l10. predict, plan and prepare ap 2013

Today you will learn … how to predict, protect and prepare

for earthquakes. (3xP’s)

1. Can earthquakes be Predicted?

• Watch this video and write down what can be done to predict earthquakes.

Prediction, protection and preparation for earthquakes

1. Prediction

water levels can rise in wells and lakes because of cracks in the rock

foreshocks before the main quake can be detected by a seismometer

animals can act strangely before the earthquake

a tiltmeter can check any movement within the rocks

1. Can earthquakes be predicted?

Prediction, protection and preparation for earthquakes

2. Can you Protect people from earthquakes?

• Buildings can be made to protect people who live and work in them.

• Building codes can regulate the design of buildings so that they are strong.

• For example theTransamerica Pyramid in San Francisco.

Prediction, protection and preparation for earthquakes

Two ways a building can withstand an Earthquake

Earthquake proof buildingsa. Skyscraper modification

– A wide base leading up to a thinner point helps to channel vibrations up and the building is designed not to sway from side to side.

– Large scale dampers can be placed on the bottom of buildings to help absorb the earth vibrations.

Prediction, protection and preparation for earthquakes

Earthquake proof buildings

What is happening in Los Angeles?

– LA buildings Video

P30-31

Prediction, protection and preparation for earthquakes

Iceland, HEP station

Steel ‘jackets’

3. Preparation

What should people pack in their emergency kit?Video here

make an emergency planBooklet here

organize regular ‘earthquake practices’ for offices and schoolsE.g. Japan has one annually - video

advise people to plan for an earthquake (e.g. tell them to turn off the gas, find a ‘safe’ place in their homes, pack an emergency kit)

enforce regulations to make some buildings earthquake proof

3. How could you prepare for an earthquake?

Prediction, protection and preparation for earthquakes

Prediction, protection and preparation for earthquakes

Prediction, protection and preparation for earthquakes

YOUR TURN!• Imagine you are an

architect and you need to come up with a design for a 20 story government office block in Haiti, where you know earthquakes strike.

• You need to come up with a building design that is as earthquake proof as you can make it!

• Design a poster that will be put up telling people what to do before, during and after an earthquake.

• You will need to think about where people should shelter, what they should pack in earthquake emergency kit and how to look after themselves before help arrives.

Prediction, protection and preparation for earthquakes

What to do in an earthquake?

1. Drop to the floor and hold on!

Find a surface to hind under fast to protect yourself from falling debris

2. ……………….. 3. ………………..

Questions to Think about

• How will you stop the building from collapsing?

• If it does not fall how will you prevent accidents in the building as it moves?

• What about falling glass and rubble on the people outside?

• What about problems after the earthquake (fire, gas and water leaks, no power)?

• Where will you build it? Away from built up areas or near emergency services?

Prediction, protection and preparation for earthquakes