landforms (relief features) associated with plate boundaries ? ? ?

Landforms (Relief Features) associated with plate boundaries

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Constructive Plate Boundary –

initial stage

Rift Valley

e.g. East African rift valley

Rift Valley with stepped faults, and tilted blocks (horsts)

Initial doming from upwelling magma

Leads to Y-shaped rifting.

A shallow sea basin may form – lots of evaporite salt deposits.

Middle Stage

Mid ocean ridge created by sea floor spreading.

Magnetic stripes as evidence for the spreading.

Fissure volcanoes e.g. Iceland

Later stage

Underwater mountain range

Central rift valley

Offset by transform faults

Destructive Plate Boundary – type 1

Ocean plate v. Ocean plate

Ocean trench e.g. Aleutian trench

Island arc volcanoes e.g. Aleutians (off Alaska)

Pacific Ring of Fire

Ocean plate v. Continental plate (Sometimes called a SUBDUCTION ZONE)

Ocean plate subducts as it is denser

Ocean trench e.g. Peru-Chile trench

Cordillera range of Young Fold Mountains e.g. Andes

Andesitic volcanic peaks e.g. Nevada del Ruiz

Destructive Plate Boundary – type 2

Destructive Plate Boundary – type 3

Continental plate v. continental Plate collision

A collision zone

Major fold mountains e.g. Himalayas and High Plateau e.g. Tibet

e.g. Ocean plate carrying India drifted northwards until India collided with Eurasian plate.

Conservative Plate Boundary

No volcanic features

Plenty of earthquakes e.g. San Andreas fault.

Fault line scarp slopes

Horizontal movement faults

Fault displacement features

Mid ocean ridge

Transform fault

Conservative Plate Boundaries are transform faults

which displace mid ocean ridges in Constructive plate Boundaries