liz larosa 5 th grade science 2010
Post on 26-Mar-2015
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As you view the slides, write your notes into the graphic organizers.
Include all the information from each slide into the appropriate boxes. Write neatly and carefully.
You will not be expected to memorize this information, but this information will be used as a reference throughout our mineral unit and help you become familiar with the different types of minerals that exist.
Minerals are divided into groups based on their chemical composition
The two main groups all minerals can be classified into are:
▪ Silicates
▪ Nonsilicates
Made of Silicon (Si) and Oxygen (O)▪ Example: SiO4
Make up 90% of the Earth’s crust
Combine with elements such as Aluminum (Al), Iron (Fe), Magnesium (Mg), and Potassium (K)
Nesosilicates
Willemite – Zn2(SiO4)▪ found in Franklin, NJ
Garnet - A3B2(SiO4)3
Sorosilicates
Hemimorphite▪ Zn4(SiO4)
Cyclosilicates
Beryl▪ Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Inosilicates
Hornblende▪ (Ca,Na)2(Mg,Fe,Al)5(Al,Si)8O22 (OH)2
Phyllosilicates
Talc▪ Mg3(Si4O10)(OH)2
Tectosilicates
Quartz ▪ SiO2
Opal▪ SiO2
.nH2O
Do not contain a combination of Silicon (Si) and Oxygen (O) in their chemical composition
There are 6 groups of nonsilicates:1. Native Elements2. Oxides3. Carbonates4. Sulfates5. Halides6. Sulfides
Minerals composed of only one element
Examples are: Gold (Au) Copper (Cu) Silver (Ag)*
Elements combine with Oxygen (O)
Some elements that bond with O are Aluminum (Al) and Iron (Fe)
Examples of oxides: Chromite - FeCr2O4
Hematite* - Fe2O3
Contain Carbon (C) and Oxygen (O) in their formulas
Examples: Calcite - CaCO3
Malachite* - Cu2CO3(OH)2
Contain Sulfur and Oxygen (SO4)
Examples: Gypsum - CaSO4
.2H2O
Barite - BaSO4
Celestite* - SrSO4
Compounds formed when Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Iodine (I), or Bromine (Br) bond with Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), or Calcium (Ca)
Examples: Halite - NaCl Fluorite - CaF2
Elements bonded with Sulfur (S) such as Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), or Nickel (Ni)
Examples: Galena - PbS Pyrite - FeS2
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