long term evolution
Post on 26-May-2015
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LONG TERM EVOLUTIONReporters:
Michael Pablo Dela Paz Mark Anthony Juanillo
Carlo Bonne Matienzo Neo Gabriel Pablo
UMTS
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS)
UMTS is an upgrade from GSM via GPRS or EDGE
The standardization work for UMTS is carried out by
Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)
Data rates of UMTS are:
144 kbps for rural
384 kbps for urban outdoor
2048 kbps for indoor and low range outdoor
Virtual Home Environment (VHE)
UMTS FREQUENCY SPECTRUM
UMTS Band
1900-2025 MHz and 2110-2200 MHz for 3G
transmission
In the US, 1710–1755 MHz and 2110–
2155 MHz will be used instead, as the
1900 MHz band was already used.
UMTS FREQUENCY SPECTRUM
UMTS NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
UMTS network architecture consists of three domains:
Core Network (CN)
Provide switching, routing and transit for user traffic
UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN)
Provides the air interface access method for user
equipment.
User Equipment (UE)
Terminals work as air interface counterpart for base
stations.
UMTS ARCHITECTURE
3.5G (HSPA)High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) is the combination of two mobile telephony protocols;High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) andHigh Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), that extends and improves the performance of existing WCDMA protocols3.5G introduces many new features that will enhance the UMTS technology in future. These include:
- Adaptive Modulation and Coding- Fast Scheduling- Backward compatibility with 3G- Enhanced Air Interface
WHAT IS LTE ??
LTE stands for Long Term Evolution
Next Generation mobile broadband
technology
Promises data transfer rates of 100 Mbps
Based on UMTS 3G technology
Optimized for All-IP traffic
MOTIVATION FOR LTE
Need for optimised system• Evolve UMTS towards packet only system
Need for higher data rates• Can be achieved with HSDPA/HSUPA• And/or new air interface defined by 3GPP LTE
Need for high quality of service• Use of licensed frequencies to guarantee quality of
services• Always-on experience (reduce control plane latency
significantly)• Reduce round trip delay
Need for cheaper infrastructure• Simply architecture, reduce number of network
elements• Most data users are less mobile
ADVANTAGES OF LTE
COMPARISON OF LTE SPEED
LTE ARCHITECTURE
LTE Architecture mainly consists of 3 Main Components:
Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
User Equipment (UE)
E-UTRAN - Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio
Access Network.
LTE ARCHITECTUREEVOLVED PACKET CORE
Evolved Packet Core an IP-Based core network system an always-on connection
Components of EPC: MME (Mobile Management Entity) S-GW (Serving Gateway) P-GW (Packet Data Network – PDN Gateway) HSS (Home Subscriber Server) PCRF (Policy Control & Charging Rule
Function)
LTE ARCHITECTUREEVOLVED PACKET CORE
Mobile Management Entity (MME) responsible for Establishment & Releasing of
connection between the user and packet core network
handles Mobility management like location registration, authentication, handover with HSS.
Serving Gateway (S-GW) acts as Router, forward & receive data
between Wireless Base Station eNodeb or 3GPP access networks such as 2G / 3G & the PDN Gateways
for roaming, the S-GW & P-GW provides boundaries between operators
LTE ARCHITECTUREEVOLVED PACKET CORE
Packet Data Network – PDN Gateway (P-GW)
communicates with outside world using SGi interface.
Each PDN is identified by an Access Point Name (APN).
functions include IP Address Assignment to Terminals,
User Authentication, QoS (Quality of Service) Control,
Charging Data (as per PCRF),
capable of Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) - Involves
either to Pass or Drop the User Data Packet.
LTE ARCHITECTUREEVOLVED PACKET CORE
Home Subscriber Server (HSS) Its like HLR (Home Location Register), Its a
Central Database, contains all information about all network operator's subscriber.
Policy Control & Charging Rule Function (PCRF)
responsible for Policy Control Decision Making.
function as to either accept or reject data packets
check the charging method from users & instruct
S/P-GW & Access Network to work accordingly.
LTE ARCHITECTUREUSER EQUIPMENT
User Equipment (UE) Its the same as the mobile equipment used in UMTS & GSM Network.
It contains following modules: Mobile Equipment (ME) - handles all Communication
functions. Terminal Equipment (TE) - terminates the Data
Stream. Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC) - Also known
as SIM Card, which stores user specific data, like home network identity, security keys, user's phone number.
LTE ARCHITECTUREEVOLVED UMTS TERRESTRIAL RADIO ACCESS NETWORK.
E-UTRAN (the Access Network) handles all the Radio Communications
between Mobile & EPC. provides Higher Data Rates, Lower Latency &
Specifically designed for Packet Data.
It has just one component Evolved Base Stationcalled eNodeB or eNB, which interfaces with UE.Each eNB is a Base Station that controls mobiles
inone or more cells.
LTE ARCHITECTURE
MAJOR LTE RADIO TECHNOLOGIES
Uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
(OFDM) for downlink
Uses Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple
Access (SC-FDMA) for uplink
Uses Multi-input Multi-output(MIMO) for
enhanced throughput
Reduced power consumption
Higher RF power amplifier efficiency (less
battery power used by handsets)
ANTENNA TECHNIQUES
LTE VS UMTS Functional changes compared to the current UMTS
architecture
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