los gases ideales

Prepared by Craig A. Casillas

Gases are fluids, because they are able to flow.

Gases have low density

Gases are highly compressible

Gases completely fill a container

Convert the pressure of 1.00 atm to mmHg. The critical pressure of carbon dioxide is 72.7 atm.

What is this value in units of pascal? The vapor pressure of water at 50.0 ºC is 12.33

kPa. What is this value in millimeter of mercury? In thermodynamics, the standard pressure is 100.0

kPa. What is this value in units of atmosphere? A tire is inflated to a gauge pressure of 30.0 psi

(which must be added to the atmospheric pressure of 14.7 psi to find the total pressure in the tire). Calculate the total pressure in the tire in pascal.

Kinetic-Molecular Theory explains that the behavior of physical systems depends on the combined actions of the molecules constituting the system.

Gas molecules are in constant movement.

Particles are far apart. Gas particles tend to collide with

each other and with the walls in the container. The pressure is responsible of the collision in gas particles. Their collision is elastic, which means that when the gas particles collide, they transferred energy to another particle.

Robert Boyleo Studied the relationship

between the volume and the pressure of a gas.

o Pressure on a gas increase in a closed container, the volume of a gas decrease.

o The product of the pressure-volume (PV) remains constant if the temperature remains the same.

Boyle’s Law:o “State that for a fixed amount

of gas at a constant temperature, the volume of the gas increases as the pressure of the gas decreases and the volume of the gas decreases as the pressure of the gas increases.”

Pag. 425 Exercises of Boyle’s Law 1- 4

A balloon is inflated to 665 mL volume at 25°C. It is immersed in a dry-ice bath at -78.5°C. What is its volume, assuming the pressure remains constant?

Pag. 428 Practice exercises 1 to 4 of Charles’s Law

Joseph Gay-Lussac discovered the relationship between pressure and temperature.

Gay-Lussac’s Law state that the pressure of a gas at a constant volume is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.

At a constant volume, the following equation is:

An aerosol can containing gas at 101 kPa and 22ºC is heated to 55ºC. Calculate the pressure in the heated can.

Pag. 431 exercise 1-4

How many molecules of gas are contained in 24.41 L at 101.325 kPa and 0ºC?

Pag. 435 exercise 1-4.

Pag. 432 exercises 1-9 Pag. 442 1, 2, 7-9

Pag. 445 exercise1-9, Pag.446 exercises 31-34, 35-56.