main results from the french cedar comparative field test network
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Main results from the French Cedar comparative field test network
Michel Bariteau et Denis Vauthier
INRA - FRANCE
Silva Mediterranea and Cedars : an Old Story
Selection of Mediterranean conifer seed-stands since 1962
A network on cedar sylviculture since 1987
Several international workshops(Antalya, 1990; Ifrane, 1993; Rabat, 2001 …)
And also national and european projects
Mediterranean Pinus and Cedrus(MPC)Adaptation and selection of Mediterranean Pinus and Cedrus for sustainable afforestation of marginal lands
Cedrusatlantica
Cedruslibani
Cedrusbrevifolia
A Mediterranean group of conifers
+ C. deodara
The Cedar Experience in France
Introduction in the Nineteen Century in France (Mont Ventoux)
Comparative plantations since 1970
A first set of trials from 1971 to 1984 Mainly Cedrus atlantica 86 provenances, 30 progenies, 25 ha, 63 000 trees
A second set of trials in 1993 Mainly Cedrus libani 42 provenances, 87 progenies, 30 ha, 34 000 trees
Mont Ventoux near Avignon(1912 m)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Mean height on schists after 4 years (1 site)
Mea
n h
eig
ht
on li
mes
ton
e af
ter
4 ye
ars
(3 s
ites)
(cm)
(cm
)
FranceTurkey
Lebanon
19
1321
29Algeria
Morocco(tested in other projects)
(C. libani)
(C. libani)(C. atlantica)
(C. brevifola)
Other eval. :EcophysiologyResistance to aphidsArchitecture
C. atlanticaC. libani - TurkeyC. brevifoliaC. libani - Lebanon
Four years after plantation : the MPC project
CA
LC
AR
EO
US
SO
ILS
ACIDIC SOILS
LOCALEASTERNTAURUS
MPC Frost resistance (late Spring frost)Puechabon plantation
Flu
shin
g sc
ore
(Apr
il 96
)
Frost damage (April 97)
Cedrus atlantica(France)Cedrus libani(Turkey)Cedrus libani(Lebanon)
Early
LateLow High
r2=0.62**
MPC
France + EasternTaurus
Mean total height on 5 sites (autumn 2006)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Nimes Pelicier Puechabon Soulanes Rouviere
To
tal
he
igh
t (c
m)
F
T
L
F = Cedrus atlantica (mean of 7 French provenances)T = Cedrus libani (mean of 25 Turkish provenances)L = Cedrus libani (mean of 8 Lebanon provenances)
What’s new, thirteen years after plantations ?
Calcareous soils
Acid soils
50%
55%
60%
65%
70%
75%
80%
85%
90%
95%
100%
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Year
Su
rviv
al
(%)
Nîmes
Puechabon
A very hot and dry summer in 2003
Site on limestone 150 m asl
Site on limestone 300 m asl
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Su
rviv
al (
%)
C. libani Liban
C. atlantica France
C. libani Turquie
Nîmes Puechabon
The Good Survival of the Turkish Provenances
The « top 4 » Turkish Provenances from Eastern Taurus
Provenance
HT 2006(cm)
Survival(%)
Drought resistance
Frost resistance
Arslanköy 224,8 A 87,1 + +
Düden 233,8 A 85,0 + +
Ermenek 212,5 A 89,5 + +
Pozanti 208,2 A 84,2 + +
Ventoux 223,6 A 56,9 - +
Maasser-Chouff
123,7 B 44,8 -- --
The best provenances (limestone)
Demarteau, 2006
Demarteau, 2006
Conclusions
A need for an international synthesis
A valuable species in the context of global warming
We have to (re)select the best provenances in the Mediterranean taking into account what could be the climate in 2100
We should revisit the experimental network and ask the « good » scientific questions
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