manure recycling acp compost solutions workshop february 28, 2007 john gundlach manager of organics...
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Manure Recycling
ACP Compost Solutions WorkshopFebruary 28, 2007
John GundlachManager of Organics Management
Inland Empire Utilities Agency
The Good
Dairy cattle manure contains significant amounts of the primary plant nutrients (N, P, and K)
As well as other essential plant nutrients, including Ca, S, Mg, and Cl.
Soil Health
More Good
Manure application, regardless of form, improves soil tilth
Increases water holding capacity Lessens wind and water erosion Improves aeration Promotes beneficial organisms When manure is applied to the soil surface, it
tends to help prevent soil crusting.
And
The application of dairy cattle manure to cropland increases the organic matter content of the soil which in turn improves long-term aggregate stability and decreases bulk density
For solid dairy cattle manure– N = 4.5 g/ kg– P = 0.7 g/ kg– K = 2.5 g/ kg
For liquid pit dairy cattle manure– N = 3.7 g/ L– P = 0.7 g/ L– K = 1.9 g/ L
For lagooned dairy cattle manure– N = 0.5 g/ L– P = 0.1 g/ L– K = 0.4 g/ L
Approximate fertilizer values for N, P, and K
There is ample evidence that properly managed dairy cattle manure can be
used to supply some or all of the nutrients to crops with economic
profitability and no environmental harm
The Bad
Possible contamination of surface waters and groundwaters with excess N, P and Salt (Na, Cl, TDS)
Heavy applications of dairy cattle manure have been linked to eutrophication of surface water bodies
Water Pollution
When application rates are greater than the assimilative capacity of the soil and crops
When manure is left on the soil surface rather than being incorporated and hence is subject to movement by surface runoff
When application rates may exceed assimilative capacity of the soil
When the land area is too small relative to the number of cattle or where manure is repeatedly applied
When applying commercial fertilizers without accounting for the nutrient value of the applied dairy manure
Water Pollution Can Occur:
Problems with dairy manure may occur from surface runoff and leaching in feedlot or land application areas, or by leakage from lagoons
Rain-fall-induced surface runoff may carry urine and feces into adjacent streams, rivers, or lakes.
And
Regulatory Controls
Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board - NPDES Permit General Order for Dairy Operators
Best Management Practices on the Dairy including an Engineered Waste Management Plan
Land application is allowed at agronomic rates because of mitigation of salt and other pollutants by the Chino Basin Groundwater Desalter and the IEUA Co-composting Facility
Regulatory Controls
Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board - NPDES Permit Tentative General Order for Dairy Operators
Best Management Practices on the Dairy including an Engineered Waste Management Plan
Land application is allowed at agronomic rates with an approved Nutrient Management Plan
– Budget and manage nutrients from all source– Site specific conditions, including groundwater monitoring, to
minimize nutrient movement on surface and through the root zone
Santa Ana Regional Water BoardTentative Revised General Order
Scheduled for adoption in April 2007 Wastewater Discharge is Prohibited Engineered Waste Management Plan Required Land Application of Manure is prohibited in
zones lacking assimilative capacity in March 2012 unless a Work Plan to offset impacts is approved
Land application at agronomic rates can continue if there is progress on the Work Plan
Additional mitigation measures will be necessary for Chino and San Jacinto areas
The Ugly
Dairy operations, manure composting operations and land application of manure can cause air pollution such as VOC’s, Ammonia, Methane, Hydrogen Sulfide, PM10
Air Pollution
Regulatory Controls
Dairies– South Coast AQMD Rule 1127
Must use digester, alternative composter or approved land application
Best Management PracticesComposting
– South Coast AQMD Rule 1133– Central Valley Tentative Rule 4565– CIMWB Operating Permit– Local CUP
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