mers cov. by dr.k.haratian
Post on 14-Feb-2017
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How do we encounter with Coronavirus outbreaks?
what should we know
Are common Viruses.
Most people get them sometime in their life.
Usually cause mild-moderate URT illness.
Are named for the crown-like spikes on their surface.
Are 4 main subgroups: alpha, beta, gamma and delta.
Were first identified in the mid 1960s.
Can infect people: alpha(229E, NL63),beta(OC43, HKU1), SARS-CoV & MERS-CoV.
What Are Coronaviruses?
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Coronavirus particle
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Coronavirus particle
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(Others) can usually infects one animal/closely related species, but not people.
SARS-CoV can infect both: monkeys, civets, raccoon dogs, cats and rodents.
MERS-Cov also has been found in animals: camels & bats.
What Are Coronaviruses?(cont.)
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Civet cat & Raccoon dogs
People commonly infects with:
229E
NL63
OC43
HKU1
How common are hCoV infections?
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SARS-CoV:
First recognized in China (Nov, 2002)
Caused worldwide outbreak:
8098 cases
774 death up to end of 2003
No new reported cases since 2004 up to now
How common are…(cont.)
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MERS-CoV:
First reported in Saudi Arabia (2012).
Caused illness in hundreds of people from several countries.
All cases are in/near Arabian peninsula.
How common are…(cont.)
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Most people will get infected with one/more hCoV in their lifetime.
People can have multiple infections in their lifetime.
Young children are most likely to get infected.
Who can get infected?
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In fact, ways of virus transmission have not been still studied very much:
The air: coughing and sneezing
Close personal contact:
Touching and shaking hands
Touching contaminated objects/surfaces, then touching mouth, nose or eyes
How do we get infected?
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Any time of the year.
But specially in:
Fall and Winter
When can we get infected?
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Mild-moderate URT illness with short duration.
Runny nose
Cough
Sore throat
Fever
Sometimes LRT illness: pneumonia in: Cardiopulmonary disease
Compromised immune system
elderly
What are the symptoms?
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No Vaccine Available!
Reducing risk of infection by:
Washing hands frequently with water & soap
Not touching eyes, nose & mouth
Avoiding close contact with sick people
How can I protect myself?
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Should stay at home.
Avoid close contact.
Cover my mouth & nose.
Keep objects/ surfaces clean & disinfected.
Drink plenty of liquids.
I am sick! So…
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Laboratory tests are needed to confirm.
Limited to a few specialized labs:
Virus isolation in cell culture.
PCR(more practical & available commercially).
Serological testing for antibodies to hCoVs.
Diagnosis
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No specific treatment available.
Taking pain & fever medications(no Aspirin to children).
Using a humidifier/taking a hot shower to help ease sore throat & cough.
Drink plenty of water.
Stay home & rest.
Treatment
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Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
Dr. Kaveh Haratian
Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Medicine
Alborz University of Medical Sciences
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Background
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Background
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Signs and Symptoms of MERS
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Recent travelers from the Arabian Peninsula.
Close contact of such a person.
People recently in a healthcare facility in the republic of Korea.
Close contacts of a confirmed case of MERS.
Healthcare personnel not using recommended infection control precautions.
People with exposure to camels(milk, meat, urine…)
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People at increased risk for MERS
CDC Criteria for Suspect Cases
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Location of Cases
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Geographical distribution of confirmed MERS-CoV cases, worldwide, as of 23
April 2014(n=345)
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Other countries Reporting cases
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Morbidity and Mortality
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Distribution of confirmed cases of MERS-CoV by month of onset and symptom
status (n=345)
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Distribution of confirmed cases of MERS-CoV reported by date and place
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Ongoing Concerns
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CDC Guideline
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Quick Factoids
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What are we doing?
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Screening
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Reference Articles
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