michael mallia - eaton - future-proofing your data centre 2011
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© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Evaluating power solutions for small to large enterprisesAssembling efficient data centres with flexible Power Infrastructure
Future-Proofing Your Data Centre
Conference 201114th February, Dockside, SydneyMichael Mallia, Eaton Corporation
2 2© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Technology changes and challenges
• High density blade servers and rack mounted storage arrays are being promoted as the saviors of the modern day space constrained data centre manager
• Virtualisation of IT applications can increase sever utilisation from an average of 15% to over 80%
• Social media and enhanced content requires increased attached storage capacity and faster more powerful networks, therefore higher power requirements
• Data centre consolidation can reduce operations costs, freeing up capital for additional IT technology
• Cloud computing increases the speed of application deployment while reducing the required IT resources
3 3© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
0 to10
30 to 40
60 to 70
12345
6-10
10-2020-50
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Events Per Year
Voltage (% of Nominal)
Duration ( cycles)
Average of 50
Sags/Year
Interruptions
Typical PQ Problems
10%
7%
5% 5% 5%
10%
5% 7%
46% Sags
Swells
Spikes, switching Spikes, switching transients transients
Under voltage Under voltage
Over voltage Over voltage
Harmonics Harmonics
Line Noise Line Noise
Frequency Frequency variations variations 2002 EPRI study
of 985 customers in the US
Interruption
Understanding the type & frequency of power problems, plus the requirements of your IT systems may enable increase in uptime and significant savings in energy costs
4 4© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Typical Blade Servers• Blade Servers:
• Chassis heights 4 to 19 RU• 7 to 16 Blades per chassis• Typically accept two (2) - quad core “x” class
processors per blade• Two (2) to six (6) power supplies per chassis
• Single and three phase power supplies• Fully redundant power configurations• Input voltage range 180 to 264Vac
• Each power supply rating 1000 to 2900 watts• Voltage ranges: Typically 200-240V• Cord types
• IEC 320 C20, or C14• Manufacturers online power sizing tools/guides
can be used to calculate power consumption per the actual configuration
5 5© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
The “Power Supply”
Common ThemeUniversal input
Power factor corrected (PFC)
6 6© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Acc
epta
ble
Inpu
t Vol
tage
to U
PS
On Line or Line Interactive UPS?
• Line Interactive UPS ideal for SMB applications
• On Line UPS provide constant voltage regulation, but may unnecessarily waste energy
• On Line UPS with Energy Saver or “ECO” modes work in bypass mode when mains is suitable, and in Double Conversion mode when line voltage is close to the limits of ITIC Curve
• Transition time between Normal and Double Conversion mode should be ~2-4 ms under all line/load conditions – up to 2x faster than any Mission Critical STS
7 7© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
High efficiency UPS with Energy Saver Systemcompared to legacy UPS systems
• Energy Saver System 99% or higher efficiency for 20% to 100% load range• 6% to 15% efficiency improvement across full load range vs traditional UPS• Continuous power tracking and proprietary DSP algorithms combined with
transformerless topology ensures critical loads are always protected
Regular
92Efficient
95Premium
99
η
ESS
99%Standard
95%Legacy
85%
You select the desired efficiency
8 8© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Where does that bring us?• No matter what size the data centre they “may” already be, or
“will” be deploying in the future, more advanced IT technology
• Need to protect against the variety of power quality problems that are seen today, although the key need may just be power availability
• How do you prepare for those challenges?• Top 5 considerations for any size critical power application
• Reliability• Efficiency
• Flexibility• Manageability• Serviceability
9 9© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Importance of more reliable hardwarePre-virtualisation applications: Post virtualisation applications:
Payroll
PayrollCRM
Accounts PayableShipping
Receiving
Human resources
Financial analysis
Business intelligence
10 10© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Increasing reliability
• Hardware additions to increase reliability• Multi – corded (power supply)
servers• Redundant UPS Systems• Dual power path power
distribution (A & B design)• Dual UPS systems (2N)• Source Transfer Switches• Surge Protection Devices (SPD)• Maintenance Bypass Switches
N + 1 Redundant UPS
SPM
LoadLoad
N + 1 Redundant UPS
SPM
LoadLoad
11 11© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Increasing reliability: N+1 Systems
30 kVA 30 kVA 30 kVA 30 kVA
Load 90 kVA total
Any single UPS can be taken off line for maintenance or repair
12 12© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Increasing power infrastructure reliability
UPS 1
Power panel
1
UPS 2
Power panel
2
“A” side power
“B” side power
2N deployment, - one power
source can be off-line for
service or repair
Dual corded server
Single corded server
STS
Redundant UPS
13 13© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
UPS Deployment - Centralised
Centralised• Scalable for buildouts• Ongoing maintenance is simplified
Centralised UPSComputer Room
UPS
Computer Room
UPS UPS
Centralised A + B• Scalable for buildouts• Total Redundancy (UPS, Switchgear, Cabling)
14 14© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Past designs
900 kW
Modular design allows:Increased redundancyConcurrent ServiceModule cycling for highest efficiency loading
State of the art design
900 kW
Flexible Centralised UPS designs
15 15© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Maximising Efficiency and Reliability!
• Energy Saver System mode on Source A• On Line mode with Variable Module Management System on Source B• > 3% efficiency improvement over existing double conversion only approach
• ESS 99% efficiency for 50% of the system load• VMMS >93% efficiency for 50% of the system load
• Double Conversion backup for 100% of system load
VMMS on “B”
Single or Dual Source
Data Centre with Dual Corded ServersESS 99%
Efficiency ESS on “A”
“A”
“B”
50% of Load
50% of Load
VMMS > 93% Efficiency X
16 16© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
UPS Deployment - Zone
Zone UPSComputer Room
UPS
UPS
UPSZone
• Scales with computer room growth• Maintenance more intensive than centralised
• End of Row or Rack Based
Redundant Zone UPSComputer Room
UPS
UPS
UPS
UPS
UPS
UPSRedundant Zone• End of Row Redundant systems• Simplified Power Distribution
17 17© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
120 kW 2(N+1) building block
Bla
deU
PS
60
kW
Bla
deU
PS
60
kW
Bla
deU
PS
60
kW
Bla
deU
PS
60
kW
18 18© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Landscape
19 19© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Connection Diagram
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20 20© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Scalable Efficient Data Centres• Modular building block approach
• 200-1000 Sq ft computing “nodes”• Include power and cooling systems• Central power and compartmentalised cooling• Redundancy of nodes is a function of software
AC Unit 3
3URPM
3URPM
3URPM
3URPM
3URPM
3URPM
AC Unit 3
3URPM
3URPM
3URPM
3URPM
3URPM
3URPM
AC Unit 3
3URPM
3URPM
3URPM
3URPM
3URPM
3URPM
AC Unit 3
3URPM
3URPM
3URPM
3URPM
3URPM
3URPM
Module 1 Module 2 Module 3
21 21© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
UPS Deployment - Rack
Rack MountedComputer Room
UPSUP
SUPSUP
SUPS
UPSUP
SUPSUP
SUPS
Rack Mounted• Each UPS powers a rack• 3Ph or 1Ph, Single or Redundant• High power with small footprint• IT friendly features• Limits impact of UPS failure to a enclosure(s)
Rack MountedComputer Room
UPSUPS
UPSUPS
UPS
UPSUPS
UPSUPS
UPS
UPSUPS
UPSUPS
UPSUPS
UPSUPS
UPSUPS
UPS
UPSUPS
UPS
Rack Mounted A + B• Add redundant feeds for dual corded loads
22 22© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
UPS Deployment - Variations
Centralised• Scalable for buildouts• Ongoing maintenance is simplified
Centralised & End Of Row Zone UPSComputer Room
UPSUPS
UPS
UPS
Centralised & Rack UPSComputer Room
UPS
UPSUPS
UPSUPS
UPSUPS
UPSUPS
UPSUPS
UPS
UPSUPS
UPS
Zone• Scales with computer room growth• Maintenance more intensive than centralised
• Rack Based
23 23© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Adjusting existing facilities to handle - cloud
Cloud environment is contained
in special area
Util
ity F
eed
AU
tility
Fee
d B
Bat
tery
Public and Private cloud
area High density
N+1 Redundant
modular UPS systems
Corporate data centre
Standard density (5kW per rack)
Corporate data centre
High density (15 kW per rack)
Power systems supporting
corporate data centre
24 24© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Centralised with Rack UPS for redundancy“Existing Central UPS” and “In the Rack” for redundancy• Add redundancy in highly critical computing areas “zones”.• Individual 12kW UPS module provides redundant UPS source.
Existing UPS(A Source)
6kW power requirement per rack
12kW UPS where redundancy needed (B Source)
No redundancy needed
25 25© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Monitoring your power Home office and SMBs
UPS monitoring may be all that is needed.
Business critical computer roomsMonitor the UPS and output power to the rack level.
Large data centresMonitor from the utility input to the server in the rack.
Mission critical facilitiesMonitor from utility input to the server level with in-depth power quality and analysis.
Monitoring increases reliability, as well as helping you to become more efficient
26 26© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Monitoring at the utility service entrance
27 27© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Monitoring at the utility service entranceTypically installed in low- or medium-voltage switchgear
Advanced power quality monitoring
Basic power monitoring
28 28© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Monitoring at the facilities level
29 29© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Monitoring at the facilities levelTypically installed in low-voltage switchgear
30 30© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Monitoring at the data centre level
31 31© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Monitoring at the data centre level
A central UPS displays monitoring information:• Locally via a display or• Remotely over the network
32 32© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Monitoring at the power distribution level
33 33© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
PDU / RPP contain monitored data locallyand with communication cards can connect to networks
Monitoring at the power distribution level
34 34© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Monitoring UPS in the rack
UPSs distributed throughout the data centre deliver information about themselves, such as:
• UPS energy use• Battery runtime• Battery health and status• UPS status• Input and output voltage, output kWh
35 35© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Monitoring at the enclosure level
36 36© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Monitoring at the enclosure levelRack-mounted PDU’s display local information
can be configured for network connectivity as well.
37 37© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
What do you do with all that information?
H2OPumps
Chiller
Precision
Cooling
Utility
Central UPS
Power Distribution Units
Facility Network
DC Power
Low Voltage600VAC Eqpt
Generators
Parallel or Transfer Eqpt
Utility,Rates, Incentives SubstationCommunicating Revenue Meter
Power
Cooling
Monitoring and Control
CoolingTower
Medium Voltage>600VAC Eqpt
$
Utility
AlternativePower
Utilities
Compute• Main Frames• Volume Servers• Blade Servers
Storage• SATA Disk• Tape• Blended
Network• Corporate Networks• VoIP
IT and Networks
Security…UPSBattery
Service Level Agreements
MonitoringSoftware
IT
• Open architecture• Reporting warehouse• Vendor neutral drivers• Various energy meters
and Gateways
38 38© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Built in User View Templates- Geographical Layout Example
Data Centre LIVE Webcam video stream
embedded into PXS
Data Centre LIVE Webcam video stream
embedded into PXS
Events bubble up and change City-label colors
accordingly
Events bubble up and change City-label colors
accordingly
Local Weather LIVE webpage embeddedLocal Weather LIVE webpage embedded
http://10.222.50.187/powerxpertsoftware
39 39© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
DCiE, PUE, THD, kWh, $$$, key indicators for
the plant
DCiE, PUE, THD, kWh, $$$, key indicators for
the plant
Shop Floor components: UPS’s, Meters, Gateways w/
status indicators
Shop Floor components: UPS’s, Meters, Gateways w/
status indicators
Built in User View Templates- Plant (industrial) Layout Example
40 40© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Integrated PXM Meters with live
metering data & LED’s
Integrated PXM Meters with live
metering data & LED’s
ePDU and UPS live status LED indicatorsePDU and UPS live
status LED indicators
Built in User View Templates- Device Overview (Data Centre) Layout Example
41 41© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Data Centre Efficiency Report- Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE), Data Centre Infrastructure Efficiency (DCiE)
Energy Consumption: - IT vs. non-IT consumption delineation- Day-by-Day Line and Bar Charts
Energy Consumption: - IT vs. non-IT consumption delineation- Day-by-Day Line and Bar Charts
DCiE & PUE: - industry standard efficiency metrics-Understand and track how efficiently your Data Centre is running, and how effective your improvement efforts have been
DCiE & PUE: - industry standard efficiency metrics-Understand and track how efficiently your Data Centre is running, and how effective your improvement efforts have been
Temperature & Humidity: - Low, Average, High metrics- Day-by-Day Bar Charts
Temperature & Humidity: - Low, Average, High metrics- Day-by-Day Bar Charts
$$$ $$ $
42 42© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Greenhouse Gas Report
Report Key: - Carbon Dioxide- Sulfur Dioxide- Nitrogen Oxide- Mercury- Methane- Nitrous Oxide
Report Key: - Carbon Dioxide- Sulfur Dioxide- Nitrogen Oxide- Mercury- Methane- Nitrous Oxide
Report period totals for all gas’Report period totals for all gas’
Consumption breakdown by selected locations
Consumption breakdown by selected locations
43 43© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Utilities Report
Utilities usage per day Bar GraphsUtilities usage per day Bar Graphs
Utilities totals:-Understand and track your utilities consumption, and how effective your improvement efforts have been
- Water- Air- Gas- Electricity- Steam
Utilities totals:-Understand and track your utilities consumption, and how effective your improvement efforts have been
- Water- Air- Gas- Electricity- Steam
Utilities usage Day-by-Day Line GraphsUtilities usage Day-by-Day Line Graphs
44 44© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Conclusion• Today’s data centre requirements are more
complex than ever: Help is available, as more weight is placed on IT groups to provide solutions
• Begin small by thinking of modular solutions • Monitor your power
• information gained can help make decisions to maximisereliability and efficiency
• Integrate Power Monitoring into your IT monitoring environment
• Move toward being Green in the Data Centre
45 45© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Eaton can help you!
GenerationUtility Substations
Software & Monitoring
MV Switchgear
Low Voltage EquipmentTransformers, SwitchgearPanelboards, SPDs
DC Power
Engineering Services• Project Management• Service• Monitoring• Business Continuity• Disaster Recovery
In the “white” spaceModular 1 and 3 phase UPSLarge floor power distributionRack power distributionEnvironmental monitoring IT Racks & Air Flow Management Systems
Central UPS SystemsStatic Auto-Tie
Static Transfer Switches
Wiring Closets
Roll-upGenerators
Paralleling Switchgear
46 46© 2011 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
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