mobile source emission inventory for the city of cape town dapps report-back meeting juliet mert...
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MOBILE SOURCE EMISSION INVENTORY FOR THE CITY
OF CAPE TOWNDAPPS Report-back Meeting
Juliet Mert & Eugene Cairncross
Peninsula Technikon
27 November 2003
OVERVIEW
DAPPS requirementsMethodology (Toolkit and Manual method)ResultsDiscussions/ConclusionAcknowledgements
DAPPS Requirements
For mobile source emissions, DAPPS requires strip source emission rates of CO, HC, NOx, PM & SOx [g pollutant/s per strip].
The IPIECA Toolkit predicts total mobile source emissions in the CMA(i.e. a mobile source emission inventory).
A spreadsheet was setup in an attempt to determine temporal and spatial emissions.
Methodology
TOOLKIT METHOD
• The IPIECA Toolkit is an emission inventory model, developed by IPIECA (UAQM)
• The model estimates emission rates based on: vehicle kms traveled, fuel consumption rates, annual human and vehicle population growth rates.
Toolkit Results
Petrol consumed (kT/a) Diesel consumed (kT/a)
Modeled Est actuala Modeled Est. actual
1995 870 953 595 510
1998 972 1022 686 559
2001 974 971 691 609
Total Petrol and Diesel Consumption, Modeled vs Actual
Total Lead emissions (kT/annum)
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Year
Pb (k
T/a
)Particulate Matter emissions (kT/annum)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Year
PM (k
T/a
)
Total Car Gasoline non-catTotal Car Gasoline catTotal Diesel CarsTotal Motor- cyclesTotal Commercial vehiclesTotal Mobile Emissions
Hydrocarbon emissions (kT/annum)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Year
HC
(kT
/a)
Total Car Gasoline non-catTotal Car Gasoline catTotal Diesel CarsTotal Motor- cyclesTotal Commercial vehiclesTotal Mobile Emissions
Base year [2001] Pollutant levels
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
PM SOx VOC NOx
Pol
luta
nts
[kT
/ann
um]
Base Year Pollutant Levels
Methodology
MANUAL METHOD• Basis: vehicle counts (for the CBD), ave.
speeds, emission factors (EF) and route distances.
• Vehicle counts obtained from the Annual Vehicle Screenline Survey for Cape Town CBD (2001). Counts were done at 11 points in the City centre.
• Route distances were physically measured then sectioned into zones.
City map
Section of CMA map
Study area boundary
Counting stations boundary
Manual Results
Zone Average Distance
Speed (LV)
EF example of CO
CO emission/ annuma
Toolkit estimate
Differenceb
km km/hr g/km kT/annum kT/annum %
1 40 50 24 14.9 206 25
2 25 20 43 17.3 - -
3 24 15 51 19.3 - -
Total - - - 51.5 - -
aEmission = zone distance*vehicles/hour*EF [g/h]b60% of vehicles accounted for in CMA
Discussion/Conclusion
• There is a good match between Toolkit total fuel consumption and fuel sales figures.
• The accuracy of estimated total and strip source emissions relies on valid assumptions, area boundaries and quality of data (such as vehicle counts).
Acknowledgements
• CSIR• Pentech• SKR• SAWB• Naamsa, Sapia,
Sapref, City of Cape Town
*DAPPS is funded by the DACST’s Innovation Fund, administered by the NRF.
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