modern art
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MODERN ARTMODERN ART
Art Nouveau
Art Deco
Cubism
Dadaism
De Stijl & Bauhaus
Surrealism
Abstract Expressionism
Pop Art
Art NouveauArt Nouveau
Art NouveauArt Nouveau
an international philosophy and style of art, architecture and applied art, especially the decorative arts
French for ‘new art’, also known as ‘modernisme’ in Catalonia, Spain, Jugendstil in Germany or ‘youth style’, or ‘style of youth’
Art NouveauArt Nouveau
inspired by natural forms and structures, of flowers and plants and curved lines
harmony with the natural environment
Art Nouveau is influenced strongly by Czech artist Alfons Mucha
Art NouveauArt Nouveau
‘mucha style’
Alfons Mucha, Gustave Klimt, Henri Lautrec
Architect Antonio Gaudi
Alfons MuchaAlfons Muchapaintings, posters, ads and illustrations; theater sets, wallpaper, jewelry, carpets
beautiful young women in flowing, Neoclassical-looking robes, often surrounded by lush flowers
In contrast, he used pale pastel colors
Gustav KlimtGustav Klimt
Austria
his own style is highly ornamental, lots of gold and silver colors in his artwork
The KissThe Kiss
Antoni Antoni GaudiGaudi
Spanish Catalan architect, highly individual and distinctive style found in the Catalan capital of Barcelona
magnum opus: La Sagrada Familia
Between 1984-2005, 7 of his works were declared World Heritage Sites by UNESCO
earned the nickname ‘God’s Architect’
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau CharacteristicsCharacteristics
flowing, graceful, sinuous lines, rarely angular
violent and whiplash curves in rhythmic patterns
organic subject matter: flowers, leaves, vines, grass, seaweed and other organic images
resistance of classical restrictions
CubismCubism
CubismCubism
considered the most influential art movement of the 20th century
primary influence was the representation of three dimensional form in the late works of Paul Cézanne
Georges Braque‘Violin and Candlestick’
Les Demoiselles d'AvignonPablo Picasso
Three MusiciansPablo Picasso
GuernicaPablo Picasso
CubismCubism
In Cubism, objects are analyzed, broken up and reassembled in abstracted form--instead of depicting objects from one viewpoint, it depicts multitude of viewpoints to represent the subject in a greater context.
influences in Dada and Surrealism
CharacteristicsCharacteristicsgeometricity
simplification of objects
conceptual reality
overlapping of planes
multiple or contrasting vantage points
De StijlDe Stijl
De StijlDe Stijl
Dutch for ‘the style’, also known as neoplasticism
Dutch art movement in 1917
expresses the new utopian ideal of spiritual harmony and order
pure abstraction and universality by reducing to the essentials of form and color
Theo van Doesburg, Piet Mondrian
Theo van Doesburg
Red and Blue ChairGerrit Rietveld
Composition with Red, Blue & YellowPiet Mondrian
De StijlDe StijlMondrian writes, "... this new plastic idea will ignore the particulars of appearance, that is to say, natural form and colour. On the contrary, it should find its expression in the abstraction of form and colour, that is to say, in the straight line and the clearly defined primary colour."
"only primary colours and non-colours, only squares and rectangles, only straight and horizontal or vertical line."
"It [De Stijl] was posited on the fundamental principle of the geometry of the straight line, the square, and the rectangle, combined with a strong asymmetricality; the predominant use of pure primary colors with black and white; and the relationship between positive and negative elements in an arrangement of non-objective forms and lines.”
ExpressionismExpressionism
ExpressionismExpressionism
modernist movement originating in Germany
presenting the world from a subjective perspective
distorting radically for emotional effect to evoke mood or ideas
exaggerated colors, aggressive brush strokes, distortion
EDVARD MUNCH (1863-1944)'The Scream'
Abstract Abstract ExpressionismExpressionism
also action painting, color field painting, a.k.a. The New York School
after WWII, characteristic messiness and energetic applications of paint
‘youthful antagonism’, hardly worthy of the name ‘art’
brush strokes revealed the artist’s process. The process is the subject of the art itself
three major sources: Kandinsky’s abstraction, Dadaist’s reliance on chance and Surrealist’s endorsement of Freudian theory
Color Field and Action Painting
Wassily KandinskyWassily Kandinsky
Composition VIII
Jackson PollockJackson PollockJack the Dripper
drip painting
enjoyed considerable fame and notoriety in his lifetime, a recusive artist
volatile and alcoholic, also married the artist Lee Krasner
No. 5
Lee KrasnerLee Krasner
Mark RothkoMark Rothko
Orange, Red and Yellow
CharacteristicsCharacteristicsunconventional application of paint, usually without a recognizable subject, tends towards amorphous shapes in brilliant colors.
dripping, smearing, slathering, flinging of paint onto the canvas
gestural ‘writing’ in a loosely calligraphic manner
color field artists: carefully filling the picture plane with zones of colors to create tension between shapes and hues
DadaismDadaism
DadaismDadaism
art movement in the early 20th century that began in Zurich, Switzerland
born out of negative reaction to the horrors of WWI
rejected reason and logjic, prizing nonsense, irrationality and intuition
DadaismDadaismthe origin of the name Dada is unclear, some believe it is a nonsensical word.
Some believe it was the artists’ frequent use of the words ‘da, da’, meaning ‘yes, yes’ in Romanian.
Another theory says that it came from a French-German dictionary and pointed out to ‘dada’, French word for ‘hobbyhorse’.
CharacteristicsCharacteristicsbecame an international art movement--or non-movement, as it were.
only one rule: never follow any known rules
intends to provoke an emotional reaction from the viewer
nonsensical to the point of whimsy
no predominant medium; assemblage, collage, photomontage and use of readymade objects
Dada self-destructed when it was in danger of becoming ‘acceptable’
FountainMarcel Duchamp
SurrealismSurrealism
SurrealismSurrealism
art movement that began in the early 1920s
featuring the element of surprise, unexpected juxtapositions, non sequitur
developed out of Dada during the WWI
SurrealismSurrealismgreatly influenced by Freud and Jung’s theories -- images of subconscious reaching the conscious
founder André Breton defined surrealism as "Psychic automatism in its pure state, by which one proposes to express - verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other manner - the actual functioning of thought."
seeking access to the unconscious mind to make art inspired by this realm
V
Veristic SurrealismVeristic Surrealism
fantasy world and representational
portrays recognizable images, scenes and objects in reality taken out of natural context
dreamscape
Salvador Dali, Rene Magritte, Max Ernst
Salvador Salvador DaliDali
Spanish Catalan Artist
heavily influenced by Picasso and Miro
extensive symbolism
‘The Persistence of Memory’ by Salvador Dali
‘The Temptation of St. Anthony’ by Salvador Dali
‘The Great Masturbator’ by Salvador Dali
AutomatismAutomatism
Joan Miro and Andre Mason
organic scribbles and curvilinear images with biomorphic qualities
Harlequin's Carnival by Joan Miro
The Tilled Field by Joan Miro
Andre Masson
Son of ManSon of ManRene MagritteRene Magritte
CharacteristicsCharacteristics
exploration of dreams and the unconscious
used devices like: levitation, changing an object’s scale, transparency, repetition
used techniques like: juxtaposition of objects, objective chance, displacement of one object
Pop ArtPop Art
Pop ArtPop ArtPop art along with minimalism are considered to be art movements that precede postmodern art, or earliest examples of postmodern art
often takes imagery used in advertising, product labels and logos
pop art blurred the fine line between fine art and commercial art.
Andy Andy WarholWarholAmerican artist, leading
figure in pop art movement
encompassed many forms of media: hand drawing, painting, printmaking, photography, silk screening, sculpture, film and music
also a pioneer on computer generated art using Amiga computers, two years before his death.
‘‘Once you got ‘pop’, you could Once you got ‘pop’, you could never see a sign the same way never see a sign the same way again. And once you thought again. And once you thought
pop, you could never see pop, you could never see America the same way again.’America the same way again.’
- Andy Warhol- Andy Warhol
Eight ElvisesEight ElvisesAndy WarholAndy Warhol
Pop ArtPop Artmid 1950s in Great Britain and late 1950s in the US
including imagery from popular culture such as advertising, news, etc.
employs aspects of mass culture, advertising, comic books and mundane cultural objects
widely reaction to the dominant ideas of abstract expressionism
aimed to employ images of popular as opposed to elitist culture in art, emphasizing banal elements of any given culture most often through the use of irony
mechanical means of reproduction or rendering techniques
Roy Roy LiechtensteinLiechtenstein
favoring the old fashioned comic strip as subject matter
hard edged, precise compositions parodied in tongue-in cheek humorous manner
Drowning GirlDrowning GirlRoy LichtensteinRoy Lichtenstein
CharacteristicsCharacteristicsRecognizable imagery from popular media and products
Usually very bright colors
Flat imagery influenced by comic books and newspaper photos
Images of celebrities or fictional characters in comic books, ads, fan magazines
In sculpture, innovative use of media
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