motherboard cpu and cpu ram storage · sensor, sound sensor, a button and a slider on a picoboard....

Inside the case of the computer

Motherboard

CPU and CPU Fan

RAM

Storage

Hard disk

Solid state disk

Optical storage

U3 drive

View all components you need to build you own PC

at e.g. http://www.butterscotch.c

om/tutorial/Getting-Started-Building-Your-PC

• What is the motherboard?

• Purpose the motherboard?

• Where do you find the motherboard?

• How do you fit the motherboard?

See a video how to install motherboard inside the case e.g. http://www.butterscotch.com/tu

torial/Installing-The-Motherboard-Into-Your-Case

• What is the role of the CPU?

• Where do you fit the CPU?

• Who manufactures CPUs for PCs?

• Who manufactures CPUs for smartphones and consumer tablets?

• What is the unit of measurement for the speed of a processor?

• What can be done to prevent damage from overheating?

See a video how to install CPU and

fan e.g. http://www.butterscotch.com/tutorial/Preparing-The-

Motherboard-And-CPU

• What is the role of RAM?

• Whys is the data transfer between RAM and CPU is fast?

• What is the effect when you increase RAM?

• How do you upgrade RAM?

• What does RAM is “volatile” mean?

• What limits the amount of RAM you can use?

Watch a video how to install memory e.g.

http://www.butterscotch.com/tutorial/Insta

lling-Your-PCs-Memory

• Physical composition of Hard Disk Drives.

• Storage is not electronic on HDD. Name the type of storage

• Why is the HDD slower than the RAM?

• Capacity and cost of storage on HDD.

• What will happen when you drop a hard drive while it is working?

• Two sides of the same hard drive.

View video on installing the hard drive e.g.

http://www.butterscotch.com/tutorial/Installing-

The-Hard-Drive

• How is data stored on optical drives?

• Which is slower, hard disk drives or CD drives?

• What is the storage capacity of CDs, DVDs and Blu-ray discs?

• How do you distinguish between CDs, DVDs and Blu-ray discs just by looking at it? See how to install the

CD/DVD drive at e.g. http://www.butterscotch.co

m/tutorial/Installing-The-Optical-Drive

• How do Solid State Drives (SSDs) differ from HDDs and RAM?

• Which devices use SSDs?

• Which is faster, SSDs or RAM or HDDs or CDs?

• Comment on the cost and capacity of SSDs

Listen to a discussion on solid state hard drives vs

mechanical hard drives e.g. http://www.butterscotch.c

om/show/Mechanical-Hard-Drives-Vs-Solid-State-

Drives

Ports

USB Firewire

Thunderbolt RJ45

VGA connector

Standard mini jacks

Adding extra storage using external drives is simple, fast and easy

• Peripherals that can connect by using the USB ports.

• What can you do if you do not have enough USB ports?

• Where would you expect to find Firewire ports?

• Which is faster –Thunderbolt, USB3, USB2, USB1 or Firewire?

• Launched in 2011.• Available on all new Apple

computers. • Thunderbolt provides fastest

external connection currently available.

• The connection supplies peripherals with 10 Watts of power and speeds of up to 10 Gb/s which can transfer a full-length HD movie in less than 30 seconds or backup 1 year of continuous MP3 playback in just over 10 minutes http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/io/thunderbolt/thunderbolt-technology-developer.html

Do question 1 to 10 of activity 1

Input

Sensors

Pointing devices

Keyboard

Scanner

Joy stick

game controllers

Microphone Camera

Touch screen

Tablet

• Why do we say “QWERTY” keyboard?

• What can you do if you need a keyboard on a touch screen device?

• How do you connect a keyboard to the PC?

Input data is text or navigation or instructions e.g. home and arrows and

F1 for help

• Mouse actions

• How do Touchpads(trackpads) work?

Input: the position and whether you click, right-click, double-click, drag and scroll to interact with the items on the screen, draw, move, copy, etc.

• Discusss different type of microphones that are used by computers, smartphones and media tablets

Input: the sound that can be recorded or the computer can respond if it uses voice recognition.

• Name devices that use touchscreens

• Discuss the gestures to control the computer on touch screens

Capacitive touchscreens respond to fingers (or things that conduct electricity)

• Discuss specialised game controllers for the Xbox or PlayStations.

• Discuss the Wii motion sensitive controllers

• Discuss Microsoft Kinect for the Xbox users Buttons on game controller

provide options like shooting and motion sensitive controllers or cameras responds to your movement to play games like tennis

• How do you transfer photos and video to your computer?

Raw image files are sometimes called digital negatives, as they are not directly usable as an image, but has all of the information needed to create an image.

• Types of scanners:

– Flat bed scanners

– 3D scanners

– Bar-code scanners

– Magnetic strip scanners

– Biometric scanners

• How do you edit text after scanning a document?

• What is a QR code?

A QR code (abbreviated from Quick Response code) is a type of matrix barcode (or two-dimensional code) that has become popular due to its fast readability and comparatively large storage capacity.

• Discuss scenarios where the pen tablet (or the Tablet PC) will be most suitable and motivate your answers

• Discuss the unique characteristics of a pen tablet

• Other input devices and where they are used, like

– buttons,

– scroll-wheels,

– toggle switches,

– rocker switches etc.

Text Images

Sound Sensors

• Other ways to input text

except for typing on the

keyboard

– Batch scanning

– Barcodes

– Speech recognition

• Devices you can use to input video/photos

• How do you connect these devices to the computer?

They really have made a car that can drive itself in city traffic without causing accidentshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-nYhKD8leAg

• Sound is most often simply recorded

• Discuss other ways in which sound input can be used, e.g. MIDI instruments, software to record and recognise sound patterns

• There are also light sensors, gyroscopes, temperature sensors, etc. that allow devices to react to their environment in ways that were not possible before.

• Using the Scratch programming language you can easily create simple interactive programs based on the input from a light sensor, sound sensor, a button and a slider on a PicoBoard

Answer question 1- 18 of Activity 2

Output

MonitorData

projectors

PrintersSpeakers

and headphones

• Explain the meaning of VDU, LCD, LED, CRT.

• Monitors are typically classified according to:– Size– Resolution– Response time– Connectors– Contrast ratio

• How does a data

projector work?

• Scenarios where a

data projector will

be suitable

• Compare with

Smartboard

• Explain hard copy and soft copy output.

• Why would a small business choose a multi-function device in stead of a simple printer?

• How do printers connect to computers?

Laser printers work by melting toner onto the paper. Great for general purpose printing.Faster than inkjets.Relatively cheap to run.

Inkjet printers spray dots of ink onto paper. Slower than laser printers and more expensive to run.Can print photo quality images.

Dot-matrix printersuse old technology that works by striking pins onto paper through inked ribbons. Still used for printing invoices, bills, etc. and where carbon copies are needed.

• Two factors that determine the quality of the sound output.

• How to connect to electronic instruments and professional mixing boards, speakers , headphones.

• Sound output can

– tell you when a task starts / completes

– make sounds when you click on an object

– to provide text-to-speech synthesizer.

• Answer question 1- 10 activity 3

Flash drives

Portable hard drives

Memory cards

Disadvantages of optical disc drives (CD / DVD / Blu-ray)• comparatively slow• limited capacity• expensive per GB compared to magnetic storage or even Solid State Disks (SSDs). • easily damaged by being scratched or exposed to heat. • comparatively large

• Electronic storage.• Faster than optical/magnetic

storage.• More expensive per GB than

magnetic storage.• Less likely to be damaged. • High capacity: range in size

from 1 GB upwards. • Small physical size. • Power from the computer,

through the USB port.

• Digital cameras store their pictures on memory cards.

• Different types.

• Connect the camera to the computer with a cable (usually USB), or use a card reader.

• Same magnetic media as internal hard drives.

• Connect via a USB, Firewire or Thunderbolt connection.

• Large capacity – suited for backup.

• Two types

– 2.5ʺ drives: lower capacity and can run on the power that is supplied via the cable.

– 3.5ʺ drives: larger capacity but needs an extra power supply.

• Modem (MOdulator – DEModulator) was used to convert a computer’s digital data into analogue audio signals, and vice versa.

• Today data is transmitted digitally –no conversion to analogue

– 3G modems

– ADSL modems

– Routers

• Answer Question 1 to 9

Desktop Smartphone

Communication ADSL modem or 3G modem built-in wireless connectivity such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and 3G

Input keyboard and mouse or a microphone small keyboard, touch screen and built-in microphone and camera,

Output 19ʺ – 25ʺ screen, speakers, headphones, can connect directly to printer.

Built in (3ʺ - 5ʺ) screen, built-in speakers, headphones.

Processor Intel / AMD multi-core processors. Uses ARM, Qualcomm, Apple CPUs

RAM 1 GB – 12+ GB

256 MB – 2 GB

Storage Typically 250 GB +

8 GB – 64 GB

• Same data on more than one device -

e.g. contacts in your e-mail address

book and on your phone.

• If you edit the data on one device, the

data on the other devices is out of

date unless you synchronise the data

between devices (i.e. make sure that

each device has the latest copy of the

data). Software needed

• DropBox - ‘Cloud Syncing’.

• Answer question 1 to 7 of Activity 5