new seed treatments that may revolutionize insect control...

Brian A. Nault1 and Alan G. Taylor2Brian A. Nault1 and Alan G. Taylor2

Departments of Entomology1 and Horticultural Sciences2

Cornell University

New York State Agricultural Experiment Station

Geneva, NY 14456

Departments of Entomology1 and Horticultural Sciences2

Cornell University

New York State Agricultural Experiment Station

Geneva, NY 14456

New Seed Treatments that may Revolutionize Insect Control in Snap Beans

New Seed Treatments that may Revolutionize Insect Control in Snap Beans

Seedcorn Maggot, Delia platura

Larva Infested seed

Snap Bean Damaged by Seedcorn Maggot

Snap Bean Damage by Seedcorn Maggot

Snap Bean Damage by Seedcorn Maggot

No damage

Damage

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

4/17 5/1 5/15 5/29 6/12 6/26 7/10 7/24 8/7

Date

Num

ber o

f fem

ales

/trap

/3 d

ays

Seasonal Activity of Seedcorn Maggot inGeneva, NY in 2001

Time beyond which SCM rarely causes a problem

1st generation

Insecticides Labeled for Seedcorn MaggotControl in Snap Bean in New York

• Commercial Seed Treatment- Lorsban 50SL (chlorpyrifos)- Gaucho 480 (imidacloprid – SCM removed in 2003) - Cruiser 5FS (thiamethoxam)

• Soil Treatments- Lorsban 4E or Lorsban 15G (Section 24[c]) – in review

• Hopper-Box Treatment (used effectively in DE)- Diazinon 50WP: 1/2 oz per bu. of seed; need to addgraphite for bridging problems

Experimental Seed Treatments Evaluated for Seedcorn Maggot Control in Snap Bean

Treatment Active Ingredient Class Gaucho 480 imidacloprid Neonicotinoid Cruiser 5FS thiamethoxam Neonicotinoid Poncho 600 clothianidin Neonicotinoid SpinTor 2SC spinosad Spinosyn Entrust spinosad Spinosyn Icon fipronil Phenylpyrazole

Rates of Seed Treatments ExaminedRates of Seed Treatments Examined Treatment Chemical Rate (g/ 100 kg of seed) Lorsban 50SL chlorpyrifos 62.5 Gaucho 480 imidacloprid 60 Cruiser 5FS thiamethoxam 50* Poncho 600 clothianidin 60 SpinTor 2SC spinosad 60 Entrust spinosad 60 Icon fipronil 60

*Note: The 50 g a.I./ 100 kg of seed rate is equal to 1.28 fl oz/100 lbs of seed

0 10 20 30 40

Untreated

Lorsban 50SL

Cruiser 5FS

Poncho 600

Gaucho 480

SpinTor 2C

Entrust

Icon

Lorsban 4E

Mean % Damaged Seedlings

Snap Bean Seedling Damage by Seedcorn Maggotin Ontario Co., NY in 2003 (n= 6)

a

bb

b

b

c

b

b

b

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Untreated

Lorsban 50SL

Cruiser 5FS

Poncho 600

Gaucho 480

SpinTor 2C

Entrust

Icon

Lorsban 4E

Mean % Damaged Seedlings

Snap Bean Seedling Damage by Seedcorn Maggotin Niagra Co., NY in 2003 (n= 2 to 4)

a

bcd

bcd

d

bcd

cd

cd

cd

ab

Potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae

AdultAdult

NymphNymph

Potato LeafhopperInjury

Potato LeafhopperInjury

Stunting, leaf curlingand “hopperburn”

Stunting, leaf curlingand “hopperburn”

Insecticides Labeled for Potato LeafhopperControl in Snap Bean in NY

• Commercial Seed Treatment- Cruiser 5FS (thiamethoxam)

• Foliar-Applied Insecticides- Dimethoate 4EC (dimethoate) - Asana XL (esfenvalerate)- Orthene 97 (acephate) - Warrior T (lambda-cyhalothrin)- Sevin XLR (carbaryl) - Capture 2EC (bifentrin)- Lannate LV (methomyl) - Mustang Max (Z-cypermethrin)

• Soil-Applied Treatments- Thimet 15G (phorate)- Di-Syston 15G (disulfoton)

Action Thresholds for Potato Leafhopper in Snap Bean

• Sweep net: 5 hoppers per sweep during pre-bloom stage

• Visual inspection:a) 1 nymph per leaf in NY and WIb) 1 nymph per 10 leaves in DE

Problems Encountered using Foliar Sprays

• Must scout fields for PLH

• Adequate spray coverage difficult when plants small

• Timing of sprays is critical and can be complicated bywet field conditions

• Too busy with other farming practices

Experimental Seed Treatments Evaluated for PLH Control in Snap Bean

Treatment Active Ingredient Class Gaucho 480 imidacloprid Neonicotinoid Cruiser 5FS thiamethoxam Neonicotinoid Poncho 600 clothianidin Neonicotinoid

Rates of Seed Treatments ExaminedRates of Seed Treatments Examined

Treatment Chemical Rate (g/ 100 kg of seed) Gaucho 480 imidacloprid 60 Cruiser 5FS thiamethoxam 50 Poncho 600 clothianidin 60

Note: Cruiser 5FS @ 1.28 fl oz/100 lbs ofseed is equivalent to 50 g a.i./ 100 kg of seed

Evaluation of Seed Treatments for PLH ControlEvaluation of Seed Treatments for PLH Control

Days after planting

Mea

n nu

mbe

r of P

LH

nym

phs/

20

leav

esPlanted on June 4, 2002 in Geneva, NY

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

11 18 25 32 39 46 53 60

UntreatedGaucho 480Cruiser 5FS

threshold

Bloom

Evaluation of Seed Treatments for PLH ControlEvaluation of Seed Treatments for PLH Control

Days after planting

Mea

n nu

mbe

r of P

LH

nym

phs/

20

leav

esPlanted on June 8, 2002 in Elba, NY

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

11 18 25 32 39 46 53 60

UntreatedGaucho 480Cruiser 5FS

threshold

Bloom

Evaluation of Seed Treatments for PLH ControlEvaluation of Seed Treatments for PLH Control

Mea

n nu

mbe

r of P

LH

nym

phs/

20

leav

es

Planted on July 15, 2002 in Elba, NY

Days after planting

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

11 18 25 32 39 46 53 60

UntreatedGaucho 480Cruiser 5FS

threshold

Bloom

Evaluation of Seed Treatments for PLH Control

Bloom

02468

1012141618

34 40 47 54 61

Time (days after planting)

Mea

n nu

mbe

r of n

ymph

s/le

afUntreated

Gaucho 480

Cruiser 5FS

Poncho 600

Warrior T

threshold

Bloom

Warrior T

Planted on May 23, 2003 in Geneva, NY

Potato Leafhopper Control

Cruiser 5FSCruiser 5FS

UntreatedUntreated

Evaluation of Seed Treatments for PLH Control

8

0

2

4

6

28 37 44 52

Time (days after planting)

Mea

n nu

mbe

r of n

ymph

s/le

afUntreated

Gaucho 480

Cruiser 5FS

Poncho 600

Warrior T

threshold

Warrior TBloom

Planted on June 3, 2003 in Niagra Co., NY

Soybean Aphid – Aphis glycinesSoybean Aphid – Aphis glycines

Cruiser 5FS @ 75 g/100 kg seedUntreated Control

Soybean Aphid Control

Current Strategy used to Manage Major Insect Pests of Snap Bean in New YorkCurrent Strategy used to Manage Major Insect Pests of Snap Bean in New York

Strategy Pests Targeted Cruiser with or without Seedcorn maggot + Lorsban @ planting Potato leafhopper + Soybean aphid + Pyrethroid spray @ bloom European corn borer + Potato Leafhopper

Notes: (1) Lorsban should be included in fields containinghigh organic matter (e.g., animal or green manure). (2) Cruisershould provide protection against PLH for 50-60 days after planting.