nick sieger-exploring rails 3 through choices

Rails 3 Through Choices

Nick Siegernsieger@engineyard.com

Sunday, March 21, 2010

EY Cloud

EY Open Source

Rubinius Ruby 1.8.6

JRubyRails

Confession

I’m not a web developer

CSSJavaScript

HTTPTCP/IP

Apache

NginxFCGI Memcached

CSSJavaScript

HTTPTCP/IP

Apache

NginxFCGI Memcached

=Sunday, March 21, 2010

Rubyin 2010

Ruby VMs

Ruby 1.8almost seven years old!

Ruby 1.9.2August 2010

JRuby 1.5April 2010

Rubinius 1.0Q2 2010

Ruby 2.0Let the prognostication begin

iSunday, March 21, 2010

paralyzed bychoice

opinionated software

making choices

6 years later...

Rails 3highlights

Rails command$ rails newapp create create README create .gitignore create Rakefile create config.ru create Gemfile create app create app/controllers/application_controller.rb create app/helpers/application_helper.rb create app/models create app/views/layouts create config ...

Options$ rails -hUsage: rails APP_PATH [options]

Options: ... -O, [--skip-activerecord] # Skip ActiveRecord files -T, [--skip-testunit] # Skip TestUnit files -J, [--skip-prototype] # Skip Prototype files

Script

script/serverscript/generatescript/console

script/rails sscript/rails gscript/rails c

rails serverrails generaterails console

Layout

Classes

class MyController < ApplicationControllerend

class MyModel < ActiveRecord::Baseend

Unobtrusive JavaScript

JavaScript: R2link_to "Delete Image", @image, :confirm => "Are you sure?", :method => :delete

<a href="/images/9" onclick="if (confirm('Are you sure?')) { var f = document.createElement('form'); f.style.display = 'none'; this.parentNode.appendChild(f); f.method = 'POST'; f.action = this.href; var m = document.createElement('input'); m.setAttribute('type', 'hidden'); m.setAttribute('name', '_method'); m.setAttribute('value', 'delete'); f.appendChild(m);f.submit(); };return false;">Delete Image</a>

JavaScript: R3

<a href="/images/9" rel="nofollow" data-method="delete" data-confirm="Are you sure?">Delete Image</a>

link_to "Delete Image", @image, :confirm => "Are you sure?", :method => :delete

XSS Safety

XSS Safety: R2

<%= h safe_value %>

<%= unsafe_value %>

XSS Safety: R3

<%= safe_value %>

<%= raw unsafe_value %>

Routing

Routing: R2

map.connect 'products/:id', :controller => 'catalog', :action => 'view'

map.resources :products do |products| products.resources :comments products.resources :sales, :collection => { :recent => :get }end

Routing: R3

match 'products/:id' => 'catalog#view'

resources :products do resources :comments resources :sales do get :recent, :on => :collection endend

• Cleaner ActionMailer

• ActiveRecord lazy queries

• ...

First OnlineRailsConf

http://bit.ly/online-railsconf-slides

APIs as Glue

Railties

The Extension APIfor Rails

Decouplinghttp://yehudakatz.com/2009/07/19/rails-3-the-great-decoupling/

Decoupling

ActionView

ActionControllerActiveRecord

http://yehudakatz.com/2009/07/19/rails-3-the-great-decoupling/

Decoupling

ActionViewActionController ActiveRecord

Decoupling

ActionDispatch

AbstractController

Decoupling

ActionDispatch

AbstractController

Decoupling

ActionViewActionController

View Context

ActiveRecord

ActionDispatch

AbstractController

Decoupling

ActionView

ActiveModel

ActionController

View Context

ActiveRecord

Encapsulatewhat varies

Railties:Configuration encapsulated

Initialization Generators

Rake Tasks Logging Events

Railtie Elements

Example

require 'rails/railtie'

class MemCacheClusterRailtie < Rails::Railtie initializer :setup_mem_cache_cluster do |app| app.config.cache_store = [ :mem_cache_store, 'cache1:11211', 'cache2:11211'] endend

Rails’ Railties

ActionController::Railtie

ActionDispatch::Railtie

ActiveRecord::Railtie

ActionMailer::Railtie

Rails::Railtie

Rails::Application

Init: Rails 2def process Rails.configuration = configuration

check_ruby_version install_gem_spec_stubs set_load_path add_gem_load_paths

require_frameworks set_autoload_paths add_plugin_load_paths load_environment preload_frameworks

initialize_encoding initialize_database

initialize_cache initialize_framework_caches

initialize_logger initialize_framework_logging

initialize_dependency_mechanism initialize_whiny_nils

initialize_time_zone initialize_i18n

initialize_framework_settings initialize_framework_views

initialize_metal

add_support_load_paths

check_for_unbuilt_gems

load_gems load_plugins

# pick up any gems that plugins depend on add_gem_load_paths load_gems check_gem_dependencies

# bail out if gems are missing - note that check_gem_dependencies will have # already called abort() unless $gems_rake_task is set return unless gems_dependencies_loaded

load_application_initializers

# the framework is now fully initialized after_initialize

# Setup database middleware after initializers have run initialize_database_middleware

# Prepare dispatcher callbacks and run 'prepare' callbacks prepare_dispatcher

# Routing must be initialized after plugins to allow the former to extend the routes initialize_routing

# Observers are loaded after plugins in case Observers or observed models are modified by plugins. load_observers

# Load view path cache load_view_paths

# Load application classes load_application_classes

# Disable dependency loading during request cycle disable_dependency_loading

# Flag initialized Rails.initialized = trueend

Init: Rails 2

def process Rails.configuration = configuration

check_ruby_version install_gem_spec_stubs set_load_path add_gem_load_paths

require_frameworks set_autoload_paths add_plugin_load_paths load_environment preload_frameworks

initialize_encoding initialize_database

initialize_cache initialize_framework_caches

initialize_logger initialize_framework_logging

initialize_dependency_mechanism initialize_whiny_nils

initialize_time_zone initialize_i18n

initialize_framework_settings initialize_framework_views

initialize_metal

add_support_load_paths

check_for_unbuilt_gems

load_gems load_plugins

# pick up any gems that plugins depend on add_gem_load_paths load_gems check_gem_dependencies

# bail out if gems are missing - note that check_gem_dependencies will have # already called abort() unless $gems_rake_task is set return unless gems_dependencies_loaded

load_application_initializers

# the framework is now fully initialized after_initialize

# Setup database middleware after initializers have run initialize_database_middleware

# Prepare dispatcher callbacks and run 'prepare' callbacks prepare_dispatcher

# Routing must be initialized after plugins to allow the former to extend the routes initialize_routing

# Observers are loaded after plugins in case Observers or observed models are modified by plugins. load_observers

# Load view path cache load_view_paths

# Load application classes load_application_classes

# Disable dependency loading during request cycle disable_dependency_loading

# Flag initialized Rails.initialized = trueend

Init: Rails 3

class Rails::Application def initialize! run_initializers(self) self endend

rails newapp --skip-activerecord

ActiveRecord::Railtie is not loaded

No AR-related config or generators

• Modify configuration/init

• Add Rake tasks

• Add generators

Use Railtie to:

• Deserves a talk by itself

• HTTP request pipeline API

• See Ryan Tomayko’s slides from Online RailsConf

ActiveModel

codifies contractbetween

controllerand model

class Model def to_model; ...; end def to_key; ...; end def to_param; ...; end def valid?; ...; end def persisted?; ...; end def self.model_name; ...; end def errors; ...; endend

Contract

class ModelLintTest < Test::Unit::TestCase def setup @model = Model.new end

include ActiveModel::Lint::Testsend

Validations

class SimpleModel include ActiveModel::Validations

# => Model#valid?, Model#errors # plus validation frameworkend

class IceCream include ActiveModel::Validations attr_accessor :flavour validates_presence_of :flavourend

ic = IceCream.newic.valid? # => falseic.errors.full_messages # => ["Flavour can't be blank"]

ic.flavour = "vanilla"ic.valid? # => true

ActiveModel::Callbacks - before/after hooksActiveModel::Dirty - dirty attribute trackingActiveModel::Errors - #errorsActiveModel::Serialization - #to_xml, #to_json, etc.ActiveModel::Translation - I18n for model attributesActiveModel::Validations - Full validations framework

See ActiveModel RDoc comments for more info

AMo Modules

Putting it together

Explore Rails 3for yourself!

Photo Credits

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/henrybloomfield/2615837191/

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/mountainbread/2528179567/

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/aai/3712515230/

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/mikeschinkel/2703438152/

nick sieger-exploring rails 3 through choices

products products

rails app

rails console

rails command

rails newapp

rails railtiesactioncontroller

skip activerecord files

rails h usage

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