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FORM-1, COMPLIANCE OF TOR, EIA/AMP REPORT
“Category 5 (f) – A”
(Synthetic Resin industry)
OF
NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES
Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate,
Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Vil. Changodar,
Ta. Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad-382 213
Proposed Capacity: Synthetic Resin production up to 2300 MT/Month.
Project Cost: Rs. 402.10 Lac
Study Period – Post Monsoon
Authorized Signatory: Mr. Nirav K. Pathak (Partner)
E-mail: nirav3580@yahoo.com
Mobile no.: 98243 23130
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES An IS0 9001 :2008 Certified Company Empanelled Environmental Consultant
with RSPCB and NABET accreditation listed at serial no. 42) LB-6, Lower Ground Floor, Corporate Park,
Gopal Bari, Ajmer Road, Jaipur, Rajasthan – 302 001 Phone No.:- 0141-4013996, 4016996, 4026996 Fax No. - 0141-4026996
Website:- www.enkavenviro.com Email id:- info@enkavenviro.com
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries
Document No. EESPL/NCI/001/355-EC/Ind./2013
i
NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES – PROPOSED EXPANSION PROJECT OF SYNTHETIC RESIN MANUFACTURING UNIT PLOT NO. 44/1, CHANGODAR INDUSTRIAL ESTATE,
SARKHEJ-BAWLA HIGHWAY, VIL. CHANGODAR, TA. SANAND, DIST. AHMEDABAD, GUJARAT.
S. No. Contents
1. FORM-I 1-20 2. EIA-EMP REPORT 21-217
SECTION -I INTRODUCTION 21-43
1.0 PREAMBLE 22 1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION ON CHEMICAL & RESIN
INDUSTRY 23
1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE PROCESS 24 1.3 COMPLIANCE TO TERMS OF REFERENCE 26-35 1.4 GENERIC STRUCTURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
ASSESSMENT DOCUMENTS 36
1.5 POST ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE MONITORING 36 1.6 JUSTIFICATION OF PROJECT 37 1.7 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT 38 1.8 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 38 1.9 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT 39 1.10 INFRASTRUCTURE 42 1.11 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT 42 1.12 SCOPE OF WORK 42
SECTION – II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 44-65 2.0 GENERAL 45 2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 46 2.2 PLANT LAYOUT 48 2.3 RAW MATERIAL 49 2.4 SOURCE OF RAW MATERIAL 50 2.5 CAPACITY OF THE PROJECT 50 2.6 WATER REQUIREMENT 51 2.7 POWER REQUIREMENT 52 2.8 SCHEDULE OF APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION 53 2.9 MAN POWER 53 2.10 MANUFACTURING PROCESS 53-65
SECTION – III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 66-107 3.0 GENERAL 67 3.1 STUDY AREA 673.2 LOCATION OF MONITORING STATION 68 3.3 LAND ENVIRONMENT 70-76 3.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT 77-79 3.5 AIR ENVIRONMENT 80-82 3.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 83-84 3.7 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 84-94 3.8 SOCIO- ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 94-107
SECTION – IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES
108-128
4.0 GENERAL 109 4.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT 109 4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT 110-120 4.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT 120-124
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries
Document No. EESPL/NCI/001/355-EC/Ind./2013
ii
4.4 SOLID WASTE 125 4.5 NOISE POLLUTION 126 4.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 127-128
SECTION – V ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (Technology and Site) 129-130 5.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES TECHNOLOGY AND
SITE 130
SECTION – VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 131-137 6.0 INTRODUCTION 132 6.1
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND REPORTING PROCEDURE
132
6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING CELL 133 6.3 MONITORING METHODS 136 6.4 REPORTING SCHEDULES OF THE MONITORING DATA 137 6.5 EXECUTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 137
SECTION – VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES 138-186 7.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION 139 7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT 139 7.2 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 140 7.3 HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION 141-155 7.4
STORAGE AND HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
155-158
7.5 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 158-167 7.6 OFF- SITE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN 168-174 7.7 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY 174-179 7.8 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 179-182
SECTION-VIII
PROJECT BENEFITS 183-185 8.0 PROJECT BENEFITS 184 8.1 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 184 8.2 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 184 8.3
EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL –SKILLED; SEMI-SKILLED AND UNSKILLED
184
8.4 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS 185 SECTION-IX ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS 186-187
9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFITS ANALYSIS 187 SECTION-X ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 188-198
10.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 188-198 SECTION-XI SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 199-214
11.0 INTRODUCTION 200 11.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 203 11.2 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 204 11.3
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
206
11.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 209 11.5 PROJECT BENEFITS 21111.6
ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING OPERATION PHASE
211
11.7 CONCLUSIONS 214 SECTION-XII DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT 215-217
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries
Document No. EESPL/NCI/001/355-EC/Ind./2013
iii
***************
INDEX OF TABLE
LIST OF ANNEXURES I THE LAND REGISTRY DOCUMENT (COPY OF INDEX-2) 218-219 II THE LAST NOC AND CONSENT OF THE GPCB 220-228 III COPY OF TERMS OF REFERENCE ISSUED FROM MOE&F 229-232 IV TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP SHOWING 10 KM RADIUS 233 V HYDROLOGY MAP OF THE STUDY AREA 234 VI LAND USE/LAND COVER MAP 235 VII MONITORING DATA OF AIR, WATER, NOISE, SOIL 236-249
TABLE NO.
CONTENT PAGE NO.
1.1 LIST OF PROMOTERS/PARTNERS 38 2.1 LAND USE BREAK-UP 48 2.2 CATEGORY WISE WATER CONSUMPTION 51
3.1 MONITORING LOCATIONS 68 3.2 CLASSIFICATION OF LULC IN STUDY AREA 75 3.3 SOIL MONITORING RESULTS 76 3.4 WATER ANALYSIS REPORT 78 3.5 MICRO METEOROLOGICAL DATA FOR THE STUDY PERIOD AT PROJECT SITE 80 3.6 FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION 80 3.7 SUMMARY OF AMBIENT AIR MONITORING 82
3.8 AMBIENT NOISE MONITORING RESULTS 83 3.9 FLORAL SPECIES IN THE STUDY AREA 86
3.10 LISTS OF BIRDS IN THE STUDY AREA WITH ITS DISTRIBUTION AND
MIGRATORY STATUS
90
3.11 MAMMALS FROM THE STUDY AREA 94
3.12 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA 99 3.13 DISTRIBUTIONS OF WORKERS IN THE STUDY AREA 102
3.14 DETAILS OF BASIC AMENITIES AVAILABLE IN THE STUDY AREA 105
4.1 STACK EMISSION DETAILS 113
4.2 PREDICTED 24-HOURLY SHORT TERM INCREMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS 113
4.3 DETAILS OF INCREMENTAL CONCENTRATION OF POLLUTANTS ON SENSITIVE LOCATIONS LIKE HABITATIONS
114
4.4 CO-EFFICIENT OF RUNOFF/IMPERMEABILITY FACTOR [C] 123 4.5 RUN OFF (DISCHARGE) CALCULATION 123
4.6 CALCULATION FOR TOTAL ANNUAL RECHARGE THROUGH RAINWATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE
124
4.7 THE ANTICIPATED QUANTITIES OF HAZARDOUS WASTE 125 6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING DURING OPERATIONAL PHASE 136
7.1 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS STORED, TRANSPORTED AND HANDLED 140
7.2 CATEGORY WISE SCHEDULE OF STORAGE TANKS 141
7.3 PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS USED IN THE PLANT 141
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries
Document No. EESPL/NCI/001/355-EC/Ind./2013
iv
7.4 PRELIMINARY HAZARD ANALYSIS FOR STORAGE AREAS 142
7.5 PRELIMINARY HAZARD ANALYSIS FOR THE WHOLE PLANT IN GENERAL 142
7.6 FIRE EXPLOSION AND TOXICITY INDEX 143
7.7 DAMAGE DUE TO INCIDENT RADIATION INTENSITIES 145
7.8 RADIATION EXPOSURE AND LETHALITY 145
7.9 SCENARIOS CONSIDERED FOR MCA ANALYSIS 146
7.10 PROPERTIES OF CHEMICALS CONSIDERED FOR MODELING 146
7.11 OCCURRENCE OF VARIOUS RADIATION INTENSITIES- POOL FIRE 147
7.12 HAZARDOUS EVENTS CONTRIBUTING TO ON-SITE FACILITY RISK 148
7.13 OFF-SITE ACTION PLAN 151
7.14 RADIATION INTENSITIES FROM POOL FIRE DURING FAILURE OF ACETIC ANHYDRIDE TANK
153
7.15 HAZARDOUS EVENTS CONTRIBUTING TO ON-SITE FACILITY RISK 154
7.16 OFF-SITE ACTION PLAN 171
10.1 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 190
10.2 RECOMMENDED PLANT SPECIES FOR PLANTATION 197
11.1 DETAILS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING 200
11.2 SALIENT FEATURES OF PROPOSED PLANT 203
11.3 MICRO METEOROLOGICAL DATA FOR THE STUDY PERIOD AT PROJECT SITE 204
11.4 SUMMARY OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY FOR ALL THE LOCATIONS 205
11.5 PREDICTED 24-HOURLY SHORT TERM INCREMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS 207
11.6 THE ANTICIPATED QUANTITIES OF HAZARDOUS WASTE 208
11.7 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 209
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries
Document No. EESPL/NCI/001/355-EC/Ind./2013
v
INDEX OF FIGURE
FIGURE NO.
CONTENT PAGE NO.
1.1 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE PROCESS CHARTS 25 1.2 TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP SHOWING THE PROJECT SITE AND 10 KM STUDY AREA 40 1.3 MAP SHOWING DISTANCE OF SEVERELY POLLUTED AREA FROM THE PROJECT
SITE 41
2.1 GOOGLE IMAGE SHOWING THE AREA WITHIN 10 KM RADIUS FROM THE PROJECT SITE
47
2.2 KEY PLAN & PLANT LAYOUT 49 2.3 WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM AFTER PROPOSED EXPANSION 52 3.1 GOOGLE IMAGE SHOWING THE MONITORING LOCATION WITHIN 5 KM RADIUS
FROM THE PROJECT SITE 69
3.2 HYDROLOGY MAP OF THE STUDY AREA 71 3.3 LULC MAP 74 3.4 WIND ROSE DIAGRAM (24 HRS) 81 3.5 POPULATION DENSITY OF THE STUDY AREA 101 3.6 EMPLOYMENT RATIO IN THE STUDY AREA 103 4.1 ISOPLETHS SHOWING MAXIMUM INCREMENTAL GROUND LEVEL
CONCENTRATIONS OF PM10 (POST MONSOON) 115
4.2 ISOPLETHS SHOWING MAXIMUM INCREMENTAL GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATIONS OF SO2 (POST MONSOON)
116
4.3 ISOPLETHS SHOWING MAXIMUM INCREMENTAL GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATIONS OF NOX (POST MONSOON)
117
4.4 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF SEPTIC TANK FOLLOWED BY SOAK PIT 122
4.5 SECTION VIEW OF SCHEMATIC DESIGN OF RAINWATER HARVESTING
STRUCTURE IN PREMISES
124
7.1 THREAT ZONE OF THERMAL RADIATION – XYLENE 148
7.2 THREAT ZONE OF CATASTROPHIC EXPLOSION- XYLENE. 150
7.3 THREAT ZONE OF TOXIC CONDITION- ACETIC ANHYDRIDE 151
7.4 THREAT ZONE OF THERMAL RADIATION – ACETIC ANHYDRIDE 152
7.5 THREAT ZONE OF CATASTROPHIC EXPLOSION- ACETIC ANHYDRIDE 154
7.6 ON-SITE EMERGENCY ORGANIZATION CHART 167
11.1 TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP SHOWING THE PROJECT SITE AND 10 KM STUDY AREA 202
FORM-1
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
FORM-I
F
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
APPENDIX I
(See Paragraph – 6)
FORM - I
I Basic Information
S. no.
Item : Details
1. Name of the Project/s : Nirav Chemical Industries, a proposed expansion in
manufacturing capacity of synthetic Resin.
2. S. No. in the schedule : The proposed project is categorized under A of 5 (f)
{Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye
intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates excluding drug
formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic organic chemicals,
other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical
intermediates)} column 3 as per the amendment dated
01.12.09 and 04.04.2011 of the EIA Notification of Sept. 14th
2006.
3. Proposed capacity/area/
length/tonnage to be handled
/command area/lease area
/number of wells to be drilled
: Sr. No.
Name of Product/ By-Product
Production Capacity, TPM
Product (Synthetic Resin)
A-1 Unsaturated Polyester Resin 2000
A-2 Alkyd Resin
B-1 Saturated Polyester Resin
300 B-2 Epoxy Resin
B-3 Vinyl Ester Resin
By-Product
1. Methanol 63.0
The total land area available with Nirav Chemical Industries
is 2470 sq. m. The proposed expansion will be carried out
within the same premises.
The total fresh water requirement for existing unit is 11 KLD.
After proposed expansion, it will be increased up to 19.50
KLD. Presently entire water requirement is being met
through common infrastructure of industrial estate (estate’s
common bore well), whose source is ground water and
same source will be utilized after proposed expansion.
4. New / Expansion / Modernization
: Proposed project is expansion in the existing unit for the
manufacturing of various types and grades of Synthetic
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
Resin with the total production capacity of 2300 TPM.
5. Existing capacity/Area etc. : At present the unit is manufacturing synthetic resin (Epoxy
resin /polyester resin Epoxy hardener solution) with the
installed capacity of 2000 TPM by formulation activity
only. The area acquired by the unit is 2470.6 Sq. m.
6. Category of project i.e. 'A' or
'B'
: A
7. Does it attract the general
condition? If yes, please
specify.
: No.
8. Does it attract the specific
condition? If yes, please
specify.
: No.
9. Location Plot / Survey / Khasra no. : Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate,
Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Village / Town : Changodar Tehsil : Sanand District : Ahmedabad State : Gujarat
10. Nearest Railway station/Airport along with distance in KM.
: Railway station
Changodar Railway station at 1.0Km
towards West from project site.
Air Port International /Domestic Airport: Ahmedabad :
at 28 km towards NE from project site.
N.H. NH-8A which is about 0.5 km towards West
from project site.
11. Nearest Town, City, District Headquarters along with distance in kms.
: City Ahmedabad city at 22.0 km towards NE from project site.
District Headquarter
Ahmedabad district headquarters at 22.0 km towards NE from project site.
Nearest Town
Ahmedabad at 22.0 km towards NE from project site.
12. Village Panchayat, Zilla
Parishad, Municipal
Corporation, Local body
(Complete postal address with
telephone no. to be given)
: Changodar Gram Panchayat, PO- Changodar, Taluka: Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad - 382 213.
13. Name of the applicant : Mr. Nirav K. Pathak
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
14. Registered address : Nirav Chemical Industries
Plot no: 44/1,
Changodar Industrial Estate,
Sarkhej-Bavla Highway, Village: Changodar,
Ta: Sanand, Dist: Ahmedabad.
Pin: 382 213
15. Address for correspondence: Name : Mr. Nirav K. Pathak
Designation (Owner/ Partner /CEO)
: Partner
Address : Nirav Chemical Industries Plot no: 44/1,
Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bavla Highway, Village: Changodar, Ta: Sanand, Dist: Ahmedabad.
Pin Code : 382 213 E-mail : nirav3580@yahoo.com Telephone no. : (M) 98243 23130 Fax No. : --
16. Details of alternative sites
examined, if any. Location of
these sites should be shown
on a Toposheet.
: No alternative sites were examined because the proposed
expansion will be carried out within the existing unit
premises.
17. Interlinked projects : There is no interlinked project
18. Whether separate application
of interlinked project has been
submitted?
: Not applicable
19. If yes, date of submission : Not applicable 20. If no, reason : Not applicable 21. Whether the proposal involves
approval/Clearance under: if
yes, details of the same and
their status to be given.
(a) The Forest (Conservation) Act, (1980)?
(b) The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972?
(c) The C.R.Z. Notification, 1991?
: No
22. Whether there is any : No
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
Government Order/Policy relevant/relating to the site:
23. Forest land involved (hectares)
: There is no involvement of forest land
24. Whether there is any litigation
pending against the project
and/or land in which the
project is propose to be set
up?
(a) Name of the Court
(b) Case No.
(c) Orders/directions of the
court, if any and its
relevance with the
proposed project.
: No litigation is pending against the project applicant of this project in any court of law to the best of knowledge
25. Expected cost of the project : The existing project cost is about Rs 111.67 lac and
proposed project cost is estimated to be about Rs. 290.43
lac.
*Capacity corresponding to sectoral activity (such as production capacity for manufacturing, mining lease area and production capacity for mineral production, area for mineral exploration, length for linear transport infrastructure, generation capacity for power generation etc.,) II Activity 1. Construction, operation or decommissioning of the Project involving actions, which will
cause physical changes in the locality (topography, land use, changes in water bodies, etc.)
S. No.
Information/ Checklist confirmation
Yes/No
Details thereof (with approximate quantities /rates, wherever possible) with source of information data
1.1 Permanent or temporary
change on land use, land
cover or topography including
increase in intensity of land
use (with respect to local land
use plan)
No Since the proposed expansion of the project is coming
up in existing plant premises thus there will be no
change on land use, land cover or topography.
1.2 Clearance of existing land,
vegetation and buildings?
No As the proposed expansion will come within the existing
premises therefore no clearance of existing land,
building or vegetation will be carried out.
1.3 Creation of new land uses? No No new land use will be created as the proposed
expansion will be carried out within the existing plant
premises.
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
1.4 Pre-construction
investigations e.g. bore
houses, soil testing?
No --
1.5 Construction works? Yes Mainly fabrication & installation of new plant machineries
related work will be done within existing plant premises.
1.6 Demolition works? No No demolition work will be carried out
1.7 Temporary sites used for
construction works or
housing of construction
workers?
No There will be no temporary sites created as the labour
deployed will be local. Thus, there will be no housing
facility or temporary site required for the same.
Temporary storage yard will be provided for the storage
of construction material.
1.8 Above ground buildings,
structures or earthworks
including linear structures,
cut and fill or excavations
No As explained in point no. 1.5 above. The project will
involve excavation of soil during foundation purposes.
Excavation of soil will be very little or insignificant. All the
operation will be carried out in the existing plant so
change in locality due to expansion will be negligible
except localized changes in plant area.
1.9 Underground works including
mining or tunneling?
No No underground activity will be carried out
1.10 Reclamation works? No Not applicable
1.11 Dredging? No Not applicable
1.12 Offshore structures? No Not applicable
1.13 Production and
manufacturing processes?
No Manufacturing of Synthetic Resin using the latest
technology.
1.14 Facilities for storage of goods
or materials?
No All the raw Materials and Finished Product shall be
stored in Storage yards having proper flooring and
roofing.
1.15 Facilities for treatment or
disposal of solid waste or
liquid effluents?
No Solid waste:-
The main source of hazardous waste generation is
discarded bags/ containers from storage and handling of
raw materials and spent/used oil generation from plant
machinery. The ancillary source of hazardous waste
generation from existing as well as proposed
manufacturing activity is process waste. The assumed
quantity and proposed management of solid waste is
given in below table:
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
Waste Source
Type of waste
Quantity Physical Chemical
Form
Method of Disposal
Process Process Waste
5 MT
Solid organic
Collection, Storage
Transportation and disposal at safe TSDF site
Raw Material
Storage & Handling
DiscardedDrums/ bags
1 MT
Solid-Inorganic
Decontaminate and Reuse/
Sell
Plant and Machi-neries
Used / Spent
Oil
1.0 KL
Liquid- Organic
Collection, storage and
used as lubricant within the premises / sell to MoEF
approved Recycler/
reprocessors
Liquid Effluents:-
There will not be any effluent generation from the
manufacturing activity and about 1.1 waste water will be
generated from Cooling tower and Steam boiler, which
will be reused on land for gardening/plantation purpose
within premises. Hence the unit will maintain as "Zero
Effluent Discharge" and hence there will be no need of
any control measures.
The domestic effluent will be discharged to soak pit via
septic tank.
1.16 Facilities for long term
housing of operational
workers?
No There will be no provision made for workers within the
area as the labour employed will be from local area.
1.17 New road, rail or sea traffic
during construction or
operation?
No There will be very negligible traffic increase due to
proposed expansion and will not cause much change in
locality
1.18 New road, rail, air waterborne
or other transport
infrastructure including new
or altered routes and
stations, ports, airports etc?
No As the project site is having very well developed
infrastructure facilities. Therefore, there will not be any
need of new/altered transportation route/station
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
1.19 Closure or diversion of
existing transport routes or
infrastructure leading to
changes in traffic
movements?
No Due to the upcoming project, there will be no closure of
existing transport routes or infrastructures leading to
changes in traffic movements.
1.20 New or diverted transmission
lines or pipelines?
No Proposed expansion will be within existing premises and
no transmission lines/pipelines will be developed.
1.21 Impoundment, damming,
culverting, realignment or
other changes to the
hydrology of watercourses
or aquifers?
No No such activity is proposed
1.22 Stream crossings? No --
1.23 Abstraction or transfers of
water from ground or surface
waters?
Yes After expansion the total fresh water requirement will be
19.5 KLD, which will be procured from industrial estate
water supply system.
1.24 Changes in water bodies or
the land surface affecting
drainage or run-off?
No As the proposed project will be within the industrial
estate which does not carry any water bodies or natural
drainage.
1.25 Transport of personnel or
materials for construction,
operation or
decommissioning?
No 26 persons will be employed after proposed expansion.
Transportation of the raw materials and products to
desired destination will be carried out by PUC certified
trucks. Hence, the impact will be negligible.
1.26 Long-term dismantling or
decommissioning or
restoration works?
No Not applicable
1.27 Ongoing activity during
decommissioning which
could have an impact on the
environment?
No Not applicable
1.28 Influx of people to an area in
either temporarily or
permanently?
No During construction phase, there will be influx of semi-
skilled and unskilled labour from the nearby villages.
Local people based on their skill will be employed.
1.29 Introduction of alien species? No --
1.30 Loss of native species or
genetic diversity?
No Not concern
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
1.31 Any other actions? No --
2. Use of Natural resources for construction or operation of the Project (such as land,
water, materials or energy, especially any resources which are non-renewable or in
short supply):
Information/checklist
confirmation
Yes /
No
Details thereof (with approximate quantities /rates,
wherever possible) with source of information data
2.1 Land especially undeveloped
or agricultural land (ha)
No The proposed project will be carried out in total land area
of approx 2470 sq. m., Which is located in private
industrial estate of Changodar.
There will not be any need of additional undeveloped or
agricultural land.
2.2 Water (expected source &
competing users) unit: KLD
Yes After expansion the daily fresh water requirement will be
about 19.50 KLD, which will be taken from the Industrial
Estate Water Supply. After proposed expansion, about
1.0 KL will be used for Manufacturing process, 10.0 KLD
will be used for Cooling (make up), 1.0 KLD will be used
for Steam boiler, 1.0 KLD will be used for gardening in
unit premises & 6.5 KLD for domestic purposes in plant.
As per Guidelines issued by Central Ground Water
Authority, Ministry of Water Resources, New Delhi vide
Letter No. 21-4/Guidelines/CGWA/2009-832, Dated
14/10/2009, the unit falls under Over Exploited Area and
Ground water development in the region is greater than
100%. However, the water requirement of the plant is
19.5 KLD only, which does not exceed the limit of 25.0
KLD as per CGWA guidelines. Thus, it is not mandatory
for the unit to obtain permission from CGWA for the
abstraction of ground water through the private
suppliers.
2.3 Minerals (MT) No There is no major usage of minerals in the proposed
project except stones and grit required for building
construction.
2.4 Construction material –
stone, aggregates, sand / soil
(expected source – MT)
No The project site will have concrete work for
administration building, office, storage room etc. Timber
will be avoided in construction. The building materials
required will be coarse aggregate, fine aggregate,
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
structural steel, bricks etc. These will be procured from
local vendors.
2.5 Forests and timber (source –
MT)
No Wood will be required for doors, windows, furniture, etc.
For the proposed expansion project.
2.6 Energy including electricity
and fuels (source, competing
users) Unit: fuel (MT), energy
(MW)
No At present the total connected load of power is about 68
KW and one stand by D. G. Set (50 KVA) has been
installed. The total power requirement after the
proposed expansion is estimated to 135 KW which will
be fulfilled from the grid power supplied by Madhya
Gujarat Vij Company Ltd. (MGVCL). The unit will also
provide one additional D.G. Set (125 KVA) as a stand-by
to suffice the power requirement in case of main power
failure.
2.7 Any other natural resources
(use appropriate standard
units)
No --
3. Use, storage, transport, handling or production of substances or materials, which could
be harmful to human health or the environment or raise concerns about actual or
perceived risks to human health.
S.
No.
Information/Checklist
confirmation
Yes /
No
Details thereof (with approximate quantities/rates,
wherever possible) with source of information data
3.1 Use of substances or
materials, which are
hazardous (as per MSIHC
rules) to human health or the
environment (flora, fauna,
and water supplies)
Yes The storage, transport, handling, etc. of hazardous
substances shall be within the threshold limit as per
MSIHC.
List of Hazardous Substances / Chemicals used are:
Materials Hazardous
Properties
Xylene Flammable
Acetic Anhydride Flammable
Epoxy Resin Non-flammable
Bisphenol A flammable
Caustic Soda Non-flammable
Methacrylic Acid flammable
Di Butyl Tin Oxide Non-flammable
3.2 Changes in occurrence of No Not Envisaged
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
disease or affect disease
vectors (e.g. insect or water
borne diseases)
3.3 Affect the welfare of people
e.g. by changing living
conditions?
Yes By providing the employment to local peoples and
various proposed CSR activities there will be
developments in the localized area.
3.4 Vulnerable groups of people
who could be affected by the
project e.g. hospital patients,
children, the elderly etc.,
No --
3.5 Any other causes No --
4. Production of solid wastes during construction or operation or decommissioning
(MT/month)
S.No. Information/Checklist
confirmation
Yes /
No
Details thereof (with approximate quantities/rates,
wherever possible) with source of information data
4.1 Spoil, overburden or mine
wastes
No Not applicable
4.2 Municipal waste (domestic
and or commercial wastes)
Yes Not concerned
There will not be generation of municipal solid waste.
Quantity of commercial waste will be generated and sent
to TSDF site for final disposal.
4.3 Hazardous wastes (as per
Hazardous Waste
Management Rules)
Yes The details of hazardous wastes generation during
operation phase are as follow:
Type of waste
Cat. as per
HWMR Rules
Quantity, per Annum*
Physical-Chemical
Form
Method of Disposal E P T
Process Waste
23.1 3
MT 2
MT 5
MT Solid
organic
Collection, Storage
Transportation and disposal at safe TSDF site
DiscardedDrums/ bags
33.3 200 kg
800 Kg
1 MT
Solid-Inorganic
Decontaminate and
Reuse/ Sell
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Used / Spent
Oil 5.1
0.5 KL
0.5 KL
1.0 KL
Liquid- Organic
Collection, storage and
used as lubricant within the premises /
sell to MoEF approved Recycler/
reprocessors * E-Existing, P-Proposed Expansion, T-Total After Expansion
4.4 Other industrial process
wastes.
No Not Applicable.
4.5 Surplus product. No There will not be any surplus product.
4.6 Sewage sludge or other
sludge from effluent
treatment.
No Not Applicable.
4.7 Construction or demolition
wastes.
Yes Demolition Wastes: There is no demolition activity is
proposed; hence no demolition waste will be generated.
Construction Waste: Construction waste will be
generated out of which recyclable waste (metal) will be
sold to the vendors. The inert waste (brick, concrete,
masonry, aggregates etc.) will be used for making of
driveway and pathway within the site.
4.8 Redundant machinery or
equipment.
No All machinery / equipment will be installed as per
requirement, the items not required to be used will be
returned to the supplier.
4.9 Contaminated soils or other
materials.
No Not envisaged
4.10 Agricultural wastes. No Not envisaged
4.11 Other solid wastes. No Not envisaged
5. Release of pollutants or any hazardous, toxic or noxious substances to air (Kg/hr)
S.
No.
Information/Checklist
confirmation
Yes /
No
Details thereof (with approximate quantities/rates,
wherever possible) with source of information data
5.1 Emissions from combustion
of fossil fuels from stationary
or mobile sources.
Yes There will be emission from D.G. set, transportation,
Source Management
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Transportation PUC certified vehicles will be used;
plantation will be done at the
periphery of the proposed project
and local species will be planted.
20.12% area will be under green
cover.
D.G. set
(125 KVA)
The D.G. set will be provided with
adequate safe stack height of 9 m
from the ground level of the D.G.
house to regulate the emission within
the permissible norms.
5.2 Emissions from production
processes.
Yes There will be no any process emission generated from
the manufacturing process.
There will be following point source emissions after
proposed expansion
Thermic Fluid Boiler (3 nos.)
Steam Boiler (0.6 TPH) and
DG set (50KVA & 125 KVA), Stand-by
The emission from these sources and control measures
are given in below table:
S.No.
Source Duty Status Fuel Used
Pollutant Chimney Height Existing Proposed
1.
Thermic Fluid Heater - 1(3.0 Lac Kcal/Hr.)
Working Stand
by
Agro Waste /
White Coal/ Imported
Coal
Existing – 3.2
MT/Day
Proposed – 5.8
MT/Day
Total After Expansion
- 9.0 MT/Day
PM < 150
mg/Nm3
SO2 < 100 ppm
NOx < 50
ppm
22 (Common)
2. Thermic Fluid Heater - 2(6.0 Lac Kcal/Hr.)
N.A. Working
3. Thermic Fluid Heater - 3(6.0 Lac Kcal/Hr.)
N.A. Working
4. Steam Boiler (0.6 TPH)
N.A. Working
5. D.G. Set-1 (50 KVA)
Stand by Stand by Diesel 100
Liters/Day
9
6.D.G. Set-2
(125 KVA)Stand by Stand by 9
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
5.3 Emissions from materials
handling including storage or
transport
Yes
The fugitive emissions will be from vehicular traffic due
to transportation and material handling therefore only
PUC trucks will be used to minimize this effect.
Haul road emission rate due to transportation are given
below:-
PM10 0.07 kg/VKmT
PM 2.5 0.01 kg/VKmT
Exhaust gas emission rate due to transportation
CO 5.45 kg/VKmT
HC 0.78 kg/VKmT
NOx 5.0 kg/VKmT
5.4 Emissions from construction
activities including plant and
equipment
Yes Fugitive dusts from various activities of construction are
expected, which will be temporary in nature.
The fugitive dust emission sources are:
1.Construction operation
Construction operations are significant source of dust
emissions that may have a substantial temporary impact
on local air quality.
Particulate dust emissions from construction are a
function of total land disturbed and the volume of soil
excavated.
2.Road Construction
Particulate dust emissions from road construction
activities are function of the total land disturbed during
construction. The road constructed is used to estimate
the total area disturbed using conversion factors for area
disturbed/road constructed, as a function of road type.
5.5 Dust or odors from handling
of materials including
construction materials,
sewage and waste.
Yes Construction phase:-
During the construction of plant area/office area, dust
will be generated to the tune of 0.062 kg/sq.m./month*.
During the construction of road, same will be generated
to the tune of 0.027 kg/sq.m./month.
*Data based on one of the research study.
Operation phase:-
During manufacturing process, no dust and odour will be
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
generated.
5.6 Emissions from incineration
of waste
No No such activity is proposed
5.7 Emissions from burning of
waste in open air (e.g. slash
materials, construction
debris)
No No such activity is proposed
5.8 Emissions from any other
sources
No --
6. Generation of Noise and Vibration, and Emissions of Light and Heat:
S.
No.
Information/Checklist
confirmation
Yes/
No
Details thereof (with approximate quantities/rates,
wherever possible) with source of information data
6.1 From operation of equipment
e.g. engines, ventilation
plant, crushers
No The noise will be generated from operation of D.G. Sets,
compressors and pumps.
However, adequate noise and vibration control systems
such as equipment foundation pads, dampeners,
silencers, acoustic enclosures etc. and air Pre heater will
be provided.
Adequate measures like insulation will be provided for
control heat emission.
6.2 From industrial or similar
processes
Yes Major sources of noise pollution will be pumps,
operation plant machinery, compressors and D.G. set
etc. Following measures will be adopted to control the
noise and vibration:-
Optimum selection of machinery tools or equipment
reduces excess noise levels.
Vibrations will be monitored and will be controlled
appropriately.
Foundations and structures will be designed to
minimize vibrations and noise.
Installation of barriers between noise source and
receiver can attenuate the noise levels.
Necessary safety and personal protective equipment
such as ear plugs, ear muffs, helmet etc. will be
provided to the workers.
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
Noise levels generated will be maintained to comply
with the Factories Act & Rules and will not exceed 75
dB (A) at 1 m distance.
Implementation of green belt (20.12%) within the
premises of plant will help to absorb the noise.
The D.G. set is proposed to be housed in an inbuilt
acoustic enclosure.
Proper lubrication and housekeeping will be usually
done to avoid excessive noise generation.
Proper designed silencer and noise absorbent
acoustic paneling will be fitted with compartments of
machineries/ equipments & pumps, fans,
compressors that are designed for low speed.
Regular equipment maintenance and better work
habits will be adopted.
6.3 From construction and
demolition
No The construction activities are source of noise pollution.
Noise will be generated from the operation of
machineries.
Name of source Noise Level at 16 m (50
ft) from Source in db
(A)
Noise level at 10m from source (calculated) in
dB (A)
Concrete mixer truck
85 109
Concrete pumpers 70 94 Concrete Vibrators 77 101 Dump truck 83 107 Generator Not
considered 75
(as prescribed byCPCB)
6.4 From blasting or piling No --
6.5 From construction or
operational traffic
No During the construction phase, noise will be generated
from movement of vehicles, earth work, etc. The
construction site will be shielded to avoid the noise
propagation and transportation of the material &
machineries will be carried out at the peak time of the
day.
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
During operation phase, raw material and products will
be transported at the peak time of the day.
PUC checked vehicle will be used for transportation
purposes.
20.12% of plant area will be under green cover with local
plant and trees species, which in turn would help
reducing the noise levels.
6.6 From lighting or cooling
systems
No No, Significant contribution of noise/vibration will be from
cooling towers
6.7 From any other sources No --
7. Risks of contamination of land or water from releases of pollutants into the
ground or into sewers, surface waters, groundwater, coastal waters or the sea:
S.
No.
Information/Checklist
confirmation
Yes/
No
Details thereof (with approximate quantities/rates,
wherever possible) with source of information data
7.1 From handling, storage, use
or spillage of hazardous
materials
Yes The raw materials used in process are classified under
hazardous chemicals rules. The chemicals handled will
be done systematically. Since, the use of these
chemicals is confined and the risk due to the same also
during consequences will be limited.
7.2 From discharge of sewage or
other effluents to water or the
land (expected mode and
place of discharge)
No Waste water generated from domestic purpose will be to
the tune of 5.2 KLD. The same will be treated in septic
tank followed by soak pit.
There will be no change in the physical environment as
zero discharge is proposed to be maintained.
7.3 By deposition of pollutants
emitted to air into the land or
into water
Yes Not envisaged.
7.4 From any other sources No No Envisaged
7.5 Is there a risk of long term
build up of pollutants in the
environment from these
sources?
Yes No Envisaged
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
8. Risk of accidents during construction or operation of the Project, which could affect
human health or the environment
S.
No.
Information/Checklist
confirmation
Yes/
No
Details thereof (with approximate quantities/rates,
wherever possible) with source of information data
8.1 From explosions, spillages,
fires etc from storage,
handling, use or production of
hazardous substances
Yes All types of hazardous substances shall be suitably
stored in tankages of proper MOCS, adequate safety
precautions will be taken and necessary safety gadgets
shall also be installed as per requirement of safety.
8.2 From any other causes No Common risk in factories such as
Electric shock
Factory explosion
Fire
Hot work such as welding & cutting
8.3 Could the project be affected
by natural disasters causing
environmental damage (e.g.
floods, earthquakes,
landslides, cloudburst etc)?
No However, the unit will be designed and constructed
considering the impact of floods, earthquakes etc.
9. Factors which should be considered (such as consequential development) which could
lead to environmental effects or the potential for cumulative impacts with other existing
or planned activities in the locality
S.
No.
Information/Checklist
confirmation
Yes /
No
Details thereof (with approximate quantities/rates,
wherever possible) with source of information data
9.1 Lead to development of
supporting cities, ancillary
development or development
stimulated by the project
which could have impact on
the environment e.g.:
Supporting infrastructure
(roads, power supply,
waste or waste water
treatment, etc.)
housing development
extractive industries
supply industries
No As the proposed project is located within private
industrial estate of Changodar Industrial Area of Ta:
Sanand, which is well developed in terms of supporting
infrastructure, housing and industries etc.
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
other
9.2 Lead to after use of the site,
which could have an impact
on environment
No Not Concerned
9.3 Set a precedent for later
developments
No Not Concerned
9.4 Have cumulative effects due
to proximity to other existing
or planned projects with
similar effects
No Not Concerned
II Environmental Sensitivity (within 15 km radius) –
S.
No.
Areas Name/
Identity
Aerial distance (within 15kms) proposed project
location boundary.
1 Areas protected under
international conventions,
national or local legislation for
their ecological, landscape,
cultural or other related value
None Not Concerned
2 Areas which are important or
sensitive for ecological
reasons - Wetlands,
watercourses or other water
bodies, coastal zone,
biospheres, mountains, forests
None Not Concerned
3 Areas used by protected,
important or sensitive
species of flora or fauna for
breeding, nesting, foraging,
resting, over wintering,
migration.
None Not Concerned
4 Inland, coastal, marine or
underground waters
None Not Concerned
5 State, National boundaries None Not Concerned
6 Routes or facilities used by the Railway Station:
Changodar : @ 1.0 Km West aerially
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
public for access to recreation
or other tourist, pilgrim areas
International Domestic Airport
Ahmedabad : @ 28 Km NE aerially
National Highway
NH – 8A : @ 0.5 Km West aerially
7 Defense installations None --
8 Densely populated or built-up
area
Changodar @ 1.0 KM away from project site
Ahmedabad 22.0 KM NE away from the project site
9 Areas occupied by sensitive
man-made land uses
(hospitals, schools, places of
worship, community facilities)
Hospitals,
recreational
places,
temples,
shops,
educational
institution
facilities are
well
developed in
Ahmedabad
8 km towards North-East from the site
10 Areas containing important,
high quality or scarce
resources (ground water
resources, surface resources,
forestry, agriculture, fisheries,
tourism, minerals)
None --
11 Areas already subjected to
pollution or environmental
damage. (those where existing
legal environmental standards
are exceeded)
Yes The project site is located in Ahmedabad
District, which falls at about 10.8 Km in WSW
from Piplej Village and 14.7 Km in WSW from
Narol Industrial Area. A map showing location
of project site in Ahmedabad District and
indicating distance form Piplej Village and
Narol Industrial Area.
12 Areas susceptible to natural
hazard which could cause the
project to present
environmental problems
(earthquakes, subsidence,
Site falls in
Ahmedabad
District
As per the earth quake sensitivity index the unit
is situated in area – III category and
considering the same unit will be designed.
There is no other threat for the natural hazard.
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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I
landslides, erosion, flooding
or extreme or adverse climatic
conditions)
"I hereby give undertaking that the data and information given in the application and
enclosure are true to the best of my knowledge and belief and I am aware that if any
part of the data and information submitted is found to be false or misleading at any
stage, the project will be rejected and clearance give, if any to the project will be
revoked at our risk and cost.
Date:
Place: Mr. Nirav K. Pathak(Partner)
Nirav Chemical IndustriesPlot no: 44/1,
Changodar Industrial Estate,Sarkhej-Bavla Highway,
Village: Changodar,Ta: Sanand, Dist: Ahmedabad.
EIA-EMP REPORT
SECTION I
INTRODUCTION
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-I Introduction
Enkay Enviro Services, Jaipur 23
SECTION-I
INDEX
S. No. Particulars Page No.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.0 PREAMBLE 24
1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION ON CHEMICAL & RESIN INDUSTRY 25
1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE 26
1.3 COMPLIANCE TO TERMS OF REFERENCE 27-36
1.4 GENERIC STRUCTURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
ASSESSMENT DOCUMENTS
36
1.5 POST ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE MONITORING 37
1.6 JUSTIFICATION OF PROJECT 37
1.7 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT 38
1.8 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 39
1.9 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT 39
1.10 INFRASTRUCTURE 42
1.11 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT 42
1.12 SCOPE OF WORK 42
*************
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-I Introduction
Enkay Enviro Services, Jaipur 24
INTRODUCTION
1.0 PREAMBLE
The word “Environment” is defined to include everything external to man /organism. It covers
the region, surroundings, or circumstances in which anything exists. Environment is an
important and essential part of the development. It plays an essential role in overall
development of the country. Development, which keeps environment with itself, called
sustainable development. Today, environment is degrading and exploiting by many ways. Thus,
the Ministry of Environment & Forest (MoE&F) had formulated its policies & rules and made new
policies & rules regarding operation of the industries to achieve sustainable development and to
prevent slapdash exploitation of natural resources. Gazette Notification (14th Sept. 2006 and
subsequent amendment) is the part of it.
Preparation of Environment Impact Assessment report is now essential for similar kind of
industrial Project. An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an assessment of the possible
impact—positive or negative—that a proposed project may have on the environment, together
consisting of the natural, social and economic aspects.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a tool used to identify the environmental, social and
economic impacts of a project prior to decision-making. It is said to be the instruments through
which the environmental management tries to accomplish its objective. It aims to predict
environmental impacts at an early stage in project planning and design, find ways and means to
reduce adverse impacts, shape projects to suit the local environment and present the
predictions and options to decision-makers.
By using EIA both environmental and economic benefits can be achieved, such as reduced cost
and time of project implementation and design, avoided treatment/clean-up costs and impacts of
laws and regulations.
The key elements of an EIA are (a) Scoping: identify key issues and concerns of interested
parties; (b) Screening: decide whether an EIA is required based on information collected; (c)
Identifying and evaluating alternatives: list alternative sites and techniques and the impacts
of each; (d) Mitigating measures submitting with uncertainty: review proposed action to
prevent or minimize the potential adverse effects of the project; and (e) Issuing environmental
statements: report the findings of the EIA.
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-I Introduction
Enkay Enviro Services, Jaipur 25
1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION ON CHEMICAL & RESIN INDUSTRY
Chemical industry is one of the oldest industries in India. Volume of Production in chemical
industry positions India as third largest producer in Asia (next to China and Japan), and twelfth
largest in the world. The chemical industry accounts for about 13% share in the manufacturing
output and around 5% in total exports of the country. The chemical industry contributes around
20% of national revenue by way of various taxes.
Composites industry in India after recording impressive growth during last 5 years is now poised
for a take-off. In the past few years the industry has witnessed a growth rate of more than 15%.
Many international companies have maintained a regional base in India, taking advantage of the
territory's well-established business infrastructure. India now has global players in both the
material supply chain as well as fabricators. It gives leeway to the companies to explore both
the domestic market as well as supply the world market with products made in India.
Gujarat is the major contributor to the chemical industries. Chemical industry produces both
inorganic chemicals and organic chemicals, including bulk petrochemicals, other chemical
intermediates, plastic resins, synthetic resins, synthetic rubber, man-made fibers, dyes and
pigments, printing inks etc. The industry, comprising both small scale and large units (including
MNCs) produces several thousands of products.
Resin is a natural or synthetic compound that begins in a highly viscous state and hardens with
treatment. Typically, it is soluble in alcohol, but not in water. The compound is classified in a
number of different ways, depending on its exact chemical composition and potential uses.
Natural resin comes from plants. Humans have been using natural resins for thousands of
years. It has been used to seal boats, mummies, food containers. It has also been used as a
component in varnish, lacquer, inks, perfumes, jewelry and many other objects. With human
technological advances came the realization that this material could be formulated
into polymers, and the discovery of synthetic resins followed shortly after. For the most part,
polymers made with “resins” are actually made with synthetics, which are cheaper and easier to
refine. Synthetic varieties are much more stable, predictable, and uniform than natural ones as
well, since they are made under controlled conditions without the possibility of the introduction
of impurities.
The synthetic resin industry is quite mature and is predominantly characterized by well-known
and established products, applications and processes. The main applications are in FRP,
transportation vehicles, pipes, tanks, consumer goods, marine accessories, paints and coating,
electrical and electronics, construction, wind turbine, adhesive, etc. Resin market is expected to
grow in near future because of new applications and demands. As wind energy and construction
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-I Introduction
Enkay Enviro Services, Jaipur 26
market have shown highest growth in last few years. Over the next 5 years, total resin
consumption across the globe is expected to continue strong growth momentum at 6.3%.
1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE PROCESS
The proposed project fall under Category: 5(f)-A as per the Environmental Impact Assessment
notification, dated 14/09/06 and further amended vide SO-3067 (E) dated 01/12/09 of Ministry
Of Environment And Forest (MoEF), New Delhi and hence requires prior environmental
clearance from Ministry of Environment & Forest (MoEF), New Delhi. The rapid EIA studies are
carried out as a part of process to obtain Environmental Clearance Certificate for the proposed
project.
The process for obtaining Environmental Clearance for the proposed projects as per EIA
Notification – 2006 is as under:-
Fig 1.1 Environmental clearance process chart
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-I Introduction
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1.3 COMPLIANCE TO TERMS OF REFERENCE
The application for the Environmental Clearance for proposed expansion project of Nirav
Chemical Industries for the manufacturing of Synthetic Resin has been submitted to the Ministry
of Environment & Forests dated 13/12/2010. Subsequently the presentation has been
conducted regarding the proposed project and TOR at MoEF, New Delhi on 24/03/2011 and
MoEF has issued TOR on dated 03/05/2011 vide letter no. J-11011/85/2011-IA II (I). The point
raised in the TOR issued by MOE&F is attended as under:-
TOR
Ref.
POINTS MENTIONED IN TOR
ISSUED BY MoEF IMPLEMANTAATION /PLAN
1. Executive summary of the project The summary of the project is given in Section XI of EIA/EMP report.
2. Justification of the project Synthetic Organic Resin are used widely for 1) To manufacture FRP/Composite Raw Materials 2) To manufacture Paints and coatings 3) To manufacture adhesive 4) For Textile sizing Volume consumption of Synthetic Organic Resin is estimated to be around 900,000 to 1,000,000 tons per year. The market has been growing at about 15% per year in both value and volume terms. There is a quite considerable gap between supply and demand. Very few players are in the market who can offer continuous supply. The company wants to bridge this gap between demand and supply by expanding the production capacity and thereby, making good business.
3. Promoters and their back ground The promoters background is given in details in EIA/EMP report in Section- I, Point no. 1.7
4. Regulatory framework The unit is an existing unit and in operation since 2011.
The unit has obtained DIC certificate vide letter no. DIC/RAJ/EM/Part-2/382, dated 19/01/2011 for manufacturing Aromatic Chemicals Indole to the tune of 24 TPA.
The land registry document (Copy of Index-2) has been obtained. The copy of same is enclosed as Annexure-I.
5. A map indicating location of the A critically polluted area Village Piplej & Narol,
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-I Introduction
Enkay Enviro Services, Jaipur 28
project and distance from severely polluted area
Ahmedabad (Narol Industrial Area) falls at about 10.8 Km & 14.7 Km respectively from the project site. A map showing distance between Project Site and Narol Industrial Area in Ahmedabad is shown in Figure 1.3, Section-I of EIA/EMP report.
6. Project location and plant layout The project site is located at Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Vil. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad and site falls in geological survey of India of Toposheet No. F43/G-5 (46/B-5). Point 1.9 in the same Section I is about Project location and Topographical Map showing the project site and 10 km study area is enclosed as Annexure- IV. The plant layout is given in Point 2.2 of Section II.
7. Infrastructure facilities including power sources
Point 1.10 in the same Section I is about infrastructure facilities available and details about water source and power source is given in Point 2.6 & Point 2.7 of Section II respectively
8. Total cost of the project along with total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental pollution control measures
The existing project cost is about 111.67 lakh and proposed project cost is estimated at Rs. 290.43 lakh. About Rs. 15 lakh is estimated for the environment protection measures each as capital cost and for annual recurring cost.
9. Project site location along with site map of 10 km area and site details providing various industries, surface water bodies, forests etc
Topographical Map showing the project site and 10 km study area is enclosed as Annexure- IV.
10. Present land use based on satellite imagery for the study area of 10 km radius
The land use/Land cover analysis based on satellite imagery has been described in EIA/EMP report in Section- III, point no. 3.3.4
11. Location of National Park / Wild life sanctuary / Reserve Forest within 10 km radius of the project
There is no protected area notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act (1972) & Eco - sensitive area notified under Section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act – 1986 within 10 Km radius areas from the Plant Site. The copy of Topographical map showing the same is enclosed as Annexure- IV.
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-I Introduction
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12. Details of the total land and break-up of the land use for green belt and other uses
Particular Area
(Sq. m) Percentage
(%) Administrative Area & Lab
125.00 5.06
Green Belt 497.00 20.12 Store & Labour Room 146.00 5.91 Raw Material & Product Storage and Handling Area
485.60 19.66
Process Plant 492.20 19.93 Utility 242.00 9.80 Hazardous Waste storage Area
30.20 1.22
Open or Road Side Area 452.00 18.30 Total 2470.00 100.00
Detailed break-up of the land use is given in EIA/EMP report in Section- II, Table: 2.1
13. List of products along with the production capacities
The list of products has been mentioned in EIA/EMP report , Section- II, Point no. 2.5
Product Production
Capacity, TPM
Unsaturated Polyester Resin 2000
Alkyd Resin Saturated Polyester Resin
300 Epoxy Resin Vinyl Ester Resin By-Product Methanol 63.0
14. Detailed list of raw material required and source, mode of storage and transportation
The details of raw material requirements, source and transportation has been mentioned in Section- II, point no. 2.3 & 2.4 of EIA/EMP report.
15. Manufacturing process details along with the chemical reactions and process flow chart
The manufacturing process along with mass balance and reactions has been mentioned in Section- II, point no. 2.10 of EIA/EMP report.
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16. Site-specific micro-meteorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall is necessary
The metrological data has been collected from IMD for the nearest observatory at Ahmedabad. The summary of the site specific metrological data is as follows:
Parameter Max Min Temperature (0C) 29.9 19.2 Relative Humidity (%) 96 20 Wind Speed (m/sec) 10 0.56 Rainfall (in) 0.00 Predominant direction Blowing from NE to SW
17. Ambient air quality monitoring at 6 locations within the study area of 5 km., aerial coverage from project site as per NAAQES notified on 16th September, 2009. Location of one AAQMS in downwind direction
The ambient air monitoring at 6 locations within 5 km has been done by NABL Approved Laboratory. The copy of the same is enclosed as Annexure- VII. The details of AAQ Monitoring station is given below:-
Location Code
Location Name GPS Coordinates
Direction w.r.t Project Site
Distances w.r.t Project Site (km)
S1 Project Site 22°55'43.72"N 72°27'11.76"E
-- --
S2 Vishalpur 22°54'43.06"N 72°29'14.86"E
ESE / 118° 3.95 Km
S3 Changodar Industrial Area
22°55'24.82"N 72°26'44.14"E
SW / 230° 0.95 Km
S4 Tajpur 22°54'10.49"N 72°27'00.32"E
S / 190° 2.88 Km
S5 Changodar 22°55'51.92"N 72°26'48.02"E
W / 280° 0.80 Km
S6 Navapura 22°56'53.32"N 72°26'56.35"E
NNW / 340° 2.17 Km
18. One season site-specific micro-meteorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall and AAQ data (except monsoon) for PM10, SO2, NOX including VOCs should be collected. The monitoring stations should take into account the pre-dominant wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests. Data for water and noise monitoring should also be included.
The One season monitoring data has been collected during Post monsoon-2012. The copy of same is enclosed as Annexure VII. The summary of Ambient Air Monitoring Data is given below:-
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Locations
PM10
g/m3 PM2.5
g/m3 SO2
g/m3 NOx g/m3
VOCas Benzeneg/m3 Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min
S1-Project Site 84.6 67.1 32.5 19.2 27.8 22.1 21.2 14.3 BDL
S2-Vishalpur 72.9 54.3 26.6 16.8 20.4 15.2 21.9 13.2 BDL
S3-Changodar Industrial Area
91.2 73.2 42.5 26.5 31.5 25.6 21.9 16.6 BDL
S4-Tajpur 86.3 61.8 39.5 22.4 29.2 23.2 27.8 22.3 BDL
S5-Changodar 82.3 62.3 32.1 17.6 24.3 18.1 31.9 26.1 BDL
S6-Navapura 64.2 48.9 23.3 14.5 18.9 15.2 19.8 13.2 BDL
NAAQS* 100 60 80 80 5
19. Air pollution control measures proposed for the effective control of gaseous emissions within permissible limits
The air pollution control measures have been elaborated in Section- IV, point no. 4.2.3 in EIA/EMP report. The unit has installed Multi Cyclone Separator to TFH-1 and after proposed expansion the unit will install individual Multi cyclone separator followed by common Bag Filter to TFH-2 & 3 and Multi cyclone separator to steam boiler as an air pollution control measures to control the emission of particulate matter. Stack of adequate height will also be installed for all the point source for effective dispersion of gaseous emission.
20. Name of all the solvents to be used in the process and details of solvent recovery system
Not applicable.
21. Design details of ETP, incinerator, if any along with control of Dioxin & Furan, boiler, scrubbers/bag filters etc.
Not Applicable. As there is no effluent generation form the industrial activities.
22. Details of water and air pollution and its mitigation plan
The mitigation plan for water and air pollution has been elaborated in Section- IV point no. 4.2 and 4.3 respectively.
23. Action plan to control ambient air quality as per NAAQES Standards notified by the Ministry on 16th September, 2009
Action plan to control ambient air quality has been mentioned in Section- IV, point no. 4.2 of EIA/EMP report.
24. An action plan to control and monitor secondary fugitive emissions from all the sources as per the latest permissible limits issued by the Ministry vide
The mitigation measures and management plant for fugitive emission during construction phase and operation phase has been elaborated in Section- IV point no.4.2.3 of EIA/EMP report.
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G.S.R. 414(E) dated 30th May, 2008.
25. Determination of atmospheric inversion level at the project site and assessment of ground level concentration of pollutants from the stack emission based on site-specific meteorological features. Air quality modeling for proposed plant
The air quality modelling for the proposed plant has been elaborated in Section- IV, point no. 4.2.2. The Details of incremental concentration of various pollutants likely to be generated from the proposed project viz. PM10, SO2 and NOx and its resultant impact on sensitive locations like habitations has been elaborated in Table 4.2 & 4.3. The Isopleths Showing Maximum Incremental GLC are presented in Figure 4.1 to 4.3.
26. Permission for the drawl of 9.0 m3/day water from the industrial estate water supply. Water balance chart including quantity of effluent generated recycled and reused and discharged.
The daily fresh water demand after proposed expansion will be increased up to 19.5 KLD only, thus there is no requirement of CGWA permission. The water supply will be met through common infrastructure of industrial estate (estate’s common bore well). The water chart for the proposed project is given below:
27. Action plan for Zero Discharge of effluent should be included.
There will not be any effluent generation from the manufacturing activity and about 1.1 waste water
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will be generated from Cooling tower and Steam boiler, which will be reused on land for gardening/plantation purpose within premises. Hence the unit will maintain as "Zero Effluent Discharge."
28. Ground water quality monitoring minimum at 6 locations should be carried out. Geological features and Geo-hydrological status of the study area and ecological status (Terrestrial and Aquatic)
Ground water quality monitoring at 6 locations within 5 km has been done by NABL Approved Laboratory. The details of Monitoring station are given below and the analysis result has been described in Section-III, Point no. 3.4.2 of EIA/EMP report.
The Geological features and Geo-hydrological status of the study area has been described in EIA/EMP report Section-III, Point no. 3.3.2 and 3.4.1 respectively. The ecological status has been described in Section-III, Point no. 3.7 of EIA/EMP report.
Location Code
Location Name GPS Coordinates
Direction w.r.t Project
Site
Distances w.r.t Project Site (km)
S1 Project Site 22°55'43.72"N 72°27'11.76"E
-- --
S2 Vishalpur 22°54'43.06"N 72°29'14.86"E
ESE / 118° 3.95 Km
S3 Changodar Industrial Area
22°55'24.82"N 72°26'44.14"E
SW / 230° 0.95 Km
S4 Tajpur 22°54'10.49"N 72°27'00.32"E
S / 190° 2.88 Km
S5 Changodar 22°55'51.92"N 72°26'48.02"E
W / 280° 0.80 Km
S6 Navapura 22°56'53.32"N 72°26'56.35"E
NNW / 340° 2.17 Km
S7 NH-8A 22°55'54.64"N 72°26'59.51"E
WNW / 302° 0.5 Km
29. The details of solid and hazardous wastes generation, storage, utilization and disposal particularly related to the hazardous waste calorific value of hazardous waste and detailed characteristic of the hazardous waste. Action plan for the disposal of fly ash generated from boiler should be included.
The detail regarding the hazardous waste generation and its management has been mentioned in Section- IV, point no. 4.4. The anticipated quantity of hazardous waste with its management is given below:- Agro Waste / White Coal / Imported Coal will be used as a fuel for the Thermic Fluid Heaters and steam boiler. Thus, fly ash generation will be very negligible.
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Waste Source
Type of waste
Category as per HWMR Rules
Quantity, per Annum*
Physical- Chemical
Form
Method of Disposal
E P T
Process Process Waste
23.1 3
MT 2
MT 5
MT Solid
organic
Collection, Storage
Transportation and disposal at safe TSDF site
Raw Material
Storage & Handling
Discarded Drums/bags
33.3 200 kg
800 Kg
1 MT
Solid-Inorganic
Decontaminate and Reuse/ Sell
Plant and Machineries
Used / Spent Oil
5.1 0.5 KL
0.5 KL
1.0 KL
Liquid- Organic
Collection, storage and used as lubricant within the premises / sell to MoEF approved
Recycler/ reprocessors
* E-Existing, P-Proposed Expansion, T-Total After Expansion
30. Explore the possibility to use fuel other than wood.
The unit will not use wood directly as fuel, however they proposes use Agro Waste and/or White Coal and/or Imported Coal as a fuel for the Thermic Fluid Heaters and Steam Boiler.
31. Precautions to be taken during storage and transportation of hazardous chemicals should be clearly mentioned and incorporated
The handling of the raw material and hazardous chemicals will be allowed for well-trained personals only.
The chemicals which will be hazardous will be properly marked with danger sign.
All the chemicals will be transported in closed barrels and bottles only.
The risk assessment for the proposed project has been done and mentioned in Section- VII of EIA/EMP report
32. A copy of the Memorandum of Understanding signed with cement manufacturers indicating clearly that they will utilized all the organic solid waste generated
There will not be generation of any organic solid waste from the process, which can be utilized by the cement industry. Thus the MOU with cement industry is not required.
33. Details of captive land fill along with design details as per CPCB guidelines, if applicable. Location of secured land fill/TSDF. Ground water monitoring around the project site as well as around
There will not be provision of any captive land-fill facility and for the disposal of hazardous waste the unit will become the member of any GPCB approved CHWIF/TSDF site.
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land fill site. 34. Authorization/Membership for the
disposal of liquid effluent in CETP and solid/hazardous waste in TSDF.
There is no liquid effluent generation thus no Membership of CETP is required. The unit will become the member of any GPCB approved CHWIF/TSDF site of the final disposal of hazardous waste.
35. List of hazardous chemicals (as per MSIHC rule) with toxicity levels.
List of all the Hazardous chemicals with necessary details has been mentioned Under Table-7.1, 7.2 & 7.3 in Section- VII, Point no. 7.2.1.
36. Risk assessment for storage for chemicals/solvents and phosgenes. Action plan for handling & safety system, whenever any cyanide is involved in process.
The risk assessment study has been conducted for all hazardous chemicals and elaborated in Section- VII of EIA/EMP report. The cyanide and phosgenes will not be involved anywhere in the process.
37. A note on arrangement for monitoring Phenol Formaldehyde in the work zone.
Monitoring of VOCs in the work/process area has been mentioned in Section- VI, Point no. 6.2.2 & 6.3.1.
38. An action plan to develop green belt in 33 % area
The green belt action plan has been mentioned in Section-X point no. 10.3 of EIA/EMP report.
39. Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at plant site should be included to harvest rainwater from the roof tops and storm water drains to recharge the ground water
The details regarding Rain water harvesting scheme has been described in Section-IV, point no. 4.3.3. The Sectional view of the proposed rain water harvesting structure is given as Figure 4.5, Section-IV of EIA/EMP report.
40. Occupational health of the workers needs elaboration including evaluation of noise, heat, illumination, dust, any other chemicals, metals being suspected in environment and going into body of workers either through inhalation, ingestion or through skin absorption and steps taken to avoid musculo-skeletal disorders (MSD), backache, pain in minor and major joints, fatigue etc. Occupational hazards specific pre-placement and periodical monitoring should be carried out.
The occupational health & safety plan has been elaborated in Section-VII, point no. 7.7 of EIA/EMP report.
41. Socio-economic development activities should be in place
Various CSR activities proposed for the Socio-economic development of the region has been given in Section-X, Table: 10.1of EIA/EMP report.
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The socio economic environment study has been elaborated in Section- VII, point no. 7.8 of EIA/EMP report.
42. Detailed Environment management Plan (EMP) with specific reference to details of air pollution control system, water & wastewater management, monitoring frequency, responsibility and time bound implementation plan for mitigation measure should be provided
A separate chapter on Environment Management Plan has been incorporated in EIA/EMP report as Section- X.
A separate chapter on Environmental Monitoring Programme has been incorporated as Section- VI in EIA/EMP report.
43. EMP should include the concept of waste-minimization, recycle / reuse / recover techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation
The detailed EMP has been mentioned in Section- X of EIA/EMP report
44. Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof
No, there no litigation pending in the court of law to the best extent of our knowledge.
45. Public hearing issues raised and commitments made by the project proponent on the same should be included separately in EIA/EMP Report in the form of tabular chart with financial budget for complying with the commitments made
The same will be complied
46. A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of above TORs
The same has been complied
1.4 GENERIC STRUCTURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
DOCUMENTS
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a well planned process to predict the environmental
consequences of any kind of development, which is result of human activities and to suggest
appropriate measures in order to reduce adverse effects and also to augment positive effects.
The EIA procures a rational and ethical approach for sustainable development. However, it is
more scientific process because it not only tells the past, present and the future consequences
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of going on development , but also predicts the future events which likely to change due to
some reasons.
In terms of the EIA notification of the MOEF dated 14th September 2006 and subsequent
amendment on 01.12.09 and 04.04.2011, the generic structure of EIA documents shall be as
under:-
Introduction
Project Description
Description of the Environment
Anticipated Environmental Impact & Mitigation Measures
Analysis of Alternatives (Technology & Site)
Environmental Monitoring Program
Additional studies
Project benefits
Environmental Cost benefits Analysis (Only if recommended at scoping stage)
EMP
Summary & Conclusion
Disclosure of Consultant Engaged
1.5 POST ENVIROENMTAL CLEARNCE MONITOIRNG
This is a new project; hence post-environmental clearance monitoring is not applicable.
Although, the project management will submit half-yearly compliance reports of the stipulated
prior environmental clearance terms and conditions on 1st June and 1st December of each
calendar year.
1.6 JUSTIFICATION OF PROJECT
Synthetic resins are materials with similar properties to natural resins. They are viscous liquids
capable of hardening. They are typically manufactured by esterification or soaping of organic
compounds. The classic variety is epoxy resin, manufactured through polymerization-poly
addition or poly condensation reactions, used as a thermoset polymer for adhesives and
composites. Epoxy resin is two times stronger than concrete, seamless and waterproof.
Accordingly, it has been mainly in use for industrial flooring purposes. Alkyd resins are synthetic
resin made from a Dicarboxylic acid, such as Phthalic acid, and Diols or Triols.
Synthetic Organic Resin like Unsaturated Polyester Resin, Alkyd Resin, Saturated Polyester
Resin, Epoxy Resin and Vinyl Ester Resin, which is mainly used in following application,
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1. To manufacture FRP/Composite Raw Materials
2. To manufacture Paints and coatings
3. To manufacture adhesive
4. For Textile sizing
Paints and their allied products like enamels, varnishes, pigments, printing inks and synthetic
resins protect national assets from corrosion. These are increasingly being used in automotive,
engineering and consumer durable sectors. Thus, economic development has a direct bearing
on the paint industry. The paint industry is constantly upgrading its technology to meet the
changing needs of the consumers.
Estimates for the value of the Indian coatings market differ depending on the source. Market
research firms put the total value of sales at $2.4-$2.7 billion dollars, while domestic paint
manufacturers believe the figure to be as much as $3.2-$3.5 billion. Volume consumption is
estimated to be around 900,000 to 1,000,000 tonnes per year. The market has been growing at
about 15% per year in both value and volume terms and that a rate of 12-15% should be
maintainable for the foreseeable future. In general, sales of coatings increase at a rate
approximately 1.5-2 times that of the overall growth rate for the Indian economy.
The requirements of these products are increasing day by day looking to its wide application
and uses. In view of the growing market demand, the proposed project of the unit for the
manufacturing of Synthetic Organic Resin is surely feasible.
1.7 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT
Main promoters of the company have very good manufacturing experience and have sound
financial background. The one of the promoter of the company, Mr. Nirav K. Pathak is having
good experience of 10 yrs. in this field of industrial operation and sound knowledge of resin
manufacturing and chemical process. The senior person of the company, Mr. Kiritbhai V. Pathak
having good experience of 35 yrs. in field of marketing business development. The list of the
directors /promoters of the company is given in the following Table 1.1.
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Table 1.1:
List of Promoters/Partners
Sr. No.
Name of the Partner Qualification Experience,
Years Designation In The Company
1. Mr. Kiritbhai V. Pathak B.Com. 35 Partner
2. Mr. Nirav K. Pathak B.Sc. 10 Partner
3. Mrs. Sonal K. Pathak B.A. 20 Partner
4. Mrs. Nehal K. Pathak B.Com. 2 Partner
1.8 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
M/s. Nirav Chemical Industries is a proposed small scale unit to be located at Plot No. 44/1,
Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Vill. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist.
Ahmedabad in Gujarat. At present the unit is manufacturing Synthetic Resin @ 2000
MT/Month by simple formulation activity only. Now the unit proposes to manufacture various
types and grades of Synthetic Organic Resin by chemical synthesis process with the total
production capacity of 2300 MT/Month.
The unit has submitted their application to MoEF, New Delhi on 13/12/2010 to obtain the
environmental clearance along with Form – 1, terms of reference to carry out EIA study and
feasibility cum detail project report. Subsequently the presentation has been conducted
regarding the proposed project and TOR at MoEF, New Delhi on 24/03/2011 and MoEF has
issued TOR on dated 03/05/2011 vide letter no. J-11011/85/2011-IA II (I).
1.9 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT
M/s. Nirav Chemical Industries is an existing small scale unit located at Plot No. 44/1,
Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Vill. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist.
Ahmedabad in Gujarat. The site falls in geological survey of India of Toposheet No. F43/G-5
(46/B-5). The geographical location of the project is-
N
Latitude 22°55'44.03"N
E
Latitude 22°55'43.49"N
Longitude 72°27'11.80"E
Longitude 72°27'13.06"E
S
Latitude 22°55'42.95"N
W
Latitude 22°55'43.54"N
Longitude 72°27'11.87"E Longitude 72°27'10.88"E
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The study area covering 10 km radial distance from the project site is covered under the survey
of India toposheet No. F43/G-5, toposheet No. F43/G-9, toposheet No. F43/G-8 and toposheet
No. F43/A-2.The topographic map showing the project site and the study area is shown in
Figure 1.2.
Fig 1.2
Topographical Map showing 10 km radius
The legible copy of Toposheet is enclosed as Annexure- IV
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1.9.1 Distance from Severely Polluted Area
As per Office Memorandum (Ref. No. J-11013/5/2010-IA.II(I), dated 13/01/2010) of Ministry of
Environment & Forest, Village Piplej & Narol (Narol Industrial Area) in the Ahmedabad District
is declared as critically polluted area. The project site is located in Ahmedabad District, which
falls at about 10.8 Km in WSW from Piplej Village and 14.7 Km in WSW from Narol Industrial
Area. A map showing location of project site in Ahmedabad District and indicating distance form
Piplej Village and Narol Industrial Area is shown in Figure 1.3. No critically/severely polluted
area falls within the 10 km from the project site.
Figure 1.3
Map Showing Distance of Severely Polluted area from the Project Site
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1.10 INFRASTRUCTURE
The site is located in the Industrial Area (S Changodar Industrial Estate Changodar Industrial
Estate, Sarkhej-Bavla Highway, Vill. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad), which has all
possible amenities that are feasible for industrial projects viability.
City / Town: Ahmedabad: 22.0 Km NE
Railway Station: Changodar : @ 1.0 Km West
International/Domestic Airport: Ahmedabad : @ 28 Km NE
National Highway: NH – 8A : @ 0.5 Km West
1.11 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT
Enkay Enviro Services (EES) was assigned the job of conducting and preparation of
Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Plan (EMP) report for
proposed project “Nirav Chemical Industries” is proposes to manufacture various types and
grades of Synthetic Organic Resin by chemical synthesis process with the total production
capacity of 2300 MT/Month.
The baseline data has been collected as per the TOR issued by Ministry of Environment &
Forests.
The baseline data collection involves the data on air quality, water quality, land use, socio-
economic profile of the study area, existing flora, fauna, prevailing noise levels, along with the
physiographical status and meteorological conditions of the area. The current report is based on
the information of the process technology, air emission, effluent generation, discharge and solid
waste management.
An effective plan to mitigate the adverse impacts and suggestive pollution control measures
along with environmental management plan has been summarized. The defined study period
was post monsoon season.
1.12 SCOPE OF WORK The scope of work of REIA/EMP studies of the proposed expansion of “Nirav Chemical
Industries” is as under:-
The scope of the work includes detailed characterization of various environmental components
such as micro-meteorology, air, noise, water, land and socio economy within 10 km radius from
the proposed plant. The main objectives of the study are:-
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To assess the existing baseline status of air, water, noise, land and socio- economic
environment.
To identify and quantify significant impacts due to various operations of the proposed
steel unit on various environmental components through prediction of impacts.
To evaluate the beneficial and adverse impacts of the proposed plant.
To evaluate and implement the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) detailing control
measures and its efficiency to minimize the pollution levels within the permissible norms.
To assess the probable risks, likely to occur in unit and suggest appropriate measures to
avoid the same.
To design an occupational health & safety plan for the employees.
To design post project monitoring plan for regulating the environmental quality within the
limits and help in sustainable development of the area.
****************
SECTION II
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
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SECTION-II
INDEX
S. No. Particulars Page No.
2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.0 GENERAL 45
2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 45
2.2 PLANT LAYOUT 47
2.3 RAW MATERIAL 49
2.4 SOURCE OF RAW MATERIAL 50
2.5 CAPACITY OF THE PROJECT 50
2.6 WATER REQUIREMENT 50
2.7 POWER REQUIREMENT 52
2.8 SCHEDULE OF APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION 52
2.9 MAN POWER 52
2.10 MANUFACTURING PROCESS 53-65
************
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PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.0 GENERAL
M/s. Nirav Chemical Industries is an existing small scale unit located at Plot No. 44/1,
Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Vil. Changodar, Ta. Sanand,
Dist. Ahmedabad in Gujarat. The proposed project is for the manufacturing of Synthetic
Resin, which is covered under Category – ‘5(f)- A’ as per new EIA Notification of Ministry of
Environment & Forest (MoEF), dtd. 14/09/2006. The unit proposes to manufacture various
types and grades of Synthetic Resin with the total production capacity of 2300 TPM. Resin
begins in a highly viscous state and hardens with treatment. Typically, it is soluble in alcohol,
but not in water. The compound is classified in a number of different ways, depending on its
exact chemical composition and potential uses. The unit will manufacture following Synthetic
Resins.
Sr. No. Name of Product Uses
Product (Synthetic Resin)
A-1 Unsaturated Polyester Resin FRP/ composite Raw material
A-2 Alkyd Resin Paint and coatings
B-1 Saturated Polyester Resin For Textile sizing
B-2 Epoxy Resin anti corrosive paint
B-3 Vinyl Ester Resin FRP/ composite Raw material
By-Product
1. Methanol Various Industrial application
The total area available at the proposed project site is 2470 m2, out of this the total built up
area is 813 m2 and the open area is 1657 m2. The unit will develop green belt area in 497
m2 (20.12% of total plot area). The proposed project will be set up within the same
premises. The existing project cost is about 111.67 lakh and proposed project cost is
estimated at Rs. 290.43 lakh. About Rs.15 lakh is proposed for the environment protection
measures as capital cost.
2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
At present the unit is manufacturing synthetic resin (Epoxy resin /polyester resin Epoxy
hardener solution) @ 2000 TPM by formulation activity only. For that they have already
obtained Consent to Operate (CTO/ CC&A) from Gujarat Pollution Control Board. Now, the
unit proposes to manufacture various types and grades of Synthetic Resin by chemical
synthesis process viz. Unsaturated Polyester Resin & Alkyd Resin with the cumulative
production capacity of 2000 TPM and Saturated Polyester Resin, Epoxy Resin & Vinyl
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Ester Resin with the cumulative production capacity of 300 TPM. The Methanol will be
generated as by-product in the quantity of 63.0 TPM from the manufacturing activity of
Saturated Polyester Resin.
The unit is located at Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla
Highway, Vill. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad in Gujarat. The site falls in
geological survey of India of Toposheet No. F43/G-5 (46/B-5) and the geographical
location of the project is as below;
N Latitude 22°55'44.03"N
E Latitude 22°55'43.49"N
Longitude 72°27'11.80"E Longitude 72°27'13.06"E
S Latitude 22°55'42.95"N
W Latitude 22°55'43.54"N
Longitude 72°27'11.87"E Longitude 72°27'10.88"E
The study area covering 10 km radial distance from the project site is given as Figure 2.1
Fig.-2.1: Google Image showing the area within 10 Km radius from the Project site
Project Site Villages/Places covered within 10 Km radius area from the project site
1. Changodar 5. Tajpur 9. Moti Devti 2. Sarkhej 6. Matoda 10. Kolat 3. Sabarmati River 7. Palwada 11. Navapura 4. Visalpur 8. Moraiya 12. Jivarpura
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All the necessary pollution control measures will be provided for the proposed
expansion.
Automated filling to minimize spillage will be installed.
“Closed” feed systems into batch reactors will be practiced.
The entire manufacturing activities will be carried out in the closed system.
There will not be any effluent generation from the manufacturing activity and about
1.1 waste water will be generated from Cooling tower and Steam boiler, which will be
reused on land for gardening/plantation purpose within premises. Hence the unit will
maintain as "Zero Effluent Discharge."
The unit will design and implement the recharging of ground water (Rainwater
harvesting) system voluntarily which will create positive impact to the water
environment.
The total plot area acquired by the unit is 2470 Sq. m., which is adequate for the
proposed expansion.
The unit has obtained “Consent to Establish” (CTE/NOC) From Gujarat Pollution
Control Board (GPCB), Gandhinagar for its existing plant for manufacturing of
synthetic resin by formulation process vide letter no. GPCB/ID29266/CCA/ABD/GEN-
552/74493 dated 07/03/2011. The unit has been granted “Consent to Operate
(CC&A)” by GPCB for its existing product bearing order No. 43074 which is valid up
to 14/04/2016.
The unit is complying with all the conditions stipulated by the GPCB vide its
permissions in the form of “No Objection Certificate (NOC)” and “Consent to Operate
(CTO / CC&A)”. Copy of both is attached as Annexure-II.
2.2 PLANT LAYOUT
The total plot area acquired by the unit is 2470 Sq. m. Plantation will be developed inside the
unit in an area of 20.12%. i.e. 497 sq. mt. The land use break up the unit is given in Table
2.1 and Key Plan & Factory Layout is given in Fig. – 2.2.
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Table: 2.1
LAND USE BREAKUP
Sr. No.
Particular Area (Sq.mt.) % of Total
Land Existing Proposed Total 1 Administrative Area & Lab 125.00 Nil 125.00 5.06
2 Green Belt 297.00 200.00 497.00 20.12
3 Store & Labour Room 104.00 42.00 146.00 5.91
4 Raw Material & Product Storage and Handling Area
285.60 200.00 485.60 19.66
5 Process Plant 112.20 380.00 492.20 19.93
6 Utility 166.00 76.00 242.00 9.80
7 Hazardous Waste storage Area 20.20 10.00 30.20 1.22
8 Open or Road Side Area 1360.00 -908.00 452.00 18.30
Total 2470.00 Nil 2470.00 100.00
Figure – 2.2
Key Plan & Factory Layout
Key Plan Factory Lay out
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2.3 RAW MATERIALS Various Raw materials require for manufacturing of proposed product, a detailed list is given below:
Name of Raw Material Product Kg per Kg of
Product
TPM
Product Wise
Group Maximum
Total
Glycol (MEG/DEG/PG/NPG)
Unsaturated Polyester Resin
0.26 523.00 523.00 658.00
Saturated Polyester Resin
0.45 135.00 135.00
Acid Anhydride (PA/IPA/PTA/AA)
Unsaturated Polyester Resin
0.26 528.00 630.00
775 Alkyd Resin 0.32 630.00
Saturated Polyester Resin
0.49 145.50 145.50
Maliec Anhydride Unsaturated Polyester Resin
0.16 312.00 312.00 312.00
Styrene Monomer Unsaturated
Polyester Resin 0.40 800.00 800.00
935.00Vinyl Ester Resin 0.45 135.00 135.00
Additives Unsaturated
Polyester Resin 0.00 2.00 2.00
3.50 Vinyl Ester Resin 0.01 1.50 1.50
Caster Oil / Linseed Oil / Soybean Oil
Alkyd Resin 0.29 572.00 572.00 572.00
Glycerin / MEG/ Pentaerithritol / NPG / Trimethalol Propane
Alkyd Resin 0.19 380.00 380.00 380.00
Xylene Alkyd Resin 0.25 500.00 500.00
575.00Epoxy Resin 0.25 75.00 75.00
Epoxy Resin Epoxy Resin 0.60 180.00
180.00 180.00Vinyl Ester Resin 0.30 90.75
Bisphenol A Epoxy Resin 0.15 44.97
44.97 44.97 Vinyl Ester Resin 0.14 41.25
Caustic Soda Epoxy Resin 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.03
Methacrylic Acid Vinyl Ester Resin 0.11 31.50 31.50 31.50
5 Sodium Di Methyl Sulfo Isopthate (DMS Salt)
Saturated 0.27 79.50 79.50 79.50
Di Butyl Tin Oxide Polyester Resin 0.01 3.00 3.00 3.00
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2.4 SOURCE OF RAW MATERIAL
The raw materials required for the product are easily available in the vicinity of the project
site, because of the proximity to the industrial chemical markets in Gujarat. This will reduce
both the cost of raw material transportation and the associated risk. There will be no solvent
require for the manufacturing of any of the proposed products. The raw material will be
transported through road network at the site. The raw material will be transported in closed
containers or in closed packet.
2.5 CAPACITY OF THE PROJECT
Based on the plant and machinery proposed to be installed by the unit, the production
capacity of the unit (continuous process i.e. 3 shifts per day) will be 2300 TPM. The list of
products is as follows.
Sr. No.
Name of Product/ By-Product
Production Capacity,
TPM
Batch Size, Kg
Batches per
Month, Nos.
Purity, % (By wt)
Yield, %
Product (Synthetic Resin)
A-1 Unsaturated Polyester Resin 2000 10000 200
100% 91-93 A-2 Alkyd Resin 100% 100
B-1 Saturated Polyester Resin
300 2000 150 100% 83
B-2 Epoxy Resin 75% 100 B-3 Vinyl Ester Resin 100% 100 By-Product
1. Methanol 63.0 -- -- 99% -- 2.6 WATER REQUIREMENT
The entire water requirement of M/s. Nirav Chemical Industries will be met through common
infrastructure of industrial estate (estate’s common bore well), whose source is ground
water. The total fresh water demand for proposed project will be 10.0 KL/day, which
comprises domestic, gardening and industrial purpose.
As per Guidelines issued by Central Ground Water Authority, Ministry of Water Resources,
New Delhi vide Letter No. 21-4/Guidelines/CGWA/2009-832, Dated 14/10/2009, the unit falls
under Over Exploited Area and Ground water development in the region is greater than
100%. However, the water requirement of the plant is 19.5 KLD only, which does not exceed
the limit of 25.0 KLD as per CGWA guidelines. Thus, it is not mandatory for the unit to obtain
permission from CGWA for the abstraction of ground water through the private suppliers.
The category wise water consumption and waste water generation is given in Table – 2.2.
The water balance diagram is given in Fig. 2.2.
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Table – 2.2:
Category wise Water Consumption
Sr.
No. Category
Water Consumption, KLD
Existing Proposed Total After Expansion
1. Domestic 5.0 1.5 6.5
2. Gardening -- 1.0 1.0
3. Industrial
a. Process 1.0 Nil 1.0
b. Cooling (make up) 5.0 5.0 10.0
c. Steam Boiler 0.0 1.0 1.0
Total Industrial
Consumption/Generation6.0 6.0 12.0
Grand Total
Consumption/ Discharge11.0 8.5 19.5
Fig. - 2.2:
Water Balance Diagram
Note: All quantities are expressed in KL/Day.
(5.2)
(10. 0)
(12.0) Fresh Industrial
Cooling (Make-Up)
Loss (9.0)
(1.0)
(6.5) Domestic
To soak pit through
septic tank Fresh Water
(Source: Bore Well) (19.5)
(1.0)
Process (Vacuum Distillation)
Nil (1.0) Gardening (2.1)
Nil
(1.0)
Steam Boiler
(0.1)
(1.1)
(1.1)
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2.7 POWER
At present the total connected load of power is about 68 KW and one stand by D. G. Set (50
KVA) has been installed. The total power requirement after the proposed expansion is
estimated to 135 KW which will be fulfilled from the grid power supplied by Madhya Gujarat
Vij Company Ltd. (MGVCL). The unit will also provide one D.G. Set (125 KVA) as a stand-
by to suffice the power requirement in case of main power failure.
Following measures & ways will be taken to save the Electrical Energy:-
Energy efficient Fluorescent Lamp T5, CFL will be used which have higher output. 50%
of external landscaped street lights will be supplied through solar panel.
Power factor will be maintained ~0.99 with the capacitor banks. All capacitors will be
provided with Harmonic Filters to avoid distortion in Voltage i.e. Clean Power will be
available.
External lighting will be automatically controlled using timer contactor at external lighting
panel. Led type lights & Sodium vapor lights will be used for external lighting.
2.8 SCHEDULE OF APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION
The proposed project has been planned for manufacturing various Synthetic Resin with the
total production capacity of 2300 TPM. The proposed project will be set up within the same
premises and entire development will take about 4 months for completion. The construction
activities for the proposed project will start after obtaining necessary approval from Ministry
of Environment and Forests and State Pollution Control Board (SPCB).
2.9 MAN POWER
The existing project consists a total of 7 employees. Additional 19 Employees are proposed
to be employed during expansion.
Description Mgmt. Staff
Supervisory Staff
Clerks Company Workers
Total*
E P E P E P E P E P
Administration 1 1 - - 1 2 1 2 3 5
Plant Operation - - 1 2 - - 2 8 3 10
Store & Dispatch - - - 1 - 1 1 2 1 4
Total 1 1 1 3 1 3 4 8 7 19
*E: Existing, P: Proposed
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2.10 MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Resins are manufactured in batch process by condensation reaction between acids and
glycols. During reaction water is formed which is regularly removed in order to remove traces
of un-reacted glycols & water. Vacuum is applied. Once the desired parameters are
achieved, the product is cooled and transferred to blender having Styrene Monomer/Xylene
with stirring on. Temperature in blender is not more than 70°C. After achieving all
parameters of resin i.e. acid value, gel time, viscosity, etc.; resins are transferred in barrels.
Manufacturing of each Synthetic Resin is briefly described below;
(A-1) UNSATURATED POLYESTER RESIN
a) Manufacturing Process
In SS reactor charge Dihydroxy glycol and Dicarboxylic acids. Raise Temperature up to
160 0C with continuous agitation. Reflux at 1600C in about 2 hours (approx). Remove the
reaction water continuously to allow temperature to rise to 210 0C. Check the sample for
acid value.
Start vacuum distillation for removing access water/volatiles from reactor. Stop vacuum
distraction and start cooling. Add inhibitor. Further cool to 1600C.
Discharge solid resin from reactor into blender containing styrene monomer. During
discharge resin temperature in blender should not increase 700C. Circulate the water in
jacket of blender to reduce blender temperature. Cool to room temperature. Testing like
viscosity, gel time etc is carried out. Adjust if necessary.
Weighted & packed in drums or carboys.
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b) Reaction Chemistry
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c) Material Balance Diagram
Reactor Glycol: 2615
Acid Anhydride: 2640 Maleic Anhydride: 1560
Additives: 10.0
Blender
10000 Kg of Unsaturated
Polyester Resin
Water Distilled Collection: 915
Styrene Monomer: 4000
All quantities are expressed in kg
Drier
Evaporation Loss: 825
Glycol Solution: 90
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Summary of Mass Balance for Unsaturated Polyester Resin Capacity TPM : 2000 Batch size kg : 10000 Working Days Per Month : 26
Sr. No.
Name of Raw Material Quantity
Kg/BatchKg/Kg of Product
TPM Remarks
Input
1 Glycol (MEG/DEG/PG/NPG) - Fresh 2615.0 0.262 523.000
Reactant
2 Glycol (MEG/DEG/PG/NPG) - Reuse 90.0 0.009 18.000
3 Acid Anhydride (PA/IPA/PTA/AA) 2640.0 0.264 528.000
4 Maleaic Anhydride (MA) 1560.0 0.156 312.000
5 Styrene Monomer 4000.0 0.400 800.000
6 Additives 10.0 0.001 2.000
Total 10915.0 1.09 2183.000
Output
1 Polyester Resin 10000.0 1.000 2000.000 Finished Product
2 Evaporation loss 825.0 0.083 165.000
3 Glycol (MEG/DEG/PG/NPG) -
Recovered 90.0 0.009 18.000 Reuse
Total 10915.0 1.092 2183.000
(A-2) ALKYD RESIN
a) Manufacturing Process
Charge Caster oil/ Linseed oil/ Soya bean oil and Glycerin/ MEG/ pentaerithritol/
Neo penta glycol/ trimethalol, along with Pthaliec anhydride/ Maliec anhydride/
adipic acid/rosin into the Reactor.
Raise Temperature up to 160°C with continuous agitation. Reflux at 16°C in about
2 hours(approx). Remove the reaction water continuously to allow temperature to
rise to 260°C. Check the sample for acid value.
Start vacuum distillation for removing access water/volatiles from reactor. Stop
vacuum distraction and start cooling. Add inhibitor. Further cool to 160°C.
Discharge solid resin from reactor into blender containing xylene. Circulate the
water in jacket of blender to reduce blender temperature. Cool to room
temperature.
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Weighted & packed in drums or carboys.
b) Reaction Chemistry
c) Material Balance Diagram
Drier
90% Evaporated
Glycerin Solution: 40
Reactor
Castor Oil: 2860 Glycerin/MEG/NPG/Penta
erithritol/Methalol Propane: 1900 Acid Anhydride
(PA/MA/AA/Rosin): 3150
Blender
10000 Kg of Alkyd Resin
(Finished product)
Water Distilled Out: 410
Xylene: 2500
All quantities are expressed in kg
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Summary of Mass Balance for Alkyd Resin
Capacity TPM : 2000
Batch size kg : 10000
Working Days Per Month : 26
Sr. No.
Name of Raw Material
Quantity
Kg/BatchKg/Kg
of Product
TPM Remarks
Input
1 Castor Oil/Linseed Oil/ Soya bean Oil
2860.0 0.286 572.000
Reactant
2 Glycerin/MEG/Pentaerithritol/ NPG/ Trimethalol Propane - Fresh
1900.0 0.190 380.000
3 Glycerin/MEG/Pentaerithritol/ NPG/ Trimethalol Propane – Reuse
40.0 0.004 8.000
4 Acid Anhydride (PA/MA/AA/Rosin)
3150.0 0.315 630.000
5 Xylene 2500.0 0.250 500.000
Total 10450.0 1.045 2090.000
Output
1 Alkyd Resin 10000.0 1.000 2000.000 Finished Product
2 Evaporation loss 410.0 0.041 82.000
3 Glycerin/ MEG/ Pentaerithritol/ NPG/ Trimethalol Propane– Recovered
40.0 0.004 8.000 Reuse
Total 10450.0 1.045 2090.0
(B-1) SATURATED POLYESTER RESIN
a) Manufacturing Process
Charge Isophthalic acid/purified terephthalic acid and 5 sodium dimethyl
isophthalate, along with di-ethylene glycol/polyethylene glycol and mono ethylene
glycol with di butyl tin oxide in reactor.
The mass will be heated to 165°C where methanol/water will start coming out and
mass viscosity will be start increasing. The methanol/water will be condensed
and removed. The mass heated up to 200°C and vacuum is applied and excess
glycols and water will be removed. The polymer will be discharged in trays.
Crushed, pulverized and packed in bags.
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b) Reaction Chemistry
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c) Material Balance Diagram
Reactor IPA/PTA: 970
DMS Salt: 530 DEG/PG: 450
MEG/NPG: 450
Trans Esterification Reactor
2000 kg of Saturated Polyester Resin
(Finished product)
Methanol: 420
All quantities are expressed in kg
Trays
Crushing
Pulverizing
Packing
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Summary of Mass Balance for Saturated Polyester Resin
Capacity TPM : 300
Batch size kg : 2000
Working Days Per Month : 26
Sr. No. Name of Raw Material
Quantity
Kg/Batch Kg/Kg
of Product
TPM Remarks
Input
1 IPA/PTA 970 0.49 145.5
Reactant
2 5 Sodium Di Methyl Sulfo Isopthate
(DMS Salt) 530 0.27 79.5
3 DEG/Polyethylene Glycol 450 0.23 67.5
4 Di Butyl Tin Oxide 20 0.01 3.0
5 MEG/NPG 450 0.23 67.5
Total 2420 1.21 363.0
Output
1 Saturated
Polyester Resin 2000 1.00 300.0
Finished
Product
2 Methanol 420 0.21 63.0 By-
Product
Total 2420.0 1.21 363.0
(B-2) EPOXY RESIN
a) Manufacturing Process
Charge Epoxy resin and Bisphenol A in reactor. Heat to 170°C and maintain
temperature for 2-4 hours. Check epoxy equivalent weight. Cool it to 80°C. Dilute
it in xylene and cool to room temperature. Testing will be carried out and packed
in drums and carboys.
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b) Reaction Chemistry
c) Material Balance Diagram
Reactor Epoxy Resin: 1200
Bisphenol A: 300 Caustic Soda: 0.2
Blender
2000 Kg of Epoxy Resin
(Finished product)
Xylene: 500
All quantities are expressed in kg
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Summary of Mass Balance for Epoxy Resin
Capacity TPM : 300
Batch size kg : 2000
Working Days Per Month : 26
Sr. No.
Name of Raw Material
Quantity
Kg/Batch Kg/Kg of Product
TPM Remarks
Input
1 Epoxy Resin 1200 0.60 180.0
Reactant 2 Bisphenol A 300 0.15 45.0
3 Caustic Soda 0.2 0.00 0.03
4 Xylene 500 0.25 75.0
Total 2000 1.00 300.0
Output
1 Epoxy Resin 2000 1.00 300.0 Finished Product
Total 2000 1.00 300.0
(B-3) VINYL ESTER RESIN
a) Manufacturing Process
Charge Epoxy resin and Bisphenol A in reactor. Heat to 170 0C and maintain
temperature for 2-4 hours. Check epoxy equivalent weight. Cool it to 100 0C. Add
Methacrylic acid and additives in reactor. Maintain the temperature for 4-6 hours.
Cool to 80 0C.
Discharge solid resin from reactor into blender containing styrene monomer.
During discharge resin temperature in blender should not increase 70 0C.
Circulate the water in jacket of blender to reduce blender temperature. Cool to
room temperature. Testing like viscosity, gel time etc is carried out. Adjust if
necessary.
Weighted & packed in drums or carboys.
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b) Reaction Chemistry
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c) Material Balance Diagram
Summary of Mass Balance for Vinyl Ester Resin
Capacity TPM : 300
Batch size kg : 2000
Working Days Per Month : 26
Sr.
No. Name of Raw Material
Quantity
Kg/Batch Kg/Kg of
Product TPM Remarks
Input
1 Epoxy Resin 605 0.30 90.8
Reactant
2 Bisphenol A 275 0.14 41.3
3 Methacrylic Acid 210 0.11 31.5
4 Additives 10 0.01 1.5
5 Styrene Monomer 900 0.45 135.0
Total 2000 1.00 300.0
Output
1 Vinyl Ester Resin 2000 1.00 300.0 Finished Product
Total 2000 1.00 300.0
Reactor Epoxy Resin: 605 Bisphenol A: 275
Methacrylic Acid: 210 Additives: 10
Blender
2000 kg of Vinyl Ester Resin
(Finished product)
Styrene Monomer: 900
All quantities are expressed in kg
SECTION III
DESCRIPTION OF THE
ENVIRONMENT
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SECTION - III
INDEX
S. No. Particulars Page no.
3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
3.0 GENERAL 67
3.1 STUDY AREA 67
3.2 LOCATION OF MONITORING STATION 68
3.3 LAND ENVIRONMENT 70-76
3.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT 77-79
3.5 AIR ENVIRONMENT 80-82
3.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 83-84
3.7 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 84-94
3.8 SOCIO- ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 94-107
*************
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DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONEMNT
3.0 GENERAL
The anthropogenic activities related to industrial sector cause impacts on environmental
components in and around the project site. However, the intensity of environmental impacts
vary from project to projects, depends upon several factors like; Physical, Chemical, & other
etc., Involved in the project, processing capacity (scale / size of the project), type and extent
of pollution control measures, project location surrounding geomorphology etc. To assess
environmental impacts from proposed project (specific), it is essential to monitor the
environmental quality prevailing in the surrounding area prior to implementation of the
proposed project. The environmental status (baseline status) within the study area is used
for prediction of anticipated environmental impact assessment study. The impacts from an
existing industrial project on its surrounding environment are due to the nature of pollutants,
their quantities discharged to the environment, existing environmental quality, assimilative
capacity of the surrounding environment and topography.
3.1STUDY AREA
The defined study area includes Taluka Sanand, Daskroi and Dholka in Ahmedabad District
of Gujarat.
1. General Particular
i Project Site Latitude (N) : N 22°55'44.03"N E 22°55'43.49"N W 22°55'43.54"N S 22°55'42.95"N
Project Site Longitude (E) : N 72°27'11.80"E E 72°27'13.06"E W 72°27'10.88"E S 72°27'11.87"E
ii Study area : 314 Sq. Km
iii Taluka : 1) Sanand
2) Daskroi
3) Dholka iv District : Ahmedabad
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2. Demography
i Total Population : 2,68,686
a) Male : 1,42,653
b) Female : 1,26,033
ii. Average Literacy Rate : 56.18 %
a) Male : 75.86% (With respect to male
population)
b) Female : 61.38%. (With respect to female
population)
3. Climatology (Study Period)
i Total rainfall (Max in mm) : 00 mm
ii Temperature (Max) : 29.90oC
iii Temperature (Min) : 19.20oC
iv Relative Humidity (Max) : 96 %
v Relative Humidity (Min) : 20 %
Source: Demography Data-Census, 2001,Meteorology Data: IMD, Ahmedabad
3.2 LOCATION OF MONITORING STATIONS
As per the EIA guidelines, total7 monitoring stations including project site were selected for
monitoring of Ambient Air, Water, Noise and Soil within the study area covering 10 km radial
distance from the project site. Topographic map showing the project site and the study area
is given as Annexure IV. The monitoring period is post monsoon Season. The monitoring
stations were selected on the basis of surface influence, demographic influence and
meteorological influence.
Table 3.1: Monitoring Locations
Location Code
Location Name
GPS Coordinates
Direction w.r.t Plant
Site
Distances w.r.t Plant Site (km)
Environmental attributes
monitored*
S1 Project Site 22°55'43.72"N 72°27'11.76"E -- -- A, GW, S, N
S2 Vishalpur 22°54'43.06"N 72°29'14.86"E
ESE / 118° 3.95 Km A, GW, SW, S, N
S3 Changodar Industrial Area
22°55'24.82"N 72°26'44.14"E
SW / 230° 0.95 Km A, GW, S, N
S4 Tajpur 22°54'10.49"N 72°27'00.32"E
S / 190° 2.88 Km A, GW, S, N
S5 Changodar 22°55'51.92"N 72°26'48.02"E
W / 280° 0.80 Km A, GW, SW, S, N
S6 Navapura 22°56'53.32"N 72°26'56.35"E
NNW / 340° 2.17 Km A, GW, SW, S, N
S7 NH-8A 22°55'54.64"N 72°26'59.51"E
WNW / 302° 0.5 Km N
*Note: A–Ambient Air, GW–Ground water, SW-Surface water, N–Noise, S–Soil
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Fig. 3.1
Google Image showing the monitoring location within 5 Km Radius from the project
site
Project Site (S-1)
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3.3 LAND ENVIRONMENT
This section includes the study of natural features like topography, drainage, climate,
hydrology, etc.
3.3.1 Topography
General topography of the study area is fairly plain. No hills or elevated lands are found in
the study area.
3.3.2 Geology
The major portion of the district is covered by recent and sub recent formations. The area is
almost flat covered by brown sandy and clayey soil and has a gentle southerly and south
westerly slope. Geologically, the area forms a part of Cambay basin, therefore, its
subsurface geology has also been deciphered on the lines of main Cambay basin. Whole of
the area is covered under a thick cover of alluvium except a few outcrops of Deccan traps
and lime stones in Dhandhuka taluka.
3.3.3 Drainage
Generally the groundwater flows from north-east to south-west in the study area. There are
16 rivers in the district. Among them the Sabarmati is the principal river of this district and
rest are small rivers. Main River is Sabarmati, which originates from Aravalli Ranges of
Rajasthan and meeting to sea in the bay of Cambay. The total length of this river is 416 km.
It flows for 118km in Ahmedabad district. Except the river Sabarmati, the Khari river a
tributary of Sabarmati and the Meshvo flows through Dehgam and Daskroi talukas. There is
another river called Rodh which flows through Sanand and Dholka taluka. The hydrology
map of the study is showing the canal, water stream and water body is given in Figure 3.2.
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Fig. 3.2
Hydrology Map of the Study Area
3.3.4 Land-Use analysis
Objectives:-The objectives of land use studies were:-
To determine the present land use pattern;
To ascertain the temporal changes in land use and;
To scrutinize the impacts on land use due to project activities in the study area;
Material and methods:- The details of study area, collection of relevant satellite images,
ground truth observation, and the use of software and analytical tools used in the current
study.
Geographical location of the study area:-The study area comprises of the 10 km radial
area around project site that lie in Village Changodar of Sanand taluka in Ahmedabad
District, which covers Sanand, Daskroi and Dholka Talukas of Ahmedabad District. The total
geographical area of study area is 31,400 ha.
Materials: - The equipment used during the present investigation include ground truth hand
held GARMIN 12 GPS receiver for ground truth collection, besides the visual observation
and analysis.
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Garmin 12 GPS receiver: - Global Positioning System is based on a constellation of 24
satellites orbiting the Earth at a very high altitude of 20,200 km, which allows anyone with a
GPS receiver to determine the precise 3-D location. It offers advantages of accuracy, speed,
versatility and economy while in use as an aid for position based data collection. GPS owes
its popularity to the dependable high accuracy with which position and time can be
determined. The termination of selective availability from first May 2000 has instantly
increased the accuracy of stand-alone mode GPS to at least five fold and things are going to
get even better in the near future. The GPS was conceived as a ranging system from known
positions of satellites in space to unknown positions on land, sea and space. GPS uses
pseudo ranges derived from the broadcast satellites. The pseudo ranges were derived either
from measuring the travel time of the (coded) signal and multiplying it by its velocity or by
measuring the phase of the signal. The antenna detects the electromagnetic waves arriving
from the satellites, converts the wave energy into an electric current, amplifies the signal
strength and sends the signals to the receiver electronics. The GARMIN 12 GPS Receiver in
stand-alone mode was used to collect the information regarding the geographical location of
the ground truth sites during the present investigation.
Satellite data: - In the present study, land use and land cover information in the study area
has been studied using the satellite image data of 2009 obtained from The Indian Remote
Sensing. The land-use & land cover map of the 10 km radial study area from the project site
has been prepared using IRS ID LISS III satellite image with reference to NRSC Image.
Topographical maps of the study area:-The Survey of India topographical maps ofF43/G-
5 (46/B-5), F43/A-8 (46/A-8), F43/A-12 (46/A-12) and F43/G-9 (46/B-9)on 1:50,000 scale
covering Sanand, Daskroi and Dholka Talukas of Ahmedabad District of Gujarat were used
as reference maps for georeferencing of the remote sensing data. These maps helped to
select the ground truth collection sites.
Ancillary data: - Information derived from the remotely sensed data can only be verified
using field data. Field data is used to improve the information extraction, to calibrate either
data or the information and to assess the accuracy of the derived information. Field data
used in the study was of different types such as maps of Survey of India, data collected in
the field sampling, and information derived from statistical data from revenue department.
Computer hardware and software: - HP P-4 dual core PC with ERDAS IMAGINE 8.5
image analysis software was used for processing and analysis of the remote sensing data.
Arc view version 3.2 was used for making land use maps.
Ground truth data collection: - The different methods followed while collecting the ground
truth information, digital image analysis are described in the following text.
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Spatial observations: - Spatial measurements were made with the help of hand held GPS
to get the spatial coordinated along with type of land use.
The raw LISS III spectral information’s was collected in the three bands as detailed below:
Band 2: Green region, 520-570 nm
Band 3: Red region, 620-680 nm and
Band 4: Near infrared region, 770-860 nm
Digital image analysis: - The various steps involved in the digital image analysis of remote
sensing data are as follows.
For digital image processing and analysis, preliminary work like collection of maps, reports,
remote sensing images, collection and study of collateral and ground truth data were done
first. Among all, ground truth data collection is very important for subsequent digital analysis.
The HP P-4 dual core PC with ERDAS IMAGINE 8.5 software was used for processing and
analysis of remote sensing data. The Toposheet of the study area on1:50,000 scale were
scanned and were geometrically corrected in the DATA PREPARATION panel of ERDAS
IMAGINE. The IRS P6 LISS III Image of the study area acquired on July 2002 was loaded
into the ERDAS IMAGINE using the IMPORT option. Later, geometric correction of the
image was done with the help of the geometrically corrected SOI Toposheet and Ground
Control Points (GCPs) collected with the GPS receiver. The raw image data when viewed on
the display showed the difficulty indistinguishing all features. Preliminary interpretation of the
satellite data was conducted and GCPs, which were distributed randomly throughout the
image with minimum root mean square (rms) error of less than 0.5 were selected.
Polynomial transformation of 1st order was used because the correction program runs faster
with it and it also avoids geometric distortion in areas of very few GCPs. After completing
geometric correction of the image, study area boundary overlay was done. The
unsupervised classification was used to prepare the LULC map of the study area.
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Fig: 3.3
LULC Map
Description of Landuse: - The study area is prominently covered by agriculture land, which
is about 57.01 %. The settlement is mostly confined to the ‘rural & urban settlement’ (built
up-rural) 7.64 % and the total industrial area 7.55 % has noticed in the 10 km study area.
The scrub area constitutes the category of land use covering as much as 5.45 % of the total
area. Active river channels of the study area and its tributaries flowing into it cover about
5.72 % of the total study area. The category of land use land covers result is given below
Table 3.2.
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Table 3.2
Classification of LULC in study area
Sr. No. Land use Area (sq km) Percent (%) 1. Build-up-land
a) Settlement 12.23 7.64 b) Industrial zone 12.08 7.55
2. Agriculture Land a) Crop Land/ Current fellow land 91.23 57.01 b) Plantation 5.03 3.14 c) Other Agriculture 12.84 8.08
3. Waste Land a) Land with scrub 8.72 5.45 b) Land without scrub 2.15 1.34
4. Water Body a) Stream/River/Tank/Reservoir 9.16 5.72 b) Mudflat 6.56 4.1
Total 160 100
3.3.5 Soil Quality of the Area
Soils may be defined as a thin layer of earth crust that serves as a natural medium for the
growth of the plants. It is the unconsolidated minerals factors. Soil serves as a reservoir of
nutrients of plants and crops. It also provides mechanical anchorage and favorable filth.
3.3.6 Soil Quality Analysis
Data generation
The soil study was carried out to analyze the soil characteristics of the study area. For
studying soil quality of the region Six samples were collected, description of the same as per
Table 3.1.
Soil Quality
Seven soil samples in 10 km radius project Area was collected and analyzed. The analytical
results are given in blow.
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Table 3.3: Soil Monitoring Results
Nature of Sample SOIL SAMPLLE Date of sampling 18/10/2012Location of Sampling Point M/s. Nirav Chemical Industries
Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Vil. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad
Protocol IS: 2720
Sr. No.
Parameters Unit S1-
Project Site
S2-Vishal
pur
S3-Changodar Industrial
Area
S4-Tajpur
S5-Changodar
S6-Navapura
1. pH (5% Solution)
-- 7.0 6.6 7.2 7.1 7.1 7.0
2. Bulk Density gm/cm3 1.14 1.2 1.14 1.13 1.16 1.17
3. Appearance --- Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown
4. Salinity ppt 0.088 0.063 0.078 0.066 0.073 0.077
5. Porosity % 52 53 58 56 52 54
6. Water Holding Capacity
% 30 36 42 44 42.8 40.2
7. Texture Class
a) Silt % 38 36 34 36 32 33
b) Clay % 12 9 10 9 12 14
c) Sand % 50 55 56 55 56 53
8. Electrical Conductivity
ms/cm 123 132 124 133 125 132
9. Sodium mg/Kg 75 80 79 82 79 78
10. Potassium mg/Kg 30 29 26 28 31 29
11. Phosphorous mg/Kg 32 28 41 35 26 38
12. Magnesium mg/Kg 68 66 68 65 70 71
13. Calcium mg/Kg 235 212 268 322 227 202
14. SAR -- 6.09 6.79 6.09 5.89 6.48 6.68
15. Iron as Fe mg/Kg 30 36 42 44 42.8 40.2
16. Copper as Cu mg/Kg 1.6 1.9 1.2 1.6 1.9 1.6
17. Manganese as Mn
mg/Kg <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
18. Nitrogen mg/Kg <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
19. Sulphate mg/Kg 237 243 262 280 265 245
20. Chloride mg/Kg 66 59 72 70 68 62
Results & Conclusions The soil analysis results are presented in above Table 3.3. The result obtained is compared
with the standard soil classification given Agriculture Soil Limits. It has been observed that
the soils are sandy silt in texture and neutral in nature. The nutrient and organic matter
contents are medium and the soil is normally fertile.
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3.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT
3.4.1 Hydrogeology Aspects Geo hydrologically, major parts of the district consist of alluvial formation. Alluvial formation
is made up of Sand, clay, kankers, silt and gravels. In this formation water is available under
confined and unconfined conditions. Remaining area is made up of Basalt, which is very
poor in ground water availability and yield. Sufficient discharge is available from alluvial
formation. Thickness of Alluvium in north- west part of the area is more. Average depth of
tube-well in eastern part ranges from 90-120 mts and in north- west part it is350 to 400 mts.
Generally water supply schemes in the study area are based on deep tube-wells. Due to
heavy drilling activity and over extraction of ground water since last two decades, there is a
sharp decline in water levels and in the quality of water. In terms of ground water
development Dascroi and Sanand talukas of the study area comes under over exploited
category, where ground water development is more than 100% and Dholka taluka comes
under dark (critical) category, where ground water development is between 90% to 100%.
3.4.2 Water Quality Methodology Monitoring locations were finalized on the basis of the following aspects:-
Drainage pattern;
Tube wells (utilized for drinking water purposes)
Surface water (if any) in study area; and
Water samples were collected in Pre-sterilized sampling container for Ground water and
Surface water. Chemical and Metals analysis was carried out as per standard Methods,
Published by APHA and BIS. The description of the locations was given in Table 3.1 earlier
in this chapter and the monitoring reports of different location are given as below:
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Table 3.4: Water Analysis Report
Project Name M/s. Nirav Chemical Industries
Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway,
Vill. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad
Nature of Sample Ground Water
Date of Sample 18/10/2012
Sample Packing Plastic Carboys
Sample Size 5.0 Liter
S. No.
Parameters Unit IS: 10500 Requirement S1-Project
Site
S2 -Vishalpur
S3 - Changodar Industrial
Area
S4 - Tajpur
S5 -Changodar
S6 -Navapura
Test Method
Desirable Limit
Permissible Limit
i pH --- 6.5 – 8.5 6.5-8.5 7.56 7.80 7.60 7.60 7.60 7.80 IS 3025 (Part 11) 1983
ii Odour --- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable IS 3025 (Part 05) 1983
iii Taste --- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable IS 3025 (Part 07) 1984
iv Elec. Conductivity
µs/Cm2 -- -- 177.00 168.00 166.00 172.00 182.00 177.00 IS 3025 (Part 14) 1984
v Temperature º C -- -- 32 32 32 32 32 32 IS 3025 (Part 09) 1984
vi Turbidity NTU 5 10 3.00 2.00 3.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 IS 3025 (Part 10) 1984
vii Dissolved Solids mg/l 500 2000 898.00 725.00 1022.00 882.00 763.00 922.00 IS 3025 (Part 16) 1984
viii Total Hardness as CaCO3
mg/l 200 600 310.00 285.00 305.00 295.00 290.00 298.00 IS 3025 (Part 21) 2009
ix Calcium (as Ca+2) mg/l 75 200 62.12 57.11 61.12 58.92 58.12 59.72 IS 3025 (Part 40) 2009
x Magnesium (as Mg+2) mg/l 30
No Relaxation
37.67 34.63 37.06 35.97 35.24 36.21 IS 3025 (Part 46) 2009
xi Alkalinity mg/l 200 600 230.00 210.00 205.00 210.00 222.00 210.00 IS3025 (Part 46) 2009
xii Chlorides(as Cl-) mg/l 250 1000 299.33 241.67 340.67 294.00 254.33 307.33 IS 3025 (Part 23) 2009
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S.
No. Parameters Unit IS: 10500 Requirement S1-
Project Site
S2 -Vishalpur
S3 -Changodar Industrial
Area
S4 -Tajpur
S5 -Changodar
S6 -Navapura
Test Method
Desirable Limit
Permissible Limit
xiii Sulphate as SO4-2
mg/l 200 400 55.00 59.00 62.00 63.00 58.00 55.00 IS 3025 (Part 24) 2009
xiv Nitrates (as NO3-) mg/l 45
No relaxation
29.00 30.00 30.00 32.00 33.00 28.00 IS 3025 (Part 34) 2009
xv Fluoride (as F-) mg/l 1 1.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.50 0.25 0.25 IS 3025 (Part 60) 2009
xvi Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.3 No
relaxation < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 IS 3025 (Part 53) 2009
xvii Phenolic compound
mg/l 0.001 0.002 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 IS 3025 (Part 43) 2009
xviii COD mg/l -- -- < 0.7 15.00 20.00 22.00 20.00 20.00 IS 3025 (Part 58) 2009
xix BOD mg/l -- -- < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 IS 3025 (Part 44) 2009
xx Chromium (as Cr+6)
mg/l 0.05 No
relaxation < 0.03 < 0.03 < 0.03 < 0.03 < 0.03 < 0.03 IS 3025 (Part 52) 2009
xxi Copper (as Cu) mg/l 0.05 1.5 < 0.04 < 0.04 < 0.04 < 0.04 < 0.04 < 0.04 IS 3025 (Part 42) 2009
xxii Lead (Pb) mg/l 0.01 No
relaxation <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 IS 3025 (Part 47) 2009
xxiii Zinc (as Zn) mg/l 5 15 1.85 1.22 1.35 1.30 1.22 1.52 IS 3025 (Part 49) 2009
Results & Conclusions:
The above monitoring reports show that Dissolved Solids, Total Hardness, Magnesium, Alkalinity and Chlorides in the ground water samples at
all the location is higher than Desirable Limit prescribed under IS: 10500, however all these parameters are within the Permissible Limit
prescribed under IS: 10500. All other parameters are well within the Desirable Limit prescribed under IS: 10500.
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3.5 AIR ENVIRONMENT
Meteorology
The atmosphere is the medium in which air pollution transported away from the source.
Meteorology influences the way air pollution is dispersed, including wind direction and wind
speed, type of terrain and heating effects. Atmospheric stability affects pollution released
from ground level and elevated sources differently. In unstable conditions, ground level
pollution is readily dispersed thereby reducing ground level concentrations. Elevated
emissions, however, such as those released from a chimney, are returned more readily to
ground level, leading to rise ground level concentrations. Stable conditions mean less
atmospheric mixing and therefore higher concentrations around ground level sources, but
better dispersal rates, and therefore lower ground level concentrations, for elevated plumes.
Percentage frequencies of wind in 16 directions have been computed from the recorded data
during the study period for 24 hourly intervals to plot wind rose. The pictorial represents the
summary of the wind pattern is given blow of the study period.
Table 3.5: Micro meteorological data for the study period at project site
Parameter Max Min
Temperature (0C) 29.9 19.2
Relative Humidity (%) 96 20
Wind Speed (m/sec) 10 0.56
Rainfall (in) 0.00
Predominant direction Blowing from NE to SW
Table 3.6:
Frequency distribution S.
No. Wind Classes
(m/s) Directions
0.5 - 2.1 2.1 - 3.6 3.6 - 5.7 5.7 - 8.8 8.8 - 11.1 >= 11.1 Total (%)
1 348.75 - 11.25 0.000000 0.000000 0.038934 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 3.89340
2 11.25 - 33.75 0.002049 0.000000 0.006148 0.002049 0.008197 0.000000 1.84430
3 33.75 - 56.25 0.006148 0.004098 0.000000 0.049180 0.008197 0.000000 6.76230
4 56.25 - 78.75 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.00000
5 78.75 - 101.25 0.000000 0.000000 0.006148 0.018443 0.004098 0.000000 2.86890
6 101.25 - 123.75 0.000000 0.000000 0.002049 0.030738 0.008197 0.000000 4.09840
7 123.75 - 146.25 0.010246 0.004098 0.000000 0.010246 0.084016 0.000000 10.86070
8 146.25 - 168.75 0.002049 0.000000 0.004098 0.002049 0.127049 0.000000 13.52460
9 168.75 - 191.25 0.008197 0.002049 0.000000 0.010246 0.114754 0.000000 13.52460
10 191.25 - 213.75 0.053279 0.002049 0.000000 0.004098 0.026639 0.000000 8.60660
11 213.75 - 236.25 0.149590 0.004098 0.000000 0.004098 0.016393 0.000000 17.41800
12 236.25 - 258.75 0.057377 0.000000 0.000000 0.002049 0.006148 0.000000 6.55740
13 258.75 - 281.25 0.004098 0.051230 0.000000 0.000000 0.004098 0.000000 5.94260
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14 281.25 - 303.75 0.004098 0.018443 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 2.25410
15 303.75 - 326.25 0.000000 0.000000 0.014344 0.004098 0.000000 0.000000 1.84430
16 326.25 - 348.75 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.00000
Sub-Total 0.297131 0.086066 0.071721 0.137295 0.407787 0.000000 100.000000Calms 0.000000
Missing/Incomplete 0.000000
Total 100.000000
Fig. : 3.4
Wind Rose Diagram (24 hrs)
Inferece:
The predominant wind direction during this Study period is observed to be blowing from NE
to SW. Wind speeds during this period were in the range of 0.56 to 10.0 m/sec. There was
no Calm wind observed during this period.
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AMBIENT AIR QUALITY
The data for ambient air quality status within 5 km radius of the site has been generated by
Envisafe Environment Consultants, laboratory accredited by NABL, for the study period. 6
monitoring stations were installed at different locations to assess the ambient air quality;
description of the locations was given in Table 3.1 earlier in this chapter. The monitoring
report is enclosed as Annexure- VII and the summary of AAQ monitoring results is given
below table no.3.7.
Table 3.7:
Summary of ambient air monitoring
Locations PM10
g/m3 PM2.5
g/m3 SO2
g/m3 NOx g/m3
VOC as Benzeneg/m3 Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min
S1-Project Site 84.6 67.1 32.5 19.2 27.8 22.1 21.2 14.3 BDL
S2-Vishalpur 72.9 54.3 26.6 16.8 20.4 15.2 21.9 13.2 BDL
S3-Changodar Industrial Area
91.2 73.2 42.5 26.5 31.5 25.6 21.9 16.6 BDL
S4-Tajpur 86.3 61.8 39.5 22.4 29.2 23.2 27.8 22.3 BDL
S5-Changodar 82.3 62.3 32.1 17.6 24.3 18.1 31.9 26.1 BDL
S6-Navapura 64.2 48.9 23.3 14.5 18.9 15.2 19.8 13.2 BDL
NAAQS* 100 60 80 80 5
*NAAQS: National Ambient Air Quality Standard
Observations:
PM10: The maximum value for PM10 observed at Chagodar Industrial Area is 91.2 µg/m3 and
minimum value for PM10observed at Navapura Village is 64.2 µg/m3.
PM2.5: The maximum value for PM2.5 observed at Chagodar industrial area 42.5 µg/m3 and
minimum value for PM2.5 at Navapura Village 23.3 µg/m3.
SO2: The maximum value for SO2 observed at Chagodar industrial area 31.5 µg/m3 and
minimum value for SO2 at Navapura Village 18.9 µg/m3.
NOx: The maximum value for NOx observed at Chagodar 31.9 µg/m3 and minimum value for
NOx at Navapura Village 19.8 µg/m3.
Results and Conclusions
The results of the monitored data indicate that the ambient air quality of the region in
general is conformity with respect to norms of National Ambient Air Quality standards of
CPCB/MoEF, at all locations monitored.
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3.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
Noise pollution is unwanted human-created sound that disrupts the environment. Monitoring
of noise is required to measure the background noise level to estimate the increment in
noise level after installation of any industry. The noise level was measured at Seven
locations in the study area, description of the locations was given in Table 3.1 earlier in this
chapter.
The details of equipment used in noise monitoring are as follows: -
Type of equipment - Sound level meter
Make - Lutron
Model - SL 4030
Least count - 30 dB(A)
The statistical analysis is done for measured noise levels and is analyzed for Leqday &
Leqnight. The statistical analysis results are given below
Table 3.8:
Ambient Noise Monitoring Results
Date of sampling : 15/10/2012 to 16/10/2012 Sl. No.
Hour S1 - Project
Site
S2 - Vishalpur
S3 - Changodar Industrial
Area
S4 - Tajpur
S5 - Changodar
S6 - Navapura
S7 - NH-8A
01 06:00 am - 07:00 am 45.3 44.8 47.2 42.8 44.6 45.2 57.6
02 07:00 am - 08:00 am 49.5 46.4 50.4 44.2 45.7 46.8 61.2
03 08:00 am - 09:00 am 53.5 48.2 53.8 46.3 46.8 48.1 62.4
04 09:00 am - 10:00 am 53.2 49.6 54.2 46.6 48.9 49.2 63.9
05 10:00 am - 11:00 am 52.4 50.6 54.6 48.2 51.4 49.8 63.4
06 11:00 am - 12:00 pm 53.5 52.3 54.8 49.2 52.3 47.2 62.6
07 12:00 pm - 01:00 pm 52.4 49.8 53.5 49.6 53.7 46.6 63.4
08 01:00 pm - 02:00 pm 52.7 47.9 52.9 48.2 52.8 48.9 64.1
09 02:00 pm - 03:00 pm 51.5 46.8 52.4 49.6 52.7 49.8 63.4
10 03:00 pm - 04:00 pm 51.8 47.2 52.8 49.8 52.8 46.2 62.6
11 04:00 pm - 05:00 pm 52.7 47.9 51.9 48.3 53.4 47.3 61.5
12 05:00 pm - 06:00 pm 50.4 46.2 53.7 49.2 52.5 46.6 61.2
13 06:00 pm - 07:00 pm 49.8 50.3 54.2 47.3 53.4 46.8 60.8
14 07:00 pm - 08:00 pm 49.5 48.3 53.6 46.3 51.5 47.2 60.4
15 08:00 pm - 09:00 pm 48.6 48.7 51.5 45.2 48.5 45.5 58.5
16 09:00 pm - 10:00 pm 49.2 49.6 49.2 44.1 46.4 44.1 59.2
17 10:00 pm - 11:00 pm 48.4 47.3 48.5 43.2 45.2 42.3 57.5
18 11:00 pm - 12:00 pm 45.8 42.1 47.6 40.2 43.6 40.1 54.2
19 12:00 pm - 01:00 am 44.2 42.3 46.8 41.2 40.5 39.5 52.4
20 01:00 am - 02:00 am 39.8 40.2 41.5 40.9 38.6 37.1 53.5
21 02:00 am - 03:00 am 40.2 39.1 42.1 37.2 36.8 36.6 52.8
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Date of sampling : 15/10/2012 to 16/10/2012 Sl. No.
Hour S1 - Project
Site
S2 - Vishalpur
S3 - Changodar Industrial
Area
S4 - Tajpur
S5 - Changodar
S6 - Navapura
S7 - NH-8A
22 03:00 am - 04:00 am 40.9 38.2 41.2 37.6 37.2 37.5 52.9
23 04:00 am - 05:00 am 42.5 40.2 43.5 39.4 38.6 40.1 53.8
24 05:00 am - 06:00 am 44.6 42.5 46.5 41.5 42.9 43.5 55.2
Leq (day) 50.85 48.35 52.31 46.95 50.15 46.92 61.39 Leq (night) 42.57 40.66 44.17 39.71 39.74 39.20 53.54
Note: All values are expressed in dB(A) Day time shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m. and Night time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m.
Observations For the location S1-S6, the daytime (Leqday) noise levels are observed to be in the range of
46.92 –52.31dB(A) which are within the prescribed limit of 55 dB(A).The nighttime (Leqnight)
Noise levels are observed to be in the range of 39.20- 44.17(A) Which are within the
prescribed limit of 45 dB(A).
The noise level (Leq) at National highway-8A (S-7) nearer to project site is higher because of
vehicular traffic both during day and nighttime, however it is within the limit of65 dB(A)& 55
dB(A)prescribed by CPCB for the category of commercial area respectively during day and
night time.
Assessment of existing noise level within premises revealed that adequate control measures
are taken by the industries to control the noise within the plant premises and monitoring data
also shows that noise within the industrial premise is well below compare to noise level
standard given by OSHA to avoid noise damage to workers. Results of the existing plant
monitoring is attached as Annexure-VII
3.7 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
3.7.1 Period of the study and Study area
Floral and faunal survey was carried out in the core and buffer zone of the project area.
Sampling was carried out covering various habitats falling in the 10 km radius from the
proposed project location.
3.7.2 Methodology adopted for Biodiversity Study
Aim of the sampling was to inventorize various floral and faunal groups of the project study
area. Random plot sampling was carried out to prepare inventory of floral and faunal groups
covering various habitats of the project study area. Moreover literature review was
conducted to identify the representative spectrum of threatened species, population and
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ecological communities listed by IUCN, WCMC, ZSI, BSI and Indian wild Life Protection act,
1972. Present study was carried out to identify the floral and faunal diversity, to identify the
endangered species of flora and fauna.
I. Sampling Methods
Flora
Floral inventory was done following standard sampling techniques. Random quadrates
were laid in order to quantify the vegetation of the study site. Quadrate size for trees was 10
x 10 m, for shrubs it was 3 x 3 m and for herbs it was 1 x 1m. Plots of 5 x 5 m and 1 x 1 m
were laid within the tree quadrate at each corner to record shrubs and herbs respectively. In
each quadrate, species and their total individuals were recorded.
Avifauna
Point count method was adopted for counting the birds. Also, opportunistic sightingsof the
birds were also recorded. Moreover, Identification by calls was also made for species which
were not directly encountered or were hidden in the vegetation or canopy.
Herpetofauna
Amphibians and reptiles recorded during active searches in the buses of herbs/shrubs,
under boulders etc. and identified by visual characteristics. Aquatic searches involved
examining each type of aquatic habitat.
Mammals
Evidences of mammals were documented by using both direct sightings and indirect
evidences i.e. animal burrows/holes, scats, pellets, droppings and tracks Opportunistic
sightings were also included. Circular Plots were used to search indirect evidences.
3.7.3 ECOLOGY Producer, consumer and decomposer govern whole cycle of ecology. Plant and animal both
are interdependent to each other. Producer is necessary for each consumer. Plant plays
their role in ecology as producer. Plant, animals and microorganism together with the
environment in which they live make of an independent unit called the Eco system.
Ecology in essence is the study of the living and non-living components, interaction of
community and the environment and exchange of material (energy and nutrient) between
Apart from the all above methods, interviews of the local peoples were also
conducted to strengthen the inventory of the floral and faunal groups of the study
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living and non-living parts. A community includes all organisms in the given area interacting
with the abiotic environment. Due to the geographic location and climatic conditions of
Gujarat, flora and fauna are not monotonous in nature.
The ecology of the study area is briefly discussed in this subsection. The study area is
mostly surrounded by rural area. The land use pattern use shows the major portion covered
by irrigated land. The climate of area is surrounded by pleasant climatic conditions
supporting thick natural vegetation cover. Besides the natural vegetation, several species of
trees are planted and are thriving well in the study area. The common species of the trees,
bushes and grasses found in study area are as under:
Table- 3.9:
Floral species in the Study Area
Sr. No.
Life Form
Family Scientific Name Vernacular
Name 1. Trees Alangiaceae Alangium salvifolium Wang Ankol
2. Anacardiaceae Mangifera indica L. Ambo
3. Annonaceae Annona squamosa L. Sitaphal
4. Polylathia longifolia B. & H. Asopalav
5. Apocynaceae Plumeria rubra L. Champo
6. Alstonia scholaris (Linn.) R.Br.
7. Araceae Borassus flabellifer L. Tad
8. Cocos nucifera L. Nariyali
9. Phoenix sylvestris Roxb. Khajuri
10. Bombacaceae Bombax ceiba Roxb. Simdo
11. Caesalpiniaceae Bauhinia racemosa Lamk. Asatrai Sonu
12. Bauhinia purpurea L. Kanchnar
13. Cassia fistula L. Garmalo
14. Cassia siamea Lamk. --
15. Parkinsonia aculeata L Rambaval
16. Delonix regia Raf. Gulmohur
17. Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Backer ex Heyne
Sonmukhi
18. Tamarindus indica L. Amli
19. Capparaceae Crateva nurvala Buch.Hamm Vaivarno
20. Casuarinaceae Casuarina equisetifolia Frost. Vilayati sharu
21. Combretaceae Terminalia crenulata L. Sadad
22. Terminalia catappa L. Deshi Badam
23. Ebenaceae Diospyros cordifolia Roxb. Dheki
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Sr. No.
Life Form
Family Scientific Name Vernacular
Name 24. Ehretiaceae Cordia dichotoma Forst. Gunda
25. Cordia gharaf (Forsk.) E. & A. Gunda
26. Euphorbiaceae Emblica officinalis Gaertn. Ambla
27. Gramineae Dendrocalamus strictus Nees. Vans
28. Malvaceae Thespesia populnea Soland. Paras piplo
29. Meliaceae Azadirachta indica A.Juss Limbado
30. Melia azadirachta L. Bakan limdo
31. Melia composita Willd. Limbara
32. Mimosaceae
Acacia nilotica (L.) Del.subsp.indica (Bth.) Brenan
Baval
33. Acacia chundra (Roxb.ex Rottl.) Willd. Khair
34. Albizia lebbeck (L.) Bth Siris
35. Albizia procera (Roxb.) Bth Kalo siris
36. Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Pardesi Baval
37. Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Bth Gorasmli
38. Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce Khyigdo
39. Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC Gadobaval
40. Moraceae Ficus benghalensis L Vad
41. Ficus religiosa L Piplo
42. Ficus racemosa L. Umaro
43. Streblus aspera Lour. Harero
44. Moringaceae Moringa oleifera Lam Sargavo
45. Myrtaceae Eucalyptus citriodora Hk Nilgari
46. Callistemon cistrinus L Bottle brush
47. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Jambu
48. Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr.
Shevari
49. Rhamnaceae Zizyphus glabrata Heyne ex Roth. Bor
50. Zizyphus mauritiana Lam. Bordi
51. Rubiaceae Mitragyna parvifolia Korth. Kadamb
52. Rutaceae Aegle marmelos Corr. Bili Patra
53. Citrus limon Burm Limbu
54. Limonia acidissima L. Kothu
55. Salvadoraceae Salvadora persica L Piludo
56. Salvadora oleoides Done. Piludi
57. Sapotaceae Madhuca indica L. Mahudo
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Sr. No.
Life Form
Family Scientific Name Vernacular
Name 58. Manilkara hexandra Dubard. Rayan
59. Mimusops elengi L. Borsalli
60. Manilkara zapota (L.) van Chikoo
61. Simaroubaceae Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Moto Arduso
62. Sterculiaceae Sterculia foetida L. -
63. Ulmaceae Haloptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. Kanjo
64. Verbenaceae Tectona grandis L. Sag
1. Shrubs Apocynaceae Thevetia peruviana Merr. Pidi Karen
2. Nerium indicum L. Karen
3. Asclepiadaceae Calotropis procera Br. Akdo
4. Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Forsk.)Decne
Khip
5. Bignoniaceae Tecoma stans (L.) H.B.& K. Peilafol
6. Capparaceae Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew Kerdo
7. Cadaba fruticosa (L.) Druce Batkani
8. Capparis sepiaria L. Kanthar
9. Capparis spinosa L. Kantharo
10. Caesalpiniaceae Cassia auriculata L. Aval
11. Convolvulaceae Ipomoea fistulosa Mart. Ex Choisy Nasarmo
12. Caesalpinia crista L.
13. Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia nivulia Buch. – Ham. Thor
14. Jatropha curcas L. Ratanjot
15. Jatropha gossypifolia L. Paerdesi divalo
16. Kirganelia reticulata (Poir.) Baill. Kamboi
17. Ricinus communis L. Divalo
18. Malvaceae Abutilon indicum Sweet. Khapat
19. Gossypium herbaceum L.Var.acerifolium (Guill. & Perr.)
Kapas
20. Papilionaceae Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Tuver
21. Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr. Shevari
22. Mimosaceae Prosopis juliflora DC. Gando bavad
23. Acacia torta L
24. Rhamnaceae Zizyphus glabrata Heyne ex Ro Bor
25. Zizyphus nummularia Wt. et Arn. Chani
bor
26. Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk. Bor
27. Verbenaceae Lawsonia inermis L. Mendhi
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Sr. No.
Life Form
Family Scientific Name Vernacular
Name 28. Clerodendrum inerme Goertn. Kadvi mendhi
29. Clerodendrum multiflorum (Burm.f.) O.Ktze
Arni
30. Lantana camera L. Gadhati
3.7.3 CULTIVATED PLANTS IN THE STUDY AREA
The agricultural practices are the main activity of the villagers in the study area. The
study area is one of the important paddy and wheat growing areas of Ahmedabad
district. The plants of economic importance occurring in the study area are grouped
under the following different categories.
Major Crops:
Major crop in the study area is Rice (Oryza sativa L.) which is cultivated after the
monsoon. During the winter months a second crop of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and
Castor (Ricinus communis) are practiced in this area.
Minor crops :
Minor crops practiced in this region were, Medicago sativa (Rajko or Lachko), Tuwar
(Cajanus indica), Brinjal (Solanum melongena), Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), Tomato
(Lycopersicon lycopersicum), Mustard (Brassica juncea L.), Chilly (Capsicum annum),
Moong (Vigna angularis), Jowar (Sorghum bicolor ), Bajri (Pennisetum typhoides ), and
Zea mays (maize).
Pulses:
The pulses cultivated in this area were Tuwar (Cajanus indica) ,Moong (Vignaangularis),
rhar (Cajanus cajan), Urd (Vigna radiata )
Vegetables :
The vegetables grown in the study area were, Bhindi (Abelmoschusesculentus),
Cabbage (Brassica oleraceae), Dhania (Coriandrum sativum),Kakdi (Cucumis sativa),
Mircha (Capsicum ananum), Pudina (Menthaarvensis), Bengan (Solanum melongena.),
and Tamator (Lycopersiconlycopersicum)
3.7.4 RARE AND ENDANGERED FLORA IN THE STUDY AREA
No rare and endangered flora was observed during the study period.
3.7.5 FAUNAL BIODIVERSITY OF THE STUDY AREA
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For the documentation of the faunal biodiversity of the study area a survey had been
conducted within study area, within 10 km radius from plant site. This report is based on
a short duration study. The following lists do not include many other species which might
occur in this part of Ahmedabad, either as resident or as migrant.
TABLE NO. 3.10
Systematic List of Birds In The Study Area With Its Distribution And
Migratory Status
Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name Dist.
I ORDER: ANSERIFORMES
Family: Anatidae (Ducks and teals)
Mallard Mallard Anas platyrhynchos W
Shoveller Northern Shoveller Anas clypeata W
ORDER: APODIFORMES
Family: Apodidae (swifts )
Common Swift Apus apus r
House swift Little Swift Apus affinis R
II ORDER: CICONIFORMES
Family: Accipitridae (vulture, Sparrow hawk, Eagle, Harrier, Kite and Vulture)
Shikra Shikra Accipiter badius R
Sparrow-hawk Eurasian Sparrow-hawk Accipiter nisus R
Common Pariakh Kite Black Kite Milvus migrans R
Family: Anhingidae
Darter or Snake Birds Oriental Darter Anhinga melanogaster R
Family: Ardeidae (heron, Egret, Bittern)
Night Heron Black-crowned Night- Heron
Nycticorax nycticorax R
Pond Heron Indian Pond-Heron Ardeola grayii R
Great White-bellied Heron
White-bellied Heron Ardea insignis r
Cattle Egret Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis R
Large Egret Great Egret Casmerodius albus Ardea alba
Rw
Median or Smaller Egret Intermediate Egret Mesophoyx intermedia Egretta intermedia
R
Little Egret Little Egret Egretta garzetta R
Indian Reef Heron Western Reef-Egret Egretta gularis R
Family: Charadriidae (Plover, Stilt, Oystercatcher, Lapwing, Avocet )
Black-winged Stilt Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus R
Avocet Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta rW
Red-wattled Lapwing Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus R
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Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name Dist.
Yellow-wattled Lapwing Yellow-wattled Lapwing Vanellus malabaricus R
Family: Ciconiidae (Open bill, stork, Adjutant)
Open bill stork Asian Open bill Anastomus oscitans R
Painted Stork Painted Stork Mycteria leucocephala R
White necked Stork Woolly-necked Stork Ciconia episcopus R
White stork White Stork Ciconia ciconia W
Family: Falconidae (Falcon, Flconet and Hobby)
Laggar Falcon
Laggar Falcon Falco jugger F.biarmicus jugger
R
Family: Phalacrocoracidae ( Cormorant)
Large Cormorant Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo RW
Indian Shag Indian Cormorant Phalacrocorax fuscicollis R
Little Cormorant Little Cormorant Phalacrocorax niger R
Family: Podicipedidae (Grebe)
Little Grebe Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis R
Family: Pteroclidae (Sandgrouse)
Indian Sandgrouse Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse
Pterocles exustus R
Family: Scolopacidae
Bar-tailed Godwit Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica W
Curlew Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata W
Ruff Ruff Philomachus pugnax W
Family: Threskiornithidae (Spoonbill and Ibis)
Black Ibis Red-napped Ibis Pseudibis papillosa R
White Ibis Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus R
III ORDER: COLUMBIFORMES
Family: Columbidae (Pigeon, Dove)
Blue Rock Pigeon Rock Pigeon Columba livia R
Common Green Pigeon Yellow-footed Green- Pigeon
Treron phoenicoptera R
Ring Dove Eurasian Collared-Dove Streptopelia decaocto R
Rufous Turtle Dove Oriental Turtle-Dove Streptopelia orientalis RW
IV : ORDER: CORACIIFORMES
Family: Alcedinidae (King fisher)
Small Blue King Fisher Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis R
Blue-eared Kingfisher Blue-eared Kingfisher Alcedo meninting R
Family: Dacelonidae (King fishers)
White breasted Kingfisher
White-throated Kingfisher
Halcyon smyrnensis R
Brown Headed StorkbilledKingfisher
Stork-billed Kingfisher Pelargopsis capensis R
Family: Coraciidae (Roller)
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Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name Dist.
Blue Jay or Roller Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis R
Family: Meropidae (Bee Eater)
Chestnut-headed Beeeater
Chestnut-headed Bee-eater
Merops leschenaulti R
Small Green bee-eater Little Green Bee-eater Merops orientalis R
Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus Merops superciliosus
R
Blue-tailed Bee-eater Blue-tailed Bee-eater Merops philippinus R
V. ORDER: CUCULIFORMES
Family: Centropodidae (Cocucal)
Crow-Pheasant or Coucal
Greater Coucal Centropus sinensis R
Family: Cuculidae (cuckoo, Koel)
Koel Asian Koel Eudynamys scolopacea R
Indian Drongo Cuckoo Drongo Cuckoo Surniculus lugubris R
Cuckoo Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus R
Indian Cuckoo Indian Cuckoo Cuculus micropterus R
VI. ORDER: GALLIFORMES
Family: Phasianidae (Peafowl , Patridge, Quail, francolin, spurfowl, junglefowl, Monal, ) Grey Partridge Grey Francolin Francolinus pondicerianus R
Common Quail Common Quail Coturnix coturnix R
VII. ORDER: GRUIFORMES
Family: Gruidae (Crane)
Sarus Crane Sarus Crane Grus antigone R
Family: Rallidae ( Waterhen, coot, crake water cock, Moorhen, Rail,)
White-breasted Waterhen
White-breasted Waterhen
Amaurornis phoenicurus R
Coot Common Coot Fulica atra RW
Indian Moorhen Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus R
VII. ORDER: PASSERIFORMES
Family: Paridae (Tit )
Grey Tit Great Tit Parus major R
Family: Corvidae
Large Cuckoo-shrike Large Cuckoo-shrike Coracina macei Coracina novaehollandiae
R
Raven Common Raven Corvus corax R
House Crow House Crow Corvus splendens R
Tree Pie Rufous Tree pie Dendrocitta vagabunda R
Black drongo- King Crow
Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus Dicrurus adsimilis
R
Golden-Oriole Eurasian Golden-Oriole Oriolus oriolus R
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Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name Dist.
White-browed Fantail White-browed Fantail Rhipidura aureola R
Common Woodshrike Common Wood shrike Tephrodornis pondicerianus R
Family: Laniidae (shrike)
Rufousbacked Shrike Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach R
Grey Shrike Northern Shrike Lanius excubitor R
Family: Muscicapidae ( Short wing, Chat, Robin, Shama
Shama White-rumped Shama Copsychus malabaricus R
Magpie-Robin Oriental Magpie-Robin Copsychus saularis R
Indian Robin Indian Robin Saxicoloides fulicata R
Pied Bushchat Pied Bushchat Saxicola caprata R
Family: Nectariniidae ( Sun Birds, Flowerpecker, Spider hunter )
Purple Sunbird Purple Sunbird Nectarinia asiatica R
Maroonbreasted Suinbird
Long-billed Sunbird Nectarinia lotenia R
Small Sunbird Crimson-backed Sunbird
Nectarinia minima R
Family: Passeridae ( Avadavat, Pipit, wagtail, Munia, Snowfinch, sparrow, weaver ,Accentor) House Sparrow House Sparrow Passer domesticus R
Red Munia Red Avadavat Amandava amandava Estrilda amandava
R
Forest Wagtail Forest Wagtail Dendronanthus indicus Motacilla indica
rW
Blackthroated Weaver Bird
Black-breasted Weaver Ploceus benghalensis R
Streaked Weaver Streaked Weaver Ploceus manyar R
Family: Pycnonotidae (Bulbul, finchbil)
Black-headed Bulbul Black-headed Bulbul Pycnonotus atriceps R
Red-vented Bulbul Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer R
Family: Sturnidae (Myna, Starling)
Bank Myna Bank Myna Acridotheres ginginianus R
Indian Myna Common Myna Acridotheres tristis R
Brahminy Myna Brahminy Starling Sturnus pagodarum R
Rosy pastor Rosy Starling Sturnus roseus WM
Starling Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris WM
Family: Sylviidae ( Warbler, Browning, Fulvetta, Babbler, Laughing thrash, Tailor birds) Paddyfield Warbler Paddyfield Warbler Acrocephalus agricola R
Yellow-eyed Babbler Yellow-eyed Babbler Chrysomma sinense R
Common Babbler Common Babbler Turdoides caudatus R
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Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name Dist.
Jungle Babbler Jungle Babbler Turdoides striatus R
Tailorbird Common Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius R
IX. ORDER: PSITTACIFORMES
Family: Psittacidae (Parrot and Parakeet)
Rose-ringed Parakeet Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri R
Himalayan Slatyheaded Parakeet
Slaty-headed Parakeet Psittacula himalayana R
X. ORDER: UPUPIFORMES
Family: Upupidae
Hoopoe Eurasian Hoopoe Upupa epops RW
3.7.6 Mammals :
The wild mammals observed other than domesticated ones from the study area is documented in the table below.
TABLE NO. 3.11
Mammals from the Study Area
Sr. No.
Common Name Scientific Name
1. Three striped Palm squirrel Funambulus palmarum ( Linnaeus) 2. Indian field mouse Mus booduga (Gray)
3. House rat Rattus rattus (Linnaeus)
4. Black napped hare Lepus nigricollis nigricollis (F. Cuvier)
5. Indian flying fox Pteropus giganteus 6. Nilgai Boselaphus tragocamelus (Pallas)
3.8 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
The assessment of socio economic environment forms an integral part of an EIA study. This
section includes the present status of the socio-economic environment in the study area. To
determine the baseline socio-economic pattern, at and around the project site, the required
data have been obtained from Published data i.e. District Census Handbook of District
Ahmedabad; issued by the State Government covering Taluka Daskroi and Sanand. Socio-
economic base line data were collected for the following three major indicators:
1. Demographic Structure (District Census Handbook, 2001)
2. Economic Structure (District Census Handbook CD, 2001)
3. Availability of Basic Amenities (District Census Handbook, 2001)
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The major demographic and economic structure classification of the remaining study area is
placed into Population, Literacy Rate and workers details.
3.8.1 Objectives
The broad objectives of the socio-economic impact assessment are as follows:
1. To study the socio-economic status of the people living in the study area of the
proposed drug manufacturing unit.
2. To assess the impact on socio-economic environment due to proposed drug
manufacturing unit.
3. To evaluate the community development measures proposed to be taken up by the
Project Proponent, if any.
4. To suggest Community Development measures that needs to be taken for the study
area.
3.8.2 Methodology
The methodology adopted for impact assessment is as follows:
1. The details of the activities and population structure have been obtained from
Census 2001 and analyzed.
2. On the basis of a preliminary reconnaissance survey, A questionnaire was developed
to make it suitable to fulfill the objectives of the study.
3. Primary data was collected by a door-to-door survey in sample villages and
households living therein. The data collected during the above survey was analyzed
to evaluate the prevailing socio-economic profile of the area.
4. Based on the above data, impacts due to Synthetic resin manufacturing unit on the
community have been assessed and recommendations for further improvement have
been made.
3.8.3 Concept & Definition
a) Study Area: The study area, also known as impact area has been defined as the sum
total of core area/project area and buffer area with a radius of 10 Kilometers from the
periphery of the core area/project is. The study area includes all the land marks both
natural and manmade, falling herein.
b) GIS: The Geographic Information System (GIS) is tool that involves hardware,
software, trained manpower for geo-spatial analysis of data..
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c) Household: A group of persons who normally live together and take their meals from a
common kitchen are called a household. Persons living in a household may be related or
unrelated or a mix of both. However, if a group of related or unrelated persons live in a
house but do not take their meals from the common kitchen, then they are not part of a
common household. Each such person is treated as a separate household. There may
be one member households, two member households or multi-member households.
d) Sex ratio: Sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population. It is expressed as
'number of females per 1000 males'.
e) Literates: All persons aged 7 years and above who can both read and write with
understanding in any language are taken as literate. It is not necessary for a person to
have received any formal education or passed any minimum educational standard for
being treated as literate. People who are blind but can read in Braille are also treated as
literates.
f) Literacy rate: Literacy rate of population is defined as the percentage of literates to the
total population aged 7 years and above.
g) Labour Force: The labour force is the number of people employed and unemployed in
a geographical entity. The size of the labour force is the sum total of persons employed
and unemployed. An unemployed person is defined as a person not employed but
actively seeking work. Normally, the labour force of a country consists of everyone of
working age (around 14 to 16) and below retirement (around 65) that are participating
workers, that is people actively employed or seeking employment. People not counted
under labour force are students, retired persons, stay-at home parents, people in prisons
and discouraged workers.
h) Work: Work is defined as participation in any economically productive activity with or
without compensation, wages or profit. Such participation may be physical and/or mental
in nature. Work involves not only actual work but also includes effective supervision and
direction of work. The work may be part time or full time or unpaid work in a farm, family
enterprise or in any other economic activity.
i) Worker: All persons engaged in 'work' are defined as workers. Persons who are
engaged in cultivation or milk production even solely for domestic consumption are also
treated as workers.
j) Main Workers: Those workers who had worked for the major part of the reference
period (i.e. 6 months or more) are termed as Main Workers.
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k) Marginal Workers: Those workers who did not work for the major part of the reference
period (i.e. less than 6 months) are termed as Marginal Workers
l) Work participation rate: The work participation rate is the ratio between the labour force
and the overall size of their cohort (national population of the same age range). In the
present study the work participation rate is defined as the percentage of total workers
(main and marginal) to total population.
3.8.4Description of the Study Area:
Nirav Chemical Industries proposes to manufacture Synthetic Resin within their existing
industrial unit located at Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway,
Vill. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad in Gujarat. In the administrative map, it is
clearly indicated that, the Roads in the study area is well connected with villages and
districts. Also, within 1.0 km from the site area there is a connecting railway line. It shows
that, the study area has well-developed infrastructure facilities. These villages, districts are
well connected with each other. It clearly shows that all villages will be benefitted by the
upcoming industry in terms of employment, and other social benefits proposed by the
proponent as part of CSR activities.
3.8.5Socio Economic Status of the People in the Study Area
In the below given thematic map the socio-economic status of the people in the study area is
given. The map indicates that, the study area is suffixed with electricity board. This shows
that the infrastructure of the study area is well developed. The pictures in the thematic map
indicate the living conditions of the village.
3.8.6Population of the study area
The study area constitutes of Three Taluka of Ahmedabad district, these are 1) Sanand 2)
Dholka 3) Daskroi and 4) Ahmadabad city. A wide variation in the study area has been
observed by the surveyors. There are total 10 villages from all the study area have
population of < 2000 individuals, 6 villages have 2000-3000 individual, 8 villages have
population of 3000-4000 individuals and 6 villages have more than 4000 individuals.
Ahmadabad city have total population is around 1,80,000 individuals.
The district has a predominantly Hindu population. About 84.19 percent persons are Hindus.
11.03% Muslims, Jain 3.57% and the Christian are 0.86%. Among other 0.12% are Sikhs,
0.03% Buddhists and 0.12% other religions and persuasions.
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3.8.7Illiterates and SC & ST Population of the Study Area
The Schedule Caste and Schedule Tribe population in the study area is not much. Schedule
caste people are higher in number than Schedule Tribe population in all most of the villages.
The maximum number of schedule caste and Schedule Tribe population found in
Ahmedabad city and Mandanpua village and Bhat village.
The Figures given in Table 3.12 indicate the illiteracy levels of the study area. Illiteracy rate
in the study area is lower. 10 villages have illiterates less than 1000, 15 villages have an
illiteracy between 1000-2000, in 4 villages have between 2000-4000 individuals are illiterate.
In Ahmedabad urban area more than 40,000 individuals are illiterates.
3.8.8Literacy Rate in the Study Area
In study area the literacy is fair. In the study area, In Ahmedabad city the literacy rate is
much higher. Around 75% individuals are literate in Ahmedabad city. In 8 villages have
2000-5000 individuals are literates, 9 villages have 1500-2000 individuals are literates, 11
villages have 500-1500 individuals are literates and only one village have around 200
individuals are literates. Literacy rate in percentage is shown in the below Figure.3.5.
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-III/ Description of Environment
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Table - 3.12: Demographic Profile of the Study area
Sr. No.
Villages Taluka House-
hold
Population Literates Literacy Rate %
SCPopulation
STPopulation
Area (ha)
Area (sq
km.)
Population density
per sq km. Male Female Total Male Female Total
1 Shela
Sanand
726 1948 1816 3764 1179 585 1764 46.87 343 45 857.20 8.57 439.10
2 Telav 592 1481 1449 2930 997 563 1560 53.24 45 0 691.00 6.91 424.02
3 Jivanpura (Sanathal)
949 2519 2397 4916 1796 1165 2961 60.23 112 0 1,575.70 15.76 311.99
4 Vasna
Chacharavadi 485 1177 1061 2238 871 568 1439 64.30 727 27 1,138.50 11.39 196.57
5 Matoda 341 969 887 1856 595 236 831 44.77 68 5 562.00 5.62 330.25
6 Sari 318 876 856 1732 629 340 969 55.95 239 26 685.00 6.85 252.85
7 Tajpur 1169 601 568 1169 420 243 663 56.72 83 0 552.40 5.52 211.62
8 Modasar 941 2561 2247 4808 1794 1016 2810 58.44 427 0 1,937.70 19.38 248.13
9 Palwada 296 847 821 1668 591 311 902 54.08 193 0 509.30 5.09 327.51
10 Nani Devti 381 1058 929 1987 731 422 1153 58.03 657 0 385.10 3.85 515.97
11 Moti Devti 425 1185 1131 2316 760 484 1244 53.71 165 0 763.30 7.63 303.42
12 Moraiya 768 1977 1717 3694 1320 796 2116 57.28 651 60 1,296.90 12.97 284.83
13 Changodar 679 1700 1544 3244 996 519 1515 46.70 341 17 704.50 7.05 460.47
14 Soyla 317 913 880 1793 573 203 776 43.28 120 1 550.40 5.50 325.76
15 Kolat 654 1748 1608 3356 1002 547 1549 46.16 271 0 1,009.30 10.09 332.51
16 Navapura 587 1556 1449 3005 1056 636 1692 56.31 227 0 451.70 4.52 665.26
17 Kanety 336 930 829 1759 637 484 1121 63.73 185 0 556.00 5.56 316.37
18
Ganasharpura (Pipan)
584 1602 1475 3077 1042 614 1656 53.82 324 0 957.00 9.57 321.53
19 Badrabad 78 241 224 465 147 55 202 43.44 0 0 194.40 1.94 239.20
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-III/ Description of Environment
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Sr. No.
Villages Taluka House-
hold
Population Literates Literacy Rate %
SCPopulation
STPopulation
Area (ha)
Area (sq
km.)
Population density
per sq km. Male Female Total Male Female Total
20 Vanzar Navu
Daskroi
644 1564 1432 2996 1104 711 1815 60.58 337 101 537.70 5.38 557.19
21 Bakrol Navu 467 1260 1101 2361 971 735 1706 72.26 259 0 710.00 7.10 332.54
22 Kamod 407 1071 981 2052 733 496 1229 59.89 264 65 557.70 5.58 367.94
23 Ode 344 993 872 1865 689 421 1110 59.52 360 6 675.80 6.76 275.97
24 Visalpur 775 2025 1797 3822 1492 925 2417 63.24 343 101 1,751.80 17.52 218.18
25 Miroli 624 1606 1406 3012 980 560 1540 51.13 693 120 1,107.40 11.07 271.99
26 Kasindra
(Mota Chhapara)
1444 3611 3357 6968 2328 1313 3641 52.25 650 8 2,030.70 20.31 343.13
27 Bhat 987 2638 2473 5111 1694 1057 2751 53.83 1093 4 1,579.70 15.80 323.54
28 Mandanpura (Badrakha)
Dholka 1699 4828 4170 8998 3372 2078 5450 60.57 1754 17 1,075.00 10.75 837.02
29 Kavitha (Sorada)
849 2201 1923 4124 1570 872 2442 59.21 610 0 1,582.00 15.82 260.68
30 Ahmedabad Urban Area
City
36462 94967 82633 177600 76150 58409 134559 75.77 5339 767 30,414.00 304.14 583.94
Total 55328 142653 126033 268686 108219 77364 185583 69.07 16880 1370 57399 574 10879
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-III/ Description of Environment
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Graph 3.4(A): Details of Population Density
0.00
100.00
200.00
300.00
400.00
500.00
600.00
700.00
800.00
900.00
Shela
Telav
Jivan
pura
(San
atha
l)
Vasna
Cha
char
avad
iM
atod
a
Sari
Tajpur
Mod
asar
Palwad
aNan
i Dev
tiM
oti D
evti
Mor
aiya
Chang
odar
Soyla
Kolat
Navap
ura
Kanet
y
Ganas
harp
ura
(Pipa
n)Bad
raba
dVan
zar N
avu
Bakro
l Nav
uKam
od OdeVisa
lpur
Miro
li
Kasind
ra (M
ota
Chhap
ara)
Bhat
Man
danp
ura
(Bad
rakh
a)
Kavith
a (S
orad
a)
Ahmed
abad
City
Name of Village
Popu
latio
n De
nsity
per
Sq.
Km
.
Fig 3.5 Population density of the study area
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-III/ Description of Environment
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3.8.9 Economic Structure Economic aspects of the study area include the economical structure of the people of the
surrounding area. The geographical location, natural resources, business and employment,
industries and manpower play vital role in the economic development of any region. The
population can be divided into two groups in terms of employment Workers and Non-workers.
Workers are further categorized into Main workers and Marginal workers. Distribution of main
workers, marginal workers and non-workers of total population is presented in Table - 3.13 and %
distribution of each category is shown in Fig: - 3.6.
Table – 3.13
Distributions of Workers in the Study Area
Sr. No.
Village Taluka PopulationMain
Workers Marginal Workers
Non Workers Employment Ratio (%)
Total % Total % Total %
1 Shela
Sanand
3764 1204 31.99 3 0.08 2442 64.88 35.12
2 Telav 2930 800 27.30 1 0.03 1771 60.44 39.56
3 Jivanpura (Sanathal)
4916 1519 30.90 24 0.49 3105 63.16 36.84
4 Vasna
Chacharavadi 2238 275 12.29 5 0.22 1272 56.84 43.16
5 Matoda 1856 598 32.22 0 0.00 989 53.29 46.71
6 Sari 1732 755 43.59 0 0.00 662 38.22 61.78
7 Tajpur 1169 391 33.45 1 0.09 664 56.80 43.20
8 Modasar 4808 1580 32.86 5 0.10 2353 48.94 51.06
9 Palwada 1668 1023 61.33 0 0.00 632 37.89 62.11
10 Nani Devti 1987 986 49.62 1 0.05 927 46.65 53.35
11 Moti Devti 2316 747 32.25 2 0.09 1262 54.49 45.51
12 Moraiya 3694 1103 29.86 35 0.95 2289 61.97 38.03
13 Changodar 3244 1481 45.65 2 0.06 1511 46.58 53.42
14 Soyla 1793 87 4.85 1 0.06 917 51.14 48.86
15 Kolat 3356 123 3.67 6 0.18 2112 62.93 37.07
16 Navapura 3005 1034 34.41 20 0.67 1524 50.72 49.28
17 Kanety 1759 23 1.31 0 0.00 1080 61.40 38.60
18 Ganasharpura
(Pipan) 3077 906 29.44 324 10.53 1656 53.82 46.18
19 Badrabad
Daskroi
465 206 44.30 0 0.00 227 48.82 51.18
20 Vanzar Navu
2996 1063 35.48 1 0.03 1922 64.15 35.85
21 Bakrol Navu 2361 1152 48.79 0 0.00 1117 47.31 52.69
22 Kamod 2052 627 30.56 2 0.10 1347 65.64 34.36
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23 Ode 1865 685 36.73 1 0.05 1085 58.18 41.82
24 Visalpur 3822 1222 31.97 13 0.34 2291 59.94 40.06
25 Miroli 3012 790 26.23 2 0.07 1480 49.14 50.86
26 Kasindra
(Mota Chhapara)
6968 2655 38.10 3 0.04 4093 58.74 41.26
27 Bhat 5111 1740 34.04 6 0.12 3246 63.51 36.49
28 Mandanpura (Badrakha)
Dholka 8998 2235 24.84 65 0.72 4671 51.91 48.09
29 Kavitha (Sorada)
4124 1956 47.43 1 0.02 1893 45.90 54.10
30 Ahmedabad Urban Area
Urban area
177600 53986 30.40 2569 1.45 121045 68.16 31.84
Total 268686 82952 965.87 3093 16.54 171585 1651.55 1348.45
Fig.: 3.6 Employment ratio of the study area
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-III/ Description of Environment
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3.8.9Basic Amenities in the study area:
The basic amenities available in study area with reference to education, medical, water resources,
post and telegraph, communication, power supply is given in Table – 3.14. All villages of the study
area have primary school and college. The brief summary of medical facilities available in study
area is given as under.
Chief Welfare Center 09
Primary Health Sub-Center 16
Public Health Center 29
Health Center 05
Community Health Worker / Health Worker 11
Hospital 28
Maternity & Child Welfare Centre 29
Family Welfare Center 09
Registered Private Medical Practitioner 13
In the study area drinking water facility is good as well water, tube well water and hand pump is
available almost in all the villages. Post office facility and telephone connection is available in all
villages. In the study all the villages are well connected through a network of Pucca road. Bus and
railway station is the main mode of transportation in all villages of the study area. The electricity is
available in all the villages of study area.
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-III/ Description of Environment
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Table – 3.14 Details of Basic Amenities Available In the Study Area
Taluka Name of Village
Education Medical Drinking WaterPost &
Telegraph Communication
Approach to village
Nearest Town and Distance
(in kms)
Power supply
Newspaper/ Magazine
Sanand
Shela P,C PHS,H,
MCW,PHC T,TW,W PO,PH BS, RS PR,MR,FP Sanand-9 ED,EAG N,M
Telav P,S,C CWC,PHS,FWC,
H,MCW,PHC T PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-5 EA N
Jivanpura (Sanathal)
P,C MCW,MH,CWC,HC,
PHC,PHS,FWC,TB,RMP,H T,TW, W,TK
PO,TO,PH BS, RS PR,MR,FPAhmedabad-
10 EA -
Vasna Chacharavadi
P,C,MCW,PHC PHS,H,C T,TW,TK PO,PH BS, RS PR,MR,FP Bavla-10 EA,Wheat N
Matoda P,C CWC,H,MCW,PHC T,HP,
TW,W,TK PO,PH BS, RS PR Bavla-07 EA -
Sari P,C H,MCW,PHC T,TW,
W,TK,C PO,PH BS, RS PR Bavla-02 EA N
Tajpur P,C H,MCW,PHC T PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-15 EA -
Modasar P,S,C H,D,CWC,HC,PHC,
PHS,FWC,RMP,CHW,MCWT,TW,W,TK PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-10 EA -
Palwada P,C CWC,PHS,H, MCW,PHC
T,HP, TW,W,TK
PO,PH BS, RS PR,FP Sanand-15 EA -
Nani Devti P,C CWC,HC,PHS,RMP,
H,MCW,PHC T,TW, W,TK
PO,PH BS, RS PR,FP Sanand-08 EA -
Moti Devti P,C H,MCW,PHC T,HP,TW PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-05 ED,EAG -
Moraiya P,S,C PHS,FWC,H,MCW,PHC T,HP PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-06 EA N,M
Changodar P,S,C CWC,PHS,FWC,
RMP,H,MCW,PHC T,TW PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-08 EA -
Soyla P,C PHS,FWC,RMP,
CHW,H,MCW,PHC T,TW, W,TK
PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-06 EA -
Kolat P,AC,C CHW,H,MCW,PHC T,TW PO,PH BS, RS PR Sarkhej-06 EA -
Navapura P,C H,MCW,PHC T PO,PH BS, RS PR Sarkhej-10 EA -
Kanety P,C H,MCW,PHC T,HP,TW,
W,TK PO,PH BS, RS PR,MR,FP Sanand-2 EA N,M
Ganasharpura (Pipan)
P,C CWC,H,MCW,PHC T,HP,TW,
W,TK PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-5 ED,EAG -
Sanand (Rural) P,C H,MCW,PHC T,TW,W,TK PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-4 EA N,M
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-III/ Description of Environment
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Taluka Name of Village
Education Medical Drinking WaterPost &
Telegraph Communication
Approach to village
Nearest Town and Distance
(in kms)
Power supply
Newspaper/ Magazine
Daskroi
Badrabad P,C RMP,CHW,H,
MCW,PHC T,TW PO,PH BS, RS PR
Ahmedabad-17
EA N,M
Vanzar Navu P,C RMP,CHW,H,
MCW,PHC T,TW,TK,O PO,PH BS, RS PR
Ahmedabad-10
EA N,M
Bakrol Navu P,C RMP,CHW,H,
MCW,PHC T,TW,W, TK,R,C
PO,PH BS, RS PR Ahmedabad-
20 EA N
Kamod P,C RMP,CHW,H,
MCW,PHC T,TW, W,R,O
PO,PH BS, RS PR Ahmedabad-
13 EA N,M
Ode P,C PHS,RMP,CHW,
H,MCW,PHC T,TW,W,
TK,O PO,PH BS, RS PR,MR,FP
Ahmedabad-15
EA N
Visalpur P,S,PUC,C CWC,PHS,CHW,
H,MCW,PHC T,TW,O PO,PH BS, RS PR
Ahmedabad-17
EA N,M
Miroli P,S,C PHS,FWC,RMP,
CHW,H,MCW,PHC T,TW,TK,R,O PO,PH BS, RS PR,FP
Ahmedabad-25
EA N,M
Kasindra (Mota Chhapara)
P,S,C HC,PHC,PHS,FWC, RMP,CHW,H,MCW
T,TW,W, TK,R,C,O
PO,PH BS, RS PR,MR Ahmedabad-
22 EA N,M
Bhat P,S,C PHS,RMP,CHW,
H,MCW,PHC T,TW,W,
TK,O PO,PH BS, RS PR,MR,FP Dholka-16 EA N,M
Dholka
Mandanpura (Badrakha)
P,S,C H,D,PHS,FWC,RMP,
CHW,MCW,PHC T,HP,W PO,PH BS, RS PR,MR Dholka-10 EA N
Kavitha (Sorada)
P,S,C RMP,H,MCW,PHC T PO,PH BS, RS PR,MR,FP Dholka-13 EA N,M
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-III/ Description of Environment
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List of Abbreviations Education Medical
P Primary or Elementary school
CWC Chief Welfare Center
C College PHS Primary Health Sub-Center
S Secondary School PHC Public Health Center
Post & Telegraph HC Health Center
PO Post Office CHW Community Health Worker / Health Worker
PH Telephone connection H Hospital
MCW Maternity & Child Welfare Centre
Drinking Water FWC Family Welfare Center
T Tap Water News Paper, Magazine
W Well Water N Newspaper
TK Tank Water M Magazine
TW Tube well Water Communication
HP Hand Pump BS Bus
Approach to Village RS Railway Station
PR Pucca Road Power Supply
MR Mud Road EA Electricity for all purpose
FP Foot Path ED Electricity for Domestic purpose EAG Electricity for Agriculture
SECTION IV
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACTS & ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT MEASURES
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
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SECTION – IV
INDEX
S. No. PARTICULARS Page No.
4.0 GENERAL 109
4.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT 109
4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT 110-120
4.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT 120-124
4.4 SOLID WASTE 125
4.5 NOISE POLLUTION 126
4.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 127-128
**********
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
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ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & ENVIRONMENT
MANAGEMENT MEASURES
4.0 GENERAL
Various operations involved in existing unit as well in proposed manufacturing process have
been studied to identify, predict and evaluate impacts on various environmental components
as discussed below. This will help to avoid, minimize and mitigate the pollution, which will be
generated from the proposed expansion.
1. Land Environment
2. Water Environment
3. Air Environment
4. Noise Environment
5. Solid Waste
6. Biological
4.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT
Impact and Management:-
This is the expansion project. The expansion will be carried out within the same existing
premises and the open land area available within existing premises will be utilized for
establishing the proposed plant and thus there will not be any significant topographical
change. The construction activity will be carried out for process plant, utility, storage area,
etc. for proposed expansion which will help in fixation of soil but some construction activities
will disturb the soil profile of that particular small area within the premises but the same will
temporary and have insignificant impact.
Following are the measures to minimize the impacts on land environment:-
About 20% of the total plot area will be developed as green belt.
There will not be any generation and hence disposal of industrial effluent due to
proposed expansion activity.
Hazardous waste will be stored on impervious surface with leachate collection system
before send it to TSDF site. Thus, there will not be any possibility of land contamination.
Traffic load will be slightly increased but approach roads are sufficient to support the
extra traffic load. However, proponent will co-operate with Govt. time to time in
strengthening of approach roads.
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
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4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT
Prediction of air pollution impacts is the most important component in the environmental
impact assessment studies. Several scientific techniques and methodologies are available to
predict impacts of developmental activities on physico, ecological and socioeconomic
environments. Such predictions are superimposed over the baseline (pre project) status of
environmental quality to derive the ultimate (post project) scenario of environmental
conditions. The prediction of impacts helps to identify the environmental management plan
required to be executed during and after commissioning the proposed expansion project to
minimize the adverse impacts on environmental quality. Both gaseous organic and inorganic
compounds, as well as particulates, may be emitted during manufacturing activities. The
details of the emission during construction phase and operation phase is given below.
4.2.1 Impact on Air Environment
A. During Construction Phase
Construction activities have the potential to generate a substantial amount of air pollution.
Construction activities that contribute to air pollution include: land clearing, operation of
diesel engines, burning, and working with toxic materials. Diesel is also responsible for
emission of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide. Noxious
vapors from oils, glues, thinners paints, treated woods, plastics, cleaners and other
hazardous chemicals that are widely used on construction sites, also contribute to air
pollution. The dust generation during construction will be suppressed through intensive water
spraying. The proper maintenance of equipment and transport vehicles will reduce
generation of gases.
During construction phase fugitive dust emission sources will be as under:
I. Construction Operation:
Fugitive dust emission is the main pollution, generated from the construction activities.
Construction site generate high levels of dust (typically from concrete, cement, wood, stone,
silica). Construction dust is classified as PM10 - particulate matter less than 10 microns in
diameter, invisible to the naked eye. However, the impact on the air quality during
construction phase will be localized, temporary and reversible in nature Particulate dust
emissions from the construction are a function of total land disturbed and the volume of soil
excavated. The ratio of PM2.5 to PM10 is assumed to be 0.20.
The emissions factors is estimated approximately 0.019 tons PM10/acre-month for
initial emissions estimate. The construction will be undertaken for about 708 sqm and
it will take about 4months for completion. Thus, emission will be 0.032 kg PM10 per
day only.
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II. Particulate Emission from Transportation:
When a vehicle travel on the road, particulate emissions occur due to direct emissions from
vehicles in the form of exhaust. The level of the emission depends upon the condition of the
road (paved/unpaved) and condition of vehicles. PM dust emissions from road construction
activities are a function of acres disturbed during construction. As most of the vehicle used in
plant are trucks and heavy vehicle which are diesel vehicles. Diesel engines breathe only air,
blow by gases from the crankcase (consisting primarily of air and HC) are rather low. Due to
its low volatility, evaporative emissions from the fuel tank can also be ignored. The low
concentration of CO and un-burnt Hydro Carbons in the diesel exhaust are compensated by
high concentration of NOx.
B. During Operation Phase
I. Process Emissions (Fugitive Emission):-
Process emissions are resulted from the manufacture of proposed products. The major are
VOC emissions from reactor vents, man ways, material loading and unloading, acid
gases/fumes.
II. Point Source Emission
There will be following point source emissions from the existing unit and proposed expansion
Thermic Fluid Heater (1 to 3) Steam Boiler D. G. set 1 & 2
Particulate matter, SO2 and NOx will be the major pollutants generated from the above units
as listed below.
S.
No.
Source Duty Status Fuel Used Pollutant Chimney Height
Existing Proposed
1. Thermic Fluid Heater - 1 (3.0 Lac Kcal/Hr.)
Working Stand by Agro Waste / White Coal /
Imported Coal
Existing – 3.2 MT/Day
Proposed – 5.8 MT/Day
Total After Expansion - 9.0
MT/Day
PM < 150 mg/Nm3 SO2 <
100 ppm NOx < 50
ppm
22 (Common)
2. Thermic Fluid Heater - 2 (6.0 Lac Kcal/Hr.)
N.A. Working
3. Thermic Fluid Heater - 3 (6.0 Lac Kcal/Hr.)
N.A. Working
4. Steam Boiler (0.6 TPH)
N.A. Working
5. D.G. Set-1 (50 KVA) Stand by Stand by Diesel
100 Liters/Day
9
6. D.G. Set-2 (125 KVA) Stand by Stand by 9
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The unit proposes use Agro Waste and/or White Coal and/or Imported Coal for the Thermic
Fluid Heaters and Steam Boiler and Diesel for the DG Set, the characteristics of the fuel are
as listed below,
Fuel Ash Content Sulphur content
Agro Waste < 10.0% < 0.1%
White Coal < 10.0% < 0.1%
Imported Coal < 15.0% < 1.0%
Diesel < 1.0% < 0.5%
III. Area Source (Fugitive Emission):-
a) Emission during the Transportation
This is the expansion project and looking to the products and raw materials quantity,
there will not be any considerable effect occurred due to minor transportation
activities. However, Particulate emissions occur whenever vehicles travel over a
paved or unpaved road. Particulate emissions from the paved roads are due to direct
emissions from vehicles in the form of exhaust, brake wear and tear emissions and
re- suspension of loose material on the road surface. The quantity of dust emissions
from a given segment of unpaved road varies linearly with the volume of traffic. Dust
emissions also depend on the source parameters that characterize the condition of a
particular road and the associated vehicle traffic. PM dust emissions from road
construction activities are a function of acres disturbed during construction.
b) Exhaust gas from the vehicles
During the transportation of the materials, exhaust gas also contributes in the air
pollution. The amount of the exhaust gas and the level of the air pollutants are
depend upon the condition of the vehicles. When a vehicle travel on the road,
particulate emissions occur due to direct emissions from vehicles in the form of
exhaust. The level of the emission depends upon the condition of the road
(paved/unpaved) and condition of vehicles.
4.2.2 Impact on Air Quality
The impact on air quality is assessed based on emissions of the proposed oil fired boilers in
the plant. SO2 and NOx will be the important pollutants emitting from the stacks.
Prediction of impacts on air environment has been carried out employing mathematical model
based on a steady state Gaussian plume dispersion model designed for multiple point sources
for short term. In the present case, Industrial Source Complex [ISC3] dispersion model based
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
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on steady state Gaussian plume dispersion, designed for multiple point sources for short term
and developed by United States Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA] has been used for
simulations from point sources.
Model Input Data
For the modeling purpose, all pollutants as described above are considered. The details of
stack emissions envisaged from the project are given in Table-4.1.
Table 4.1:
Stack Emission Details
Presentation of Results
In the present case, model simulations have been carried out for the study period. The Ground
level concentrations are computed for 24-hrs average. Maximum Ground level
concentrations of PM10, SO2, and NOx for study period were 1.443 g/m3, 3.761g/m3, and
0.661g/m3 respectively and were falling at 500m from the point source. The incremental
ground level concentrations for various pollutants are given in Table 4.2.
Table 4.2:
Predicted 24-Hourly Short Term Incremental Concentrations
Pollutant Maximum Incremental Concentration (g/m3)
Distance (m)
Towards Direction
PM10 1.443 500 SW
SO2 3.761 500 SW
NOx 0.661 500 SW
Resultant Concentrations after Implementation of the Project
The maximum incremental GLCs due to the proposed project for PM10, NOx and SO2 are
superimposed on the maximum baseline concentrations recorded during the study period. The
S. No.
Parameters Units Thermopac Boiler- 2 & 3 and Steam Boiler
DG set
1 Stack Height m 22 9 2 Top diameter of flue m 0.30 0.10 3 Flue gas velocity m/sec 8.0 8.0 4 Exit Flue gas temperature oK 423 473 5 Flue gas flow rate m3/sec 0.565 0.063
6 Emission rate at stack exit
A Particulate Matter (PM10) g/sec 0.0398 0.0040 B SO2 g/sec 0.1041 0.0103 C NOx g/sec 0.0150 0.0030
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
Environment Management
Enkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 114
cumulative concentrations (baseline + incremental) after implementation of the project are
tabulated below in Table 4.3. The predicted ground level concentration isopleths for various
parameters during study period is given in Figure 4.1 to 4.3.
Table 4.3:
Details of incremental concentration of pollutants on sensitive locations like
habitations
Pollutant Concentration (g/m3)
Baseline Incremental Resultant Distance
(km) Direction
PM10 Project Site 84.6 0.000 84.600 -- --Vishalpur 72.9 0.023 72.923 3.95 ESE / 118°Changodar Industrial Area
91.2 0.540 91.740 0.95 SW / 230°
Tajpur 86.3 0.004 86.304 2.88 S / 190° Changodar 82.3 0.110 82.410 0.80 W / 280° Navapura 64.2 0.000 64.200 2.17 NNW / 340°SO2 Project Site 27.8 0.000 27.800 -- --Vishalpur 20.4 0.059 20.459 3.95 ESE / 118° Changodar Industrial Area
31.5 1.405 32.905 0.95 SW / 230°
Tajpur 29.2 0.009 29.209 2.88 S / 190° Changodar 24.3 0.286 24.586 0.80 W / 280° Navapura 18.9 0.000 18.900 2.17 NNW / 340°NOx Project Site 21.2 0.000 21.200 -- --Vishalpur 21.9 0.009 21.909 3.95 ESE / 118° Changodar Industrial Area
21.9 0.265 22.165 0.95 SW / 230°
Tajpur 27.8 0.001 27.801 2.88 S / 190° Changodar 31.9 0.047 31.947 0.80 W / 280° Navapura 19.8 0.000 19.800 2.17 NNW / 340°
The predictions indicate that the resultant of SO2 and NOx concentrations are likely to be well
within the prescribed limits for Industrial, residential and rural zone. Thus, the air quality due to
the proposed activity doesn’t really change the existing scenario as observed from the modeling
results.
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
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Fig. 4.1
Isopleths Showing Maximum Incremental Ground Level Concentrations of PM10
(Post Monsoon)
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
Environment Management
Enkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 116
Fig. 4.2
Isopleths Showing Maximum Incremental Ground Level Concentrations of SO2
(Post Monsoon)
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
Environment Management
Enkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 117
Fig. 4.3
Isopleths Showing Maximum Incremental Ground Level Concentrations of NOx
(Post Monsoon)
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
Environment Management
Enkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 118
4.2.3 MANAGEMENT
I. During Construction Phase
The impacts of the construction phase will be temporary and localized phenomena except
the permanent change in local landscape and land use pattern at the project site.
• Dust pollution can be minimized at the source by water spraying and maintenance of
road.
• Construction material will be stored in temporary storage yard.
• There will be no basement; hence quantity of the soil excavation will be comparatively
less. However, soil will be kept moist to reduce dust emission during excavation for
piling.
• The excavated materials will be place only on the designated disposal areas.
• The heights, from which materials will be dropped, will be the minimum practical
height to limit fugitive dust generation.
• The construction area will be shielded with the help of tarpaulin from all the four sides
to contain the air emissions within the premises.
• Dust or dusty material will not be swept without effectively treating it with water or other
substances in order to minimize its dust emission.
• Suitable covered skips and enclosed chats or other suitable measures will be provided
in order to minimize dust emission to the atmosphere when materials & waste will be
removed from the premises.
• Rapid cleanup of project related track out or material spills on paved road.
• Natural topography will be maintained to the greatest extent possible.
• Parking lot and paved road will be constructed first.
• Upwind portion of the project will be constructed first.
• During high wind condition, construction activities will be restricted, so that minimum
flow of dust particle takes place.
• The first and most important step towards emission control for the large in-use fleet of
vehicles is the formulation of an inspection and maintenance system. It is possible to
reduce 30-40% pollution loads generated by vehicles through proper periodical
inspections and maintenance of vehicles
• All transportation vehicles will be suitably covered with tarpaulin & overloading of the
vehicles will be avoided.
• PUC certified vehicles will be used to avoid the exhaust emission.
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
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II. During Operation Phase
To control the fugitive emissions generated during various operations in the industry,
plant authorities will adopt following mitigation measures.
• The entire manufacturing activities will be carried out in the closed system.
• Mechanical seals will be provided for all the reactors for improving emission control
measures.
• All reactors will be provided by vapor condensers.
• All solvent storage tanks will be provided with vent condensers having chilled water or
brine circulation.
• Dedicated pipe lines for transfer of solvents from respective solvent storage tanks to
reactors in the production blocks.
• All the electrical motors of pumps for the handling of hazardous chemicals will be flame
proof and all pumps provided with suitable mechanical seal with stand by arrangement.
To control the flue gas emissions generated during various operations in the industry,
plant authorities will adopt following mitigation measures.
• Agro Waste/ White Coal/ Imported Coal will be used as fuel in the Thermic Fluid
Heaters. The have provided Multi Cyclone Separator to TFH-1 and will provide
individual cyclone separator followed by common Bag Filter to TFH-2 & 3 and Multi
Cyclone Separator to steam boiler as an air pollution control measures to control the
emission of particulate matter
• In case of failure of any air pollution control equipments, the process activities will be
stopped.
• Regular post project air monitoring schedule will be planned and record will be
maintained to track any problem in Air Pollution Control Equipment.
To control the point source emissions generated during various operations in
the industry, plant authorities will adopt following mitigation measures.
The unit will install stack of appropriate height at the point sources:- D. G. Set (stand-by):
One D.G. set of capacity 125 KVA will be installed as stand-by. The adequate stack
height will be provided as per the norms of the CPCB.
Stack Height required = height of the building/shed + (0.2X√kVA)
= 3 + (0.2X√125) = 5.23 m Say 5.2 m
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
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Enkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 120
As per the calculation, height of the stack will be 5.2 m. The stack height of 9 m will be
provided, which is more than required and adequate to disperse the pollutants
effectively, so that the pollutants would not be deposited on the land and water bodies.
Thermic Fluid Boiler: For two TFH of 6 Lac kilo calories/hour individual cyclone
separator followed by common Bag Filter with a stack of 22 m height will be installed
Steam Boiler: Multi Cyclone Separator with a common stack of 22 m height will be
installed
4.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT
4.3.1 Impact
I. During Construction Phase:-
Sewage will be the only source of water pollution.
Un-captured run off from the site.
II. During Operation Phase:-
A. Waste water from industrial process
There will not be any waste water generation from the industrial process of the existing unit
as well as after the proposed expansion. At present Only 0.5 KLD waste water is
generated from the Cooling blow down, which is reused on land for gardening/plantation
purpose within premises. After the proposed expansion the waste water generation form
the Cooling blow down and steam boiler will increase up to 1.1KLD which is also reused
on land for gardening/plantation purpose within premises. The details are shown below:
Sr. No.
Category
Water Consumption, KLD*
Waste Water Generation, KLD*
E P T E P T
1. Domestic 5.0 1.5 6.5 4.0 1.2 5.2
2. Gardening -- 1.0 1.0 Nil Nil Nil
3. Industrial
a. Process 1.0 Nil 1.0 Nil Nil Nil
b. Cooling (make up) 5.0 5.0 10.0 0.5 0.5 1.0
c. Steam Boiler 0.0 1.0 1.0 Nil 0.1 0.1
Total Industrial
Consumption/Generation6.0 6.0 12.0 0.5 0.6 1.1
Grand Total
Consumption/ Discharge 11.0 8.5 19.5 4.5 1.8 6.3
*E:Existing, P: Proposed, T: Total after Expansion
B. Domestic waste water from the different sections of building
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
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Enkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 121
Waste water will be generated from the domestic activities of working staff. The Domestic
effluent @ 5.2 KLD due to proposed expansion, is discharged in to soak pit through septic
tank.
4.3.2 Management
I. During construction Phase
• This is the expansion project and proposed expansion will be carried out within the
same premises so construction workers will be used the existing sanitary facilities.
• Measures will be implemented to prevent seepage of liquid materials into ground where
it could contaminate groundwater;
• Ensure prompt cleaning up of accidental spillages
• Measures will be followed to prevent the contamination of hydrological features by
diesel, grease, oil, etc. derived from the working area.
• The machinery / equipment will be maintained in a good operating condition;
• Specially designated areas will be created for vehicle maintenance;
• Accidental spillages will be cleaned up promptly.
• Curing water will be sprayed and after liberal curing, all concrete structures will be
covered with gunny bags this will conserves water.
• Provisions will be made to ensure the construction vehicles stick to the access track to
prevent mud & dirt being deposited on roads
• Fence will be constructed around the site to trap sediments whilst allowing the water to
flow through.
• All mud & dirt deposited on the roads from the construction activities will be cleaned.
Adopting good construction and engineering practices will help in mitigating the water
pollution.
I. During Operation Phase
Industrial waste water- There will not be any waste water generation from the industrial
process and hence there will be no need of any control measures.
Domestic waste water
Domestic waste water to the tune of 5.2 KLD, total after the proposed expansion will be
treated in the septic tank followed by soak pit. The septic tank is designed as per the IS
2470:1985 code. The septic tank acts as sedimentation-cum-digestion tank. Anaerobic
digestion of the settled sludge occurs in its bottom zone and the supernatant liquid have to
undergo treatment in a soak pit. The capacity of the septic tank is such as to take care of the
variations, in the flow. The septic tank is constructed in 2 compartments to facilitate cleaning
of one while the other is in use. The chamber is so designed that the sludge generated is
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
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Enkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 122
gradually slope down in sludge chamber, where over a period of time is manually cleaned.
The sludge generated on cleaning is used as manure for plantation.
Fig: 4.4
Schematic diagram of septic tank followed by soak pit
4.3.3 Rain water harvesting scheme
Rain water harvesting system will be provided for the building roof drainage and the site
drainage. The rain water will be collected by gravity through catch basin, rain water manhole
and PVC pipe and finally discharge to the Rain water Harvesting Pit. Overflow of rainwater
harvesting pit shall be discharged to nearby natural storm water drain/surface rain water
sump. The total discharge from the area is calculated by considering the average annual
rainfall of 700 mm and the drainage network will be designed considering the maximum
rainfall intensity of 40 mm/hr.
The rain water harvesting systems will capture surface run-off from all areas and provide
annual recharge will be to tune of 983 m3. It will help to improve the ground water level.
DESIGN BASIS FOR RAIN WATER CALCULATION
RUN – OFF [DISCHARGE]
Q = CIA
where
Q = run-off (discharge) in cubic meters per hour (m3/hour).
C = Co-efficient /Impermeability factor of the surface.
I = Intensity of rainfall = Taking 40 mm/hour
A = Total area in Hectare.
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
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Table: 4.6 Co-efficient of Runoff/Impermeability Factor [C] :
S.No.
Description of Surface
Value of run off coefficient / Impermeability factor of the surface
1. Terraces, Hard paved surface 0.85 – 0.90
2. Paved Surface, Roads 0.75 – 0.80
3. Natural ground, sloping ground 0.10 – 0.30
Conversion Factor
1 Hectare = 10,000 Sq.mt
1 Sq.mt = 1/10,000 Hectare
Table: 4.7 RUN OFF (DISCHARGE) CALCULATION
VOLUME OF RAIN WATER DRAINAGE
Total Rain Water Flow = 62.4 m3/hr
The dimension of the structures to be designed for 40 mm/hour peak rainfall intensity,
Considering 15 minutes of peak rainfall, runoff volume in a single storm should be 62.4 m3 x
0.25 = 15.61 m3.
Volume = 15.61 m3
Volume of One No. Rain Water Harvesting Pit = Length x width x depth Length of Pit = 3.5 m Width of Pit = 2.5 m Depth of Pit = 2.0 m Volume of 1 No. Rain Water Harvesting Pit = 3.5 m x 2.5 m x 2.0 m = 17.5 m3
No. of Rain Water Harvesting Pit Total No. of rain water Total Volume Harvesting pit required = --------------------------------------------------------------- Volume of One Rain Water Harvesting Pit
S. No
Type of Structure/Surface
Catchment Area [A]
Run off Coefficient
[C]
Intensity of rainfall(m/hour)
Discharge (Run off)
[Q= CIA] m3/hr
Total (m3/hr) Discharge [Q]Sq. m Hectare
[1] Building (Roof Top Area)
a) Area 1521.0 0.152 0.85 0.04 0.1521x0.85x0.04 45.6
[2] Road/Paved Surface area
a) Area 452.0 0.045 0.75 0.04 0.0452x0.75x0.04 10.8
b) Green Belt 497.0 0.050 0.30 0.04 0.0497x0.3 x0.04 6.0
Total 2470.0 0.247 62.4 m3/hr.
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
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Enkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 124
= 15.61/17.5 = 0.89 Say = 1 No. of rainwater harvesting structures
Providing 1 No. Rain Water harvesting pit of size 3.5 m length x 2.5 m width x 2.0 m depth
with PVC slotted pipe up to minimum depth 35 m.
Table: 4.8
Calculation for Total Annual Recharge through Rainwater Harvesting Structure
Total annual recharge to ground water regime of the area through rainwater harvesting
structure would be 983 m3/annum
Fig: 4.5
S. No
Type of Structure/Surface
Catchment Area [A] Run off
Coefficient[C]
Annual Rainfall (m/year)
Discharge (Run off) [Q= CIA]
m3/annum
Total (m3/annum)Discharge
[Q] Sq. m Hectare
[1] Building (Roof Top Area)
a) Area 1521.0 0.152 0.85 0.7 0.1521x0.85x0.7 719
[2] Road/Paved Surface area
a) Area 452.0 0.045 0.75 0.7 0.0452x0.75x0.7 171
b) Green Belt 497.0 0.050 0.30 0.7 0.0497x0.3 x0.7 94
Total 2470.0 0.247 983
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
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Enkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 125
4.4 SOLID WASTE
4.4.1 Impact
I. During Construction Phase
• Construction waste likely to be generated during the site formation works include waste
wood from concrete form work; spent concrete; waste steel rebars from concrete
reinforcement activities; and material and equipment wrappings.;
• Municipal wastes generated by site workers.
II. During Operation Phase
The main source of hazardous waste generation is discarded bags/ containers from storage
and handling of raw materials and spent/used oil generation from plant machinery. The
ancillary source of hazardous waste generation from existing as well as proposed
manufacturing activity is process waste. The unit has provided designated area of 20.2 sqm
for the hazardous waste storage within premises having impervious floor and roof cover
system which will be expanded to 30.2 sq m after proposed expansion. The unit will become
the member of any GPCB approved CHWIF/TSDF site of the final disposal of hazardous
waste. The anticipated quantities of some major solid hazardous waste are given below in
table.
Table: 4.9 The anticipated quantities of solid waste are as follows
Waste Source
Type of waste
Category as per HWMR Rules
Quantity, per Annum*
Physical-Chemical
Form
Method of Disposal
E P T
Process Process Waste
23.1 3
MT 2
MT 5
MT Solid
organic
Collection, Storage
Transportation and disposal at safe TSDF site
Raw Material
Storage & Handling
Discarded Drums/bags
33.3 200 kg
800 Kg
1 MT
Solid-Inorganic
Decontaminate and Reuse/ Sell
Plant and Machineries
Used / Spent Oil
5.1 0.5 KL
0.5 KL
1.0 KL
Liquid- Organic
Collection, storage and used as
lubricant within the premises / sell to MoEF approved
Recycler/ reprocessors
* E-Existing, P-Proposed Expansion, T-Total After Expansion
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
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Enkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 126
4.4.2 Management
The Organic mass distilled out will be recovered and reused
Used and discarded Drums/bags will be collected, decontaminated and reuse within the
plant as far as possible.
The hazardous waste generated from the process will be collected in HDPE bags and
will be sent to CHWIF/TSDF.
4.5 NOISE POLLUTION
4.5.1 Impact
I. During Construction Phase
Major sources of noise pollution are vehicular traffic, heavy moving machinery etc.
II. During Operation Phase
Major sources of noise pollution will be
Operational machineries
Pumps
D.G. set
Transportation etc.
4.5.2 Management
I. During Construction Phase
Complete construction work especially heavy work will be done during day time.
Vehicular movement carrying raw materials will be avoided during night time.
The vehicles will be regularly maintained and optimum use of the same will be made.
Adequate PPE’s (ear plugs, ear muffs, helmet, mask etc) will be provided to the
workers.
PUC certified vehicles will be used.
II. During operation phase
All possible measures will be taken to minimize the noise.
The insulation provided for prevention and loss of heat and personnel safety shall also
act as noise reducer.
Foundations and structures will be designed to minimize vibrations and noise.
Regular equipment maintenance and better work habits will be adopted.
Existing as well as Proposed D.G. set will be stand-by and used only in case of non-
availability of electricity. However, D.G. set is proposed to be housed in an inbuilt
acoustic enclosure. The acoustic enclosure will be designed for minimum 25dB (A)
insertion loss for meeting the ambient noise standards, whichever is on the higher side.
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
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Necessary safety and personal protective equipment such as ear plugs, ear muffs,
helmet etc will be provided to the workers.
Noise levels generated will be maintained to comply with the Factories Act & Rules and
will not exceed 75 dB (A) at 1 m distance.
Implementation of green belt within the premises of plant will absorb the noise. Thus will
help to control the noise pollution.
Proper lubrication and housekeeping will be usually done to avoid excessive noise
generation.
Supervisor will be responsible to control the noise by maintaining conditions of
machineries and silencers.
About 20% of the total plot area will be under greenbelt.
4.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
4.6.1 Direct Impacts
Impact I- Loss Vegetation, Biodiversity and Habitat
This is the expansion project and proposed expansion will be carried out within the same
premises on open land area available so there will not be any removal or loss of the existing
flora of the site.
In contrary, green belt development during operational phase will improve vegetation cover
as well as the avifaunal diversity around the project area.
Impact II- Habitat Fragmentation
Proposed expansion will be carried out within the premises on the open land area and also
not forms a part of any unique habitat, so there is no threat of habitat fragmentation.
Impact III- Loss of Aquatic Ecosystem and Associated Biodiversity
No perennial rivers, streams and lakes exist in the core zone. Similarly, due to zero liquid
discharge technology of the project, impacts like loss of aquatic habitats, disturbance to the
natural flow and associated aquatic biota has not been envisaged in buffer zone also.
Impact IV- Impact to Faunal Movement
All the faunal species reported from the core zone are very common and well adapted to the
urban environment so no faunal species will be disturbed or affected significantly. Moreover,
strategic location of project site is outside the forest area and no connecting corridor found
through the present project area, so there is no possibility to change the normal movement
behavior of the existing faunal species.
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &
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4.6.2 Indirect Impacts
There may be indirect impact on biodiversity of the core and buffer zone due to various
project developmental activities like construction, vehicle movement etc. However, all the
indirect impact will be temporary and negligible. Surrounding areas and common species
present in the direct vicinity of the study area may be slightly affected by indirect impacts
resulting from construction and operation activities. But, considering the type of
development, the extent of this impact is expected to be relatively small and temporary.
However it can be compensated by habitat improvement through the green belt development
around the project site.
**********
SECTION V
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY
AND SITE)
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section –V Analysis of Alternatives (Technology and Site)
Enkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 129
SECTION – V
INDEX
S.No. Particulars Page No.
5.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES TECHNOLOGY AND SITE 130
***********
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section –V Analysis of Alternatives (Technology and Site)
Enkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 130
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY AND SITE)
The technology finalized for the proposed project is all latest and economically best
technology, thus no alternative for the technology was considered.
This is an existing industrial unit, adequate land is available with the unit and the proposed
project will be set up within the same premises, hence there was no need to analyze the
alternative site.
************
SECTION VI
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-VI Environmental Monitoring Programme
Enkay Enviro Services, Jaipur 131
SECTION – VI
INDEX
************
S.No. Particulars Page. No.
6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME
6.0 INTRODUCTION 132
6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND REPORTING PROCEDURE 132
6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING CELL 133
6.3 MONITORING METHODS 136
6.4 REPORTING SCHEDULES OF THE MONITORING DATA 137
6.5 INFRASTRUCTURE FOR MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION MEASURES
137
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-VI Environmental Monitoring Programme
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ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME
6.0 INTRODUCTION
Regular monitoring of environmental parameters is of immense importance to assess the
status of environment during project operation. With the knowledge of baseline conditions,
the monitoring programme will serve as an indicator for any deterioration in environmental
conditions due to operation of the project, to enable taking up suitable mitigatory steps in
time to safeguard the environment. Monitoring is as important as that of control of pollution
since the efficiency of control measures can only be determined by monitoring.
Usually, as in the case of the study, an impact assessment study is carried over short period
of time and the data cannot bring out all variations induced by the natural or human
activities. Therefore, regular monitoring programme of the environmental parameters is
essential to take into account the changes in the environmental quality.
6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND REPORTING PROCEDURE
Monitoring will confirm that commitments are being met. This may take the form of direct
measurement and recording of quantitative information, such as amounts and
concentrations of discharges, emissions and wastes, for measurement against corporate or
statutory standards, consent limits or targets. It may also require measurement of ambient
environmental quality in the vicinity of a site using ecological/biological, physical and
chemical indicators. Monitoring may include socio-economic interaction, through local liaison
activities or even assessment of complaints.
The preventive approach to management may also require monitoring of process inputs, for
example, type and method used, resource consumption, equipment and pollution control
performance etc.
The key aims of monitoring are, first, to ensure that results/conditions are as forecast during
the planning stage, and where they are not, to pinpoint the cause and implement action to
remedy the situation. A second objective is to verify the evaluations made during the
planning process, in particular with risk and impact assessments and standard & target
setting and to measure operational and process efficiency. Monitoring will also be required to
meet compliance with statutory and corporate requirements. Finally, monitoring results
provide the basis for auditing.
6.1.1 Objectives of Monitoring
The objectives of monitoring are to:
Verify effectiveness of planning decisions;
Measure effectiveness of operational procedures;
Conform statutory and corporate compliance; and
Identify unexpected changes.
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-VI Environmental Monitoring Programme
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6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING CELL
A centralized environmental monitoring cell will be established for monitoring of important
and crucial environmental parameters which are of immense importance to assess the
status of environment during operation of plant. With the knowledge of baseline conditions,
the monitoring program can serve as an indicator for any deterioration in environmental
conditions due to operation of the plant, and helps in planning suitable mitigatory steps that
could be taken in time to safeguard the environment. Monitoring is as important as that of
control of pollution since the efficiency of control measures can only be determined by
monitoring. The following routine monitoring program will be implemented under the post-
project monitoring as per CPCB guidelines.
Environmental monitoring schedules are prepared covering various phases of project
advancement, such as constructional phase and regular operational phase.
6.2.1 Monitoring Schedule during Constructional Phase
The proposed project envisages setting up of various types and grades of Synthetic
Organic Resins manufacturing unit within the existing industrial premises. The construction
or preoperational activities require mobilisation of construction material and equipment.
During construction phase the main source will be fugitive emission from transportation of
construction material and etc. As such monitoring is not required during construction phase.
6.2.2 Monitoring Schedule during Operational Phase
During operational stage, Volatile organic compounds may be emitted during the
manufacturing process as well as due to storage & handling of Raw materials and product
from fugitive sources. Along with the above the Thermic Fluid Heaters and D.G. sets are
also a potential source of emission. The attributes which merit regular monitoring based on
the environmental setting and nature of project activities are listed below:
Source emissions and ambient air quality
Groundwater Levels and ground water quality
Wastewater quality (effluent & sewage quality etc)
Soil quality
Noise levels (equipment and machinery noise levels, occupational exposures and
ambient noise levels); and
Ecological preservation and afforestation.
The following routine monitoring programme as detailed in as under will be implemented at
site. Besides to this monitoring, the compliances to all environmental clearance conditions
and regular permits from SPCB/MoEF will be monitored and reported periodically.
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-VI Environmental Monitoring Programme
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ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING DURING OPERATIONAL PHASE
S. No.
Potential Impact
Action to be Followed
Parameters for Monitoring
Frequency of Monitoring
Location
1 AAQ & Gaseous Emissions
Ambient air quality within the premises
PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, Total VOC and Benzene
As per CPCB/ SPCB requirement or on quarterly basis whichever is earlier
At least one location inside premises
Flue Gas emission PM, SO2, NOx As per CPCB/ SPCB requirement or on quarterly basis whichever is earlier
Thermic Fluid Heater 1, 2 &
3, Steam Boiler and
D.G. Set 1 & 2
Workspace Monitoring
Total VOC and Benzene
As per CPCB/ SPCB requirement or on quarterly basis whichever is earlier
Process Area, Storage Area
Exhaust from vehicles to be minimized by use of fuel efficient vehicles and well maintained vehicles having PUC certificate.
Vehicle logs to be maintained
- -
Vehicle trips to be minimized to the extent possible
Vehicle logs Daily records Main gate
2 Noise Noise Level Monitoring
Spot Noise Level recording; Leq(night), Leq(day), Leq(dn)
Periodic during operation phase
Various plant operations and worker area in the plant
Generation of vehicular noise
Maintain records of vehicles
Periodic during operation phase
-
3 Wastewater Discharge
No discharge to be made to surface water, groundwater or soil.
Complete evaporation of the treated wastewater
Periodic during operation phase
-
Take care in handling &disposal of wastewater generated such that soil and groundwater resources are protected
No seepage/ leakage during the process
Periodic during operation phase
-
Compliance of sewage disposal in to soak pit through septic tank
No seepage/ leakage/ overflow during the handling
Periodic during operation phase
-
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S. No.
Potential Impact
Action to be Followed
Parameters for Monitoring
Frequency of Monitoring
Location
4 Drainage and effluent Management
Ensure drainage system and specific design measures are working effectively. Design to incorporate existing drainage pattern and avoid disturbing the same.
Visual inspection of drainage and records thereof
Periodic during operation phase
-
5 Water Quality and Water Levels
Monitoring used water quality & groundwater quality and levels
Comprehensive monitoring as per IS 10500 Ground water level BGL
Periodic during operation phase
Water supplied by Estate through their bore well near project site
6 Energy Usage Energy usage for air-conditioning and other activities to be minimized Conduct annual energy audit for the buildings
Energy audit report
Annual audits and periodic checks during operational phase
-
8 Emergency preparedness, such as fire fighting
Fire protection and safety measures to take care of fire and explosion hazards, to be assessed and steps taken for their prevention.
Mock drill records, on site emergency plan, evacuation plan
Periodic during operation phase
9 Maintenance of flora and fauna
Vegetation, greenbelt / green cover development
No. of plants, species
Periodic during operation phase
-
10 Waste Management
Implement waste management plan that identifies and characterizes every waste arising associated with proposed activities and which identifies the procedures for collection, handling & disposal of each waste arising.
Records of solid waste generation, treatment and disposal
Periodic during operation phase
11 Soil quality Maintenance of good soil quality
Physico-chemical parameters and metals.
Periodical monitoring
Plantation areas
12 Health Employees and migrant labour health check ups
All relevant parameters including HIV
Regular check ups
-
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6.3 MONITORING METHODS
6.3.1 Air Quality Monitoring
I. Workspace Monitoring
The concentration of air borne pollutants in the workspace/work zone environment will be
monitored periodically. If concentrations higher than threshold limit values are observed, the
source of fugitive emissions will be identified and necessary measures taken. If the levels
are high, suitable measures as detailed in EMP will be initiated.
II. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
The ground level concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, Total VOC and Benzene will be
monitored at regular intervals. Any abnormal rise will be investigated to identify the causes
and appropriate action will be initiated. The ambient air quality data should be transferred
and processed in a centralised computer facility equipped with required software. Trend and
statistical analysis should be done.
6.3.2 Water and Wastewater Monitoring
I. Monitoring of Groundwater
The monitoring of groundwater is the most important tool to test the efficiency of plant
performance. It is suggested to collect water samples and analyse. Records of analysis will
be maintained.
Methods prescribed by “Bureau of Indian Standard” and "Standard Methods for Examination
of Water and Wastewater" prepared & published jointly by American Public Health
Association (APHA), American Water Works Association (AWWA) are recommended.
II. Water Audit
To ensure a strict control over the water consumption, flow meters will be installed for all
major inlets. All leakages and excess will be identified and rectified. In addition, periodic
water audits will be conducted to explore further possibilities for water conservation.
III. Monitoring of Wastewater Streams
All the wastewater streams in the project area will be regularly monitored for flow and
generation. These data for the generation of wastewater and evaporation will be properly
documented and compared against the design values for any necessary corrective action.
6.3.3 Noise Levels
Noise levels will be monitored in the plant area. The frequency will be once in a three
months in the work zone. Similarly, ambient noise levels near habitations will also be
monitored once in three months. Audiometric tests should be conducted periodically for the
employees working close to the high noise sources especially D. G. set operations in this
case.
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6.4 REPORTING SCHEDULES OF THE MONITORING DATA
It is proposed that voluntary reporting of environmental performance with reference to the
EMP should be undertaken.
The environmental monitoring cell will co-ordinate all monitoring programmes at site and
data thus generated will be regularly furnished to the State & central regulatory agencies.
The frequency of reporting will be on six monthly basis to the local state PCB officials and to
Regional office of MoEF. The Environmental Audit reports will be prepared for the entire year
of operations and will be regularly submitted to regulatory authorities.
6.5 EXECUTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
Environmental Monitoring as stated above will be carried out by appointing any appropriate
agency approved by SPCB/NABL/MoEF.
**********
SECTION VII
ADDITIONAL STUDIES
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SECTION-VII
ADDITIONAL STUDIES
INDEX
S. No. Particulars Page no.
7.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION 139
7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT 139
7.2 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 140
7.3 HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION 141-155
7.4 STORAGE AND HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS 155-158
7.5 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 158-167
7.6 OFF- SITE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN 168-174
7.7 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY 174-179
7.8 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 179-182
***********
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ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION
With reference to the TOR issued by MoE&F vide letter no. J-11011/85/2011-IA II (I) dated
03-05-2011 (Annexure-III), it is mandatory to conduct the public hearing/consultation and
address the issues raised and commitments made by the project proponent on the same in
EIA/EMP Report as the project is located outside the Notified industrial Area and listed at
S.N. 5(f) category A.
With this a draft EIA/EMP Report is being submitted to the Gujarat Pollution Control Board,
Gandhinagar to conduct the Public Hearing for this project and detailed report on the public
hearing/consultation in the form of tabular chart will be submitted along with the final
EIA/EMP Report.
7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT
7.1.1 Introduction
Hazard analysis involves the identification and quantification of the various hazards (unsafe
conditions) that exist in the proposed plant. On the other hand, risk analysis deals with the
recognition and computation of risks, the equipment in the plant and personnel are prone to,
due to accidents resulting from the hazards present in the plant.
Risk analysis follows an extensive hazard analysis. It involves the identification and assessment
of risks the neighboring populations are exposed to as a result of hazards present. This
requires a thorough knowledge of failure probability, credible accident scenario, vulnerability of
population etc. Much of this information is difficult to get or generate. Consequently, the risk
analysis is often confined to maximum credible accident studies.
In the sections below, the identification of various hazards, probable risks in the proposed plant,
maximum credible accident analysis, consequence analysis are addressed which gives a broad
identification of risks involved in the plant. The Disaster Management Plan (DMP) has been
presented based on the risk estimation for storage of Methanol/Hexane and Toluene only which
are proposed to be installed.
7.1.2 Approach to the Study
Risk involves the occurrence or potential occurrence of some accidents consisting of an event
or sequence of events. The risk assessment study covers the following:
Identification of potential hazard areas;
Identification of representative failure cases;
Visualization of the resulting scenarios in terms of fire (thermal radiation) and explosion;
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Assess the overall damage potential of the identified hazardous events and the impact
zones from the accidental scenarios;
Assess the overall suitability of the site from hazard minimization and disaster mitigation
point of view;
Furnish specific recommendations on the minimization of the worst accident possibilities;
and
Preparation of broad Disaster Management Plan (DMP), On-site and Off-site Emergency
Plan, which includes Occupational and Health Safety Plan.
7.2 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
Identification of hazards in the proposed plant is of primary significance in the analysis,
quantification and cost effective control of accidents involving chemicals and process. A
classical definition of hazard states that hazard is in fact the characteristic of
system/plant/process that presents potential for an accident. Hence, all the components of a
system/plant/process need to be thoroughly examined to assess their potential for initiating or
propagating an unplanned event/sequence of events, which can be termed as an accident. The
following two methods for hazard identification have been employed in the study:
Identification of major hazardous units based on Manufacture, Storage and Import of
Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 of Government of India (GOI Rules, 1989); and
Identification of hazardous units and segments of plants and storage units based on relative
ranking technique, viz. Fire-Explosion and Toxicity Index (FE&TI).
7.2.1 Classification of Major Hazardous Units
Hazardous substances may be classified into three main classes namely flammable
substances, unstable substances and toxic substances. The ratings for a large number of
chemicals based on flammability, reactivity and toxicity have been given in NFPA Codes 49 and
345 M. The major hazardous materials to be stored, transported, handled and utilized within
the facility have been summarized in the Table-7.1. The storage details and properties are
given in Table-7.2 and Table-7.3 respectively.
Table-7.1
Hazardous Materials Stored, Transported and Handled
Materials Hazardous Properties Xylene UN 1307. Dangerous Goods class 3 – Flammable Liquid Acetic Anhydride UN 1715. Dangerous Goods class 3 – Flammable Liquid Epoxy Resin UN 3082. Hazardous Goods class 9 – Non-flammable Liquid Bisphenol A UN 2430 Hazardous Goods class 3 – Flammable Caustic Soda UN 1823 Dangerous Goods class 6 – Non-flammable
Methacrylic Acid UN 2531 Hazardous Goods class 8- Flammable liquid Di Butyl Tin Oxide UN 3146 Dangerous Goods class 6.1- Non-flammable
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Table-7.2
Category wise schedule of storage
Material Mode of Storage Maximum Storage
Capacity Classification Type Nos. in MT in KL
Xylene SS Tank 5 50 58 Non-dangerous Petroleum
Acetic Anhydride MS Drums 53 10 9.2 Non-dangerous Petroleum
Epoxy Resin HDPE Drums 100 20 17.2 Non-flammable Resin Bisphenol A HDPE Bags 200 5.0 4.2 Flammable powder Caustic Soda HDPE Bags 2 0.05 0.02 Non-flammable powder Methacrylic Acid MS Drum 10 2.0 1.96 Flammable acid Di Butyl Tin Oxide HDPE Bags 20 0.5 0.32 Non-flammable oxide
Table-7.3
Properties of Materials Used in the Plant
Chemical Codes/Label TLV BP MP FP UEL LEL°C %
Xylene Flammable 100 ppm 138.9 -47.9 27.2 1.1 7.0 Acetic Anhydride Flammable - 139.4 -37.5 49.4 10.3 2.9
Epoxy Resin Non-flammable NE > 204.4 50 -- -- -- Bisphenol A flammable Not listed 220 154-157 207
Caustic Soda Non-flammable 2 mg/m3 145 12.1 NA NA NA
Methacrylic Acid flammable 20 ppm 161 16 73 8.1 1.6
Di Butyl Tin Oxide Non-flammable -- Decomposes 22.7 NA NA NA
TLV : Threshold Limit Value FP : Flash Point BP : Final Boiling Point UEL : Upper Explosive Limit MP : Melting Point LEL : Lower Explosive Limit
7.3 HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION
7.3.1 Methodology
An assessment of the conceptual design is conducted for the purpose of identifying and
examining hazards related to feed stock materials, major process components, utility and
support systems, environmental factors, proposed operations, facilities, and safeguards.
7.3.2 Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA)
A preliminary hazard analysis is carried out initially to identify the major hazards associated with
storages and the processes of the plant. This is followed by consequence analysis to quantify
these hazards. Finally, the vulnerable zones are plotted for which risk reducing measures are
deduced and implemented. Preliminary hazard analysis for fuel storage area and whole plant is
given in Table-7.4 and Table-7.5.
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Table-7.4
Preliminary Hazard Analysis for Storage Areas
Unit Capacity Hazard Identified Xylene 11.4 KL Fire/Explosion
Acetic Anhydride 0.19 KL Fire/Explosion
Table-7.5
Preliminary Hazard Analysis for the Whole Plant In General
PHA Category
Description of Plausible Hazard
Recommendation Provision
Environ-mental factors
If there is any leakage and eventuality of source of ignition.
-- All electrical fittings and cables are provided as per the specified standards. All motor starters are flame proof.
Environ-mental factors
Highly inflammable nature of the liquid Chemical may cause fire hazard in the storage facility.
A well designed fire protection including foam, dry powder, and CO2 extinguisher should be provided.
Fire extinguisher of small size and big size are provided at all potential fire hazard places. In addition to the above, fire hydrant network will be provided as per requirement.
7.3.3 Fire Explosion and Toxicity Index (FE&TI) Approach
Fire, Explosion and Toxicity Indexing (FE & TI) is a rapid ranking method for identifying the
degree of hazard. The application of FE & TI would help to make a quick assessment of the
nature and quantification of the hazard in these areas. However, this does not provide precise
information.
The degree of hazard potential is identified based on the numerical value of F&EI as per the
criteria given below:
F&EI Range Degree of Hazard
0-60 Light
61-96 Moderate
97-127 Intermediate
128-158 Heavy
159-up Severe
By comparing the indices F&EI and TI, the unit in question is classified into one of the following
three categories established for the purpose (Table-7.6).
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Table-7.6
Fire Explosion and Toxicity Index
Category Fire and Explosion Index (F&EI) Toxicity Index (TI) I F&EI < 65 TI < 6 II 65 < or = F&EI < 95 6 < or = TI < 10 III F&EI > or = 95 TI > or = 10
Certain basic minimum preventive and protective measures are recommended for the three
hazard categories.
7.3.4 Maximum Credible Accident Analysis (MCAA)
Hazardous substances may be released as a result of failures or catastrophes, causing
possible damage to the surrounding area. This section deals with the question of how the
consequences of the release of such substances and the damage to the surrounding area can
be determined by means of models. Major hazards posed by flammable storage can be
identified taking recourse to MCA analysis. MCA analysis encompasses certain techniques to
identify the hazards and calculate the consequent effects in terms of damage distances of heat
radiation, toxic releases, vapour cloud explosion, etc. A host of probable or potential accidents
of the major units in the complex arising due to use, storage and handling of the hazardous
materials are examined to establish their credibility. Depending upon the effective hazardous
attributes and their impact on the event, the maximum effect on the surrounding environment
and the respective damage caused can be assessed. The reason and purpose of
consequence analysis are many folds like:
Part of Risk Assessment;
Plant Layout/Code Requirements;
Protection of other plants;
Protection of the public;
Emergency Planning; and
Design Criteria.
The results of consequence analysis are useful for getting information about all known and
unknown effects that are of importance when some failure scenario occurs in the plant and also
to get information as how to deal with the possible catastrophic events. It also gives the
workers in the plant and people living in the vicinity of the area, an understanding of their
personal situation.
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Selected Failure Cases
The purpose of this listing (refer Table 7.9) is to examine consequences of such failure
individually or in combination. It will be seen from the list that a vast range of failure cases have
been identified. The frequency of occurrence of failure also varies widely.
Damage Criteria
The chemical storage and unloading at the storage facility may lead to fire and explosion
hazards. The damage criteria due to an accidental release of any hydrocarbon arise from fire
and explosion. The vapors of these Chemical are not toxic and hence no effects of toxicity are
expected.
Tank fire would occur if the radiation intensity is high on the peripheral surface of the tank
leading to increase in internal tank pressure. Pool fire would occur when chemicals are
collected in the dyke due to leakage gets ignited.
Fire Damage
A flammable liquid in a pool will burn with a large turbulent diffusion flame. This releases heat
based on the heat of combustion and the burning rate of the liquid. A part of the heat is radiated
while the rest is convected away by rising hot air and combustion products. The radiations can
heat the contents of a nearby storage or process unit to above its ignition temperature and thus
result in a spread of fire.
The radiations can also cause severe burns or fatalities of workers or fire fighters located within
a certain distance. Hence, it will be important to know beforehand the damage potential of a
flammable liquid pool likely to be created due to leakage or catastrophic failure of a storage or
process vessel. This will help to decide the location of other storage/process vessels, decide
the type of protective clothing the workers/fire fighters’ need, the duration of time for which they
can be in the zone, the fire extinguishing measures needed and the protection methods needed
for the nearby storage/process vessels.
Table-7.7 tabulates the damage effect on equipment and people due to thermal radiation
intensity.
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Table-7.7
Damage Due to Incident Radiation Intensities
Sr. No.
Incident Radiation (kW/m2)
Type of Damage Intensity Damage to Equipment Damage to People
1 37.5 Damage to process equipment 100% lethality in 1 min. 1% lethality in 10 sec.
2 25.0 Minimum energy required to ignite wood at indefinitely long exposure without a flame
50% Lethality in 1 min. Significant injury in 10 sec.
3 19.0 Maximum thermal radiation intensity allowed on thermally unprotected adjoining equipment
--
4 12.5 Minimum energy to ignite with a flame; melts plastic tubing
1% lethality in 1 min.
5 4.5 -- Causes pain if duration is longer than 20 sec, however blistering is un-likely (First degree burns)
6 1.6 -- Causes no discomfort on long exposures
Source: Techniques for Assessing Industrial Hazards by World Bank.
The effect of incident radiation intensity and exposure time on lethality is given in Table-7.8.
Table-7.8 Radiation Exposure and Lethality
Radiation
Intensity (kW/m2) Exposure Time
(seconds) Lethality (%) Degree of Burns
1.6 -- 0 No Discomfort even after long exposure
4.5 20 0 1 st 4.5 50 0 1 st 8.0 20 0 1 st 8.0 50 <1 3 rd 8.0 60 <1 3 rd 12.0 20 <1 2 nd 12.0 50 8 3 rd 12.5 Inst 10 -- 25.0 inst 50 -- 37.5 inst 100 --
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7.3.5 Scenarios Considered for MCA Analysis
I. Chemical Storage
The details of storages in the proposed plant are given Table-7.2 above. In case of chemical
released in the area catching fire, a steady state fire will occur. Failures in pipeline may occur
due to corrosion and mechanical defect. Failure of pipeline due to external interference is not
considered as this area is licensed area and all the work within this area is closely supervised
with trained personnel.
II. Modeling Scenarios
Based on the storage and consumption of various chemicals the following failure scenarios for
the proposed plant have been identified for MCA analysis and the scenarios are discussed in
Table-7.9. The chemical properties considered in modeling are given in Table-7.10.
Table-7.9
Scenarios Considered For MCA Analysis
Scenario Incident Total
Quantity Scenarios considered
1-A Leakage of Xylene tank
11.4 KL
Evaporating puddle
1-B Failure of Xylene tank Pool fire
1-C Explosion of Xylene tank Fireball
2-A Leakage of Acetic anhydride tank
0.19 KL
Evaporating puddle
2-B Failure of Acetic anhydride tank Pool fire
2-C Explosion of Acetic anhydride tank Fireball
Table-7.10
Properties of Chemicals Considered For Modeling
Sr. No.
Fuel Molecular weight (kg/kg mol)
Boiling Point (C)
Density (kg/m3)
1 Xylene 106.17 138.9 861 2 Acetic anhydride 102.09 139.4 700
7.3.6 Model used for MCA Analysis
The Consequence Analysis has been done for selected scenarios by ALOHA (version
5.4.1.2) of EPA. A computer based version ALOHA 5.4.1.2 is used to calculate thermal, toxic
and explosive effect of the accidental release of liquid chemicals within the plant area.
ALOHA was jointly developed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA) and the Environment Protection Agency (EPA).
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7.3.7 Results and Discussion
The results of MCA analysis for all three scenarios considered for both the chemicals taken into
consideration as given below are discussed in detail.
Scenario 1-A: Evaporating puddle from Xylene Tank
The maximum capacity of storage of Xylene will be 11.4 KL. In case of leakage from a hole
in the storage tank, an evaporating puddle will be generated of the flammable liquid Xylene.
It is assumed that the flammable liquid escapes from the tank without burning. The model
run for calculating threat zone of evaporating puddle is a Gaussian model.
a). Source Strength:
In case of a circular opening of diameter 1 inch in the vertical storage tank at 0.15 meters from
the bottom of the tank, the maximum average sustained release rate is of 1.68 kilograms/min
and total amount released is 56.8 Kg forming an evaporating puddle of diameter 38m.
b). Toxic Threat Zone:
The threat zones for the evaporating puddle in case of leakage from Xylene storage tank are
defined as below.
Table-7.11
Toxic Threat Zone and Lethality
Threat Zone TEEL/ ERPG* Distance, m
Red : TEEL-3 : 2500 ppm 19
Orange: TEEL-2 : 920 ppm 18
Yellow: TEEL-1 : 130 ppm 18 *NOTE: TEEL: Temporary Emergency Exposure Limits.
ERPG: Emergency Response Planning Guidelines.
Threat zone of toxic radiation was not drawn because effects of near-field patchiness make
dispersion predictions less reliable for short distances.
Scenario 1-B: Pool Fire from Xylene Tank
a). Source Strength:
The maximum capacity of storage of Xylene will be 11.4 KL. The most credible failure is the
rupture of the largest pipe connecting to the storage tank. As the worst case, it is assumed
that the entire contents leak out into the dyke forming a pool, which may catch fire on finding
a source of ignition. The radiation intensities have been computed using software ALOHA
based pool fire model and the results are tabulated in Table 7.12 and Figure 7.1.
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In case of Burning puddle or pool fire from the failure of Xylene tank. We consider that the
flammable liquid is burning as it escapes from the tank of Volume 12,646 liters which is 92%
full having a hole of diameter 1 inch forms a maximum flame length at 20 m, with max burn rate
of 1420 Kg/min forming a puddle spread to a diameter of 26 m.
b). Thermal Radiation Threat Zone:
Model output and the Threat zone for Thermal Radiation in case of pool fire scenario due to
failure of Xylene storage tank is presented in Figure 7.1.
Table – 7.12
Radiation Intensities from Pool Fire during Failure of Xylene Tank
Radiation Intensities (kW/m2) 37.5 25.0 19.0 12.5 4.5 1.6
Distances (m) 34 38 41 46 62 90
Figure – 7.1: Threat zone of thermal radiation – Xylene.
The results of MCA analysis are tabulated indicating the distances for various damages
identified by the damage criteria, as explained earlier. Calculations are done for radiation
intensities levels of 37.5, 25, 12.5, 4.5 and 1.6-kW/m2, which are presented in Table-7.12 for
different scenarios. The distances computed for various scenarios are from the center of the
pool fire.
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We would like to mention that since the flash point of Xylene is not very high, it is unlikely
that the leakage of flammable liquid will cause a pool-fire. Even then we consider a worst
case scenario where complete liquid is burned forming a pool-fire. A perusal of the above
table clearly indicates that 37.5 kW/m2 (100% lethality) occurs within the radius of the pool
which is computed at 34 m tank on pool fire. This vulnerable zone will damage all fuel
storage equipment falling within the pool radius. Similarly, 25 KW/m2 (50% lethality) occurs
within the radius of the pool computed at 38m tank on pool fire. Similarly, the threshold limit
for first degree burns is 1.6 kW/m2, this vulnerable zone in which the thermal fluxes above the
threshold limit for first degree is restricted to 90 m in case tank on pool fire.
Scenario 1-C: Fireball from Catastrophic Explosion of Xylene Tank
The maximum capacity of storage of Xylene will be 11.4 KL. In case of explosion due
BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion) of flammable liquid Xylene from the
vertical storage tank forms a fire-ball of the flammable chemical. The thermal radiation
generated from the fireball has been calculated through the Thermal radiation model of
ALOHA.
a). Source Strength: In case of BLEVE(Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion) of
flammable liquid in vertical cylindrical tank of diameter 2.3 m, height 3m containing a 12,464
liters volume of flammable liquid Xylene. In worst-case scenario we consider 100% of tank
mass in fireball, which will lead to a fire-ball of 354 m diameter that will burn for duration of 20
seconds.
b). Threat Zone:
The radiation threat-zone due to catastrophic explosion from the proposed Xylene storage
tank is as depicted in below Figure 7.2.
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Figure – 7.2: Threat zone of catastrophic explosion- Xylene.
Scenario 2-A: Evaporating puddle from Acetic anhydride Tank
Evaporating puddle released from a hole in Acetic anhydride Storage Tank
The maximum capacity of storage of Acetic anhydride will be 0.19 KL. In case of leakage
from a hole in the storage tank, an evaporating puddle will be generated of the flammable
liquid Acetic anhydride. It is assumed that the flammable liquid escapes from the tank
without burning. The model run for calculating threat zone of evaporating puddle is a
Gaussian model.
a). Source Strength: In case of a circular opening of diameter 1 inch in the vertical storage
tank at 0.1 meters from the bottom of the tank, the maximum average sustained release rate is
of 558 grams/min and total amount released is 32.1 Kg forming an evaporating puddle of
diameter 6.3 m.
b). Threat Zone:
The threat zones for the evaporating puddle in case of leakage from Acetic anhydride storage
tank are defined as given in below table-7.13 and presented in Figure 7.3.
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Table-7.13
Toxic Threat Zone and Lethality
Threat Zone TEEL/ ERPG* Distance, m
Red : ERPG -3 :100 ppm 26*
Orange: ERPG -2 : 15 ppm 93
Yellow: ERPG -1 : 0.5 ppm 572
* Note: Threat zone was not drawn because effects of near-field patchiness make dispersion
predictions less reliable for short distances.
Figure – 7.3: Threat Zone of Toxic Condition- Acetic Anhydride
Scenario 2-B: Pool Fire from Acetic Anhydride Tank
The maximum volume of storage of Acetic anhydride will be 0.19 KL. The most credible
failure is the rupture of the largest pipe connecting to the storage tank. As the worst case, it
is assumed that the entire contents leak out into the dyke forming a pool, which may catch
fire on finding a source of ignition.
The radiation intensities have been computed using software ALOHA based pool fire model
and the results are tabulated in Table 7.14.
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a). Source Strength:
In case of Burning puddle or pool fire from the failure of Acetic anhydride tank. We consider that
the flammable liquid is burning as it escapes from the tank of Volume 190 liters which is 92%
full having a hole of diameter 10 cm forms a maximum flame length at 6 m and burn duration of
4 min, with max burn rate of 52.9 Kg/min forming a puddle spread to a diameter of 6.3 m.
b). Thermal Radiation Threat Zone:
Model output and the Threat zone for Thermal Radiation in case of pool fire scenario due to
failure of Xylene storage tank is presented in Figure 7.4.
Figure – 7.4: Threat zone of thermal radiation – Acetic anhydride.
The results of MCA analysis are tabulated indicating the distances for various damages
identified by the damage criteria, as explained earlier. Calculations are done for radiation
intensities levels of 37.5, 25, 12.5, 4.5 and 1.6-kW/m2, which are presented in Table-7.14 for
different scenarios. The distances computed for various scenarios are from the center of the
pool fire.
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Table – 7.14
Radiation Intensities from Pool Fire during Failure of Acetic anhydride Tank
Radiation Intensities (kW/m2) 37.5 25.0 19.0 12.5 4.5 1.6
Distances (m) <10 <10 <10 <10 11 15
A perusal of the above table clearly indicates that 37.5 kW/m2 (100% lethality) occurs within
the radius of the pool which is computed at less than 10m tank on pool fire. Also 25 KW/m2
(50% lethality) occurs within 10m of tank on pool fire.
Similarly, the threshold limit for first degree burns is 1.6 kW/m2, this vulnerable zone in which
the thermal fluxes above the threshold limit for first degree is restricted to 15 m in case tank on
pool fire.
Scenario 2-C: Fireball from Catastrophic Explosion of Acetic anhydride Tank
Fireball formed due to catastrophic explosion of Acetic anhydride Storage tank
The maximum capacity of storage of Acetic anhydride will be 0.19 KL. In case of explosion
due BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion) of flammable liquid Acetic
anhydride from the vertical storage tank forms a fire-ball of the flammable chemical. The
thermal radiation generated from the fireball has been calculated through the Thermal
radiation model of ALOHA.
A). Source Strength: In case of BLEVE(Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion) of
flammable liquid in vertical cylindrical tank of diameter 0.5m, length 0.97m containing a 190
liters volume of flammable liquid Acetic anhydride. In worst-case scenario we consider 100% of
tank mass in fireball. The fire-ball will be of Diameter 33 m and will burn up to duration of 3
seconds.
B). Threat Zone:
The radiation threat-zone due to catastrophic explosion from the proposed acetic anhydride
storage tank is as depicted in below given Figure 7.5.
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Figure – 7.5: Threat zone of Catastrophic explosion- Acetic anhydride.
7.3.8 Hazardous Events with Greatest Contribution to Fatality Risk
The hazardous event scenarios likely to make the greatest contribution to the risk of
potential fatalities are summarized in Table-7.15. ‘Onsite facility’ refers to the operating site
at, whereas ‘offsite facility’ refers to transport and handling systems, which are away from
the operating site.
Table-7.15
Hazardous events contributing to on-site facility risk
Hazardous Event Risk Rank
Consequences of Interest
Onsite vehicle impact on personnel 3 Potential for single fatalities, onsite impact only Entrapment/struck by machinery 3 Potential for single fatalities, onsite impact only Fall from heights 3 Potential for single fatalities, onsite impact only Electrocution 3 Potential for single fatalities, onsite impact only Storage tank rupture 3 Potential for single fatalities, onsite impact only
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7.3.9 Risk Assessment Summary
The preliminary risk assessment has been completed for the proposed plant and associated
facilities and the broad conclusions are as follows:
There will be no significant community impacts or environmental damage consequences;
and
The hazardous event scenarios and risks in general at this facility can be adequately
managed to acceptable levels by performing the recommended safety studies as part of
detailed design, applying recommended control strategies and implementing a Safety
Management System.
7.3.10 Risk Reduction Opportunities
The following opportunities will be considered as a potential means of reducing identified
risks during the detailed design phase:
Buildings and plant structures designed for cyclone and seismic events (where
appropriate), to prevent structural collapse and integrity of weather (water) proofing for
storage of dangerous goods;
Provision for adequate water capacity to supply fire protection systems and critical
process water;
Isolate people from load carrying/mechanical handling systems, vehicle traffic and
storage and stacking locations;
Installation of fit-for-purpose access ways and fall protection systems to facilitate safe
access to fixed and mobile plant;
Provision and integrity of process tanks, waste holding tanks and bunded areas as per
relevant standards;
Containment of hazardous materials;
Security of facility to prevent unauthorized access to plant, introduction of prohibited
items, and control of onsite traffic; and
Development of emergency response management systems commensurate with site
specific hazards and risks (fire, explosion, rescue and first aid).
7.4 STORAGE AND HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
A storage and Handling of Hazardous chemical in a chemical industry is inevitable, and they
carry inherent characteristic risk to the employees due to the properties of chemicals such as
toxicity & flammability. Accident due to fire and explosion by flammable substances are
possible in process industry. The disastrous effect of fire, explosion and release of toxic
fumes in storage and production area, is due to inappropriate design, improper storage,
improper handling, poor maintenance or deficiencies in the operation of the plant. Chemical
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in any form can be stored, handled and used if their physical, chemical and hazardous
properties are thoroughly understood and necessary precautions are taken.
Each chemical has its specific character. Hence, chemicals do not co-exist. They need their
independent space, while storing. When two chemicals come in contact, they react
generating heat and by product gases. Ambient temperature and moisture can trigger the
reaction. Halogenated compounds acquire aggravated properties. It is only wise to treat
every chemical as Toxic.
Chemicals are potential enough to destroy the flesh, while skin is ultra sensitive to
chemicals. Chemicals on contact, the affected parts of the body should be washed
thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, to dilute the aggressive nature of
the chemical, as water is the only universal solvent and the best diluent. Then only
further treatment is to be followed.
Chemicals shall be handled in standard containers like MS, HDPE, GI Drums, PVC
Carboys, etc. All the chemicals are to be arranged and stored in accordance with their
compatibility, dry, well ventilated, with flame-proof electrical equipments and lighting. All
the chemicals are to be provided with identification labels.
Eye wash/Drench shower is to be provided at a strategic location for emergency
purpose.
Chemical Safety Data Sheets and handling procedure, First Aid measures are to be
prepared and displayed for information and safety of the working personnel.
7.4.1 Hazards/ Exposure Control of Chemicals
The hazards involved and its control measures for the following chemicals which are being
handled or stored in the premises are given below:
A. Xylene
Types of hazard /
exposure
Acute hazards / symptoms
Prevention First aid / fire fighting
Fire Flammable. NO open flames, NO sparks, and NO smoking. Wear self-contained breathing apparatus.
Extinguish with foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.
Explosion Vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed area.
Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Do NOT use compressed air for filling, discharging, or handling. Use non-sparking handtools.
In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.
Exposure
Inhalation Irritating to eyes, nose, and throat.
Ventilation, local exhaust, or breathing protection.
Move to fresh air. If breathing has stopped,
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headache, difficult breathing, or loss of Consciousness.
give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Call a doctor.
Skin Irritation to skin Protective gloves and boots.
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with plenty of water and soap. Refer for medical attention.
Eyes Irritation Safety goggles,face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.
Hold eyelids open and flush with plenty of water for atleast 15 min and undergo medical supervision.
Ingestion Nausea, vomiting, or loss of consciousness.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.
If victim is conscious, Rinse mouth and have victim drink water or milk. Do NOT induce vomiting. Rest. Refer for medical attention.
B. Acetic anhydride
Types of hazard / exposure
Acute hazards / symptoms
Prevention First aid / fire fighting
Fire
flammable. Reacts violently with water to form acetic acid
NO open flames, NO sparks, and NO smoking.
Dry Chemical or CO2, In case of tank on fire, flood with water, stay away from tank and do not pour water inside the tank.
Explosion
Risk of explosion in presence of mechanical impact
Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical lighting.
Cool containing vessels with water jet.
Exposure
Inhalation
Coughing, Chocking Shortness of breath may lead to bronchial infection in case of chronic exposure
Self contained Breathing apparatus, Ventilation, local exhaust, or breathing protection.
Fresh air, provide oxygen, avoid mouth-to-mouth resuscitation in case of corrosive and hazardous chemicals, Refer for medical attention.
Skin
Irritation, inflammation, soaring, reddening of skin
Protective gloves. Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention. Cover affected skin with emollient
Severe Skin contact
Itching, soaring, reddening and blistering of skin, skin burns
Protective gloves, Remove work-clothes that get significantly wet
Wash with disinfectant soap cover contaminated skin with antibacterial cream and refer for medical attention.
Eyes
Irritant, causes eye burn. Liquid mist causes tissue damage in eyes, inflammation causing redness, watering and itching.
Eyewash fountains in area, Safety goggles.
Remove lenses, rince with plenty of water for min 15min. Get medical attention immediately.
Ingestion Corrosive, destroys inner membrane of mouth, esophagus,
Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.
Loose tight clothing, Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical
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attention. If is conscious give 1-2 glass of water to dilute it.
7.5 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
7.5.1 Disasters
A disaster is a catastrophic situation in which suddenly, people are plunged into helplessness
and suffering and, as a result, need protection, clothing, shelter, medical and social care and
other necessities of life.
Disasters can be divided into two main groups. In the first, are disasters resulting from natural
phenomena like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, storm surges, cyclones, tropical storms,
floods, avalanches, landslides, forest fires. The second group includes disastrous events
occasioned by man, or by man's impact upon the environment. Examples are armed conflict,
industrial accidents, radiation accidents, factory fires, explosions and escape of toxic gases or
chemical substances, river pollution, mining or other structural collapses, air, sea, rail and road
transport accidents which can reach catastrophic dimensions in terms of human loss.
There can be no set criteria for assessing the gravity of a disaster in the abstract since this
depends to a large extent on the physical, economic and social environment in which it occurs.
What would be consider a major disaster in a developing country, ill equipped to cope with the
problems involved, may not mean more than a temporary emergency elsewhere. However, all
disasters bring in their wake similar consequences that call for immediate action, whether at the
local, national or international level, for the rescue and relief of the victims. This includes the
search for the dead and injured, medical and social care, removal of the debris, the provision of
temporary shelter for the homeless, food, clothing and medical supplies, and the rapid re-
establishment of essential services.
7.5.2 Objectives of Disaster Management Plan [DMP]
The Disaster Management Plan is aimed to ensure safety of life, protection of environment,
protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage operations in this same order of
priorities. For effective implementation of the Disaster Management Plan, it should be widely
circulated and personnel trained through rehearsals/drills.
The Disaster Management Plan should reflect the probable consequential severalties of the
undesired event due to deteriorating conditions or through 'Knock on' effects. Further the
management should be able to demonstrate that their assessment of the consequences uses
good supporting evidence and is based on currently available and reliable information, incident
data from internal and external sources and if necessary the reports of out side agencies.
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To tackle the consequences of a major emergency inside the plant or in the immediate vicinity
of the plant, a Disaster Management Plan has to be formulated and this planned emergency
document is called "Disaster Management Plan".
The objective of the Industrial Disaster Management Plan is to make use of the combined
resources of the plant and the outside services to achieve the following:
Effect the rescue and medical treatment of casualties;
Safeguard other people;
Minimize damage to property and the environment;
Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control;
Identify any dead;
Provide for the needs of relatives;
Provide authoritative information to the news media;
Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected area; and
Preserve relevant records and equipment for the subsequent inquiry into the cause
and circumstances of the Emergency.
In effect, it is to optimize operational efficiency to rescue, rehabilitate and render medical help
and to restore normalcy.
7.5.3 Emergencies
I. General, Industrial, Emergencies
The emergencies that could be envisaged in the plant and fuel storage are as follows:
A situation of fire at the Hydrogen Plant;
A situation of fire at the tank farm of all storages;
Slow isolated fires;
Fast spreading fires;
Structural failures;
Contamination of food/water; and
Sabotage/Social disorder.
II. Specific Emergencies Anticipated
Fire and Explosion
Fire consequences can be disastrous, since they involve huge quantities of fuel either stored or
in dynamic inventory in pipe lines or in nearby areas. Preliminary hazard analysis has provided
a basis for consequence estimation. Estimation can be made by using various pool fire, tank
fire consequence calculations. During the study of Risk Assessment, the nature of damages is
worked out and probability of occurrence of such hazards is also drawn up.
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7.5.4 Emergency Organization
It is recommended to setup an Emergency Organization. A senior executive who has control
over the affairs of the plant should lead the Emergency Organization. He shall be designated as
Site Controller. General Manager [O & M] shall be designated as the Incident Controller. In the
case of stores, utilities, open areas, which are not under the control of the Production Heads,
Senior Executive responsible for maintenance of utilities would be designated as Incident
Controller. All the Incident Controllers would be reporting to the Site Controller.
Each Incident Controller, by himself, organizes a team responsible for controlling the incidence
with the personnel under his control. Shift In-charge would be the reporting officer, who would
bring the incidence to the notice of the Incidence Controller and Site Controller.
Emergency Co-coordinators would be appointed who would undertake the responsibilities like
fire fighting, rescue, rehabilitation, transport and provide essential and support services. For this
purposes, Security In-charge, Personnel Department, Essential services personnel would be
engaged. All these personnel would be designated as Key personnel.
In each shift, electrical supervisor, electrical fitters, pump house in-charge, and other
maintenance staff would be drafted for emergency operations. In the event of power or
communication system failure, some of staff members in the office/plant offices would be
drafted and their services would be utilized as messengers for quick passing of
communications. All these personnel would be declared as essential personnel.
A. Emergency Communication
Whoever notices an emergency situation such as fire, growth of fire, leakage etc would inform
his immediate superior and Emergency Control Center. A place nearer to the Gate House
Complex shall be identified as Emergency Control Center. The person on duty in the
Emergency Control Center would appraise the Site Controller. Site Controller verifies the
situation from the Incident Controller of that area or the Shift In-charge and takes a decision
about an impending On Site Emergency. This would be communicated to all the Incident
Controllers, Emergency Co-ordinators. Simultaneously, the emergency warning system would
be activated on the instructions of the Site Controller.
7.5.5 Emergency Responsibilities
The responsibilities of the key personnel are appended below:
I. Site Controller
On receiving information about emergency he would rush to Emergency Control Center (ECC)
and take charge of ECC and the situation. His responsibilities would be as indicated below:
Assesses the magnitude of the situation on the advice of Incident Controller and decides;
Whether the affected area needs to be evacuated;
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Whether personnel who are at assembly points need to be evacuated;
Declares Emergency and orders for operation of emergency siren;
Organizes announcement by public address system about location of emergency;
Assesses which areas are likely to be affected, or need to be evacuated or are to be alerted;
Maintains a continuous review of possible development and assesses the situation in
consultation with Incident Controller and other Key Personnel as to whether shutting down
the plant or any section of the plant is required and if evacuation of persons is required;
Directs personnel for rescue, rehabilitation, transport, fire, brigade, medical and other
designated mutual support systems locally available, for meeting emergencies;
Controls evacuation of affected areas, if the situation is likely to go out of control or effects
are likely to go beyond the premises of the factory, informs the District Emergency Authority,
Police, Hospital and seeks their intervention and help;
Informs Inspector of Factories, Deputy Chief Inspector of Factories, CECB and other
statutory authorities;
Gives a public statement if necessary;
Keeps record of chronological events and prepares an investigation report and preserves
evidence; and
On completion of On Site Emergency and restoration of normalcy, declares all clear and
orders for all clear warning.
II. Incident Controller
Assembles the incident control team;
Directs operations within the affected areas with the priorities for safety to personnel
minimize damage to the plant, property and environment and minimize the loss of
materials;
Directs the shutting down and evacuation of plant and areas likely to be adversely affected
by the emergency;
Ensures that key personnel help is sought;
Provides advice and information to the Fire and Security Officer and the Local Fire
Services as and when they arrive;
Ensures that all non-essential workers/staff of the affected areas are evacuated to the
appropriate assembly points, and the areas are searched for casualties;
Has regard to the need for preservation of evidence so as to facilitate any inquiry into the
causes and circumstances, which caused or escalated the emergency;
Co-ordinates with emergency services at the site;
Provides tools and safety equipment to the team members;
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Keeps in touch with the team and advices them regarding the method of control to be
used; and
Keeps the Site Controller of Emergency informed of the progress being made.
III. Emergency Coordinator - Rescue, Fire Fighting
On knowing about emergency, rushes to ECC;
Helps the Incident Controller in containment of the emergency;
Ensure fire pumps are in operating condition and instructs pump house operator to ready
for any emergency with standby arrangement;
Guides the fire fighting crew i.e. firemen, trained plant personnel and security staff;
Organizes shifting the fire fighting facilities to the emergency site, if required;
Takes guidance of the Incident Controller for fire fighting as well as assesses the
requirements of outside help;
Arranges to control the traffic at the gate and the incident area;
Directs the security staff to the incident site to take part in the emergency operations under
his guidance and supervision;
Evacuates the people in the plant or in the nearby areas as advised by Site Controller;
Searches for casualties and arranges proper aid for them;
Assembles search and evacuation team;
Arranges for safety equipment for the members of this team;
Decides which paths the evacuated workers should follow; and
Maintains law and order in the area, and if necessary seeks the help of police.
IV. Emergency Coordinator-Medical, Mutual Aid, Rehabilitation, Transport and
communication
In the event of failure of electric supply and thereby internal telephone, sets up
communication point and establishes contact with the ECC;
Organizes medical treatment to the injured and if necessary will shift the injured to near by
hospitals;
Mobilizes extra medical help from outside, if necessary;
Keeps a list of qualified first aid providers for the plant and seeks their assistance;
Maintains first aid and medical emergency requirements;
Makes sure that all safety equipment is made available to the emergency team;
Assists Site Controller with necessary data to coordinate the emergency activities;
Assists Site Controller in updating emergency plan, organizing mock drills, verification of
inventory of emergency facilities and furnishing report to Site Controller;
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Maintains liaison with Civil Administration;
Ensures availability of canteen facilities and maintenance of rehabilitation center.
Liaises with Site Controller/Incident Controller;
Ensures transportation facility;
Ensures availability of necessary cash for rescue/rehabilitation and emergency expenditure;
Controls rehabilitation of affected areas on discontinuation of emergency; and
Makes available diesel/petrol for transport vehicles engaged in emergency operation.
V. Emergency Coordinator - Essential Services
Assists Site Controller and Incident Controller;
Maintains essential services like Diesel Generator, Water, Fire Water, Compressed
Air/Instrument Air, power supply for lighting;
Plans alternate facilities in the event of power failure, to maintain essential services such as
lighting, etc;
Organizes separate electrical connections for all utilities and emergency services so that in
the event of emergency or fires, essential services and utilities are not affected;
Gives necessary instructions regarding emergency electrical supply, isolation of certain
sections etc. to shift in-charge and electricians; and
Ensures availability of adequate quantities of protective equipment and other emergency
materials, spares etc.
VI. General Responsibilities of Employees during an Emergency
During an emergency, which becomes more enhanced and pronounced when an emergency
warning is raised, the workers who are in-charge of process equipment should adopt safe and
emergency shut down and attend to any prescribed duty as essential employee. If no such
responsibility is assigned, he should adopt a safe course to assembly point and await
instructions. He should not resort to spreading panic. On the other hand, he must assist
emergency personnel towards meeting the objectives of DMP.
7.5.6 Emergency Facilities
I. Emergency Control Center (ECC)
The following information and equipment are to be provided at the Emergency Control Center
(ECC).
Intercom, telephone;
P and T telephone;
Self contained breathing apparatus;
Fire suit/gas tight goggles/gloves/helmets;
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Hand tools, wind direction/velocities indications;
Public address megaphone, hand bell, telephone directories;
(internal, P and T) plant layout, site plan;
Emergency lamp/torch light/batteries;
Plan indicating locations of hazard inventories, plant control room, sources of safety
equipment, work road plan, assembly points, rescue location vulnerable zones, escape
routes;
Hazard chart;
Emergency shut-down procedures;
Nominal roll of employees;
List of key personnel, list of essential employees, list of Emergency Co-ordinators;
Duties of key personnel;
Address with telephone numbers and key personnel, emergency coordinator, essential
employees; and
Important address and telephone numbers including Government agencies, neighboring
industries and sources of help, outside experts, fuel fact sheets and population details
around the factory.
II Assembly Point
One assembly points, depending upon the plant location, would be identified wherein
employees who are not directly connected with the disaster management would be assembled
for safety and rescue. Emergency breathing apparatus, minimum facilities like water etc. would
be organized.
In view of the size of plant, different locations would be ear marked as assembly points.
Depending upon the location of hazard, the assembly points are to be used.
III Fire Fighting Facilities
First Aid and sufficient number of Fire extinguishers suitable for emergency should be
maintained in the plant. This would be as per statutory requirements. Fire alarms would be
located in the bulk storage areas.
IV Location of Wind Sock
Wind socks shall be installed at appropriate places in the plant to indicate direction of wind for
emergency escape.
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V Emergency Medical Facilities
General first aid materials for dealing with chemical burns, fire burns etc would be maintained in
the emergency control room. To provide necessary first aid facilities, the first aid training will
also be given to the employees. Necessary specific medicines for emergency treatment of
Patient’s Burns would be maintained. Breathing apparatus and other emergency medical
equipment would be provided and maintained. The unit will appoint the medical officer for the
regular medical examination of the employee. The project site is located only 11 km away from
Rajkot city, in case of any emergency Government and private hospital would be approached.
Names of Medical Personnel, Medical facilities in the area would be prepared and updated.
VI Ambulance
There is availability of personal vehicles to transport injured or affected persons to the hospital.
Number of persons would be trained in first aid so that, in every shift first aid personnel would
be available.
7.5.7 Emergency Actions
7.5.7.1 Emergency Warning
The emergency would be communicated both to the personnel inside the plant and the people
outside. An emergency warning system shall be established for this purpose.
7.5.7.2 Emergency Shutdown
There are number of facilities, which can be provided to help deal with hazardous conditions,
when a tank is on fire. The suggested arrangements are:
1. Stop feed;
2. Dilute contents;
3. Remove heat;
4. Deluge with water; and
5. Transfer contents.
Whether a given method is appropriate depends on the particular case.
7.5.7.3 Evacuation of Personnel
There could be a number of persons in the storage area and other areas in the vicinity. The
area would have adequate number of exits, staircases. In the event of an emergency,
unconnected personnel have to escape to assembly point. Operators have to take emergency
shutdown procedure and escape. Time Office shall maintain a copy of deployment of
employees in each shift, at ECC. If necessary, persons can be evacuated by rescue teams.
7.5.7.4 All Clear Signal
Also, at the end of an emergency, after discussing with Incident Controllers and Emergency Co-
coordinators, the Site Controller orders an all clear signal. When it becomes essential, the Site
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Controller communicates to the District Emergency Authority, Police, Fire Service personnel
regarding help required or development of the situation into an Off-Site Emergency.
7.5.8 General
7.5.8.1 Employee Information
During an emergency, employees would be warned by raising siren in specific pattern.
Employees would be given training of escape routes and taking shelter. Employees would be
provided with information related to fire hazards, antidotes and first aid measures. Those who
would be designated as key personnel and essential employees should be given training for
emergency response.
7.5.8.2 Public Information and Warning
The industrial disaster effects related to this plant may mostly be confined to the plant area. The
detailed risk analysis has indicated that the pool fire effects would not be felt outside. However,
as an abundant precaution, the information related to Chemical in use would be furnished to
District Emergency Authority for necessary dissemination to general public and for any use
during an offsite emergency. Plants of this size and nature have been in existence in our
country for a long time.
7.5.8.3 Co-ordination with Local Authorities
Keeping in view of the nature of emergency, two levels of coordination are proposed. In the
case of an On Site Emergency, resources within the organization would be mobilized and in the
event extreme emergency local authorities help would be sought.
In the event of an emergency developing into an off site emergency, local authority and District
Emergency Authority (normally the Collector) would be appraised and under his supervision,
the Off Site Disaster Management Plan would be exercised. For this purpose, the facilities that
are available locally, i.e. medical, transport, personnel, rescue accommodation, voluntary
organizations etc. would be mustered. Necessary rehearsals and training in the form of mock
drills would be organized.
7.5.8.4 Mutual Aid
Mutual aid in the form of technical personnel, runners, helpers, special protective equipment,
transport vehicles, communication facility etc would be sought from the neighboring industries.
7.5.8.5 Mock Drills
Emergency preparedness is an important part of planning in Industrial Disaster Management.
Personnel would be trained suitably and prepared mentally and physically in emergency
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response through carefully planned, simulated procedures. Similarly, the key personnel and
essential personnel would be trained in the operations.
7.5.8.6 Important Information
Once the Plant goes on stream, important information such names and addresses of key
personnel, essential employees, medical personnel outside the plant, transporters address,
address of those connected with Off Site Emergency such as Police, Local Authorities, Fire
Services, District Emergency Authority would be prepared and maintained. The on-site
emergency organization chart for various emergencies is shown in Figure-7.6.
FIG-7.6
On-Site Emergency Organization Chart
Operator
Shift Incharge
Safety Officer
Site Controller Room
Emergency Control
Emergency Coordinaror Emergency Coordinaror
(Medical,Mutual,Aid
Rehabilitation,Transport and Communication)
(Rescue,Fire Fighting)
Electrician, First Aid,
Transport-Driver
Telephone-Operator
Electrician Pump Operator
Emergency Coordinaror
(Essential Services)
Pump Operator
Shift Incharge
Incident Controller
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7.6 OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN
The task of preparing the Off-Site Emergency Plan lies with the District Collector; however the
off-site plan will be prepared with the help of the local district authorities. The proposed plan will
be based on the following guidelines.
7.6.1 Introduction
Off-site emergency plan would follow the on-site emergency plan. When the consequences of
an emergency situation go beyond the plant boundaries, it becomes an off-site emergency. Off-
site emergency is essentially the responsibility of the public administration. However, the plant
management will provide the public administration with the technical information relating to the
nature, quantum and probable consequences on the neighboring population.
The off-site plan in detail will be based on those events, which are most likely to occur, but
other less likely events, which have severe consequence, will also be considered. Incidents
which have very severe consequences yet have a small probability of occurrence would also be
considered during the preparation of the plan. However, the key feature of a good off-site
emergency plan is flexibility in its application to emergencies other than those specifically
included in the formation of the plan.
The roles of the various parties who will be involved in the implementation of an off-site plan are
described below. Depending on local arrangements, the responsibility for the off-site plan would
either rest with the plant management or with the local authority. Either way, the plan would
identify an emergency co-ordinating officer, who would take the overall command of the off-site
activities. As with the on-site plan, an emergency control center would be setup within which the
emergency co-ordination officer can operate.
An early decision will be required in many cases on the advice to be given to people living
"within range" of the accident - in particular whether they should be evacuated or told to go
indoors. In the latter case, the decision can regularly be reviewed in the event of an escalation
of the incident. Consideration of evacuation may include the following factors:
In the case of a major fire but without explosion risk (e.g. an oil storage tank), only houses
close to the fire are likely to need evacuation, although a severe smoke hazard may require
this to be reviewed periodically; and
If a fire is escalating and in turn threatening a store of hazardous material, it might be
necessary to evacuate people nearby, but only if there is time; if insufficient time exists,
people should be advised to stay indoors and shield them from the fire. This latter case
particularly applies if the installation at risk could produce a fireball with very severe thermal
radiation effects.
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Although the plan will have sufficient flexibility built in to cover the consequences of the range of
accidents identified for the on-site plan, it will cover in some detail the handling of the
emergency to a particular distance from each major hazard works.
7.6.2 Aspects Proposed to be considered in the Off-Site Emergency Plan
The main aspects, which should be included in the emergency plan are:
Organization
Detail of command structure, warning systems, implementation procedures, emergency control
centers.
Names and appointments of incident controller, site main controller, their deputies and other
key personnel.
Communications
Identification of personnel involved, communication center, call signs, network, list of telephone
numbers.
Specialized Knowledge
Details of specialist bodies, firms and people upon whom it may be necessary to call e.g. those
with specialized fuel knowledge, laboratories.
Voluntary Organizations
Details of organizers, telephone numbers, resources etc.
Fuel Information
Details of the hazardous substances stored and a summary of the risk associated with them.
Meteorological Information
Arrangements for obtaining details of weather forecasts and weather conditions prevailing at
that time.
Humanitarian Arrangements
Transport, evacuation centers, emergency feeding, treatment of injured, first aid, ambulances
and temporary mortuaries.
Public Information
Arrangements for (a) dealing with the media press office; (b) informing relatives, etc.
Assessment of Emergency Plan
Arrangements for:
(a) Collecting information on the causes of the emergency;
(b) Reviewing the efficiency and effectiveness of all aspects of the emergency plan.
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7.6.3 Role of the Emergency Coordinating Officer
The various emergency services would be Coordinated by an emergency Coordinating officer
(ECO), who will be designated by the district collector. The ECO would liaison closely with the
site main controller. Again depending on local arrangements, for very severe incidents with
major or prolonged off-site consequences, the external control would be passed to a senior
local authority administrator or even an administrator appointed by the central or state
government. The ECO will be equipped with address and phone numbers of important
agencies.
7.6.4 Role of the Local Authority
The duty to prepare the off-site plan lies with the local authorities. The emergency planning
officer (EPO) appointed should carry out his duty in preparing for a whole range of different
emergencies within the local authority area. The EPO should liaison with the plant, to obtain the
information to provide the basis for the plan. This liaison should ensure that the plan is
continually kept upto date.
It will be the responsibility of the EPO to ensure that all those organizations which will be
involved off site in handling the emergency, know of their role and are able to accept it by
having for example, sufficient staff and appropriate equipment to cover their particular
responsibilities. Rehearsals for off-site plans should be organized by the EPO.
7.6.5 Role of Police
Formal duties of the police during an emergency include protecting life and property and
controlling traffic movements.
Their functions should include controlling bystanders, evacuating the public, identifying the
dead and dealing with casualties, and informing relatives of death or injury.
7.6.6 Role of Fire Authorities
The control of a fire should be normally the responsibility of the senior fire brigade officer who
would take over the handling of the fire from the site incident controller on arrival at the site. The
senior fire brigade officer should also have a similar responsibility for other events, such as
explosions. Fire authorities in the region should be apprised about the location of all stores of
flammable materials, water and foam supply points, and fire-fighting equipment. They should be
involved in on-site emergency rehearsals both as participants and, on occasion, as observers
of exercises involving only site personnel.
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7.6.7 Role of Health Authorities
Health authorities, including doctors, surgeons, hospitals, ambulances, and so on, should have
a vital part to play following a major accident, and they should form an integral part of the
emergency plan.
For major fires, injuries should be the result of the effects of thermal radiation to a varying
degree, and the knowledge and experience to handle this in all but extreme cases may be
generally available in most hospitals.
Major off-site incidents are likely to require medical equipment and facilities additional to those
available locally, and a medical "mutual aid” scheme should exist to enable the assistance of
neighboring authorities to be obtained in the event of an emergency.
7.6.8 Role of Government Safety Authority
This will be the factory inspectorate available in the region. Inspectors are likely to satisfy
themselves that the organization responsible for producing the off-site plan has made adequate
arrangements for handling emergencies of all types including major emergencies. They may
wish to see well-documented procedures and evidence of exercise undertaken to test the plan.
In the event of an accident, local arrangements regarding the role of the factory inspector will
apply. These may vary from keeping a watching brief to a close involvement in advising on
operations.
The action plan suggested for control of the off-site emergencies is given in Table-7.16.
Table-7.16
Off-Site Action Plan
Sr. No.
Action required to be taken to mitigate disaster by aid giving
agency
Responsible agencies for taking action
Equipments/material facilities required at site to
mitigate emergency A1 Arrangements for
evacuation/rescue of persons from zone of influence to predetermined camps
Police Department Self Breathing apparatus with spare cylinder Chemical gas mask with spare canister Vehicle with PA system Transportation for evacuation of people
2 Caution to public by announcement 3 Traffic and Mob control by
cordoning of the area
4 Law & order 5 Request to railway authority for
keeping the nearest by railway gate open & to stop the up & down trains at the nearest railway station
B1 Control of fire District Fire Brigade
Self breathing apparatus with spare cylinders
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Sr. No.
Action required to be taken to mitigate disaster by aid giving
agency
Responsible agencies for taking action
Equipments/material facilities required at site to
mitigate emergency 1 Scrubbing of the flashed off gas
cloud with water curtain
Foam/water fire tenders Gas mask with spare canisters Lime water Neck to toe complete asbestos suit, PVC hand gloves, gumboots, safety goggles Mobile scrubbing system along with suction arrangement.
2 To rescue trapped persons
3 If fire is big, keep surrounding area cool by spraying water
4 Communication to TNEB to continue or cut off electric supply
5 Communication to water supply department for supplying water
C1 Medical facilities for affected persons (first aid and treatment)
Hospital and public health
Ambulance with onboard resuscitation unit, first aid, stretchers
D1 Identification of concentration of gas in zone of influence
Pollution control board
Gas detector
E1 Removal of debris and damaged structures
Municipal corporation
Provide bulldozers Provide cranes
F1 Monitor the incoming and out going transports
Transport department
Provide traffic police at site Provide emergency shifting vehicles at site Provide stock of fuel for vehicles
2 Arrange emergency shifting of affected persons and non affected person to specified area
3 Arrange diesel/petrol for needed vehicles
G1 Give all information related to meteorological aspects for safe handling of affected area for living beings
Meteorological Department
Provide wind direction and velocity instruments with temperature measure Mobile van for meteorological parameter measurements
2 Forecast if any important weather change
H1 Representatives of all departments are in the local crisis group; therefore they are expected to render services available with them. Since it is a group of experts with authority, the mitigating measures can be implemented speedily. The representatives from locals are also there so that communication with local people is easy and quick.
Local Crises Group
Must have all resources at hand, specially disaster management plan and its implementation method. All relevant information related to hazardous industry are generally available with crisis group News paper editor is a part of the group so that right and timely media release can be done
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Sr. No.
Action required to be taken to mitigate disaster by aid giving
agency
Responsible agencies for taking action
Equipments/material facilities required at site to
mitigate emergency 2 The district emergency or disaster
control officer is the president and he is used to mock drill etc. so action can be taken in right direction in time
I1 Collector is the President of District Crisis Group therefore all district infrastructure facilities are diverted to affected zone
District Crisis group
All necessary facilities available at district can be made available at affected zone Control of law and order situation
2 All other functions as mentioned for local crisis group
7.6.9 Personal Protective Equipment
I. Clothing
Chemical-resistant clothing and protective gloves with material suitable for handling various
hazardous chemicals.
II. Eye Protection
Employees will use splash-proof goggles while dealing with hazardous chemicals. An eye-
wash fountain or an eye wash kit for in case of emergency.
III. First Aid:
Prompt action will be taken in case of any kind of spillage or leakage. In case of any kind of
chemical spill or leak, following actions will be taken:
Breathing
Person will be moved to the fresh air at once (in case of inhalation). If breathing stops,
artificial respiration will be performed. Affected person will be kept warm and resting
and medical attention will be provided immediately.
Eye Exposure
Eyes will be washed immediately with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes,
lifting the upper and lower lids. Medical attention will be provided immediately. Workers
shall not be allowed wearing Contact lenses while working in the premises near the
area of risk of hazardous spill or leak.
Skin Exposure
Skin contaminated with acid or any kind of chemical will be flushed with soap and
water for at least 15 minutes(or as recommended in the MSDS of the chemical). If
strong concentrations of gas or solution penetrate clothing, then cloths will be removed
and skin will be flushed with water. Medical attention will be provided immediately.
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Swallowing
In case of swallowing, if the person is conscious, large amounts of water or milk will be
given. Medical attention will be provided immediately. Material safety data sheet
(MSDS) will be referred or a physician will be called.
Spill Management
If any solvents spill or leak occurs, following actions will be taken:
Fire officer or the local fire department will be intimated. Untrained persons or
those without proper personal protective equipment will not allowed enter in
affected areas. Evacuation and restriction of people from the hazardous area of
release of chemical.
Stop or control the source of exposure.
Ventilation of contaminated atmospheres by opening windows to disperse the
fumes.
If the exposure is from the spill of a solution, collection of the spilled material.
Dilution and neutralize of the spill if possible and disposal in a secured landfill.
7.7 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
For large industries, where multifarious activities are involved during construction, erection,
testing, commissioning, operation and maintenance, the men, materials and machines are the
basic inputs. Along with the boons, industrialization generally brings several problems like
occupational health and safety.
The industrial planner, therefore, has to properly plan and take steps to minimize the impacts of
industrialization and to ensure appropriate occupational health and safety including fire plans.
All these activities again may be classified under construction and erection, and operation and
maintenance.
7.7.1 Occupational Health
Occupational health needs attention both during construction and erection and operation and
maintenance phases. However, the problem varies both in magnitude and variety in the above
phases.
Construction and Erection
The occupational health problems envisaged at this stage can mainly be due to
constructional accident and noise. To overcome these hazards, in addition to arrangements
to reduce it within TLV's, necessary protective equipments shall also be supplied to
workers.
Operation and Maintenance
The problem of occupational health, in the operation and maintenance phase is primarily
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due to noise which could affect hearing. The necessary personal protective equipments
will be given to all the workers. The working personnel shall be given the following
appropriate personnel protective equipments.
Industrial Safety Helmet;
Crash Helmets;
Face shield with replacement acrylic vision;
Zero power plain goggles with cut type filters on both ends;
Zero power goggles with cut type filters on both sides and blue color glasses;
Cylindrical type earplug;
Ear muffs;
Canister Gas mask;
Self contained breathing apparatus;
Leather apron;
Aluminized fiber glass fix proximity suit with hood and gloves;
Boiler suit;
Safety belt/line man's safety belt;
Leather hand gloves;
Asbestos hand gloves;
Acid/Alkali proof rubberized hand gloves;
Canvas cum leather hand gloves with leather palm;
Lead hand glove;
Electrically tested electrical resistance hand gloves; and
Industrial safety shoes with steel toe.
Full-fledged hospital facilities will be available round the clock for attending emergency arising
out of accidents, if any. All working personnel will be medically examined at least once in every
year and at the end of his term of employment. Pre and Post-employment Medical check-up is
being already carried out and the same shall be followed after the said expansion. This is in
addition to the pre-employment medical examination.
7.7.2 Safety Plan
Safety of both men and materials during construction and operation phases is of concern.
Safety plan shall be prepared and implemented in the proposed expansion of plant. The
preparedness of an industry for the occurrence of possible disasters is known as emergency
plan. The disaster in the plant is possible due to collapse of structures and fire/explosion etc.
Keeping in view the safety requirement during construction, operation and maintenance
phases, and the plant has formulated safety policy with the following regulations:
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To allocate sufficient resources to maintain safe and healthy conditions of work;
To take steps to ensure that all known safety factors are taken into account in the design,
construction, operation and maintenance of plants, machinery and equipment;
To ensure that adequate safety instructions are given to all employees;
To provide wherever necessary protective equipment, safety appliances and clothing and
to ensure their proper use;
To inform employees about materials, equipment or processes used in their work which
are known to be potentially hazardous to health or safety;
To keep all operations and methods of work under regular review for making necessary
changes from the point of view of safety in the light of experience and upto date
knowledge;
To provide appropriate facilities for first aid and prompt treatment of injuries and illness at
work;
To provide appropriate instruction, training, retraining and supervision to employees in
health and safety, first aid and to ensure that adequate publicity is given to these matters;
To ensure proper implementation of fire prevention methods and an appropriate fire
fighting service together with training facilities for personnel involved in this service;
To organize collection, analysis and presentation of data on accident, sickness and
incident involving people injury or injury to health with a view to taking corrective, remedial
and preventive action;
To promote through the established machinery, joint consultation in health and safety
matters to ensure effective participation by all employees;
To publish/notify regulations, instructions and notices in the common language of
employees;
To prepare separate safety rules for each type of occupation/processes involved in a plant;
and
To ensure regular safety inspection by a competent person at suitable intervals of all
buildings, equipments, work places and operations.
GENERAL SAFETY MEASURES
Proper ventilation system will be provided at storage and processing areas of
chemicals so that to maintain PEL valves of chemicals and solvents.
Good housekeeping, disposal methods will be followed to control the fugitive
emissions of chemicals.
In order to prevent the work men from facing the musculo -skeletal disorders,
backache, pain in minor and major joints etc, manual carrying of heavy materials will
be avoided. All liquid raw materials/solvents will be transferred through closed piping
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system either by pumping or by gravity, to reduce the carrying load on work men
against gravity. Safe carrying weights (up to 15 kgs) only allowed to be carried by
work men. Stair cases with suitable gradient will be constructed in the work sheds.
Material handling trolleys will be provided to carry/handle the solid materials from one
place to other.
Employees will be educated, trained and, informed about the chemicals and their
properties by displaying the material safety data sheets (MSDS) in the processing
areas.
Awareness about potential hazards, work hazards, fire hazards, and health hazards
associated with the chemicals which are being used by the industry will be developed
among the employees.
Apart from the above, the following general safety precautions will be implemented in the
plant.
Shielding guards will be provided to all belt pulleys, couplings and all moving parts of
the machinery.
All electrical cables and electrical equipment will be properly grounded and earthed.
Poster display regarding safety, health and environmental protection will be arranged
in the plant to make awareness of safety and health.
All responsible employees will be educated and trained to handle the fire fighting
equipment.
NO SMOKING policy will be strictly implemented in the entire plant area.
Emergency exits will be provided at the selected places.
No employee will be allowed to expose to a noise level greater than 85dB(A) for a
period of more than 8 hours per day with out hearing protection.
Periodical health check up of employees will be held as a part of occupational health
surveillance.
One shower type eye wash will be provided in the plant area.
Fire extinguisher will be provided where ever is needed.
All flammable chemicals and solvents will be kept away from ignition sources and
heat.
Storage of chemicals will be as per their compatibility.
Proper exhaust ventilation will be provided to the process area to maintain the
airborne concentrations and solvents below their TLV values.
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7.7.3 Safety Organization
Construction and Erection Phase
A qualified and experienced safety officer shall be appointed. The responsibilities of the safety
officer include identification of the hazardous conditions and unsafe acts of workers and advice
on corrective actions, conduct safety audit, organize training programs and provide professional
expert advice on various issues related to occupational safety and health. He is also
responsible to ensure compliance of Safety Rules/ Statutory Provisions. In addition to
employment of safety officer by CPC, every contractor, who employs more than 250 workers,
shall also employ one safety officer to ensure safety of the worker, in accordance with the
conditions of contract.
Operation and Maintenance Phase
When the construction is completed the posting of safety officers shall be in accordance with
the requirement of Factories Act and their duties and responsibilities shall be as defined there
off.
7.7.4 Safety Circle
In order to fully develop the capabilities of the employees in identification of hazardous
processes and improving safety and health, safety circles would be constituted in each area of
work. The circle would consist of 5-6 employees from that area. The circle normally shall meet
for about an hour every week.
7.7.5 Safety Training
A full-fledged training center shall be set up at the plant. Safety training shall be provided by the
Safety Officers with the assistance of faculty members called from Professional Safety
Institutions and Universities. In addition to regular employees, limited contractor labors shall
also be provided safety training. To create safety awareness safety films shall be shown to
workers and leaflets shall be distributed. Some precautions and remedial measures proposed
to be adopted to prevent fires are:
Compartmentalization of cable galleries, use of proper sealing techniques of cable
passages and crevices in all directions would help in localizing and identifying the area
of occurrence of fire as well as ensure effective automatic and manual fire fighting
operations;
Spread of fire in horizontal direction would be checked by providing fire stops for cable
shafts;
Reliable and dependable type of fire detection system with proper zoning and interlocks
for alarms are effective protection methods for conveyor galleries;
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Housekeeping of high standard helps in eliminating the causes of fire and regular fire
watching system strengthens fire prevention and fire fighting; and
Proper fire watching by all concerned would be ensured.
7.7.6 Health and Safety Monitoring Plan
The health of all employees shall be monitored once in a year for early detection of any ailment
due to exposure to heat, fumes and noise. Pre and Post-employment Medical Check-up for all
the employees will be carried out regularly.
7.8 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
7.8.1 Impact
I. Impact on population composition
The population composition of a place changes due to various factors viz, topography,
availability of water, agricultural practices, economic development, transport facilities and
migration of people. Migration of people brings changes in population size, sex ratio, adult-
child ratio and size & composition of labor force. The industry is a proposed new project in
which local people will be employed directly and it will also help in generating various indirect
jobs helping in creating an employment cycle.
As most of the people will be employed locally, therefore, there will be less influx of people
from outside in the study area. At present per household size is 5 to 6 persons. As the local
people will be employed there will be minimal impact on the population of the study area.
However, a significant increase in population can be expected through indirect jobs as and
when the proposed new project will expand.
II. Impact on employment generation
The existing project consists a total of 7 employees. Additional 19 Employees are proposed
to be employed during expansion.
Description Mgmt. Staff
Supervisory Staff
Clerks Company Workers
Total*
E P E P E P E P E P
Administration 1 1 - - 1 2 1 2 3 5 Plant Operation - - 1 2 - - 2 8 3 10 Store & Dispatch - - - 1 - 1 1 2 1 4
Total 1 1 1 3 1 3 4 8 7 19 *E: Existing, P: Proposed Employment will be given to local people to the extent possible. However, the local people
cannot be employed in the proposed expansion project as it is synthetic organic industry and
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requires an expertise and highly skilled jobs and qualification of the people in the study area
do not match the requirement. However, recruitment of local people wherever suitable will be
done and at least 80% reservation for recruitment of local people has been planned by
proponent.
The proposed new will generate various indirect employments which will help people locally,
regionally mainly and later nationally. They will be involved in various job activities such as
packing, warehousing, transportation, advertisement, direct selling, bulk selling etc. This will
involve many people to generate income.
III. Impact on Local, Regional and National Environment
The major impact will be locally especially in the study area. The proponent will focus on the
manufacturing of Synthetic resins. With the coming up of industry it will lead to a quick and
long term impact locally and regionally especially. With the increasing rate of employment in
the region the development in terms of standard of living, education etc will increase. Later,
when the industry will increase it will contribute to the national level though marginally.
IV. People’s perception about the project
M/s. Nirav Chemical Industries is an existing small scale unit manufacturing synthetic resin
@ 2000 TPM by formulation activity only. The unit now proposes to manufacture
Unsaturated Polyester Resin & Alkyd Resin with the cumulative production capacity of
2000 TPM and Saturated Polyester Resin, Epoxy Resin & Vinyl Ester Resin with the
cumulative production capacity of 300 TPM. The expansion project is proposed within the
existing premises at Changodar in Taluka Sanand of District Ahmedabad. A survey was
conducted in the study area by a well experienced team.
A survey of local people in the study area was conducted. The survey included three Taluka
of Ahmedabad district, these are 1) Sanand 2) Dholka 3) Daskroi. There are various
expectations of the people in the study area as 14% stated employment is a big necessity,
while 23% people agreed that better and upgraded medical facilities is required both for
humans and animals in the study region, 15% of people agreed that water and better
agriculture facilities are required, while a greater 8% of people stressed that education and
infrastructure building such as better road, electricity etc is the need of the hour. Around 40%
of people did not respond to the question. Thus due to the proposed expansion in the
existing industry people will be benefitted as the proponent will provide greater employment
opportunities to the local people and will do various activities in favor of the people in the
study area.
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7.8.2 Mitigation / management measures
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept whereby organizations take
responsibility for their impact on society and environment. It is also known as Corporate
Responsibility, Corporate Citizenship, Responsible Business and Sustainable Responsible
Business (SRB). As is the case in many countries, the private sector is generally more active
in this area than the governmental/public sector.
Since the mid-1990s nearly all leading corporate in India are involved in Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR) programmes in areas like education, health, livelihood creation, skill
development, and empowerment of weaker sections of the society. Notable efforts have
come from the Tata Group, Infosys, Bharti Enterprises, Coca Cola India, PepsiCo and ITC
Welcome group, among others. India has been named among the top ten Asian countries
paying increasing importance towards corporate social responsibility (CSR). The Corporate
India has spread its CSR activities across 20 states and Union territories. About 36 per cent
of the CSR activities are concentrated in the state of Maharashtra, followed by about 12 per
cent in Gujarat, 10 per cent in Delhi and 9 per cent in Tamil Nadu.
The Government of India has finalized plans to ensure that Public Sector companies actively
participate in CSR initiatives. It was expected that 2-5 per cent of the company's net profits
would be funded in such projects.
The project proponent has planned various Corporate Social activities in the study area for
the proposed expansion project in Sanand taluka of Ahmedabad district.
1. The proponent will organize medical camps in the study region. In the survey it was
reported by the interviewee that Diarrhoea, anemia, etc. are the common health
problems in the study region. The medical camps for these diseases will be organized.
The medical camp for vaccination of children against six major diseases will also be
organized.
2. The proponent will carry out plantation all along the road side in nearby villages and
development of garden/greenbelt on government barren land/common plots.
3. The unit will organize education aids & scholarship to poor students for higher education.
4. The unit will give their adequate and reasonable contribution for the local religious and
social programs in the nearby villages.
5. Company will also cooperate and participate in the various activities conducted by the
government for the socio-economic development and welfare of the society such as;
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Participate in the medical camp organized in the villages.
Participate and cooperate in animal husbandry camp.
Participate in the Forestry Programme of state government.
Participate and Cooperate in Education Camp of state government.
Award scholarship to students for higher education.
Participate and Cooperate in Education Camp of state government.
Award scholarship to students for higher education.
Participate in the national programme organized on 15th August and 26th January.
Participate in new school admission campaign.
Participate in Cleanliness Camp of state government.
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SECTION VIII
PROJECT BENEFITS
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SECTION-VIII
PROJECT BENEFITS
INDEX
S. No. Particulars Page No.
8.0 PROJECT BENEFITS 184
8.1 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 184
8.2 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 184
8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL –SKILLED; SEMI-SKILLED AND
UNSKILLED
184
8.4 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS 185
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PROJECT BENEFITS
8.0 PROJECT BENEFITS
The unit is located in Ahmedabad district of Gujarat, which is only 22.0 km far from the
Ahmedabad City. Ahmdabad is the largest industrial center in the western India and has
been important base of commerce, trade and industry. Ahmedabad hosts several large
scale, medium scale and small scale manufacturing industries, some major industrial
segment includes dyes and dye intermediates, Bulk drug & pharmaceuticals, textiles etc.
Ahmedabad is one of the 30 Megacities of the world and is expected to grow at a healthy 6.3% in
period 2010-16 and Ahmedabad’s GDP is predicted to grow at 10.1% per annum in this period.
Following the rapid growth in commerce, trade and industry, Ahmedabad is now also
witnessing a major construction boom and increase in population due to the migration from
not only over the Gujarat but from all over the India.
Synthetic Resin, finished product of the Nirav Chemical Industries, being a wide and different
uses in industry, commerce and domestic application has huge potential in Ahmedabad and
local market.
8.1 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Being small scale manufacturing unit, the proposed expansion project will not have any
noticeable impacts on society such as growth in schools, hospitals, hotels & resorts,
transport etc. On the contrary all such infrastructures are already developed in the vicinity.
8.2 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
The impact on social infrastructure like religious places (temple, mosque, church,
guruduwara); marriage homes, Bus stations, railway stations, play grounds, stadium is not
envisaged due to the proposed expansion of the unit.
8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL: SKILLED; SEMI-SKILLED AND UNSKILLED
At present total 7 people are working in the existing plant and in the full fledge process of the
plant after the proposed expansion, the project will provide direct employment to around 26
persons skilled and semi-skilled workforce. Recruitment of local people wherever suitable
will be done and at least 80% reservation for recruitment of local people has been planned
by proponent. In addition to this the indirect employment to semi-skilled and unskilled
workers due to the transportation, services deliveries and other activities like outsourcing,
maintenance work etc. is also anticipated. Thus, the recruitment will be slightly beneficial to
the local employment structure considering the existing employment opportunity in the
region.
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8.4 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS
The other tangible benefits includes metrics and improvements demonstrating process and
system cost savings, compliant inspections and customer audits, faster product approvals
and manufacturing throughput, less rejected material, reduced nonconformance issues, and
more efficient continuous improvement and project implementation. Intangible benefits
include improved staff morale, faster, more accurate transparent decision making, less
employee turnover, increased staff accountability, and an enhanced culture of quality
throughout the organization.
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SECTION IX
ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT
ANALYSIS
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SECTION-IX
INDEX
S. No. Particulars Page no.
9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFITS ANALYSIS
9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFITS ANALYSIS 187
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9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFITS ANALYSIS
Not recommended at the Scoping stage
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SECTION X
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
PLAN
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SECTION-X
INDEX
S. No. Particulars Page No.
10.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 188-198
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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is a site specific plan developed to ensure that
the project is implemented in an environmental sustainable manner where all contractors
and subcontractors, including consultants, understand the potential environmental risks
arising from the proposed project and take appropriate actions to properly manage that risk.
EMP also ensures that the project implementation is carried out in accordance with the
design by taking appropriate mitigative actions to reduce adverse environmental impacts
during its life cycle. The plan outlines existing and potential problems that may adversely
impact the environment and recommends corrective measures where required. Also, the
plan outlines roles and responsibility of the key personnel and contractors who are charged
with the responsibility to manage the proposed plant.
The EMP is:
Prepared in accordance with rules and requirements of the MoE&F and the State
Pollution Control Board;
To ensure that the component of facility are operated in accordance with the design;
A process that confirms proper operation through supervision and monitoring;
A system that addresses public complaints during construction and operation of the
facility; and
A plan that ensures remedial measures is implemented immediately.
10.1 Environment Management Department
The unit will ensure the following activity
a. Commitment & Policy
The proposed project management will strive to provide and implement the Environmental
Management Plan that incorporates all issues related to air, land and water.
b. Planning
This includes identification of environmental impacts, legal requirements and setting
environmental objectives. The various potential impacts are discussed under Section III of
the EIA Report.
c. Implementation: This comprises of resources available to the proponents, accountability
of contractors, training of operational staff associated with environmental control facilities
and documentation of measures to be taken.
d. Measurement & Evaluation: This includes monitoring, corrective actions, and record
keeping.
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section – X/ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
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10.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION PROGRAMME
“Nirav Chemical Industries” management is quite conscious of its responsibility for
maintaining clean and a healthy environment. The management is also keen to modify and
make more efficient measures towards suppression of pollution sources. Adequate funds for
pollution control measures are provided as a part of overall project financing to ensure the
availability of proper treatment facilities before the commissioning of the unit. The existing
project cost is about 111.67 lakh and the overall investment in the expansion project is
estimated to 290.43 Lakh. About Rs. 15.00 lakh is proposed for the environment protection
program.
S. No. Particulars Capital Cost
Rs. In lakh Recurring Cost, Rs. In lakh per
annum 1 Air Pollution Control 4.0 2.0
2 Water Pollution Control 6.0 20.0
3 Hazardous Waste Management & Noise Pollution Control
1.0 0.50
4 Environment Monitoring, Statutory Compliance & Chartered Services
0.5 0.50
5 Occupational Health 1.0 0.40
6 Green Belt 0.5 0.30
7 CSR activities 0 1.00
8. Rain Water Harvesting 2.0 0.50
Total 15.0 25.2
The proposed Environment Management plan for the unit is summarized in the below table
Table: 10.1
Environment Management Plan
Particulars Mitigation Measures
Air Environment
During Construction
Phase
Dust pollution can be minimized at the source by water
spraying and maintenance of road.
Construction material will be stored in temporary storage
yard.
There will be no basement; hence quantity of the soil
excavation will be comparatively less. However, soil will be
kept moist to reduce dust emission during excavation for
piling.
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The excavated materials will be place only on the
designated disposal areas.
The heights, from which materials will be dropped, will be
the minimum practical height to limit fugitive dust
generation.
The construction area will be shielded with the help of
tarpaulin from all the four sides to contain the air emissions
within the premises.
Dust or dusty material will not be swept without effectively
treating it with water or other substances in order to
minimize its dust emission.
Suitable covered skips and enclosed chats or other suitable
measures will be provided in order to minimize dust
emission to the atmosphere when materials & waste will be
removed from the premises.
Rapid cleanup of project related track out or material spills
on paved road.
Natural topography will be maintained to the greatest extent
possible.
Parking lot and paved road will be constructed first.
Upwind portion of the project will be constructed first.
During high wind condition, construction activities will be
restricted, so that minimum flow of dust particle takes place.
The first and most important step towards emission control
for the large in-use fleet of vehicles is the formulation of an
inspection and maintenance system. It is possible to reduce
30-40% pollution loads generated by vehicles through
proper periodical inspections and maintenance of vehicles
All transportation vehicles will be suitably covered with
tarpaulin & overloading of the vehicles will be avoided.
PUC certified vehicles will be used to avoid the exhaust
emission.
During Operation Phase To control the fugitive emissions generated during various
operations in the industry, plant authorities will adopt
following mitigation measures.
Dedicated pipe lines for transfer of hazardous chemicals
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from respective storage tanks to reactors in the production
blocks.
All storage tanks will be provided with vent condensers
having chilled water or brine circulation
All reactors will be provided by vapor condensers
Mechanical seals will be provided for all the reactors for
improving emission control measures.
To control the flue gas emissions generated during various
operations in the industry, plant authorities will adopt
following mitigation measures.
Agro Waste/ White Coal/ Imported Coal will be used as fuel
in the Thermic Fluid Heaters. Thus, unit has provided Multi
Cyclone Separator to existing TFH-1 and has proposed
individual cyclone separator followed by common Bag Filter
to TFH-2 & 3 as an air pollution control measures to control
the emission of particulate matter
In case of failure of any air pollution control equipments, the
process activities will be stopped.
Regular post project air monitoring schedule will be planned
and record will be maintained to track any problem in Air
Pollution Control Equipment
Water Environment
During Construction
Phase
Measures will be implemented to prevent seepage of liquid
materials into ground where it could contaminate
groundwater and soil.
Ensure prompt cleaning up of accidental spillages
Measures will be followed to prevent the contamination of
hydrological features by diesel, grease, oil, etc. derived
from the working area
The machinery / equipment will be maintained in a good
operating condition
Specially designated areas will be created for vehicle
maintenance;
Accidental spillages will be cleaned up promptly
Curing water will be sprayed and after liberal curing, all
concrete structures will be covered with gunny bags this will
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section – X/ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
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conserves water
Provisions will be made to ensure the construction vehicles
stick to the access track to prevent mud & dirt being
deposited on roads.
Fence will be constructed around the site to trap sediments
whilst allowing the water to flow through.
All mud & dirt deposited on the roads from the construction
activities will be cleaned.
Adopting good construction and engineering practices will
help in mitigating the water pollution
During Operation Phase There will be nil effluent generation from the Industrial
activity and hence the unit will maintain as "Zero Effluent
Discharge."
Domestic wastewater will be sent to septic tank and finally
disposed in to soak pit.
Rain water harvesting structure will be installed in the unit.
Solid Waste
During Construction
Phase
Careful design, planning and good site management would
minimize waste of materials such as concrete, mortars and
cement grouts. The contractor will make inventory of all
types of solid waste that are expected during the
construction activity before starting the work.
Complete excavated material from the earthworks will be
re-used on site as structural fill or for landscaping purposes
by balancing with cut & fill operations.
Construction waste generated will be disposed off
according to the nature of the waste.
The transportation of construction spoil will be allowed only
to designated dumpsites after obtaining permission of.
Proper litter disposal and collection points will be
established around the all construction work sites.
No solid waste will be kept in open spaces.
During Operation Phase Continuous rather than batch operations will be explored to
reduce spillage and other material losses
Used and discarded Drums/bags will be collected,
decontaminated and reuse within the plant as far as
possible.
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The hazardous waste will be collected in HDPE bags and
will be sent to any GPCB approved CHWIF/TSDF site.
Noise Pollution
During Construction
Phase
Complete construction work especially heavy work will be
done during day time.
Vehicular movement carrying raw materials will be avoided
during night time.
The vehicles will be regularly maintained and optimum use
of the same will be made.
Adequate PPE’s (ear plugs, ear muffs, helmet, mask etc)
will be provided to the workers.
PUC certified vehicles will be used.
During Operation Phase All possible measures will be taken to minimize the noise.
The insulation provided for prevention and loss of heat and
personnel safety shall also act as noise reducer.
Foundations and structures will be designed to minimize
vibrations and noise.
Regular equipment maintenance and better work habits will
be adopted.
Proper and timely oiling, lubrication and preventive
maintenance will be carried out for the machineries and
equipments to reduce noise generation.
Necessary safety and personal protective equipment such
as ear plugs, ear muffs, helmet etc will be strictly enforced
for the workers engaged in high noise areas. Noise levels generated will be maintained to comply with
the Factories Act & Rules and will not exceed 75 dB (A) at 1
m distance.
Implementation of green belt within the premises of plant
will absorb the noise. About 20.92% of the total plot area
will be under greenbelt. This will help to control the noise
pollution.
Proper lubrication and housekeeping will be usually done to
avoid excessive noise generation.
Supervisor will be responsible to control the noise by
maintaining conditions of machineries and silencers.
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Socio - Economy The following CSR activities have been proposed for the people
of the study area:
The proponent will organize medical camps in the study
region. In the survey it was reported by the interviewee that
anemia, viral fever, cold, cough etc are the common health
problems in the study region. The medical camps for these
diseases will be organized.
The unit will give their adequate and reasonable contribution
for the following CSR activities in the nearby villages,
1. Plantation all along the road side in nearby villages and development of garden/greenbelt on government barren land/common plots.
2. Education aids & scholarship to poor students for higher education.
3. Company will also participate & contribute in Local religious and social programs.
Company will also cooperate and participate in the various
activities conducted by the government for the socio-
economic development and welfare of the society such as;
1. Participate in the medical camp organized in the villages.
2. Participate and cooperate in animal husbandry camp.
3. Participate in the Forestry Programme of state government.
4. Participate and Cooperate in Education Camp of state government.
5. Award scholarship to students for higher education.
6. Participate and Cooperate in Education Camp of state government.
7. Award scholarship to students for higher education.
8. Participate in the national programme organized on 15th August and 26th January.
9. Participate in new school admission campaign.
10. Participate in Cleanliness Camp of state government.
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10.3 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT
The main objective of green belt is to provide a barrier between the plant and surrounding
areas to prevent air and noise pollution. To maintain the ecological balance project
authorities are planning to develop green belt around the plant. Green belt recommendations
around the company premises will be evolved as per CPCB norm for noise pollution control
and to prevent the gaseous pollutant into surrounding, balancing eco-environment, soil
erosion/protection, economic sustenance and aesthetics.
Based on the agro-climatic conditions of the region, location of proposed plant and physico-
bio-chemical properties of the soil strata in addition to the nature of pollutants. Local trees
species having simple big leaves will be planted. The plants are suitable for green belt
development will have characteristics like, fast growing, thick canopy cover, perennial and
evergreen large leaf area, naturally growing, efficient in absorbing pollutants without major
effects on natural growth.
The unit has already developed green belt in area of 297 sqm in the industrial premises.
Further Green Belt development / tree plantation in organized manner is proposed through
development of green belt up to 497 sqm area within the industrial premises., which comers
to around 20.12 % of the total plot area available.
The unit will develop green belt area in 497 sqm (20.12% of total area) within the industrial
premises. The unit will plant 50 numbers of various trees. The details of plant species are
given in Table-10.2. The green belt development program for the proposed plantation is
shown in Table – 10.2.
10.3.1 Species Suggested for Plantation
Species have been suggested by considering various biological and environmental role of
the various plant species like Dust Control, Noise Control, Absorptions of Gases, Drought
resistance, Fire Resistance etc. Some flowering herbs and subs have been suggested to
enhance aesthetic beauty of the project site area.
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Table: 10.2
Recommended Plant species for Plantation
Plant Spices Common Name Ecological and Environmental Performances of Plant Species
Trees Annona squamosa Amrud DC, DR, SR, FR Azardirachta indica Neem DC, NC, AG, DR, FR.
Cassia fistula Amaltas DC, DR, FR. Delbergia sissoo Shesham DC, DR, FR.
Delonix regia Gulmohar DC. Polyalthia longifolia Ashoka DC, NC, AG. Termanilia catappa Desi Badam DC, NC.
Source: Anon 2007, Saxena 1991, Anon 2006, Hocking,1993. DC- Dust Control, NC - Noise Control, AG – Absorptions of Gases, DR - Drought resistance, SR - Salinity resistance, FR - Fire Resistance
Shrubs Croton oblongifolius croton To enhance aesthetic beauty / DC*
Tabernaemontanadivaricata Chandni To enhance aesthetic beauty / DC* Withania somnifera Ashwagandh To enhance aesthetic beauty / DC*
Herbs Tageteseminuta Genda To enhance aesthetic beauty/ DC* Chrysanthamum Crown Daisy To enhance aesthetic beauty/ DC*
Rosa indica Rose To enhance aesthetic beauty/ DC*
*Source: phytoremediation of particulate matter from ambient environment through dust capturing plant species, CPCB 2007.
In addition to the green belt development plan within the own industrial premises, the
unit propose to develop green belt on outside peripheral of the industry premises and
also develop the green belt in common plots, barren land and along the road side in
the nearby villages and contributes towards the green belt development. This way
the unit will contribute indirectly to develop green belt on minimum 400 m2 on such
areas. Thus, total green belt development by the unit will come to 897 m2, which will
be around 36.32 % of the total area occupied by the unit.
10.3.2 Location of the Plant Species
Project boundary will have tall trees like Polyalthia longifolia, Cassia fistula while herbs and
will be planted in the base of these tree species. Second row will be planted with add mixture
of various species like Azardirachta indica, Delbergia sissoo while species like Delonix regia,
Annona squamosa and Termanilia catappa can be planted along the road side. Flowering
plants herbs and shrub will be planted between open spaces between the tree rows.
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10.3.3 Precautionary Measures
The plantations need to be managed by regular watering, soil enrichment work (applying
manure) weeding and provide proper protection.
Replacement of sapling (replanting) required whenever mortality occurs in the plantation
during the growth stage.
Plantation requires after care for a period of minimum four years till the saplings recruit
properly and attain its matured tree stage.
Any damage to the developed greenbelt due to natural catastrophe should be redeveloped
and maintained by the agency.
*********************
SECTION XI
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
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SECTION - XI
INDEX
S. No. Particulars Page no.
11.0 INTRODUCTION
11.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 203
11.2 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 204
11.3 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND
MITIGATION MEASURES
206
11.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 209
11.5 PROJECT BENEFITS 211
11.6 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING OPERATION
PHASE
211
11.7 CONCLUSIONS 214
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SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
11.0 INTRODUCTION Nirav Chemical Industries is an existing small scale unit manufacturing synthetic resin with
the capacity of 2000 TPM by formulation activity only. The unit is located at Plot No. 44/1,
Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Vil. Changodar, Ta. Sanand,
Dist. Ahmedabad in Gujarat. Now, the unit proposes to manufacture various types and
grades of Synthetic Resin with the total production capacity of 2300 TPM. The total land
area acquired by the ‘Nirav Chemical Industries’ is 2470 sq. m. The proposed expansion will
be carried out within the same premises. The existing green cover area is 297sq.m (12%)
and the same will be expanded up to 497sq.m (20.12%) after the proposed expansion. The
existing project cost is about 111.67 lakh and proposed project cost is estimated at Rs.
290.43 lakh. About Rs.15 lakh is proposed for the environment protection measures as
capital cost.
The details of environmental setting are given below. The map showing the project site and
10 km study area is shown in Figure-11.1
Table 11.1: Details of Environmental Setting
Sr. No.
Particulars Details
1 Location
A Village Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Village Changodar
B Taluka Sanand
C District Ahmedabad
D State Gujarat
E Latitude N 22°55'44.03"N E 22°55'43.49"N W 22°55'43.54"N S 22°55'42.95"N
F Longitude N 72°27'11.80"E E 72°27'13.06"E W 72°27'10.88"E S 72°27'11.87"E
G SOI Toposheet No. F43G5
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Sr. No.
Particulars Details
1 Total Plant Area 2470 sq. m
2 Land use at the project area
Industrial Use
3 Nearest habitation Changodar: @ 1.0 Km West
4 Nearest major town Ahmedabad: 22.0 Km NE
5 Nearest highway NH – 8A : @ 0.5 Km West
6 Nearest railway track from
Project site
Changodar : @ 1.0 Km West
7 Nearest airport International - Ahmedabad : 28 km, NE
8 Nearest tourist places Thol Lake Bird Sanctuary @ 20 km NE
9 Defence installations None within 10 km radius
10 Protected forest/ National Parks/ Wildlife Sanctuary
There is no protected area notified under the Wild
Life (Protection) Act (1972) & Eco - sensitive area
notified under Section 3 of the Environment
(Protection) Act – 1986 within 10 Km radius areas
from the Plant Site.
11 Seismic zone As per the earth quake sensitivity index the unit is
situated in Zone – III, having moderate Damage
Risk (MSK- VII).
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Fig. 11.1: Topographical Map showing the project site and 10 km study area
(The legible copy of Topographical Map showing the project site and 10 km study area is enclosed as Annexure- IV)
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-XI/ Summary and Conclusions
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11.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
The salient features of the proposed plant are given below:
Table 11.2: Salient Features of Proposed Plant
Sl. no. Particulars Details 1. Project Name Nirav Chemical Industries 2. Location Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate,
Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Vill. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad
3. Production & its Capacity The unit will manufacture various types and grades of Synthetic Resin with the total production capacity of 2300 MT/Month.
4. Land requirement 2470 sq. m 5. Source of power Madhya Gujarat Vij Company Ltd. (MGVCL) 6. Manpower 26 persons 7. Source of Water Ground Water
(Industrial estate’s common bore well) 8. Water Requirement Daily fresh water demand –
Existing - 11 KLD Total after Expansion - 19.5 KLD
9. Industrials Wastewater generation
Existing – 0.5 KLD Total after Expansion – 1.1 KLD
10. Domestic Wastewater generation Existing – 4.0 KLD Total after Expansion - 1.2 KLD
11 Solid waste generation
Waste Source
Type of waste
Category as per HWMR Rules
Quantity, per Annum*
Physical- Chemical
Form Method of Disposal
E P T
Process Process Waste
23.1 3
MT 2
MT 5
MT Solid organic
Collection, Storage Transportation and
disposal at safe TSDF site
Raw Material
Storage & Handling
Discarded Drums/ bags
33.3 200 kg
800 Kg
1 MT
Solid-Inorganic
Decontaminate and Reuse/ Sell
Plant and Machineries
Used / Spent Oil
5.1 0.5 KL
0.5 KL
1.0 KL
Liquid- Organic
Collection, storage and used as
lubricant within the premises / sell to MoEF approved
Recycler/ reprocessors
* E-Existing, P-Proposed Expansion, T-Total After Expansion
11. Project Cost Existing – Rs. 111.67 Expansion – Rs. 290.43 lakh
12. EMP costs Capital Cost: 15 Lakh Recurring Cost: 25.2 Lakh per Annum
13. Cost towards CSR activities Rs. 25.2 to be incurred every year
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11.2 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
11.2.1 Land use
The study area is prominently covered by agriculture land, which is about 57.01%. The
settlement is mostly confined to the ‘rural & urban settlement’ (built up-rural) 7.64 % and the
total industrial area 7.55 % has noticed in the 10 km study area. The scrub area constitutes
the category of land use covering as much as 5.45 % of the total area. Active river channels
of the study area and its tributaries flowing into it cover about 5.72 % of the total study area.
11.2.2 Environmental Monitoring
For monitoring of the environmental parameters like meteorology, air, water, soil and noise
quality, the monitoring stations have been established at different locations in and around
the project area. The base line data has been collected in the post monsoon season during
2012.
11.2.3 Meteorology
The recorded meteorological data for the study period at project site is presented below:
Table 11.3: Micro meteorological data for the study period at project site
Parameter Max Min
Temperature (0C) 29.9 19.2
Relative Humidity (%) 96 20
Wind Speed (m/sec) 10 0.56
Rainfall (in) 0.00
Predominant direction Blowing from NE to SW
11.2.4 Ambient Air Quality
Ambient air quality monitoring has been carried out with a frequency of two days per week at
six locations. The summary of these results for all the locations is presented below. These are
compared with the standards prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for rural
and residential zone.
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Table 11.4:
Summary of Ambient Air Quality for all the locations
Locations PM10g/m3 PM2.5 g/m3 SO2 g/m3 NOxg/m3 VOC as
Benzene g/m3 Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min
Project Site 84.6 67.1 32.5 19.2 27.8 22.1 21.2 14.3 BDL
Shivpur Village 72.9 54.3 26.6 16.8 20.4 15.2 21.9 13.2 BDL
Khanderi Village 91.2 73.2 42.5 26.5 31.5 25.6 21.9 16.6 BDL
Nyara Village 86.3 61.8 39.5 22.4 29.2 23.2 27.8 22.3 BDL
Taragadi Village 82.3 62.3 32.1 17.6 24.3 18.1 31.9 26.1 BDL
Naranka Village 64.2 48.9 23.3 14.5 18.9 15.2 19.8 13.2 BDL
NAAQS* 100 60 80 80 5.0
*NAAQS: National Ambient Air Quality Standard
All values were found to be well within the latest national standards.
11.2.5 Ground water quality
Six ground water samples have been considered in and around the proposed project site
within the periphery of 10 km taking in to account the various uses, these water resources
are put to. The analysis results indicate that the pH of the ground waters was to be in the
range of 7.56 – 7.80. The TDS were found to be in the range of 725 - 1022 mg/L for the
ground water. The monitoring reports show that Dissolved Solids, Total Hardness, Calcium,
Magnesium, Alkalinity and Chlorides in the ground water samples at all the location is
higher than Desirable Limit prescribed under IS: 10500, however all these parameters are
within the Permissible Limit prescribed under IS: 10500. All other parameters are well within
the Desirable Limit prescribed under IS: 10500.
11.2.6 Noise Quality
The noise monitoring has been conducted for determination of noise levels at seven locations
covering 10 km study area. The noise levels at each location were recorded for 24-hrs. The
results obtained were compared with the national standards and were found to be within limits.
11.2.7 Ecology
The project site is already surrounded by the urban environment and does not hold any
critical habitat/ecosystem as well as any threatened floral or faunal species. So project site
will not have any adverse impact on the environment.
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11.2.8 Socio-economic
A wide variation of population in the study area has been observed by the surveyors. The
Schedule Caste and Schedule Tribe population in the study area is not much. Illiteracy rate
in the study area is lower. 10 villages have illiterates less than 1000, 15 villages have an
illiteracy between 1000-2000, in 4 villages have between 2000-4000 individuals are illiterate.
In Ahmedabad urban area only 24.23% individuals are illiterates.
The basic amenities are available in study area with reference to education, medical, water
resources, post and telegraph, communication, power supply. All villages of the study area
have primary school and college. Good number of Medical facilities is available in study
area.
In the study area drinking water facility is good as well water, tube well water and hand pump
is available almost in all the villages. Post office facility and telephone connection is available
in all villages. In the study all the villages are well connected through a network of Pucca
road. Bus and railway station is the main mode of transportation in all villages of the study
area. The electricity is available in all the villages of study area.
11.3 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
The summary of anticipated adverse environmental impacts due to the proposed project and
mitigation measures are given below.
11.3.1 Air Environment
The main point sources of air pollution in the unit will be flue gasses from Thermic Fluid
Heaters (1 nos. Existing & 2 nos. Proposed), Steam Boiler and D.G. set (2 nos.). The Agro
Waste/White Coal/Imported Coal will be used as fuel into Thermic Fluid Heaters & steam
boiler and diesel in D. G. set.
The unit has installed Multi Cyclone Separator to TFH-1 and after proposed expansion the
unit will install individual Multi cyclone separator followed by common Bag Filter to TFH-2 &
3 and Multi cyclone separator to steam boiler as an air pollution control measures to control
the emission of particulate matter in the flue gas emission through TFH & steam boiler and it
will be well within gaseous emission norms described by the GPCB. Fugitive emissions will
be generated from transportation and material handling. The unit will take appropriate
precaution for the control of fugitive emission. The impact on air quality is assessed based on emissions of the proposed stacks in the
plant. PM, SO2 and NOx will be the important pollutants emitting from the stacks. Prediction of
impacts on air environment has been carried out employing mathematical model based on a
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steady state Gaussian plume dispersion model designed for multiple point sources for short
term. In the present case, Industrial Source Complex [ISC3] dispersion model based on
steady state Gaussian plume dispersion, designed for multiple point sources for short term and
developed by United States Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA] has been used for
simulations from point sources.
Model Output Data
In the present case, model simulations have been carried out for the study period. The Ground
level concentrations are computed for 24-hrs average. Maximum Ground level
concentrations of PM10, SO2, and NOx for study period were 1.443 g/m3, 3.761g/m3, and
0.661g/m3 respectively and were falling at 500m from the point source. The incremental
ground level concentrations for various pollutants are given in Table 11.5.
Table 11.5:
Predicted 24-Hourly Short Term Incremental Concentrations
Pollutant Maximum Incremental Concentration (g/m3)
Distance (m)
Towards Direction
PM10 1.443 500 SW
SO2 3.761 500 SW
NOx 0.661 500 SW
11.3.2 Water Environment
A. Waste water from industrial process
There will not be any effluent generation from the manufacturing activity and about 1.1 waste
water will be generated from Cooling tower and Steam boiler, which will be reused on land
for gardening/plantation purpose within premises. Hence the unit will maintain as "Zero
Effluent Discharge."
B. Domestic waste water from the different sections of building
Waste water will be generated from the domestic activities of working staff will be about 5.2
KLD after proposed expansion, which will be treated in the septic tank followed by soak pit.
11.3.3 Noise Environment
D.G. set is proposed to be housed in an inbuilt acoustic enclosure. The acoustic
enclosure will be designed for minimum 25dB (A) insertion loss for meeting the ambient
noise standards, whichever is on the higher side.
Necessary safety and personal protective equipment such as ear plugs, ear muffs,
helmet etc will be provided to the workers.
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Noise levels generated will be maintained to comply with the Factories Act & Rules and
will not exceed 75 dB (A) at 1 m distance.
11.3.4 Socio-Economic Environment
The requirement of unskilled and semi-skilled manpower will be met from nearby villages
during construction and operational phase. The project will also help in generation of the
indirect employment apart from direct employment. This will be a positive socio-economic
development for the region. There will be a general upliftment of standard of living in the
region.
11.3.5 Solid Waste
The anticipated quantities of some major solid hazardous waste is given below in table
Table: 11.6:
The Anticipated Quantities of Hazardous Waste
Waste Source
Type of waste
Category as per HWMR Rules
Quantity, per Annum*
Physical-Chemical
Form
Method of Disposal
E P T
Process Process Waste
23.1 3
MT 2
MT 5
MT Solid
organic
Collection, Storage
Transportation and disposal at safe TSDF site
Raw Material
Storage & Handling
Discarded Drums/bags
33.3 200 kg
800 Kg
1 MT
Solid-Inorganic
Decontaminate and Reuse/ Sell
Plant and Machineries
Used / Spent Oil
5.1 0.5 KL
0.5 KL
1.0 KL
Liquid- Organic
Collection, storage and used as
lubricant within the premises / sell to MoEF approved
Recycler/ reprocessors
* E-Existing, P-Proposed Expansion, T-Total After Expansion
Management
Continuous rather than batch operations will be in practice to reduce spillage and
other material losses.
The Organic mass distilled out will be recovered and reused
Used and discarded Drums/bags will be collected, decontaminated and reuse within
the plant as far as possible.
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The hazardous waste generated from the process will be collected in HDPE bags
and will be sent to CHWIF/TSDF.
11.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME Environmental Monitoring Cell
A centralized environmental monitoring cell will be established for monitoring of important
and crucial environmental parameters which are of immense importance to assess the
status of environment during operation of plant.
The following routine monitoring programme as detailed under shall be implemented at site.
Besides to this monitoring, the compliances to all environmental clearance conditions and
regular permits from SPCB/MoEF shall be monitored and reported periodically.
Table: 11.7:
Environmental Monitoring Programme
S. No.
Potential Impact
Action to be Followed
Parameters for Monitoring
Frequency of Monitoring
Location
1 AAQ & Gaseous Emissions
Ambient air quality within the premises
PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, Total VOC and Benzene
As per CPCB/ SPCB requirement or on quarterly basis whichever is earlier
At least one location inside premises
Flue Gas emission PM, SO2, NOx As per CPCB/ SPCB requirement or on quarterly basis whichever is earlier
Thermic Fluid Heater 1, 2 &
3, Steam Boiler and
D.G. Set 1 & 2
Workspace Monitoring
Total VOC and Benzene
As per CPCB/ SPCB requirement or on quarterly basis whichever is earlier
Process Area, Storage Area
Exhaust from vehicles to be minimized by use of fuel efficient vehicles and well maintained vehicles having PUC certificate.
Vehicle logs to be maintained
- -
Vehicle trips to be minimized to the extent possible
Vehicle logs Daily records Main gate
2 Noise Noise Level Monitoring
Spot Noise Level recording; Leq(night), Leq(day), Leq(dn)
Periodic during operation phase
Various plant operations and worker area in the plant
Generation of Maintain records Periodic during -
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S. No.
Potential Impact
Action to be Followed
Parameters for Monitoring
Frequency of Monitoring
Location
vehicular noise of vehicles operation phase 3 Wastewater
Discharge No discharge to be made to surface water, groundwater or soil.
Complete evaporation of the treated wastewater
Periodic during operation phase
-
Take care in handling &disposal of wastewater generated such that soil and groundwater resources are protected
No seepage/ leakage during the process
Periodic during operation phase
-
Compliance of sewage disposal in to soak pit through septic tank
No seepage/ leakage/ overflow during the handling
Periodic during operation phase
-
4 Drainage and effluent Management
Ensure drainage system and specific design measures are working effectively. Design to incorporate existing drainage pattern and avoid disturbing the same.
Visual inspection of drainage and records thereof
Periodic during operation phase
-
5 Water Quality and Water Levels
Monitoring used water quality & groundwater quality and levels
Comprehensive monitoring as per IS 10500 Ground water level BGL
Periodic during operation phase
Water supplied by Estate through their bore well near project site
6 Energy Usage Energy usage for air-conditioning and other activities to be minimized Conduct annual energy audit for the buildings
Energy audit report
Annual audits and periodic checks during operational phase
-
8 Emergency preparedness, such as fire fighting
Fire protection and safety measures to take care of fire and explosion hazards, to be assessed and steps taken for their prevention.
Mock drill records, on site emergency plan, evacuation plan
Periodic during operation phase
9 Maintenance of flora and fauna
Vegetation, greenbelt / green cover development
No. of plants, species
Periodic during operation phase
-
10 Waste Management
Implement waste management plan that identifies and characterizes every waste arising associated with proposed activities and which identifies
Records of solid waste generation, treatment and disposal
Periodic during operation phase
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S. No.
Potential Impact
Action to be Followed
Parameters for Monitoring
Frequency of Monitoring
Location
the procedures for collection, handling & disposal of each waste arising.
11 Soil quality Maintenance of good soil quality
Physico-chemical parameters and metals.
Periodical monitoring
Plantation areas
12 Health Employees and migrant labour health check ups
All relevant parameters including HIV
Regular check ups
-
11.5 PROJECT BENEFITS
The unit is located in Ahmedabad district of Gujarat, which is only 22.0 km far from the
Ahmedabad City. Ahmdabad is the largest industrial center in the western India and has
been important base of commerce, trade and industry. Ahmedabad hosts several large
scale, medium scale and small scale manufacturing industries, some major industrial
segment includes dyes and dye intermediates, Bulk drug & pharmaceuticals, textiles etc.
Ahmedabad is one of the 30 Megacities of the world and is expected to grow at a healthy
6.3% in period 2010-16 and Ahmedabad’s GDP is predicted to grow at 10.1% per annum in
this period. Following the rapid growth in commerce, trade and industry, Ahmedabad is now
also witnessing a major construction boom and increase in population due to the migration
from not only over the Gujarat but from all over the India. Synthetic Resin, finished product of
the Nirav Chemical Industries, being a wide and different uses in industry, commerce and
domestic application has huge potential in Ahmedabad and local market.
11.6 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING OPERATION PHASE
Environmental Management Plan (EMP) aims at the preservation of ecological system by
considering in-built pollution abatement facilities at the proposed site. Some of the major
criteria governing the environmental measures will be adopted, and the same is described in
ensuring paragraphs.
11.6.1 Air Pollution Management
To control the fugitive emissions generated during various operations in the
industry, plant authorities will adopt following mitigation measures.
• The entire manufacturing activities will be carried out in the closed system.
• Mechanical seals will be provided for all the reactors for improving emission control
measures.
• All reactors will be provided by vapor condensers.
• All solvent storage tanks will be provided with vent condensers having chilled water
or brine circulation.
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• Dedicated pipe lines for transfer of solvents from respective solvent storage tanks to
reactors in the production blocks.
• All the electrical motors of pumps for the handling of hazardous chemicals will be
flame proof and all pumps provided with suitable mechanical seal with stand by
arrangement.
To control the flue gas emissions generated during various operations in the
industry, plant authorities will adopt following mitigation measures.
• Agro Waste/ White Coal/ Imported Coal will be used as fuel in the Thermic Fluid
Heaters. The have provided Multi Cyclone Separator to TFH-1 and will provide
individual cyclone separator followed by common Bag Filter to TFH-2 & 3 and Multi
Cyclone Separator to steam boiler as an air pollution control measures to control the
emission of particulate matter
• In case of failure of any air pollution control equipments, the process activities will be
stopped.
• Regular post project air monitoring schedule will be planned and record will be
maintained to track any problem in Air Pollution Control Equipment.
11.6.2 Water Pollution Management
Measures will be implemented to prevent seepage of liquid materials into ground where it
could contaminate groundwater and soil.
Ensure prompt cleaning up of accidental spillages
Measures will be followed to prevent the contamination of hydrological features by diesel,
grease, oil, etc. derived from the working area
The machinery / equipment will be maintained in a good operating condition
Specially designated areas will be created for vehicle maintenance;
Accidental spillages will be cleaned up promptly
Curing water will be sprayed and after liberal curing, all concrete structures will be
covered with gunny bags this will conserves water
Provisions will be made to ensure the construction vehicles stick to the access track to
prevent mud & dirt being deposited on roads.
Fence will be constructed around the site to trap sediments whilst allowing the water to
flow through.
All mud & dirt deposited on the roads from the construction activities will be cleaned.
Adopting good construction and engineering practices will help in mitigating the water
pollution
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There will not be any effluent generation from the manufacturing activity and about 1.1
waste water will be generated, which will be reused on land for gardening/plantation
purpose within premises. Hence the unit will maintain as "Zero Effluent Discharge."
Domestic wastewater will be sent to septic tank and finally disposed in to soak pit.
Rain water harvesting structure will be installed in the unit.
11.6.3 Noise Pollution Management
All possible measures will be taken to minimize the noise.
The insulation provided for prevention and loss of heat and personnel safety shall also
act as noise reducer.
Foundations and structures will be designed to minimize vibrations and noise.
Regular equipment maintenance and better work habits will be adopted.
Proper and timely oiling, lubrication and preventive maintenance will be carried out for
the machineries and equipments to reduce noise generation.
Necessary safety and personal protective equipment such as ear plugs, ear muffs,
helmet etc will be strictly enforced for the workers engaged in high noise areas. Noise levels generated will be maintained to comply with the Factories Act & Rules and
will not exceed 75 dB (A) at 1 m distance.
Implementation of green belt within the premises of plant will absorb the noise. About
20.92% of the total plot area will be under greenbelt. This will help to control the noise
pollution.
Proper lubrication and housekeeping will be usually done to avoid excessive noise
generation.
Supervisor will be responsible to control the noise by maintaining conditions of
machineries and silencers.
11.6.4 Solid Waste Management
The Organic mass distilled out will be recovered and reused
Used and discarded Drums/bags will be collected, decontaminated and reuse within the
plant as far as possible.
The hazardous waste generated from the process will be collected in HDPE bags and
will be sent to CHWIF/TSDF.
11.6.5 Socioeconomic The study area has been analyzed and surveyed. The results reveal that the literacy is fair in
study area. The Schedule Caste and Schedule Tribe population in the study area is not
much. As the people of the study area lacks better employment opportunities and there are
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many agriculturists or cultivators. A CSR activity has been designed which will help in
generating income to the people of the study area.
The following CSR activities have been proposed for the people of the study area:
The proponent will organize medical camps in the study region. In the survey it was
reported by the interviewee that anemia, viral fever, cold, cough etc are the common
health problems in the study region. The medical camps for these diseases will be
organized.
The unit will give their adequate and reasonable contribution for the following CSR
activities in the nearby villages,
1. Plantation all along the road side in nearby villages and development of garden/greenbelt on government barren land/common plots.
2. Education aids & scholarship to poor students for higher education.
3. Company will also participate & contribute in Local religious and social programs.
Company will also cooperate and participate in the various activities conducted by the
government for the socio-economic development and welfare of the society such as;
1. Participate in the medical camp organized in the villages.
2. Participate and cooperate in animal husbandry camp.
3. Participate in the Forestry Programme of state government.
4. Participate and Cooperate in Education Camp of state government.
5. Award scholarship to students for higher education.
6. Participate and Cooperate in Education Camp of state government.
7. Award scholarship to students for higher education.
8. Participate in the national programme organized on 15th August and 26th January.
9. Participate in new school admission campaign.
10. Participate in Cleanliness Camp of state government.
11.7 CONCLUSIONS
It is predicted that socio-economic impact due to this project will positively increase the
chance of more employment opportunities for local inhabitants. There are no Resettlement
and Rehabilitation issues involved in this project. The project infrastructures will be of use to
people of the area. The revenue of the State Govt. will be definitely increasing due to the
enhanced production. The entire project area is devoid of any endangered flora and fauna.
Thus the proposed project is not likely to affect the environment or adjacent ecosystem
adversely.
*****************
SECTION XII
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT
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SECTION –XII
INDEX
S. No. Particulars Page no.
12.0 Disclosure Of Consultants Engaged 216
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Document No. EESPL/NCI/001/355-EC/Ind./2013
Enkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 216
Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-XII/Disclosure of Consultants Engaged
Document No. EESPL/NCI/001/355-EC/Ind./2013
Enkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 217
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