nutrition and weight management 2006

Nutrition and Weight Nutrition and Weight ManagementManagement

Health 11Health 11

Principles of Healthful LivingPrinciples of Healthful Living

Patty Melody, M.A.Patty Melody, M.A.

NutritionNutrition

The science that investigates the The science that investigates the relationships between the foods we relationships between the foods we eat and how the body uses food for eat and how the body uses food for our function and repair. Our body our function and repair. Our body needs to maintain its physiology needs to maintain its physiology (function) and anatomy (body parts). (function) and anatomy (body parts). The constituents of food are The constituents of food are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, water, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, water, vitamins and minerals.vitamins and minerals.

AgendaAgenda

Six Essential Nutrients Needed Six Essential Nutrients Needed to Sustain Lifeto Sustain Life

CarbohydratesCarbohydratesProteinsProteinsFatsFatsWaterWaterVitaminsVitaminsMineralsMinerals

Simple SugarsSimple Sugars

Complex CarbohydratesComplex Carbohydrates

ProteinsProteins

CompleteComplete IncompleteIncomplete

FatsFats

Saturated FatsSaturated Fats Unsaturated FatsUnsaturated Fats

Reading Food LabelsReading Food Labels

Make a Plan and Take ActionMake a Plan and Take Action

Make a listMake a list Go shoppingGo shopping Pack a lunch the night Pack a lunch the night

beforebefore Try a variety of foodsTry a variety of foods Socialize with healthy Socialize with healthy

foodsfoods Maintain a food diary Maintain a food diary

to track your progressto track your progress Make healthy food as Make healthy food as

convenient as Fast convenient as Fast FoodFood

Eating healthy can be Eating healthy can be fun!fun!

Obesity in the U.S.Obesity in the U.S.

Weight ManagementWeight Management

ObesityObesity Anorexia/BulimiaAnorexia/Bulimia

CitationsCitationsCitationsCitations

Source: BRFSS, CDC.Source: BRFSS, CDC. Source: Mokdad A H, et al. JAMA 1999;282:16.Source: Mokdad A H, et al. JAMA 1999;282:16. Source: Mokdad A H, et al. JAMA 2001;286:10.Source: Mokdad A H, et al. JAMA 2001;286:10. Source: Mokdad A H, et al. JAMA 2003;289:1.Source: Mokdad A H, et al. JAMA 2003;289:1.

Source: BRFSS, CDC.Source: BRFSS, CDC. Source: Mokdad A H, et al. JAMA 1999;282:16.Source: Mokdad A H, et al. JAMA 1999;282:16. Source: Mokdad A H, et al. JAMA 2001;286:10.Source: Mokdad A H, et al. JAMA 2001;286:10. Source: Mokdad A H, et al. JAMA 2003;289:1.Source: Mokdad A H, et al. JAMA 2003;289:1.

Obesity Trends Among U.S. Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults between 1985 and 2003Adults between 1985 and 2003

Obesity Trends Among U.S. Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults between 1985 and 2003Adults between 1985 and 2003

Definitions:Definitions: Obesity: having a very high amount of Obesity: having a very high amount of

body fat in relation to lean body mass, or body fat in relation to lean body mass, or Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher.Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher.

Body Mass Index (BMI): a measure of an Body Mass Index (BMI): a measure of an adult’s weight in relation to his or her adult’s weight in relation to his or her height, specifically the adult’s weight in height, specifically the adult’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of his or kilograms divided by the square of his or her height in meters.her height in meters.

Definitions:Definitions: Obesity: having a very high amount of Obesity: having a very high amount of

body fat in relation to lean body mass, or body fat in relation to lean body mass, or Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher.Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher.

Body Mass Index (BMI): a measure of an Body Mass Index (BMI): a measure of an adult’s weight in relation to his or her adult’s weight in relation to his or her height, specifically the adult’s weight in height, specifically the adult’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of his or kilograms divided by the square of his or her height in meters.her height in meters.

Obesity Obesity TrendsTrends Among U.S. Among U.S. Adults between 1985 and 2003Adults between 1985 and 2003

Obesity Obesity TrendsTrends Among U.S. Among U.S. Adults between 1985 and 2003Adults between 1985 and 2003

Source of the data:Source of the data: The data shown in these maps were collected The data shown in these maps were collected

through CDC’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance through CDC’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Each year, state health System (BRFSS). Each year, state health departments use standard procedures to collect departments use standard procedures to collect data through a series of monthly telephone data through a series of monthly telephone interviews with U.S. adults.interviews with U.S. adults.

Prevalence estimates generated for the maps Prevalence estimates generated for the maps may vary slightly from those generated for the may vary slightly from those generated for the states by BRFSS (http://aps.nccd.cdc.gov/brfss) as states by BRFSS (http://aps.nccd.cdc.gov/brfss) as slightly different analytic methods are used.slightly different analytic methods are used.

Source of the data:Source of the data: The data shown in these maps were collected The data shown in these maps were collected

through CDC’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance through CDC’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Each year, state health System (BRFSS). Each year, state health departments use standard procedures to collect departments use standard procedures to collect data through a series of monthly telephone data through a series of monthly telephone interviews with U.S. adults.interviews with U.S. adults.

Prevalence estimates generated for the maps Prevalence estimates generated for the maps may vary slightly from those generated for the may vary slightly from those generated for the states by BRFSS (http://aps.nccd.cdc.gov/brfss) as states by BRFSS (http://aps.nccd.cdc.gov/brfss) as slightly different analytic methods are used.slightly different analytic methods are used.

During the past 20 years there has been a During the past 20 years there has been a dramatic increase in obesity in the United States. dramatic increase in obesity in the United States. In 1985 only a few states were participating in In 1985 only a few states were participating in CDC's BRFSS and providing obesity data. In CDC's BRFSS and providing obesity data. In 1991, four states had obesity prevalence rates of 1991, four states had obesity prevalence rates of 15-19 percent and no states had rates at or 15-19 percent and no states had rates at or above 20 percent. above 20 percent.

In 2003, 15 states had prevalence rates of 15-19 In 2003, 15 states had prevalence rates of 15-19 percent; 31 states had rates of 20-24 percent; percent; 31 states had rates of 20-24 percent; and 4 states had rates more than 25 percent. and 4 states had rates more than 25 percent.

During the past 20 years there has been a During the past 20 years there has been a dramatic increase in obesity in the United States. dramatic increase in obesity in the United States. In 1985 only a few states were participating in In 1985 only a few states were participating in CDC's BRFSS and providing obesity data. In CDC's BRFSS and providing obesity data. In 1991, four states had obesity prevalence rates of 1991, four states had obesity prevalence rates of 15-19 percent and no states had rates at or 15-19 percent and no states had rates at or above 20 percent. above 20 percent.

In 2003, 15 states had prevalence rates of 15-19 In 2003, 15 states had prevalence rates of 15-19 percent; 31 states had rates of 20-24 percent; percent; 31 states had rates of 20-24 percent; and 4 states had rates more than 25 percent. and 4 states had rates more than 25 percent.

19961991

2003

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1991, 1996, 2003

(*BMI 30, or about 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person)

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% ≥25%

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1985BRFSS, 1985

No Data <10% 10%–14%

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1986BRFSS, 1986

No Data <10% 10%–14%

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1987BRFSS, 1987

No Data <10% 10%–14%

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1988BRFSS, 1988

No Data <10% 10%–14%

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1989BRFSS, 1989

No Data <10% 10%–14%

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1990BRFSS, 1990

No Data <10% 10%–14%

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1991BRFSS, 1991

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19%

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1992BRFSS, 1992

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19%

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1993BRFSS, 1993

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19%

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1994BRFSS, 1994

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19%

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1995BRFSS, 1995

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19%

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1996BRFSS, 1996

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19%

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1997BRFSS, 1997

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% ≥20

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1998BRFSS, 1998

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% ≥20

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1999BRFSS, 1999

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% ≥20

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2000BRFSS, 2000

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% ≥20

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsObesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2001BRFSS, 2001

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% ≥25%

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

(*BMI 30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person)

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% ≥25%

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2002

Obesity* Trends Among U.S. AdultsObesity* Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2003BRFSS, 2003

(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)

No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% ≥25%

Increase in Aging Population Increase in Aging Population by 2020by 2020