operatii si aparate in industria alimentara
Post on 03-Jun-2018
266 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
1/26
UNIVERSITATEA BACAUFACULTATEA DE INGINERIESECTIA:''INGINERIA PRODUSELOR ALIMENTARE''
PROIECT LAOPERAII I APARATE NINDUSTRIA ALIMENTAR
STUDENT :
Bacu~2007~
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
2/26
UNIVERSITATEA BACAUFACULTATEA DE INGINERIESECTIA:''INGINERIA PRODUSELOR ALIMENTARE''
TEMA
S SE DIMENSIONEZE OCOLOAN DE RECTIFICARE CU
FUNCIONARE CONTINUAPENTRU SEPARAREA UNUI
AMESTEC BINAR DE ETANOL-AP
COORDONATORI:Prof.Dr.Ing. Lucian GAVRIL STUDENT:Asist.Ing. Andri SI!ION !anu"a G#ERG#EL
Gru$a: %&'% A
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
3/26
I. Cuprins
I. Cuprins.....................................................................................II. Introducere .......................................................................
III. Considra(ii tortic ..................................................................III.% Disti"ara si rctificara ...................................................................III.) Disti"ara si*$"+ sau difrn(ia"+ .......................................................III., Agn(i tr*ici uti"i-a(i "a disti"ar ...............................................
III.,.% A$a III.,.) A$a in industria a"coo"u"ui
III.,., Auru" III.,.' A"coo"u" ti"ic
IV. A"gra insta"atii d rctificar IV.% Sc/*a t/no"ogica
IV.) Sc/*a insta"atii d rctificar cu functionar continuaCa$.'. Princa"-itoru" '.% 0i"ant d *atria" '.) 0i"ant tr*ic '., Ta" d i"ant $ntru $rinca"-itor '.' Di*nsionara $rinca"-itoru"uiCa$.1. Di*nsionara insta"atii d rctificar 1.% 0i"ant d *atria" 1.) 0i"ant tr*ic
1., Ca"cu"u" 2it-i 2a$ori"or si a dia*tru"ui co"oani 1.,.% Ca"cu"u" 2it-i 2a$ori"or in co"oana d rctificar 1.' Ca"cu"u" /idrau"ic a" ta"r"or 1.1 Dtr*inara nu*aru"ui d ta"r tortic si a ina"ti*ii co"oani 1.3 Ca"cu"u" tr*ic a" insta"atii 1.4 Di*nsionara firatoru"ui din "a-a0i"iografiCa$.3.Pro"* $ri2ind o$ratii" d disti"ar5rctificar
II. Introducere
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
4/26
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
5/26
III.1 Distilarea si rectificarea
Prin disti"ar s 6n("g7 6n sns "arg7 tota"itata *oda"it+(i"or d s$arar aco*$onnt"or unui a*stc "ic/id o*ogn a-at $ difrn(a dintr t*$raturi" dfirr a" constituin(i"or7 t*$raturi c+rora " cors$und 8i $rsiuni d 2a$ori difrit. Lat*$ratura d firr a a*stcu"ui7 co*$onnt" *ai 2o"ati" 2or a2a $rsiuni d 2a$ori*ai *ari 8i7 dci s 2or g+si 6n fa-a d 2a$ori 6n concntra(ii *ai *ari dc.
III.2 Distilarea simpl sau diferenial
Disti"ara si*$"+ sau difrn(ia"+ st o o$ra(i discontinu+ car s ?cut+ fir
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
6/26
( )
a
x
x if
i
L
D
e
e
xxyx
dx
L
L
e
e
i
=
+
=
"n%
und:Li9 cantitata ini(ia"+ d a*stc 6n "a-7 *o"Lf9 cantitata fina"+ d a*stc r+*asa 6n "a-7 *o" 9 grad *o"ar d disti"arLa9 ditu" d a*stc7 cu co*$o-i(ia ?i7 *o"5s
( )
=
=
f
i
f
i
x
xii
x
xf
i
xy
dx
L
xy
dx
L
L
"n
Ca-uri "i*ita: La&7 dci %5&La%7 dci &.
Prin r-o"2ara grafic+ a u"ti*i cua(ii s $oat o(in durata o$r+rii $ntru acstca-7 dac+ s cunoast ?i si ?f=concntra(ia ini(ia"+ 8i fina"+ a "ic/idu"ui din "a->.
f
ff
ffia
fa
xy
xxxLxxL
LL
=
+
+=
&
&
Ditu" d disti"at7 *o"5s7 $ntru La% *o".
III.3 Ageni termici utilizai la distilare
III.$.%. A&!
Pro&ret" #(ce
- cu"oara7 datorit+ sustan("or di-o"2at sau af"at 6n star co"oida"a =o?i-ifrici7 co*$u8i ai *anganu"ui7 c"orofi"a din frun-7 aci-i ru*ici7 tc.>
- turitata7 datorit+ sus$nsii"or *inra" sau organic din a$+- t*$ratura7 d$ndnt+ d sursa d a$+ r-idua"+ 8i d anoti*$- conducti2itata "ctric+7 d$ndnt+ d natura 8i d concntra(ia ioni"or- radioacti2itata7 $ro$ritata a$i d a *it radia(ii $r*annt: 7F sau .
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
7/26
Pro&ret" c)*ce
- rac(i $#7 c $oat fi acid+ sau a-ic+- duritat7 datorit+ s+ruri"or d ca"ciu 8i *agn-iu af"at 6n so"u(i7 car $ot fi
carona(i7 c"oruri7 su"fa(i7 nitra(i7 fosfa(i sau si"ica(i.Duritata $oat fi:%. temporar7 dtr*inat+ d carona(i7 car dis$ar $rin firr).permanent7 dtr*inat+ d c""a"t s+ruri d ca"ciu 8i *agn-iu7 car dis$ar $rin
firr,. total7 car st su*a durit+(i"or t*$orar 8i $rnannt.9 con(inutu" d sustan( organic7 a$rciat $rin cantitata d $r*anganat d
$otasiu ncsara o?id+rii tota"- con(inutu" d o?ign di-o"2at- con(inutu" d fir su for*+ d co*$u8i7 *ai frc2nt 6n a$" sutran- con(inutu" d *angan7 ca "*nt 6nso(itor a" firu"ui7 6n a$" sutran
- con(inutu" d ca"ciu su for*+ d icarona(i sau c"oruri7 dtr*in
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
8/26
C!r!cterstc ter*o#(ce
A$a 8i 2a$orii d a$+ =auru"> sunt uti"i-a(i 6n industria a"i*ntar+ ca agn(itr*ici d 6nc8"-ir7 r+cir7 2a$ori-ar7 condnsar. At
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
9/26
Rac(ia d /idro"i-+ s $roduc su ac(iuna uni n-i*7 a*i"a-a sau diasta-a7 car sg+s8t 6n ou" d or- 6nco"(it.
Produsu" fr*nta(ii7 un "ic/id cu %)9%B a"coo" s su$un disti"+rii. S o(ina"coo"u" rut7 a c+ri concntra(i d$ind d ficacitata a$arat"or 6ntruin(at: a$arat cudf"g*atoar7 dau d "a $ri*a disti"ar7 un a"coo" d @'9@1 car $oat sr2i ca atar $ntru
un" sco$uri. Pntru a"t" trui rdisti"at7 6n so$u" d a 6nd$arta toat $rodus"scundar.;n afar+ d *toda io"ogica7 tano"u" $oat fi o(inut 8i $rin *tod c/i*ic: una
dintr " $orn8t d "a tn+7 iar a"ta const+ 6n /idrognara cata"itic+ a actoa"d/idi7 "ar
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
10/26
Schema instalatiei de rectificare cu functionare continua
1 pompa; 8 racitor;
2 rezervor alimentare; 9 vas de control;3 coloana rectificare; 10 rezervor distilat;4 recuperator caldura; 11 rezervor reziduu; preincalzitor; C zona de concentrare;! "laz; # zona de epuizare.$ condensator suprafata;
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
11/26
S+ s di*nsion- o co"oana d rctificar cu func(ionar continu+ cu ta"r $ntrus$arara a 1& "5*in a*stc inar a"coo" ti"ic 9 a$+. Con(inutu" ini(ia" d a"coo" 6n "a-+ std %% *asa7 iar 6n disti"at 2a a2a o concntra(i d B1 *asa.
D*enson!re! co-o!ne
Bilanul de mas
S dau:VD 1& "5*in &7&&&B, *,5sD 441 Jg5*,
*D &731 Jg5s?K %% *asic ?K &7&'3% J*o"i '73% *o"ar?D B1 *asic ?D &73B@) J*o"i 3B7@) *o"ar
S considr+: ?M , *asic ?M &7&%%@ J*o"i %7%@ *o"ar
*K *D *M*K ?K *D ?D *M ?M
*K( )
&,7&%%7&
&,7&B17&317&>=
=
WF
WDD
xx
xxm 3731 Jg5s
*M( )
&,7&%%7&
%%7&B17&317&>=
=
wF
FDD
xx
xxm 3 Jg5s
;n car:9 *K7 *D7 *M dit d *as+ sau *o"ar $ntru *atria $ri*+7 disti"at 8i r-iduu7
Jg5s
9 ?K7 ?D7 ?M con(inutu" d co*$onnt 2o"ati" 6n *atri $ri*+7 disti"at 8i r-iduufractii *o"ar sau d *asa
Bilault termic
A /AQQ K #K D #D M #M R A /AQR V "D =D L> "D
A =D L> A
D
l
l
a =D L> >= iem
D
ttC
l
L a L*in
L*in&'3%7&,%137&
,%137&3B@)7&
=
FF
FD
xy
yx %7' J*o"i5J*o"
S considr+ cifra d rf"u? a ,L '7) J*o"i5J*o"nL &%1)7' = DnL &7&31 J*o"i5s
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
12/26
*L nL !D &7&31 ') )74, Jg5s
nD')
317&=
D
D
M
m &7&%1 J*o"i5s
!D ?D !tano" =% ?D> !a$a &7B1 '3 &7%1 %B ')
V D L &731 )74, ,7,B Jg5sR V "D =D L> "D ,7,B %&4) ,3),7,3 J5s
A =D L> A
D
l
l ,7,B
)),'
%&4) %73) Jg5s
a =D L> >= iem
D
ttC
l
,7,B
)&'%B&
%&4)
&7&', Jg5s
;n car:9 R c+"dura 2acuat+ d a$a d r+cir7 J5s9 #K7 #D7 #M nta"$ii *o"ar7 J5Jg
9 /AQQ
7 /AQ
nta"$ia auru"ui condnsat7 J5Jg9 a cantitata d a$+ d r+cir7 Jg5s9 C* ca$acitat tr*ic+ *asic+ *di a a$i d r+cir7 J5Jg 9 " c+"dura "atnt+ *asic+7 J5Jg9 L rf"u?u" ra"7 J*o"i5J*o"9 L*in rf"u?u" *ini*7 J*o"i5J*o"
Linii" d o$rar
%+L
L ?
%
%
+L ?D
&7B&43 ? &7%,)1& &7%,)1 =%,7)1 *o"ar>
Q %
V
+
+
L
FL ?
%
% V
+
L
F ?M
KQ &%%@7&&'3%7&
&%%@7&3B@)7&
=
WF
WD
xx
xx %@7B J*o"i5J*o"
Q '73%1, ? &7&',&Q 9&7&', =9'7, *o"ar>
;n car:9 cua(ia dr$ti d concntrar9 Q cua(ia dr$ti d $ui-ar
Di*nsionara co"oani
1 Diametrul coloanei
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
13/26
Di )
&"
S&,7&
&&''7&
&
=w
# &7&%'3 *)
S a"g W& &7, *5s
Di &7%' *
;n car :9 S& aria sc(iunii trans2rsa" a co"oani7 *)
9 W& 2it-a 2a$ori"or7 *5s2 $nal%imea coloanei
#t =n9%> #Q
n &
t
'
n %& ta"r =nr ra" d ta"r>
nt 1 ta"r =nr tortic d ta"r>Eg=ficin(a g"oa"+> s a"g &71#Q =distanta dintr doua ta"r succsi2> s a"g )&& **#t %7B *
( Calculul talerelor
S a"g : /% 1 ** &7&&1 *
/, ,& ** &7&, * "c 1& ** &7&1 * l 1& ** &7&1 * W% W) B *5s
W& S& W% S% S%B
&%1'7&,7&
%
&& =
w
"w &7&&&3 *)
S%'
)
%d d% )%" d% &7&)4 * )4 **
'
)
%d &V
% )d &
)
%V
%' )
dd
= &7&, * ,& **
S considr+ /& 3 ** &7&&3 * =6na"(i* ca$ac>
'
)
%d X>=Y'
)V
%
)
) dd
( ) ( ) )))V%)
%) &,7&&)47&>= +=+= ddd &7&' * '& **
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
14/26
'
)
%d - a a ( )
&)7&%3'
&)47&%'7,
'
))
%
=
*+
d &7&&) * ) **
S considr+: )& ** &7&) * - %3 fant
Sr( )
'
%'7&%'7,%17&
'
)) =
iD &7&&&&@ *)
%17&=
)
%
)
% %17& DdmC = ( )
( ))
)
)
%
)
%
&)47&
%'7&%17&%17& ==
d
DmC ' c"o$ot
S considr+ d)Q ', ** &7&', *
V
)
)
dl
Dm
C
C+
=
D ( ) ( ) %7&&',7&&17&%')>=>%= V) ++=++ dlm CC
D &7,4@ * ,4@ **
Sa %7%1 S)
)
B337&'@&37&
tmtm
" CC
e =
=
( ) %3&)7&&&)7&B&'17&B>= )V) +=+= +*adt &7&B
S &7B33 ' Z&7&B[) &7&)) *)
Sa &7&)1 *)
,)
>&)7&=>%&'7%
441
=B%7@)&&)7&%3%%'7&>%=)%&'7%% ==
*&a+# ,
l
l
V" &7&&&', *,5s
;n car:9 /, ad
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
15/26
>17&= +++= fad-ll )))&p
S considr+: /s )1 ** &7&)1 * dd ,& ** &7&, * L &7%1 *,5/
/d %)=ddL >&733 @ ** &7&&@ *
% %7&') )7B'
337&337& >=>=4137&a
#)
,l
,fa
= &7&&&%, **
S considr+: B **
lp 441 @7B% =&7&)1 &7&&@ &7&&&&&&%, &7&&'> )BB7@ Pa
,u wp )
)
%= %337' Pa
1
C+dra tota"+ d $rsiun $ un ta"rult ppp += '117, Pa
C+dra d $rsiun $ co"oan+np. tt = '11, Pa
mmA
L) B7&)%@
)
=
=
/- /% /, /d &7&&1 &7&) &7&, &7&&@ &7&'3 * '3 **
Vit-a *di a "ic/idu"ui 6n u-unaru" d2rsoru"ui st d &7%1 &7) *5s.Ti*$u" c
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
16/26
9 9 coficint d r-istn(+ a" c"o$otu"ui9 /- 6n+"(i*a d2rsoru"ui7 **9 "d "+(i*a r"ati2+ a d2rsoru"ui7 **
D*enson!re! -!(e
S ado$t+: dint )1 ** d?t )@ ** p ) ** 2i &7) *5s 2 &7, *5s * % /?agon n 4 t2i $ %7)1 d?t ,37)1 ** d?t )@ ** D ) =* $ > %,&71 **
medtA/0 = medt/
0A
=
] *A "A %73) )),' ,3%@7% JM5s
)%
%%
%
++
=
p
p
/
ec)i,d
1u %%%
=
%'7&,,7&
%
37&
%% >=>=Pr>=Rp
C1u
=
37&>=%37% ec)i,dC = %7%3 =&7&,,>&73 &7%1
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )mmm
dnD
dnDd
exti
extiec)i, ,,&,,7&
&)@7&4%,&17&
&)@7&4%,&17& ))))
==+
=
+
=
W
ec)i,eW d,
=%R
1%7)4&)&%&,1%7&
&,,7&,7&@1BR ,% ==
Pr% %74Nu% &7%1 =)4&)&71%>&73 =%74>&7,, &7@B &7%1 '13 %7%@ &7@B 4@743
,37%3%@&,,7&
347&4374@% =
= M5*)
int
))
)d
1u
=
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
17/26
)%7%B14'%&)137&
&)17&)7&@1%R
,) =
=
=
A
iiA d,
4)7%@)7)3&&&),7&>37%=>)%7%B14'=&),7&>=Pr>=R&),7&
&&&.%&R
'7&B7&'7&
)
B7&
))
)
====
>
1u
37%%&3@7%
%&)3B7&Pr
4
3
) =
==
A
A
a
447%@33&)17&
3B17&4B74%) =
= M5*)
)B7B&3
447%@33
%
17%4
&&)7&
,37%3%@
%
%=
++=/
M5*)
,17,,317@3%%& == medt
),'7&,17%,)B7B&3
%7,3%@mA =
=
ld
An
med=
mmmnd
Al
med
3&&37&4&)47&%'7,
,'7&==
=
=
&)17&%'7,
&%7&''
int
)
=
=
d
An+
% ta2a
)
) &%7&
)7&441
3)7%m
,
mA
iA
A =
=
=
+n
n+ =% 4 trcri
D*enson!re! &re,nc-(toru-u
S ado$t+: dint )& ** d?t )' ** p ) ** 2i &7% *5s
2 &7, *5s * % /?agon n ' t2i $ %7)1 d?t ,& ** d?t )' **
D ) =* $ > %&B **
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
18/26
FpFFA*pA*A* tCmtCm =
-/&tC
tCmm
A*pA*
FpFF
A* 5BB7),)&'),&
B74&')@)3173=
=
=
medtA/0 = medt/0
A =-2w-WtCm0 FpFF 5437)&)&5''7)&)&41@,174,')4BB,7B ====
)%
%%
%
++
=
p
p
/
extd
1u %%%
=
%'7&,,7&
%
37&
%% >=>=Pr>=R
p
C1u
=
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )mmm
dnD
dnDd
exti
extiec)i, '3&'37&
&)'7&'%&B7&
&)'7&'%&B7& ))))
=+
=
+
=
37&>=%37%ec)i,
dC = %7%3 =&7&'3>&73 &7%B
B'71%)3'%&)137&
&'37&,7&@1%R
,% =
=
=
A*
exteA* d,
37%%&3@7%
%&)3B7&Pr
4
3
% ===
A*
A*
a
&,7%,4@B7&%37%4%733@%B7&@B7&>37%=>B'71%)3'=%B7& ,,7&37&% ===1u
117)&'&&'37&
3B17&&,7%,4% =
= M5*)
int
))
)d
1u
=
117)BB'%&3347&
&)7&%7&@3)R
,) =
=
=
F
iiF d,
),&& ^ R) ^ 4&&& ',7&
)
@7&
)) >=Pr>=R&&B7& =1u
B7)&),B7%,&&&&B7&>%71=>117)BB'=&&B7& ',7&@7&
) ===1u
Pr) 17%
%373&)&)7&
14@7&B7)&) =
= M5*)
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
19/26
'@7''%
%373&)
%
17%4
&&)7&
117)&'&
%
%=
++=/
M5*)
%17,B,B7)
B7@&
)7@%&&"n
)7@%&&
"n)
%
)% ==
=
+=
t
t
tttmed
Ct
Ct
&)
&
%
)7@
%&&
=
=
%)7&%17,B'@7''%
437)&)&=
=A *)
ld
An
med=
mmmnd
Al
med
)1&)17&4&))7&%'7,
%)7&==
=
=
'&)7&%'7,
&47&''
int
) =
=
=
d
An+
t2i
&47&%7&@3)
3173) =
=
=
iF
F
,
mA
*)
+n
n+ =% % trcr
D*enson!re! condens!toru-u
S ado$t+: dint )1 ** d?t )@ ** p ) ** 2i &7% *5s 2 &7, *5s * % /?agon n 3 t2i $ %7)1 d?t ,37)1 ** d?t )@ ** D ) =* $ > %,&71 **
medtA/0 = medt/
0A
=
] *V "D ,7,B %&4) ,3),7,3 JM5s
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
20/26
)%
%%
%
++
=
p
p
/
ext
d
1u %%%
=
%'7&,,7&
%
37&
%% >=>=Pr>=Rp
C1u
=
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )mmm
dnD
dnDd
exti
extiec)i, ,@&,@7&
&)@7&3%,&17&
&)@7&3%,&17& ))))
=+
=
+
=
37&>=%37% ec)i,dC = %7%3 =&7&,@>&73 &7%4
',7%1@&@%&4,%7&
&,@7&,7&@@'R,% =
== a
extea d,
@7'%&1%7%
%&4'7&Pr
4
3
% =
==
a
a
a
BB7@)@B7&3B7%BB7,,%%47&@B7&>@7'=>',7%1@&@=%47& ,,7&37&% ===1u
4@7%'4%&,@7&
3%B7&BB7@)% =
= M5*)
int
))
)d
1u =
%B7)BB,%&34)7&
&)17&%7&441R
,) =
=
=
D
iiD d,
),&&^R)^4&&& ( ) ( ) ',7&
)
@7&
)) PrR&&B7& =1u
( ) ( ) '@7)B4'7)B)7%)@@&&B7&17%&%B7)BB,&&B7& ',7&@7&) ===1u
Pr) %&71
1B7,'4&)17&
,&17&'@7)B) =
= M5*)
')7)4)
1B7,'4
%
17%4
&&)7&
4@7%'4%
%
%=
++=/
M5*)
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
21/26
@17',)
)1'1@174B =
+= medt
,7&@17',')7)4)
,37,3),=
=A *)
ldAnmed
=
mmmnd
Almed
1%&1%7&3&)47&%'7,
,7& ====
'&)17&%'7,
&',7&''
int
) =
=
=
d
An+
t2i
&',7&%7&441
,B7,) =
=
=
iD
#
,
mA
*)
+n
n+ =% , trcri
B-o1r!#e
%. E.A.0ratu 34pera%ii unitare 5n in&eria c)imic67 Vo" ,
). O.K"oara7 G/.inscu 8i co"aoratorii 34pera%ii i utila8e 5n indu-tria
c)imic67 Pro"*
,. R.\.Tudos7 !.Vasi"iu 8i co"aoratorii 3.roce-e9 oper%tii9 utila8e 5n
indu-tria c)imic6
'. Constantin 0anu 3Manualul in&inerului de indu-trie alimentar69Vo".%7)
1. C.K.Pa2"o27 P.G. Ro*anJo27 A.A. NosJo2 3.roce-e i aparate 5n
in&ineria c)imic67 E?rcitii si $ro"*
3. I.Rasnscu 34pera%ii i utila8e in indu-tria alimentar_7 Vo" )
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
22/26
4. A.G. asatJin 3.roce-e i aparate principale 5n te)nolo&ia c)imic6:
Ane2e
Dnsitata so"u(ii"or a"coo" ti"ic a$+ func(i d concntra(i 8i t*$ratur+
An?a %Concntra(ia6n a"coo"7
*as+
Dnsitata 7 Jg5*,7 "a t*$ratura t7 `C& %& )& ,& '& 1& 3& 4& B&
&%&)&,&'&
1&3&4&B&@&@1%&&
%&&&@B1@43@31@'@
@)@@&4BB'B3&B,1B))B&3
@@@@B'@4,@3&@')
@))B@@B43B1)B)4B%,4@B
@@B@B)@3@@1'@,1
@%'B@%B3BB''B%BB&'4B@
@@3@4@@3'@'B@)B
@&3BB,B1@B,3B&@4@34B%
@@'@41@1@@'%@)&
B@BB4'B1&B)3B&&4B344)
@BB@4%@1,@,1@%)
BB@B31B'%B%44@%44443,
@B,@3'@'4@)4@&,
BB&B13B,%B&44B%43441'
@4B@14@,@@%BB@'
B4%B'3B))4@444)43&4''
@4)@1%@,)@%&BB1
B3)B,4B%)4B443)4'B4,1
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
23/26
V
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
24/26
Ca$acitata tr*ic+ *asic+ a so"u(ii"or a"coo" ti"ic a$+ func(i d concntra(i 8it*$ratur+
An?a 'Concntra(ia
6n a"coo"7 *as+
Conducti2itata tr*ic+ 7 M5=*bJ>7 "a difrit t*$raturi t7 `C
& )& ,& '& 1& 3& 4& B&
1%&)&,&'&1&3&4&B&
@&%&&
',%&''&&',1&'%4&,@'&@3'&,,1&,%'&)B%&
)11&))3&
'),&')4&',%&')4&'%&&,B1&,3&&,,1&,&1&
)43&)',&
'),&')4&',%&')4&'%&&,B1&,3&&,,1&,%&&
)B%&)1%&
'),&')4&',%&')4&'%&&,B@&,3'&,,1&,%'&
)B1&)3&&
')4&')4&',%&''&&'%@&'&)&,B1&,3B&,))&
)@,&)4)&
')4&',%&',%&'''&')4&'%&&,@'&,44&,',&
,%'&)B1&
')4&',%&',%&''B&',1&'),&'%&&,@'&,3'&
,,1&)@4&
')4&',%&',%&'1)&''&&',%&'),&'%&&,B1&
,13&,%&&
Critriu" Prandt" $ntru so"u(ii" tano" a$+ func(i d t*$ratur+
An?a 1
Concntra(ia6n tano"7 *asic
Dnsitata 7 Jg5*,
7 "a t*$ratura t7 `C& %& )& ,& '& 1& 3& 4& B&
&%&)&,&'&1&3&4&
B&@&@1%&&
%,74)B711)7B4)74B%7'4@7,4%713)7)
'B7@,37&)@7'),74
@71%,71,&7%',71'@7@1&73'B71''71
,47,)B7B)'7')%7%
47&%)74)&7')47@,)7@,'74,'7',)7&
)B73),73)&7B%B7%
171@7'
%'7)%@7%))74)'71)17%)'7'
))7'%@7,%47'%173
'7'47%%&7)%,7B%373%B7,%@7)%@7)
%B7%%37&%'73%,7,
,73173B7&%&73%)7B%'7)%17&%17'
%'7@%,7B%)7@%)7%
,7&'7137'B71%&7,%%71%)7'%)7@
%)7@%)7%%%73%&7@
)71,7417)374B7'@73%&73%%7)
%%7,%&7@%&71%&7%
)7%,7&'7,17447)B71@73
%&7,
%&73%&7'%&7&@73
Pro$rit+(ii" 2a$ori"or satura(i ai a*stcu"ui a"coo" ti"ic a$+ "a $rsiunaat*osfric+ =43& **#g %7&%,b%&1Pa>
An?a 3
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
25/26
Concntra(iatano"u"ui 6n
2a$ori7 *asic
T*$ratura dfirr7 `C
Enta"$ia"ic/idu"ui /7
J5Jg
Enta"$ia2a$ori"or
satura(i7 /_7J5Jg
C+"dura "atnt+d 2a$ori-ar "7
J5Jg&1
%&%1)&)1,&,1'&'11&113&
314&41B&B1@&@1%&&
%&&7&@@71
@@7&@B7)@473@47&@37&@17%@'7&@)7B@%7'@&7,BB71
B47&B'7&B)73B&734@714B7@4B7,4B7,
'%@')1
')4'),')%')&'%B'&3,@B,B&,34,1',,@
,)',&1)B1)1@)1%),@))))&@
)341)3%&
)1'%)'33%,@,),),))1))%3@)&B@)&&1%@)%%B,B%41'
%34&%1B)%'@1%'&)%,),%),1%%'4%&3,
))13)%B1
)%%')&',%@4)%@&,%B,'%43,%3@%%3)'%11,%'B'%'%1
%,'3%)44%)%&%%',%&4)@@3@)1B1'
Diagra*a SanJ
-
8/12/2019 Operatii Si Aparate in Industria Alimentara
26/26
PRENCLZITOR
DISTILARE
*3731*,5s
-/&mF 53173=
-/&mD 531.&=-/&mW 53=
top related