optical fiber cable

IIMT INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

OPTICAL FIBER CABLE

Presented by: MUNNA KUMAR B.Tech(E.C.-’A’) 3RD yr.Roll no.- 1037131040

Submitted to:-Dr. P. K. Singh & Mr. Pushpendra

OPTICAL FIBER OPTICAL FIBER

OPTIC FIBER CABLE

FibrePropagation of Light inside the

ofcFibre Optic cable is guided medium in which information (voice, data or video) are transmitted in the form light from one place to other place.

CLASIFICATIONCLASIFICATION

1.STEP INDEX SINGLEMODE FIBER 1.STEP INDEX SINGLEMODE FIBER 2.STEP INDEX MULTYMODE FIBER2.STEP INDEX MULTYMODE FIBER

3.GRADED INDEX FIBER3.GRADED INDEX FIBER

CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION

• CORE:DIAMETER=8MICROMETERCORE:DIAMETER=8MICROMETER

• CLADDING:DIAMETER=125MICROMETERCLADDING:DIAMETER=125MICROMETER

• BUFFER:250BUFFER:250

• JACKET:400JACKET:400

OFC Construction

Parameters of CablingTensile Strength ( Pull)

Crushing Resistance

Protection from Excess Bending

Abrasion Protection

Anti-Twist

Chemical protection

Single Mode Fibre

The Core dia is 8 to 10 Micrometer

A much smaller core Diameter

Cladding dia is 125 Micrometer

Very large bandwidth

Light can go for very long distances

DWDM application (80 lamda)

MULTYMODE MULTYMODE FIBERFIBER

Has a large Core Diameter

Core Diameter - 50, 62.5, 100 Micro meter

Cladding dia - 125 Micro meter

Light waves are dispersed into number of paths

Multiple path of light cause signal distortion

Suitable for shorter length like LAN

GRADEDINDEX GRADEDINDEX FIBERFIBER

COMPARISION Cu vs OFCCOMPARISION Cu vs OFC

• CuCu

1.FREQUENCY=MHz1.FREQUENCY=MHz

2.WB=2Mbps(30VC)2.WB=2Mbps(30VC)

3.INTRFRS=HIGH3.INTRFRS=HIGH

4.WT=HIGH4.WT=HIGH

5.DISTANCE=2-3Km5.DISTANCE=2-3Km

• OFCOFC

1.=GHz1.=GHz

2.WB=25Mbps(34000+VC)2.WB=25Mbps(34000+VC)

3.INT=LOW3.INT=LOW

4.WT =LOW4.WT =LOW

5.DIS=25Kma15.DIS=25Kma1

OPTICAL FIBER OPTICAL FIBER PARAMETERPARAMETER

>FREQUENCY (WAVE LENTH)>FREQUENCY (WAVE LENTH)

>ATTENUATION>ATTENUATION

>WINDOW>WINDOW

TRANSMISSION CHALLENGESTRANSMISSION CHALLENGES..

>ATTENUATION>ATTENUATION

>NON LINEARITY>NON LINEARITY

>DISPERSION>DISPERSION

OFC SIZEOFC SIZE

>6FIBER>6FIBER

>12FIBER>12FIBER

>24FIBER>24FIBER

>48FIBER>48FIBER

>96FIBEF>96FIBEF

Standard drum length isStandard drum length is

2000M+10% or 4000m2000M+10% or 4000m

WINDOWSWINDOWS• Window is range of wave length where Window is range of wave length where

attenuation is minimumattenuation is minimum

• 1).850nm---(800-850nm)1).850nm---(800-850nm)

• 2).1300nm---(1250-1300nm)2).1300nm---(1250-1300nm)

• 3).1550nm---(1500-1550nm)3).1550nm---(1500-1550nm)

AttenuationAttenuation

• Gradual losses in the intensity data Gradual losses in the intensity data information in ofc1winformation in ofc1w

• 1).INTRINSIC:due to internal factor1).INTRINSIC:due to internal factor

Absorption, scatteringAbsorption, scattering

• 2).EXTRINSIC:due to bending of ofc 2).EXTRINSIC:due to bending of ofc

(a)(a)Macro bendingMacro bending

(b)(b)Micro bendingMicro bending

(c)(c)Numerical apparatureNumerical apparature

OFC COM. SYS.OFC COM. SYS.

SPLICINGSPLICING

• Splicing is technique to joining of two Splicing is technique to joining of two optical fiber cable by the splicing optical fiber cable by the splicing machinemachine

• There are two techniques There are two techniques

1).MECHANICAL1).MECHANICAL

2).FUSION : Is done by heating 2).FUSION : Is done by heating

splicingsplicing

OTDROTDR• Optical time domain reflectometer is a Optical time domain reflectometer is a

device use to detect the distance at device use to detect the distance at which ofc get cutwhich ofc get cut

• By this method OTDR is connected at By this method OTDR is connected at one end a laser beam is allow to flow in one end a laser beam is allow to flow in ofc it get bounce back from the cutting ofc it get bounce back from the cutting point due to change in R.Ipoint due to change in R.I

S=CTS=CT

C=SPEED OF LIGHTC=SPEED OF LIGHT

T=TOTAL TIMET=TOTAL TIME

OTDROTDR

Advantages of Optic Fibre

large bandwidth

Low Loss - 0.5db per km

Less number of Repeaters

Small size & Light Weight - Easy to handle

Greater Safety - No Electric Hazards

Higher Security

Available long length

Universal medium

OFC ApplicationsTelecommunication /automation

Network

Junction Network & Long Distance Network

Submarine cable

High EMI areas

Explosive environment

High lightening area

Computer links & Local Area Network

Cable television

Medical Field , Automobile Field

Military application

Telecommunications

•Today’s Telecom is growing “Faster- Higher- Stronger”.•The contribution of fibre towards this trend is a major one.•All optical network will emerge.

1844 Telegraph 5 bits /sec

1876 Telephone 2 kb/sec

1956 Trans Atlantic 1152 kb/sec

OFC 45000 kb/sec

Today 2-3 Terra bit/sec

• The Transport Capacity of OFC advances by 100 times every 10 years

Improvements in Fibre

THANK YOU!