option 8 culture and identity. outline of presentation content of option content of option linkages...

Option 8Option 8

Culture and Culture and IdentityIdentity

Outline of PresentationOutline of Presentation

Content of OptionContent of Option LinkagesLinkages Resources and activitiesResources and activities Examples for Case StudiesExamples for Case Studies

Activities and ResourcesActivities and Resources

MapsMaps PhotographsPhotographs InternetInternet StatisticsStatistics StatisticsStatistics Group work/Pair workGroup work/Pair work Individual researchIndividual research

Useful WebsitesUseful Websites www.undp.orgwww.undp.org www.prb.orgwww.prb.org www.survival-international.orgwww.survival-international.org www.wikipedia.orgwww.wikipedia.org www.statssa.gov.zawww.statssa.gov.za www.swissworld.orgwww.swissworld.org www.aboutch.comwww.aboutch.com www.recensement.chwww.recensement.ch www.cco.caltech.edu/bosniawww.cco.caltech.edu/bosnia www.odci.govwww.odci.gov www.nytimes.com/specials/bosniawww.nytimes.com/specials/bosnia www.factbites.comwww.factbites.com

What is cultural identity?What is cultural identity?

Cultural identity is the feeling of Cultural identity is the feeling of identity of a group or of an identity of a group or of an individual, as far as one is influenced individual, as far as one is influenced by his/her belonging to a group or by his/her belonging to a group or culture.culture.

Culture and Identity

Language Ethnicity/Race

ReligionNationality

Cultural IdentityCultural Identity

Linkages and SettingsLinkages and Settings

Culture and Identity

Core 2Human Aspects of

Regions

Irelande.g. WestN. Ireland

Continental/Subcontinental

e.g. S. AfricaAboriginies

Native Americans

Europee.g. Basques

Balkans

Elective 5

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations

Populations can be examined according to Populations can be examined according to physical and cultural indicators such as physical and cultural indicators such as race, language, religion and nationality.race, language, religion and nationality.

Outcomes: recognise ethnic groups as Outcomes: recognise ethnic groups as classification of population and examine classification of population and examine language and religion as cultural language and religion as cultural indicators.indicators.

8.1 Key Concepts8.1 Key Concepts

Multi-racial Society

Expressions of Identity

Religious Conflict

ReligionLanguage

Migration andColonisation

Racial Conflict

POPULATIONS

8.1 Populations8.1 PopulationsEthnicity/Ethnicity/RaceRace

Ethnic/Racial patterns are influenced Ethnic/Racial patterns are influenced by:by:

Historic migrationsHistoric migrations Recent migrationsRecent migrations ColonialismColonialism

Core 2 Settings

Elective 5.3

8.1 Populations (Race)8.1 Populations (Race)World RacesWorld Races

8.1 Populations (Race)8.1 Populations (Race)World RacesWorld Races

1 African1 African 4 Australian4 Australian 7 Melanesian7 Melanesian2 American Indian2 American Indian 5 European5 European 8 8

MicronesianMicronesian3 Asian3 Asian 6 Indian6 Indian 9 9

PolynesianPolynesian

8.1 Populations8.1 PopulationsMulti racial societiesMulti racial societies

U.S.AU.S.A EuropeEurope Case studies Ireland,Britian, France, Case studies Ireland,Britian, France,

GermanyGermany BrazilBrazil South AfricaSouth Africa AustraliaAustralia

8.1 Populations (Race)8.1 Populations (Race)Multi-racial worldMulti-racial world

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations

Racial ConflictRacial Conflict U.S.A (black/white, native American)U.S.A (black/white, native American) FranceFrance Britain (general election race issue)Britain (general election race issue) South AfricaSouth Africa RussiaRussia Sudan,Rwanda,BurundiSudan,Rwanda,Burundi India/Pakistan/KashmirIndia/Pakistan/Kashmir RomaRoma TibetTibet Aboriginal land rights, AustraliaAboriginal land rights, Australia KurdsKurds

8.1 Populations8.1 PopulationsMovement of PeopleMovement of People

Racial patterns influenced by:Racial patterns influenced by:

Historic migrationsHistoric migrations Recent migrations Recent migrations ColonialismColonialism

Core 2 SettingsElective 5.3

8.1 Populations 8.1 Populations (Colonialism & (Colonialism & Migration)Migration)

Historic MigrationsHistoric Migrations Barbarians – Huns, Goths, VisigothsBarbarians – Huns, Goths, Visigoths

(from Eastern Europe to Western Europe)(from Eastern Europe to Western Europe)

Islamic MoorsIslamic Moors (from Arabia to Europe via (from Arabia to Europe via Balkans)Balkans)

VikingsVikings (from Denmark and Norway to Iceland (from Denmark and Norway to Iceland and W. Europe)and W. Europe)

Slave TradeSlave Trade (from Africa to the Americas)(from Africa to the Americas)

8.1 Populations8.1 PopulationsRecent MigrationsRecent Migrations

Europeans – N & S America, Africa, Europeans – N & S America, Africa, AustraliaAustralia

Africans – N & S AmericaAfricans – N & S America Mexicans – United StatesMexicans – United States Jews - IsraelJews - Israel

8.1 Populations8.1 PopulationsColonial Empires 1945Colonial Empires 1945

8.1 Populations 8.1 Populations (Colonisation)(Colonisation)

U.S/European Colonial U.S/European Colonial Powers1945Powers1945

RegionRegion Percentage Percentage ControlledControlled

AfricaAfrica 90.4%90.4%

PolynesiaPolynesia 98.9%98.9%

AsiaAsia 56.5%56.5%

AustraliaAustralia 100%100%

AmericasAmericas 27.2%27.2%

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations

Understanding the impact of Understanding the impact of colonialismcolonialism

Later ColonialismLater Colonialism

BritainBritain FranceFrance BelgiumBelgium Germany/ItalyGermany/Italy PortugalPortugal DutchDutch SpainSpain SovietSoviet

Early ColonialismEarly Colonialism

RomanRoman MongolianMongolian ArabArab OsmanicOsmanic

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations

Impact of colonialismImpact of colonialism

Cultural colonialism

Language colonialism

Media colonialism

8.1 Populations8.1 PopulationsLanguage as a Cultural Language as a Cultural

IndicatorIndicator

World languagesWorld languages European languagesEuropean languages Influence of mass mediaInfluence of mass media Minority languages – policies for Minority languages – policies for

survivalsurvival

Core 2Settings

8.1 Populations 8.1 Populations (Language)(Language)

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations (Language) (Language)

Indo-European LanguagesIndo-European Languages

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations

Indo-European LanguagesIndo-European Languages

8.1 Population8.1 Population (Language) (Language)

Influence of the Mass MediaInfluence of the Mass Media

TG4 and TV5TG4 and TV5 RNGRNG Sky News and CNNSky News and CNN Pop MusicPop Music Written media Written media InternetInternet

8.1 Populations (Language)8.1 Populations (Language)

Influence of the mediaInfluence of the media

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations (Language) (Language)

Scots Gaelic/WelshScots Gaelic/Welsh

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations (Language) (Language)

Policies for SurvivalPolicies for Survival

European Charter for Regional or European Charter for Regional or Minority LanguagesMinority Languages

European Convention 1992European Convention 1992

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations (Language) (Language)

Udarás na GaeltachtaUdarás na Gaeltachta Ráiteas MisinRáiteas Misin An Ghaeltacht a An Ghaeltacht a

bhuanú agus a neartú bhuanú agus a neartú agus an Ghaeilge a agus an Ghaeilge a chur chun cinn ionas chur chun cinn ionas gur féidir le pobal gur féidir le pobal láidir féinmhuiníneach láidir féinmhuiníneach forbairt chun a forbairt chun a lánchumas a lánchumas a chomhlíonadh agus chomhlíonadh agus caighdeán ard beatha a caighdeán ard beatha a bhaint amach.bhaint amach.

Mission StatementMission Statement

To preserve and To preserve and strengthen the strengthen the Gaeltacht and the Irish Gaeltacht and the Irish language so that language so that strong, self-confident strong, self-confident communities can communities can emerge to achieve their emerge to achieve their full potential and enjoy full potential and enjoy a high quality of life. a high quality of life.

8.1 Population8.1 Population (Language) (Language)Minority language (an Ghaeilge)Minority language (an Ghaeilge)

8.1 Populations 8.1 Populations (Language)(Language)

Policies for Survival - IrelandPolicies for Survival - Ireland

Radio na GaeltachtaRadio na Gaeltachta TG4TG4 Language Act 2003Language Act 2003 Local stations e.g. Nemeton Teo, An RinnLocal stations e.g. Nemeton Teo, An Rinn Language SchoolsLanguage Schools FestivalsFestivals GaelscoileannaGaelscoileanna

8.1 Populations 8.1 Populations (Language)(Language)

Policies for Survival - WalesPolicies for Survival - Wales

Welsh Language BoardWelsh Language Board Welsh Education ActWelsh Education Act Eisteddfods (Festivals)Eisteddfods (Festivals) S4CS4C Plaid CymruPlaid Cymru

8.1 Populations8.1 PopulationsReligion as a Cultural Religion as a Cultural

IndicatorIndicator

World ReligionsWorld Religions Religious ConflictReligious Conflict Church and StateChurch and State

Core 2 SettingsElective 5.3

8.1 Populations 8.1 Populations (Religion)(Religion)

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations

Major religions of the worldMajor religions of the world

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations

Religious ConflictReligious Conflict

Northern Ireland 1969 Catholic Vs Northern Ireland 1969 Catholic Vs ProtestantsProtestants

Sudan 1983 Muslims Vs Native ReligionsSudan 1983 Muslims Vs Native Religions

Iraq 1991 Sunnites Vs ShiitesIraq 1991 Sunnites Vs Shiites

Yugoslavia (Bosnia) 1991 Orthodox Yugoslavia (Bosnia) 1991 Orthodox Christians Vs Catholics Vs MuslimsChristians Vs Catholics Vs Muslims

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations (Religion) (Religion)

Church/State relations 1937 Church/State relations 1937 ConstitutionConstitution

DeValeraDeValera McQuaidMcQuaid

8.1 Populations 8.1 Populations

Religious/cultural conflictReligious/cultural conflict

8.1 Populations 8.1 Populations (Religion)(Religion)

RANGERSRANGERS vv CELTICCELTIC

8.1 Populations 8.1 Populations

Religious/cultural conflictReligious/cultural conflict

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations (Religion) (Religion)

COMPETING IDENTITIESCOMPETING IDENTITIES DerryDerry Six CountiesSix Counties The North of The North of

IrelandIreland Daily IrelandDaily Ireland CelticCeltic CliftonvilleCliftonville SéamusSéamus

LondonderryLondonderry UlsterUlster The ProvinceThe Province Belfast TelegraphBelfast Telegraph RangersRangers LinfieldLinfield SammySammy

8.1 Populations8.1 PopulationsExpressions of Culture and Expressions of Culture and

IdentityIdentity

ArtArt SportSport TraditionsTraditions FestivalsFestivals CostumeCostume

Core 2Settings

8.1 Populations 8.1 Populations

Expression of identityExpression of identity

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations (Expression of (Expression of Identity)Identity)

Sport/ traditionsSport/ traditions

8.1 Populations 8.1 Populations (Expression of (Expression of Identity)Identity)

Irish identity?Irish identity?

8.1 Population8.1 Population (Expression of (Expression of Identity)Identity)

Spanish traditionSpanish tradition

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations (Expression of (Expression of Identity)Identity)

Greek /Spanish dressGreek /Spanish dress

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations (Expression of (Expression of Identity)Identity)

European identity /where?European identity /where?

8.1 Populations8.1 Populations (Expressions of (Expressions of Identity)Identity)

What countries do you identify?What countries do you identify?

8.2 Nationality and Nation 8.2 Nationality and Nation StateState

Physical/political boundariesPhysical/political boundaries

Cultural groups within nation statesCultural groups within nation states

Cultural groups without nationalityCultural groups without nationality

Conflicts between political structure and Conflicts between political structure and cultural groupscultural groups

Linkages and SettingsLinkages and Settings

Culture and Identity

Core 2Human Aspects of

Regions

Irelande.g. WestN. Ireland

Continental/Subcontinental

e.g. S. AfricaAboriginies

Native Americans

Europee.g. Basques

Balkans

8.2 Nationality and Nation 8.2 Nationality and Nation StateState

Physical BoundariesPhysical Boundaries Mountains – Andes, Alps, PyrennesMountains – Andes, Alps, Pyrennes Sea – IrelandSea – Ireland River – Shannon, Rhine, ZambeziRiver – Shannon, Rhine, Zambezi Lake – Canada / North America, Lake – Canada / North America,

Lake MichiganLake Michigan

8.2 Nationality and Nation 8.2 Nationality and Nation StateState

Political BoundariesPolitical Boundaries Northern IrelandNorthern Ireland Canada and USACanada and USA Continental/Sub continental regionContinental/Sub continental region East / West GermanyEast / West Germany

8.2 Cultural groups within nation 8.2 Cultural groups within nation statesstates

“The Rainbow Nation” {R.S.A}“The Rainbow Nation” {R.S.A}

Language GroupsLanguage Groups

EnglishEnglish AfrikaansAfrikaans NdebeleNdebele SothoSotho XhosaXhosa VendaVenda

TswanaTswana ZuluZulu SwaziSwazi TsongaTsonga

8.2 Cultural groups within nation 8.2 Cultural groups within nation statesstates

Cultural Groups in South AfricaCultural Groups in South Africa

8.2 Cultural Groups within Nation 8.2 Cultural Groups within Nation StatesStates

8.2 Cultural groups within nation 8.2 Cultural groups within nation statesstates

8.2 Cultural groups without 8.2 Cultural groups without nationalitynationality

Khoikhoi San

8.2 Cultural groups without 8.2 Cultural groups without nationalitynationality

8.2 Cultural Groups without 8.2 Cultural Groups without NationalityNationality

Europe's Roma/ChechnyaEurope's Roma/Chechnya

8.2 Cultural Groups without 8.2 Cultural Groups without Nationality and in exileNationality and in exile

8.2 Conflicts between political 8.2 Conflicts between political structures and cultural groups.structures and cultural groups.

Kashmiri PanditsKashmiri Pandits

8.2 Conflict between 8.2 Conflict between political structures and political structures and

cultural groups.cultural groups.The “Holy Land”The “Holy Land”

8.2 Conflict between political 8.2 Conflict between political structures and cultural structures and cultural

groups.groups.Native AmericansNative Americans

Conflict mapConflict map

8.3 Identity in Europe8.3 Identity in Europe

Identity as a concept entails a Identity as a concept entails a variety of cultural factors variety of cultural factors including including nationality,language,race,and nationality,language,race,and religionreligion

Case Study: European regionCase Study: European region

Linkages and SettingsLinkages and Settings

Culture and Identity

Core 2Human Aspects of

Regions

Europee.g.Basques

Balkans, N. Ireland,Switzerland etc.

Possible Areas for StudyPossible Areas for Study

The BalkansThe Balkans Celtic regionsCeltic regions Switzerland Switzerland CyprusCyprus SpainSpain Catalonia,Catalonia, Galicia,Galicia, BasqueBasque BrittanyBrittany

SardiniaSardinia BelgiumBelgium ““Lapland”Lapland” Bosnia Hertz.Bosnia Hertz. MacedoniaMacedonia AlbaniaAlbania CroatiaCroatia SerbiaSerbia SloveniaSlovenia IrelandIreland

Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe

8.3 Culture and Identity8.3 Culture and Identity

A European RegionA European Region

The BalkansThe Balkans

The BalkansThe Balkans

The BalkansThe Balkans

NationalityNationality

Bosnia

Serbia

Croatia

Religion as a Cultural Religion as a Cultural IndicatorIndicator

Balkans

SERBIA Orthodox Christians

Pop.9.8 million

Bosnia-Hertz.Muslim

Pop.4.6 million

CroatiaCatholic

Pop.4.8 million

Religion as a Cultural Religion as a Cultural IndicatorIndicator

Serbian Religious Icons Serbian Orthodox

Bosnian Symbols

The Role of MigrationThe Role of Migration

FORCED MIGRATION(Ethnic Cleansing)

Bosnians from Serbia Serbs from CroatiaCroats and Serbs

Invade Bosnia

Bosnia HerzegovinaBosnia Herzegovina

Ethnic Divisions 1991 and Ethnic Divisions 1991 and 19971997

New BoundariesNew Boundaries

Music as an Expression of Music as an Expression of IdentityIdentity

Bosnian Music

Music as an expression of Music as an expression of IdentityIdentity

Serbian Kolo danceSerbian music

Serbian music favours brass especially clarinet

Art as an expression of Art as an expression of IdentityIdentity

Serbian Art

Art as an Expression of Art as an Expression of IdentityIdentity

Bosnian ArtBosnian Art

Costume as a Cultural Costume as a Cultural IndicatorIndicator

New BoundariesNew Boundaries

New Boundaries (1995)New Boundaries (1995)

8.3 Culture and Identity8.3 Culture and Identity

A European RegionA European Region

SwitzerlandSwitzerland

SwitzerlandSwitzerland

Swissness “unity but not uniformity”.Swissness “unity but not uniformity”.

BoundariesBoundariesPhysical and PoliticalPhysical and Political

Physical BoundariesPhysical Boundaries

Mountains – JuraMountains – Jura Rivers – RhineRivers – Rhine Lakes – Lake GenevaLakes – Lake Geneva

Physical Regions – Physical Regions – Alps 60%Alps 60%

Plateau 30%Plateau 30%

Jura 10%Jura 10%

Political BoundariesPolitical Boundaries

European borders – Germany, European borders – Germany, Austria, Italy, FranceAustria, Italy, France

CantonsCantons

Federal StateFederal State

Political BoundariesPolitical Boundaries

Language as a Cultural Language as a Cultural IndicatorIndicator

Language as a Cultural Language as a Cultural IndicatorIndicator

Cultural Groups - MediaCultural Groups - Media

Cultural Groups – MediaCultural Groups – Media

Religion as a Cultural Religion as a Cultural IndicatorIndicator

The Role of MigrationThe Role of Migration

The Role of MigrationThe Role of Migration

New BoundariesNew Boundaries

EU enlargementEU enlargement Eastern Europe and the BalkansEastern Europe and the Balkans GermanyGermany Member of the United NationsMember of the United Nations

Art as an Expression of Art as an Expression of IdentityIdentity

Music as an Expression of Music as an Expression of IdentityIdentity

Festivals as Expressions of Festivals as Expressions of IdentityIdentity

8.1 Ethnicity / Race

8.1 Religion8.2 Nationality

8.1 Language

8.1 Movement of people

Culture and

Identity

Culture and

Identity

Physical/Political BoundariesNation stateConflict

World and European

Languages.Influence of Mass Media.Minority Languages

and policies for survival.

Impact of Migration and Colonisation

World Religions Conflict Church and State

World racesMulti-racial societiesRacial Conflict

8.3 European Case Study

8.3 European Case Study

Core 2 Settings