p6 fsci simple machine1
Post on 25-May-2015
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Simple Machine!
LeversLeversPulley SystemPulley SystemInclined PlaneInclined PlaneWheel & AxleWheel & Axle
GearsGears
Levers !
First Class Lever
LoadFulcrum
EffortFulcrum = Pivoting Point
Load
Effort 30g
100g
Load
Effort
First Class Lever(Examples)
ScissorsPliers
See-sawCrowbar
Second Class Lever !!
Load
Fulcrum
Effort
100g
30g
Load
Fulcrum
Effort
100g
30g
Second Class Lever(Examples)
WheelbarrowNutcracker
Bottle cap opener
Third Class Lever !!
Load
Fulcrum
Effort
Load 100g
Fulcrum
Effort 300g
Load 100g
Fulcrum
Effort 300g
Greater Effort!
Faster Speed!
Third Class Lever(Example)
BroomFishing rod
Ice tong
Pulley !
Fixed Pulley System !
Load
Effort
Effort and load move in opposite direction.
Load
100g Effort
100g ?
120g ?
Effort needed equals
the Load if no
friction.
Effort needed greater than
Load, to overcome friction.
Load
Effort
5 cm5 cm
Effort and load travel
equal distance.
Load
Effort
Advantage;
Changes the
direction of an applied
force.
Movable Pulley System !
Load
Effort
Effort and load move in
same direction.
Load
Effort
Effort travels
twice the distance
compared to the load.
Load 100g
Effort 60g
Effort needed is less than the load.
Load
Effort Allows a smaller effort to overcome a greater load.
Pulley System !!
Load
Effort
Effort and load move in opposite direction.
Load
Effort
Effort travels greater
distance compared
to the load.
Load 100g
Effort 50g
Effort needed is less than the load.
Load 100g
Effort 50g
Pulley System
Advantage 1
Allows a smaller force to overcome
a greater load.
Advantage 2
Changes the direction of an applied force.
Inclined Plane !!
Load = 100g
Effort = 100g
Effort = 70g Effort = 60g
Load needs to travel longer distance.
Load needs to travel even longer distance.
Examples of Inclined Plane
staircasesharp point of needlesharp point of iron nail
sharp end of an axe/knife
Wheel & Axle !!
Load
Effort
Axle
Wheel
Wheel & Axle
Axle
Wheel
Load Effort
Effort & load moves in opposite direction.
Axle
Wheel
Load Effort
A smaller effort is needed to lift the load.
Axle
Wheel
Load Effort
Effort travels a greater distance than the load.
Examples of Wheel & Axle
door handle/ knobscrew driver
bicycle handle-barsteering wheel
Gears !!!
Gear is a
wheel
with
teeth
Gear can rotate
clockwise.
Gear can rotate
anti-clockwise.
Inter-locking gears.
Changes the direction of an inter-locking gear.
Inter-locking gears.
Changes the speed of a smaller inter-locking gear with fewer teeth.
16 teeth
8 teeth
Two gears joined by a chain.
Gear A & B move in SAME direction.
Gear B moves at faster speed than Gear A
A B
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