pa tho physiology of bipolar affective disorder
Post on 07-Apr-2018
215 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/4/2019 Pa Tho Physiology of Bipolar Affective Disorder
1/2
Pathophysiology
Modifiable factors:
Poor interpersonal relationship Isolation of self Cannot express feelings
Non-modifiable factors:
Hereditary age (early 20s/adolescence) sex (men, women) educated people Neurotransmitter alterations
Neurotransmitter alterations:Traumatic experiences:
Unable to express
feelings, lack of close
friends, isolate self,
social withdrawal
Living alone Separation from
her husband
Increase Anxiety
Dopamine secretion
Serotonin secretion OVERPRODUCTION OFDOPAMINE:
Causes the nerve circuits to
misfire and create a split
state in the mind.
Hallucinations Delusions
Auditoryhallucination
Visual
hallucination
DECREASE
serotoninINCREASE
serotonin
Social
withdrawal
Low self-
esteem
Persistent
sadness
Agitated
Hyperactive
Racing
thoughts
Illusions
DEPRESION MANIA
Chronic low
self-esteem
Bipolar Affective disorder,current episode, manic withpsychotic disorder
Long-term
depression
Stress
-
8/4/2019 Pa Tho Physiology of Bipolar Affective Disorder
2/2
Pathogenesis
Bipolar affective disorder is the shifting of mood of a person from being hyperactive to a
depressed state. Patient is sometimes hypomania or hyper manic; thus making the mood and
affect of a person are affected also. There are several known triggering causes of bipolar
affective disorder; hereditary plays a big role in determining the cause of bipolar. Abnormal
genetics that runs in your family may be acquired by the next generation; age is also a factor
that must be consider, as early as 20 years old, where in we encounter different problems in
different aspects. In this stage, we also tend to hide our feelings and keep it to ourselves. Sex,
educated people, and neurotransmitter alteration are also factors that causes bipolar.
Neurotransmitter dopamine and serotonin are commonly affected in this disorder. It may be
increased or decreased; increase secretion of serotonin causes hyper manic state, while
decrease serotonin may result to depression of the person.
Excessive secretion of dopamine causes two of the most common psychotic symptoms,
hallucination and delusion. Hallucination is a false sensory (auditory, visual, gustatory, ect)
belief while delusion is a fixed false belief of the person affected.
Traumatic experiences such as separation from family, loved ones, death of relatives
and friends, living on your own may trigger bipolar disorder. A person having hard time to
express his/her feelings and emotions may experience depression, anxiety will increases as the
day pass by and he/she remembers the situation. The person is subjected to depression and
stress and causes chemical imbalances. He/she may forget to take care of self; self-esteem is
low and isolates self from others.
top related