painting- art 100

WATERCOLOR• In watercolor, pigments are mixed

with water.• Basically a staining technique • Perfect for catching a quick

impressions outdoors.

John Singer Sargent. Rio de Santa Maria Formosa, Venice. 1905. Watercolor

FRESCO• True fresco or buon fresco, pigments

are suspended in water are applied to a damp lime-plaster surface. The vehicle is water, and the binder is the lime present in the damp plaster.

• The earliest true fresco paintings date from about 1800 BC in Turkey.

• The technique was also practiced by many Pre-Columbian cultures

• Diego Rivera- brought the revival of fresco painting.

• Colors reach the colors as the fresco ages. Colors reach their greatest intensity 50 to 100 yeas after a fresco is painted. Diego Rivera. Detroit Industry.

1932-33.

ENCAUSTIC • Encaustic pigments are suspended in

hot beeswax, resulting in a lustrous surfaces that bring out the full richness of colors.

• Technique known to ancient Greeks and flourished in Egypt

• Fayum (city in Egypt) portraits, such as Portrait of a Boy, were memorials to the deceased, painted directly on their wooden coffins.

• These are the earliest surviving encaustic works.

Portrait of a Boy. 100-150 B.C.

TEMPERA • Tempera was also known to the

Greeks and Romans• Was highly developed during the late

Middle Ages• Egg yolk is the binder, mixed in equal

parts with pigment powder and then thinned with water.

• Traditional egg tempera has a very luminous surface when dry.

Sandro Botticelli The Story of Nastagio degli Onesti (I). 1483.

OIL • In Western art, oil paint has been a

favorite medium for five centuries, • Pigments mixed with various

vegetable oils, such as linseed, walnut, and poppy seed, were used in the Middle Ages.

• Oil paint can provide both increased opacity and greater transparency than tempera.

• Slow drying time, allows artist to blend strokes of color and make changes during the painting process.

• Colors in oil change little when drying

Jan van Eyck. Madonna and Child with the Chancellor Rollin. 1433-34

ACRYLIC • An invention of the mid-twentieth

century. The binder that holds the pigment is acrylic polymer, a synthetic resin that provides a fast-drying, flexible film. The vehicle is water.

• Colors can maintain a high degree of intensity

• Unlike oils, acrylics rarely darken or yellow with age

• Their rapid drying time restricts blending and limits reworking Joan Mitchell. Untitled. 1987. Oil on Canvas.

AIRBRUSH• While traditional brushes are the most

common tool for applying paint, in recent years many painters have used airbrushes to apply acrylics, oil and other types of paint.

• A small-scale paint sprayer capable of projecting a fine, controlled mist of paint.

IS THIS A PAINTING?

JEREMY BLAKE• “Moving Paintings”• Film footage, hand-painted elements

and still photoshttps://vimeo.com/16485005