pcs summary report
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Organisation Summary Report
Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
T Krishna Prasad I.P.S.IGP, Director Police Communications HAC Police Computer Services & Standardisation
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From the Desk of DGP
I am immensely pleased to note that the AP Police Computer Services is bringing out an
Organization Summary Report, detailing its remarkable achievements in the last ten years, and
the roadmap ahead.
I am sure many will find the achievements made by the A.P Police in e-governance as a
benchmark for similar projects elsewhere. The Institution of systematization and
computerization, as a dedicated wing in the A.P Police Computer Services, has proven to be
extremely effective. The wing has managed to integrate a computer-based mode of functioning in
to the vast pool of the State Police, so systematically, that in its tenth year, all police locations are
computerized and interconnected.
The year 2009 is a milestone year not only for the PCS but also for Indian Police as well, as the
Electronic Computerization of Police Services (eCOPS) went live all over the state on the
1st January of this year. From 1 January 2009 onwards, each and every Police Station in A.P,
including the remotest, has started issuing FIR, online. The achievement of this substantial task,
preparation of such a document, to take stock of the work completed so far, and setting new targets
have been a commendable task.
On behalf of the State Police, I take this opportunity to congratulate IGP, PCS, District IT core
teams, Developers, Technical team, Consultants and all the police personnel, who have
participated in this mission of heralding the A.P Police force into the world of Information and
Communication Technology.
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(S.S.P Yadav)
Note from the Inspector General
We, at the Police Computer Services Wing of theAP Police, are delighted to present this summary
of our performance to the public. This document is both the chronicle of a bold move carried out
over the past decade as well as an assessment of where it has reached till now and how far its
objectives have been met. We hope that this milestone of sorts will also be a useful pointer to some
of the paths we have to travel in the future.
For the PCS, the past ten years have been a time of planning new initiatives, of grappling with
technical feasibilities, of implementing steps to effectively usher the police force into a
technology-intensive era and of incessantly following up these developments seeking successful
usage. We always bore in mind that most ICT technical initiatives in the world are not fully
successful due to insufficient focus on project planning, low user involvement, and inconsistent
project follow-up and implementation. An in depth understanding of all the stake holders, whose
utility alone can testify for success, is mandatory for any computerizing venture. The PCS team
worked on identifying all such categories and spent quality time pushing the agenda of
computerization across its 2500 locations through capacity building and focused project
management. Thus, this is a happy success story primarily of staying with each particle of a
commitment till its completion.
We are proud to share with the people of Andhra Pradesh the fact that we are the only state in the
country where every police station is interconnected across the department and information can
be put in, retrieved, analyzed and updated in real time from all the police locations, statewide.
Online delivery of otherwise time consuming services has been a boon for the police and for the
public alike.
This occasion of happiness is also an opportunity for us to recall, with due humility, that all our
achievements over the past decade would not have been possible without great support from the
government, superior officials, the companies that helped us through their corporate social
responsibility wings, the dedicated teams of managers, programmers, trainers and officials who
worked with us at various junctures.
The PCS team joins me in thanking each of you who have helped us in getting where we are now.
With your support and good wishes, our dedicated team hopes to continue working on the mission
of a smoother, nicer and more effective policing experience for the people in the years to come.
Happy reading!
I. P. S.T. Krishna Prasad
Introduction 09
Policing in the Age of ICT 11
The Setting up of PCS 12
Vision, Mission and Core Values 13
Benefits of ICT in Policing 14
The Challenges of Computerization 16
How does the PCS Work? 18
Responsibilities of the PCS 19
ABrief History of the Evolution of PCS 20
Infrastructure 23
Communication Framework 24
Collaborations 25
Application Categories & KeyApplications 26
Training 29
Follow Up 30
Where is the PCS now? 31
Enterprise eCOPS: The RoadAhead 34
Route Map 35
Conclusion 39
Appendix 1 : Organizational Structure 40
Appendix 2 : Success Stories 41
Appendix 3 : eLXNeCOPS 44
Appendix 4 : Data Centre Evolution 45
Contents
This document is a record of the history, services and achievements of the Police
Computer Services (PCS), a wing of the Andhra Pradesh Police dedicated to
bring about the extensive and effective use of Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) in the Department.
We live in an age that understands ICT as a basic component of any organization,
as it has revolutionized the ways of information flow for better service delivery.
ICT can make information accessible at any time and in any place, help
consolidate and analyse it for decision support, and enable collaborative action
across different locations on a real time basis that increases the efficiency and
effectiveness of any organization. This is extremely significant for a
governmental agency like the police force with many citizen-facing,
governmental and procedural responsibilities assigned to it. It is this vision that
prompted the police authorities to establish a strong information technology
division within the force. They foresaw that this move to systemize processes
would equip the force to act faster and better, by enhancing overall productivity.
Now, after ten years of composed work, we see the fruits of computerization: just
as much as the increase in efficiency enabled the Police to be a more people-
friendly and responsive force, the systematization of processes and information
has made the ordinary citizen's dealing with the police a better experience.
Through a holistic approach that was minutely attentive of each component in
computerizing the department, from the study of the processes to detailed
planning and implementation of capacity building, the PCS has managed to
conceptualize and implement ICT initiatives in the Police Department in order to
to provide better services for the police personnel and the public.
By documenting the history and approach of the PCS in a comprehensive manner,
we hope to showcase how this transformative mission constantly evolves
towards successful ICT implementations. This document also chronicles the
Introduction
Page 9/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
lessons of how the premier attempt by Andhra Pradesh in the “IT-ification” of its
police force has helped the state to command a pioneering lead over all other
Police Departments in India.
Introduction
Page 10/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
The Police perform a variety of duties ranging from the detection and prevention
of crime and the keeping of law and order and public peace, to the regulation of
traffic, the verification of the antecedents of citizens and immigrants for various
official purposes and the execution of various orders of the judiciary.
Many of these functions involve gathering, sharing and analyzing information
about crime and people. Information technology has a crucial role to play in these
functions since it can help in handling the ever increasing amount of information
with reference to its systematic storage as well as the speed with which it can be
retrieved, shared and analysed for quicker and better decision support.
Technology reduces the time the policeman spends on paperwork, legal
formalities and administrative functions and frees him up to perform his primary
tasks of keeping peace, and preventing and detecting crime with greater efficacy.
By infusing transparency and efficiency into his functioning, it boosts his morale
and improves the quality of his interactions with the members of the general
public. It makes them more able and in the long run, more willing, to cooperate
with him in maintaining peace and order in the society. After all, a good rapport
with the civil society is a prerequisite to good policing in any society. Moreover, a
sad reality of our times is that criminals and terrorists are well-networked and
well-informed, and equipped with state-of-the-art technology. In order to fight
them successfully, police have to be several paces ahead.
Policing in the Age of ICT
Page 11/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
As the introduction and expansion of IT in the functioning of policing became an
important priority, the police authorities decided to create a separate, dedicated
entity within the State Police Department and entrusted this key challenge to the
body. Thus the Police Computer Services (PCS) Wing came into existence. This
wing initiated the conceptualization and development of software applications,
the procurement of ICT infrastructure (hardware, software and netware), the
setting up of a strong communications' infrastructure for networking both within
individual Police units and across all the Police Units in the state, the building up
of physical infrastructure, the introduction of changes in the management of
processes including organizational ones as appropriate, and also the
systemization and standardization of all these efforts.
As per the proceedings of RC.No. 215/R2/99 dated 06-07-1999 of the DG & IGP,
A.P, Hyderabad, the Police Computer Services, Hyderabad was bifurcated from
the State Crime Records Bureau. These proceedings were ratified by the
Government through G.O. Rt No. 4219 Home (Pol-D) Dept. dated 24-12-1999.
While the SCRB was placed under direct control & supervision of theAddl. DGP
CID, Hyderabad, the PCS was created as an independent unit.
The Setting up of the PCS
Page 12/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Vision
Mission
Core Values
: An Information Centric police department that is well-connected with
the civil society, leveraging ICT to provide efficient service delivery to the citizen
of the State in order to minimize Crime and provide an environment for well-
being and confident action.
: Facilitate the computerization of A. P. Police to meet the needs of the
public with state-of-the-art technology.
:
PCS is committed to facilitate all aspects of policing including crime
prevention, investigation, traffic and law & order maintenance
through ICT enabled solutions.
Ability to provide access to information on a real time basis across all
locations of theAndhra Pradesh Police Department is crucial to the PCS.As a
wing that works between millions of citizens and tens of thousands of police
officers of different categories, this wing strives to make its interfaces most
user-friendly and simple.
The PCS always conceives of products, services and applications that can be
extended to permit more and more functions to seamlessly merge onto a
common IT platform, which can be deployed quickly and effectively across
multiple, scattered locations. The planning of technical architecture that can
provide such extensibility is given prime status by the PCS.
The PCS team believes in open source software to ensure the above
objectives and keeps maintenance costs for all the infrastructure within
sustainable norms.
Capacity building both of technology and human resources is considered to
be of prime importance to the PCS team. All the projects are worked out
around a well-structured training programme.
Vision, Mission and Core Values
•
•
•
•
•
Page 13/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
ICT offers tremendous benefits through better connectivity in information
sharing, collaborated action on real time basis and in providing decision support
via the analysis of consolidated information across different dimensions like time,
geography and processes.
For example, let us consider the hypothetical case of a child that has been
reported as missing at one Police Station. If many other children have gone
missing in different near-by locations, this would get reported across different
Police Stations depending on the jurisdiction of the residence of the missing
children. Taken in isolation, one missing child episode renders a typical case that
has to be investigated using standard laid-down norms. However, through
information sharing and consolidation carried out automatically via ICT
solutions, if several similar cases are discovered, then the investigation takes on a
different approach. Not only does it portray specific and repetitive criminal
action (possibly by a set of repeat offenders), but analysis of this information
historically and geographically, helps the police personnel in their investigations,
and also alerts the general public. Further, as the data is shared on a real time basis,
the Police can collaborate across different Police Stations in prevention and
investigation of such events.
To give another example, knowledge of the crime history of each
place/time/person helps in preventing crime and untoward events. Thus, if a
policeman knows the history of violence in a station area for the past ten years, he
can spot the flash points of riots and other crimes, especially during specific,
sensitive occasions. This helps the police force to be better prepared at such times
and in such areas. However, it is impossible for individual policemen to retain
such data or remain in a place where they can be consulted whenever necessary.
Even if such data is documented in station records, one would need to laboriously
go through it, a process that is akin to looking for the proverbial needle in a
haystack. Typically, experienced Police personnel who have been associated
Benefits of ICT in Policing
Page 14/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
with a specific location for sufficient time duration, would be able to leverage
their experiential knowledge in this regard. However, if this knowledge is
recorded and made easily accessible and amenable for decision support via an
ICT application, the department benefits tremendously. Further, this knowledge
can be consolidated for sharing across different locations as well as for improving
overall system functioning and reducing person dependency.
For the Police, computerization will facilitate faster exchange of critical
information between various departments and police stations. It will lead to a
substantial reduction in paperwork and free up personnel to focus on their core
work, an urgent need in a department like the Police that face a perennial
shortage of person-power.
The centralized information database with rapid retrieval systems would help
streamline decision making process for the Police across the entire State.. The
strength of the system lies in providing information-access on a real time basis,
enabling information consolidation at a central repository (which helps in
analysis) and in facilitating for collaborated decision-making (both internal and
external).
Page 15/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Benefits of ICT in Policing
Doing something for the first time is never easy. During the early stages of its
existence the PCS faced several problems.
First of all, it was necessary to identify systems and processes that were to be
computerized. In order to do this, all the well defined processes of the police
department including Crime Reporting, Investigation, Crime Prevention, Traffic,
Interaction with other Governmental Bodies and Internal Administrationhad to
be studied. After identifying the information elements and studying the Police
organization structure with the Police Station as the final Service Delivery point,
an analysis of all those functions that could be automated was performed. Only
after such an analysis could the actual computerization process start.
The next key challenge was to ensure proper involvement of the end user
throughout the ICT efforts to help maximize easy user acceptance. This had to be
carefully planned with a fine balance between collecting as much data as possible
without burdening the end users and providing immediate, simple benefits for the
end user to incentivize the user to use the application. As the systems evolved
further, more data had to be captured across the State and this was done in a
phased manner to help in easy, step by step implementation with minimal user
resistance.
In addition to the above, standardization of data that is being used in processes
was essential to enable computerization and consolidation for data
interoperability and future functionality focus towards data warehousing and
data mining.
Other than study, systemization and computerization (along with necessary
standardization of data elements), it was necessary to establish a plan for
enhancing the capacity of the personnel through training programmes on a
continual basis. From the DGPto the lowest ranked constable, everyone had to be
The Challenges of Computerization
Page 16/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
made proficient in working in an ICT environment, and in using technology to
gather, maintain, share and access information from the state-wide corpus of it.
Without these being achieved, the computerization of the force would neither be
sustainable nor useful to society in the long run.
Page 17/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
The Challenges of Computerization
The PCS understands the need to develop an organizational setup to handle the
central application/ data repository as well as undertake district-level initiatives
and requirements like training via district level IT teams. Having trained
personnel at the district level would enable the decentralization of field-level
decision making, the delegation of tasks down the hierarchy and most crucially,
the implementation and usage of ICT based operations across all 2500+ locations
in the state through application implementation and deployment.
The coordination and control of all the IT activities is handled by the PCS, lead by
the Inspector General (IG) and supported by the Deputy Inspector General (DIG).
Unit/District level IT teams support these activities at the field level. Typically,
these teams are about 10 to 15 personnel strong and are lead by an officer of the
rank ofAdditional Superintendent (Addl. SP).
At present, the PCS has five functional teams with roles focused on
infrastructural operations, interaction with field implementation teams, co-
ordination with software development vendors, management of database and of
core data centre. The teams are known as Data Centre Core Team, Operations
Team, Tech Team, DBATeam and Software Development Team.
For supporting the implementation of IT initiatives across the state, the PCS has
taken help from other sections within the Police Department to leverage their
existing presence and skills. The Police Communications Department has
deputed dedicated staff across the state for supporting ICT infrastructure. This IT
Core Team staff is responsible for maintaining the hardware, software and
networking environments of IT related infrastructure in each district / unit. Once
developed, the ownership of each application is typically handled to the
department/wing whose functions the application finally supports.
How does the PCS Work?
Page 18/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
The Police Computer Services perform the work of proposing, planning and
implementing the automation of Police Administration and functional processes
through computerization. This involves detailed planning of
Software requirements
Hardware selection
Networking options & Connectivity
Database Management
Interaction with hardware/netware vendors,
Providing domain level support for Software developers
Creating Citizen Services
Deciding on maintenance issues and
Planning inter-departmental interfaces.
Besides, the PCS also supervises and monitors the maintenance of the Data
Centre and the Usage of applications/ databases hosted on the police Intranet.
Further, this wing also projects any need to organize training courses for IT core
team members in districts and units on the basics of computers as well as on
specialized technical areas and the usage of various applications developed and
implemented by them. They monitor the training activities taken up by these core
teams in their respective Districts / Units.
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Responsibilities of the PCS
Page 19/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Smt. Aruna Bahuguna IPS, the first Director and IGP of the PCS made it a
separate entity within the department in 1998. During her tenure, the primary
thrust of the work of the PCS was on the infrastructure build-up including
procurement of hardware and the collection and digitizing of data and records,
wherever needed. The summary statements and about 20 forms that each police
station needed to be sent to the National Crime Bureau were getting
computerized at this stage.
During the tenure of Sri S.V. Ramana Murthy, IPS, a comprehensive study was
conducted throughout the entire Department to identify modules and systems and
to start computerization. The PCS collaborated with M/S CMC Ltd., a public
sector company, and started the process of computerization of several identified
modules.
The focus at this stage was on the computerization of the Crime Recording and
A Brief History of the Evolution of the PCS
Page 20/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
List of Officers who lead the Computerization of Police
Smt. Aruna Bahuguna, IPS 12-06-1998 to 26-08-1999
(in her capacity as Director,SCRB) and as IG from 26-08-1999 to 25-05-2001
Sri. SSP Yadav, IPS 08-01-1992 to 13-02-1995
Sri. Kamal Kumar, IPS 13-02-1995 to 11-06-1998
27-05-2001 to 05-01-2005Sri. S.V. Ramana Murthy, IPS
Sri. Vinay Ranjan Ray, IPS 05-01-2005 to 09-01-2007
Sri. M. Mahendar Reddy, IPS 10-01-2007 to 01-09-2008
Sri. T. Krishna Prasad IPS, 01-09-2008 OnwardsD i r e c t o r , P o l i c eCommunicat ions holdingAdditional Charge as IGP, PCS
Investigation process. The first version of Electronic Computerization of Police
Services, eCOPS, was rolled out during this period. This version of eCOPS was
on a client server architecture, in a distributed database model requiring regular
transfer of data through e-mails. This required servers at each unit headquarters
and database-driven applications to be loaded at each Police Station. All
modifications/and rectifications had to be updated at each server. Though
maintenance was tough and expensive, it was a good learning experience and
PCS activities got stabilized during this period.
In 2005, Sri Vinay Ranjan Ray, IPS, with the help of rapidly emerging technology
environments, took the decision of shifting the entire process from the client
server platform to a web-enabled one.
Rendering the system web-enabled allowed anytime-anywhere operations,
minimized field-level maintenance cost, allowed quicker turn around times for
new, improved application rollouts and also provided a mechanism to
consolidate information at a central location thus providing the correct impetus
for data warehousing, mining and analysis in future. It was during this same
period that a data centre was established in Hyderabad, which was inaugurated by
the Chief Minister, Sri.Y.S. Rajasekhara Reddy.
During the tenure of Sri M. Mahendar Reddy, IPS, the advantages of a Data
Centre driven model was fully utilized and the Intranet portal providing a slew of
police applications, accessible all over the State, was developed. The Intranet
portal gained a proper structure and design and became a very easy interface to
handle.
By 2008, the culture of computerization had struck deep roots in the ways of
functioning of the department.
Page 21/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
A Brief History of the Evolution of the PCS
Sri T. Krishna Prasad IPS, the current IGP, is concentrating on the enterprise
mode of computerizing, wherein all relevant cohesive operations and
applications are merged onto one single platform providing a seamless
experience to the end user along with combining the benefits of all the existing
applications. This Enterprise eCOPS will be a major upgrade over the existing
application. It will also incorporate appropriate technologies to render it for easy
integration across different applications external to the Police Department (the
Passport Application for example). The Enterprise eCOPS initiative will be a
significant step towards performance, scalability and extensibility of ICT driven
services that are provided by the Police department.
During this period, AP Police has entered a new IT era
.
There is also a plan to merge information and communication within the police
force. As computers help organize, collate and analyze data and derive
information, and the communication setup ensures that this information is
available across the organization for decision support and action, a merger of
these two functionalities is perceived to be necessary for smoother functioning
and quicker resolutions. The department is now formalizing such a merger of the
Police Communication Wing and Police Computer Services.
. From the first of
January 2009 onwards, each and every Police Station in AP began issuing
FIRs online
Page 22/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
A Brief History of the Evolution of the PCS
The Police Computer Services (PCS) is headquartered at the police headquarters
in Hyderabad. The data centre is located in the PCS premises. The PCS also has
the infrastructure for sustaining about 10-15 of its staff as well as computer
workplaces for providing development support to any team of about 15-20
persons. A conference room and a training room with appropriate e-classroom
facilities are available.
The ICT solutions incorporated by the PCS follow an open source policy,
typically using the Java based frameworks. The Database Management
functionality is provided by an Enterprise Oracle database. All others are java-
based. Specific attention has been given to interoperability across different
systems with data integration via SOAand XML.
The procurement of new machines is typically done with the purchase of OS
licenses. There is a drive to go in for Linux based systems with Open Office for
future procurements. PCS&S deployed 42 servers in its Data Centre and installed
5000 systems across the State in November 2008. Each and every Police Station
in the State has at least one Computer. All these computers across the
organization are connected locally on the LAN. Applications are being
developed in a web-environment with a centralized data centre (at the police
headquarters at Hyderabad), built to host all these applications.
The department has encouraged each unit district to develop a relationship with
local vendors for hardware and networking support and maintenance. This
improves the overall uptime of all systems and hence proves to be more
economical.
Infrastructure
Page 23/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
The communication network of the department connects each police station in
the state across the entire organizational hierarchy, with the police headquarters.
The computers at the lowest level of hierarchy would need to have just the basic
operating systems for browser based support. In addition, simple office
applications would be available for local usage.
The connectivity across all these police stations is currently via combinations of
dial-up based phone lines, CDMA wireless connections, State wide WAN
(APSWAN) and DSL broadband. The quality of the bandwidth available varies
and it is difficult to host applications demanding higher connectivity. The PCS
has outsourced the entire connectivity responsibility to BSNL by entering into a
partnership with them. BSNL would also keep on evolving solutions towards a
better communication infrastructure as and when such alternatives are developed.
The PCS also constantly invites and receives feedback from the users of various
applications through IT Core Team Members and furnishes such feedback to the
appropriate teams for further action. Bug related feedback is reported to the
Development Team, so that the latter can rectify shortcomings in the principal
software and make the necessary modifications to it. A Help Desk has been
established at the Police Computer Services for the registration of Complaints
and rectification of the problems relating to the Hardware, Software, Network,
Internet, and Applications from all the Districts and Units in the Police
Department including the Headquarters.
Communication Framework
Page 24/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Through collaborations on the computerization of citizen-facing duties and for
back end support, the PCS works to enrich the link between the police department
and similar departments to form an integral citizen-service network. We help the
units of the AP Police collaborate with each other as well as with other
government departments such as the Passport Office, Courts, prominent
Hospitals, the Road Transport Authority, the e-Seva network, the Public
Distribution System (for a Data base for Ration cards) and all the prisons.
Along with the partnership with BSNL on connectivity, we also liaise with
various Government and Public Sector bodies such as the IT & C Department and
NIC for getting technical solutions and guidance in the task of networking all
Police Stations in the State with the Central Data Centre through Broadband
internet, CDMA, Dial-up connectivity, etc.
Collaborations
Page 25/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Applications for public interactions are primarily focused on providing
information and seeking collaborative support wherever possible for support in
Policing. The public are given access to the applications via the website
(apstatepolice.org).
The website (apstatepolice.org) provides the public collaboration interface,
where a citizen can avail information about the status of various tasks for which
they approach the police station as well as share any information that they might
like the Police to know of. Availability of information such as the status of any
case in a police station/court, passport verification, traffic challan and document
delivery status make things a lot easier for the public. Further, this approach helps
in enhancing the transparency of the police as a law enforcing body and reduces
the citizen's dependence on officialdom.
The more secured framework that was required for applications involving
information sharing/collaboration within the Police Department is provided via
the intranet portal used privately by the police personnel.
All the above applications are hosted at the centralized, secured Data Centre
located at the Police Headquarters.
The primary application that provides basic operational support for Citizen
Service Delivery is the Electronic Computerisation of Police Services (eCOPS)
application. eCOPS is the first significant step towards the integration of the
state-of-art IT infrastructure within theAndhra Pradesh State Police Department.
It provides a platform for computerizing all key investigation operations from
filing an F.I.R. through creating the final Charge sheet. eCops is accessible across
hierarchy levels and State-wide locations so as to enable the easy accessibility of
information throughout the department and it facilitates faster and better
decision-making and crime prevention via information collation and
collaborative action.
Application Categories & Key Applications
Page 26/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Whenever a Crime occurs and a complaint is registered, there is a lot of
associated Crime data that needs to be analysed such as the vehicle number, ID
card or phone number. For example, if the number of a car is available, it is
important that the details of the owner are also available for the police personnel
immediately. The ThirdEyeApplication, is a database driven search software that
helps in Crime investigation by providing information regarding mobile phones,
telephones, passports, ration-cards, voter-ids, vehicle registrations etc..
Details of repeat offenders, if available in a consolidated manner in a database,
can help the Police force identify Crime patterns faster. This provides substantial
support in Crime Investigations. The application that makes details of criminals,
their behavioral patterns and crime history accessible is known as the Criminal
Intelligence System.
Another application, the e-challan system allows the police personnel to issue
challans by post using ICT methods- and helps bring down traffic violations by
making the citizens learn that they can be traced easily and thereby helping crime
prevention.
The A P Police Messaging System provides a customized and secured interface
for communication within the Police department.
Other applications provided via the intranet are Issue Tracking System enabling
the end user to post and track issues regarding IT service delivery; File
Movement and tracking System that helps one to know the status of a file; and
information sharing links such as manuals of investigation, encyclopedia of
Indian laws andAPPolice Manual.
Many internal Police administrative functions have also been computerized, the
most important of them being Police Office onLine Information System (POLIS)
Page 27/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Application Categories & Key Applications
that stores and consolidates details of each staff of the department. Some other
computerized functions are financial accounting, the management of stores and
procurement, the budget management, the vehicular & workshop management
system, traffic, passport and immigration processing, file movement and tracking,
audit, accommodation, company operations, license monitoring, public
grievances redressal, Assembly questions compilation and interfaces with the
Road TransportAuthority, e-Seva and other Citizen Services.
The PCS is also venturing into working with newer technologies such as, Radio
Frequency Identification technology (for possible tagging and tracking a product
or person using radio waves), Geographical Information System (for integrating
with the station crime history and analyzing them historically and
geographically), Global Positioning Systems (for getting the exact location in
which the person is stationed), and Biometric data such as finger prints, retina
recognition, eye rays, facial recognition and DNA test (for authenticating people
as well as in investigating cases).
Page 28/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Application Categories & Key Applications
The total number of personnel in the AP Police Department across the state is
over 100,000, spread out over about 50 different units. A unit is either a district
(like Medak) or an administrative entity (like a battalion). The State-wide
deployment of IT applications implies that all personnel, including Station
Writers, Court Constables, Inspector Writers & Camp Clerks, across all the units
have to be trained to a sufficient degree, for which three kinds of users have been
identified: end users, admin users and operators.
Training of such large number of personnel (over 1,00,000) needs a graduated
approach with several trainers being identified at the unit level to impart training
within the units. The trainers in turn have to be trained at the headquarters and
have to be provided support in terms of logistics, training material, schedules,
course curriculums, methods of evaluation and feedback, etc. The department
has already identified trainers across units and the process of training at both
levels (trainers and end user students) is followed currently.
IT Training has been made mandatory for Police recruits during their Induction
Training at Police Training Camps.
This effort of training (which will be a continuous year-round process) needs to
be made with properly coordinated planning. One of the advantages that the AP
Police enjoys with regard to all this is the fact that most police personnel in the
state have a working knowledge of English.
Along with class room training, the PCS has also developed standardized web-
based training modules in the operation of the above systems, for greater ease of
use and cost effectiveness. There are also computer based tests for different
applications. The faculty for the class room training is arranged in liaison with the
NationalAcademy of Construction.
Training
Page 29/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
After standardization, systematization, planning, procurement, development and
capacity building for the end users, comes incessant follow up and steady
monitoring. If the track of computerization is not well-kept from data entry
onwards, it is prone to falling midway.
Applications are developed in a manner that allows the Director General of
Police to access any latest information / data from any location across the State.
The top level management, including the IG, interacts with station-heads through
regular video conferences in order to clearly understand the difficulties and
issues in working their way through ICT all over the state.
Follow Up
Page 30/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
The concept of e-governance has made its way with Andhra Pradesh leading the
country in the field of technological advances. With the launch of eCOPS in June
2002 and later its statewide deployment on the web-enabled platform in 2008,
Andhra Pradesh became the first state in India to introduce a state-wide online
police network to improve the performance of state police units in controlling
crime, maintaining law and order, and in administration. The connectivity across
each of the police locations helps in saving of time on record maintenance, in
minimization of duplicated work and in smoothening of processes to reduce the
workload of the A P police while making it a more friendly organization with
better output. What is more of an achievement in equipping the police force to
access and deploy data any where, any time and analyse them on real time basis is
the extremely cost effective manner in which the process got developed and the
wise use of technology and existing infrastructure that kept the maintenance
expenses minimum.
The fact that the ventures of AP Police have become an inspiration in e-
governance has been confirmed by the recent initiatives of the police forces of
Karnataka and West Bengal, who have come a good deal forward on a similar
road, completing some pilot projects. Other state governments have also planned
developments in this direction.
E-governance is touted by many as the next great Indian revolution. Beyond the
hype, however, is a growing movement in India and other Asian countries to
experiment with governance-through-Internet. Governments of all political
persuasions will feel the pressure to adapt their machinery to advances in ICT.
The e-government environment meaning- less red tape, more transparent
regulations, easier interactions-is where all will need to go and A P Police,
through visionary steps and incessant work at all levels, have managed to
inculcate the “why” of IT in the minds of the police force all over the state. The
bold step taken ten years ago was followed up by an implementation scheme with
Where is the PCS now?
Page 31/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
an eye for the detail in a department that spans across 1,00,000+ people. The
adaptability to newer technological possibilities, innovative thinking and defined
processes and its “long term vision; short term plans” mode enabled the PCS to
make its way through the initial years of difficulties and evolve with time.
The ventures of the PCS has received due recognition and accolades: eCOPS
bagged the NationalAward for exemplary eGovernance initiative of Government
ofA.P. TheAward was presented to the then the then Inspector General of the PCS,
Sri. S.V.Ramana Murthy, I.P.S by the Hon'ble Deputy Prime Minister of India
Shri. L.K.Advani on 13th November 2003 at the inaugural session of 7th
National Conference of eGovernance at Chennai.
The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) also spearheads a National Level
Initiative for computerization of Police Departments for all the States in India.
This programme started off with the CIPA (Common Integrated Police
Application) that seeks to automate all functions carried out at the Police Stations.
The CIPA programme is now evolving into the CCTNS (Crime & Criminal
Tracking Network System) programme which has a much broader agenda and
includes aspects regarding networking infratructure, person power deployment
for operations and Management and enhanced application functionality, beyond
the scope envisaged by CIPA.
In essence CIPA also is following an approach that was followed by eCOPS as it
evolved- from a client server stand-alone system at police stations towards a web-
enabled data-centre based enterprise application that helps collate and analyze all
the information across the State. Further, CIPA faces unique challenges
pertaining vast disparities towards computerization readiness across the different
States of India.
The eCOPS initiative has already incorporated all the above learnings and has
Page 32/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Where is the PCS now?
evolved towards a web-based application. Further, the Andhra Pradesh Police
realize the critical importance of allowing seamless data sharing across the
systems in different States and hence has incorporated appropriate technologies
like SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) and XML (Extensible Markup
Language) based messaging in the eCops framework to enable easier future
integration with National and International Databases and applications used
across the entire Justice Delivery System.
Page 33/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Where is the PCS now?
The PCS is now planning a consolidation of various applications that it has
developed over the last few years and increase its effectiveness. For example, a
synergizing of eCOPS and 3 eye is already in the pilot phase. Through this, the
details given in an FIR would also search the 3 eye data bank and give details of
the vehicle/person involved without any manual involvement. Thus the PCS is
moving towards unifying the various applications that have been developed
through single access points at the interface and also through synergizing various
applications. Such an “enterprise' model of eCOPS will further add to the pace
and exactitude of the system. For eCOPS, it is now a phase of extension and
rebranding by integrating it with other already functioning applications, so as to
have a single platform for the delivery of multiple diverse services. The Intranet
Portal that encompasses all applications will thus emerge into “enterprise
eCOPS”.
The AP Police has already embarked on providing total information exchange
capability across all its units. Some of these units are the AP Special Police, the
CID and the Vigilance and Anti-Corruption Bureau. We also envision the linking
of Police Department with other departments such as the Passport Office, the
Regional Transport Authority, etc. In the long-term, we hope to link the APPD
with the Police Departments of other states in the country and even link the
eCOPS database with national databases on crime and law and order.
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Enterprise eCOPS: The Road Ahead
Page 34/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
The IT-fication of a large government department needs to be carefully planned
keeping several facets in mind. The PCS is aware of the need to have a long-term
planning perspective to guide the IT evolution within the department and has also
documented a roadmap with the help of professional support from NISG
(National Institute of Smart Governance).
The roadmap for future evolution of Police Computer Services can be discussed
in five categories:
The data centre remains the key component for all applications that are deployed
across the State. Such centralized deployment model enables the department to
quickly release newer applications, minimize maintenance costs at the field level
since only simple browser-capable systems are necessary at this level and enables
the consolidation of State-wide data to help in analysis for better decision support.
The existing Data Centre continues to evolve into a better infrastructure to
provide enhanced robustness, better performance and 24*7 availability. The
scalability and performance issues are being improved by bringing in
infrastructure like SAN (Storage Area Network) and Blade servers along with
clustering of applications and databases. Security upgradation is done within the
declared framework of Militarized and Non-Militarized zones with a clear
separation between the internal (intranet) network and the 'external interface'
(internet) network. The PCS is also in the process of setting up a Disaster
Recovery (DR) System to provide continual availability of the Data Centre
Services, in a phased manner, which also requires a good deal of organizational
support.
1. Data Centre
Route Map
Page 35/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
2.Applications
3. Hardware & Networking
One of the focal areas of the PCS team in the time to come is that of embedding
the applications in personal digital assistants such as cell phones or blackberries,
as these gadgets will fast become an integral part of modern living. The technical
architecture is designed to support interoperability. Single sign on interfaces are
being planned to enable police personnel to access various applications with a
single login and password.
Other projects and proposals include improved messenger systems for secured
communication, database interfaces from other Government departments for
alerts regarding certificate fraud detections, person identifications, security
access systems and so on. Further, all the SHO operations at police station court
monitoring systems etc are being envisaged. The overarching principle is to
strengthen and support the investigation officers in detecting criminal case vis-à-
vis mere dashboards.
All field locations (upwards of 1600) have in total more than 5200 computers
connected across local and wide area networks. It is important to ensure that the
basic hardware and networking are available on a 24 by 7 basis for the police
personnel.
The PCS is already on the job of trying to bring all the hardware and networking
infrastructure across the State onto a standard norm with respect to the quantity of
computing power available as well as the uniformity of system software
resources needed. Maintenance of this infrastructure is done using local support
available across the State.
Page 36/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Route Map
There is a need to provide a centralized team and framework for hardware and
networking support. A Hardware and Networking Laboratory is being
established at the Police Communications Office to train technical police
personnel for providing such support. In the near future, the department
envisages complete support of such equipment solely through internal resources.
The PCS also plans to set up a central Project Management Office (PMO) with a
core staff experienced in IT project management, to manage all the IT initiatives.
TheAP Police Department has over 1.2 lakh personnel. All these personnel have
to be trained on usage of computers so that they are capable of utilizing the
available computer resources in an optimum manner. As on date, on an average,
each police station in the state has about 4-5 computer literates who can use
eCOPS applications. In about 3 years, all the field staff should be in a position to
implement the core applications such as eCOPS.
On the human resource infrastructure front, identifying, training and upgrading
are keys to improve productivity, which the PCS will continue doing making the
best of use of e-learning modules such as computer based tests.
Since training is a continual process, the PCS has embarked upon standardized
course contents and programmes for training of trainers to help disseminate
quality training in a uniform manner across the State. Periodic Training-Need-
Analysis (TNA) exercises are being carried out to enable continual fine tuning of
such training needs.
4. Skill Upgradation across all Police Personnel
Page 37/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Route Map
5. Internal Team Development for SoftwareApplications
Development of Software applications for the Police Department needs to have
person power resources to help conceptualize, plan, develop, implement and
monitor software applications that help effectively improve the productivity of
the Police Personnel across the State.
Typically, the conceptualization and implementation support for such application
development programmes was provided by officers of the PCS while the actual
software was developed by professional third parties.
The Police Department seeks to develop its internal technical resources and
increase their contribution from domain expertise provision and implementation
support to actual development and maintenance support. Such level of technical
preparedness needs detailed long term planning for which appropriate training is
now provided for the personnel with appropriate technical orientation. In future,
the PCS hopes that the internal police personnel will be capable of providing
most of the maintenance support for all deployed software applications. Further,
these trained personnel can also help build small applications focused on specific
functional areas of the Department. All such small applications would be added
onto the existing framework of the Enterprise eCops.
At a time when technology is growing rapidly, the PCS team is looking forward to
bring the fruits of it to the Police force by deftly harnessing the possibilities of
new age technologies and the needs of the people, drawing on the lessons of the
last ten years.
Page 38/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Route Map
This document testifies what the vision, commitment and hard work of a number
of persons at the PCS have done to take the Andhra Police to the digital age. Its
evolution in the last decade also testifies the emergence of technology over the
period and wise deployment of it from time to time. We, at the PCS, convey our
best thanks to the people of Andhra Pradesh and India for enabling us in this
venture. We also hope to be able to keep up and improve our performance in the
days to come, for a better society and a happier living for all.
Conclusion
Page 39/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Appendix 1: Organizational Structure
Staff Structure:- The sanction and present Staff structure in PCS is as follows:
1. Inspector General of Police (PCS) 1 1 Nil
2. Dy. Inspector General of Police (PCS) 1 Nil 1
3. Superintendent of Police (PCS). 1 Nil 1
4. Dy. Superintendent of Police 6 2 4
5. Inspector of Police 2 1 1
6. SIs of Police 4 3 1
7. Head Constables 4 2 2
8. Police Constables 3 3 Nil
9. Inspectors of Police 2 2 Nil
10. Sub-Inspector of Police 3 2 1
11. Asst. Director (Computer) 2 Nil 2
12. Associate Systems Analysts 2 Nil 2
13. 8 6
Police Computer Services (Nil)
Attached to CID / SCRB
14. 18 14
Police Computer Services
Attached to SCRB
Attached to Addl. DGP (P&L),Peshi
15. Office Supdt. 1 1 Nil
16. Sr. Assistants 2 2 Nil
17. Sr. Steno 1 1 Nil
18. Jr. Assistants 2 Nil 2
19. Typist 1 1 Nil
20. Record Assistants 1 1 Nil
Core-Group
Technical
Programmers : 2
(2-working)
Data Entry Operators : 4
(2-working)
(1-working)
(1-working)
Ministerial
Total Strength 65 28 37
Sl.No.
Name of the Post SanctionedStrength
PresentStrength
Vacant
Page 40/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Appendix 2 : Success Story 1
The 3 eye has already played a pivotal role in the apprehension of criminals in
some cases. The most sensational of these was the murder of Manda Bhushaiah
by his son-in-law Appireddy Raju, on the evening of 15.05.2008 at Nellipaka
village of Bhadrachalam Mandal.
The culprit, who had married his wife, Manda Aruna in 2002, was from a
different caste. This fact, and the marriage itself, were a constant source of
chagrin to his father-in-law. Bhushaiah never passed up an opportunity to try and
break up the marriage, and had furious altercations with Raju on several
occasions as a result of this attitude.
In 2004, when Raju committed a property offence, his father-in-law tried
unsuccessfully to persuade his daughter not to bail out her husband. In 2008, a
little over a week before the murder,Appireddy Raju tried to assault his father-in-
law with a pestle, but ended up injuring his brother-in-law. Raju was taken into
custody but was once again bailed out by his wife against the insistent advice of
her father. On the evening of the murder he had a quarrel with his wife and was
beating her, when Manda Bhushaiah intervened on his daughter's side, only to be
bludgeoned to death.
The murder was reported on the same night by the victim's wife and a case
registered at the Bhadrachalam Rural PS. Raju had fled the spot for Vijayawada.
From there he called his wife on her mobile phone from coin operated pay phones
at various places. He asked her to come to Khammam town and she obeyed. What
he didn't know was the fact that 2 teams of constables were accompanying her. In
the meanwhile, the SI at Bhadarchalam had opened the 3 eye tool and was able to
get the addresses of all the pay phones from which Raju called. He kept passing
on this information to the accompanying constables and they eventually
apprehended the culprit, dramatically, as he was making a final phone call
directing his wife to a proposed rendezvous.
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Page 41/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Other Stories
In the above case, we have seen the efficacy of the 3 Eye in tracking down
criminals through the telephones they use. Another powerful tool which forms
part of the 3 Eye is the Vehicle Tracking System (VTS). Using this, the police
can track vehicles that have been stolen or involved in hit and run cases, even if
the registration number or ownership of those vehicles is changed after the crime.
This is simply because the database contains the engine and chassis number of all
vehicles in addition to their registration numbers and details pertaining to their
first owners.
In 10-20 cases from Karimnagar, Prakasam and Visakhapatnam districts, and
others from Hyderabad city, vehicles have been seized at check points from
suspicious looking riders and restored to their rightful owners.
In a fascinating case, a vehicle which was stolen in one district was found in
another and restored to its owner in a third! An abandoned Bajaj Pulsar bearing
the registration numberAP27 1948 was found within the Gambhiraopet PS limits
(Karimnagar District) on the morning of 08.02.07. The SI of Gambhiraopet with
the help of IT Core Team fed the number into the VTS only to find that it actually
belonged to a Rajdoot motor cycle. The team then fed the engine number of the
vehicle into the system and the actual registration number was revealed to be
AP36 P2503 (Bajaj Pulsar). The ownership of the vehicle, which was worth
Rs. 45,000, was traced to K. Sammi Reddy of Hanamkonda. The vehicle, the
grateful owner revealed, had been stolen from Siddipet, Medak district.
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Page 42/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Hit and Run Cases
In West Godavari district alone, a staggering 59 out of 92 theft and hit and run
cases have been solved using the VTS. A thrilling example was a case registered
in 2006 in Bhimadolu. The local police managed to get the registration number of
the vehicle and with that they traced the ownership. In July 2006, when they
finally arrested the absconding owner of the Bhimadolu incident while he was
driving another vehicle, the one involved in the crime had changed hands no less
than 5 times!
In another such tragic hit and run case in Bejjanki, Karimnagar district, the local
SI traced the victim only through his vehicle number on the VTS and was able to
hand over his body to his kin.
Page 43/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Appendix 3: eLXNeCOPS
During the Lok Sabha polls of 2009, the PCS team came up with a new module of
eCOPS, specially titled eLXNeCOPS. The election process is a period of
gruelling work and massive documentation for the police. Every single move
needs to be planned, shared and made available. This used to require enormous
amount of work, as data had to be transferred quickly too. For the 2009 elections,
the PCS team equipped the police force with eLXNeCOPS where a separate
election cell messaging system and user IDs, both group and individual, were
established. All the circulars, bandobust schemes, daily situation reports, details
of force deployment, preventive actions, formats and communications were
available online. This enabled authorized personnel to upload circulars from
anywhere. Major law and order incidents were logged and public meetings
chartered.
Page 44/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
Appendix 4: Data Centre Evolution
Page 45/48Andhra Pradesh Police Computer Services
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