philosophy course

Tenseless Time

PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION

GROUP MEMBERS

1158025- Hứa Bảo Duy

1158030- Nguyễn Thị Phương Hà

1158002- Phạm Thùy An

1158031- Trần Nhật Hạ

1158018- Hoàng Lê Trang Đài

Stoicism

Zeno

(c. 333 – 264 BCE)The Stoics believed the man’s

will was predetermined.

Everything in the universe is

governed by a fixed and

unchanging law. Nothing is

contingency. Man is part of a

casual chain and all his actions

are the result of factors over

which he has no control.

Augustine

(c. 354 – 430) Everything in the world is a part

of God.

God created the universe from

nothing.

In the beginning, God

predetermined everything so that

he knew what would happen to

all his creations throughout

eternity.

Apologist

J. M. E. McTaggart

(1866 - 1925) He believed that our

perception of time is an

illusion.

He introduced the notions of

the "A series" and "B series“

interpretations of time,

representing two different

ways that events in time can

be arranged

The Unreality of Time

The Unreality of Time

E

C

C

C

Series B

E

E

E

C

C

C

Series A

FATALISM THEORY

According to the Fatalism theory, “everything that happens must

happen and there is nothing we can do about it, since the casual

agency is beyond our control or influence, instead of brooding about

the course of event past, present, and future, we ought to accept the

prevailing state of affairs – what occurs must occur”.

Sam try to change the past in order to save his young sister

but he indirectly create a mass murder.

Butterfly Effect 3

Effect

Cause

Save Jenna / ignore Jenna’s fate

Many people are killed

The human are only a small element in a sequence of events that has

been arranged by the fate.

We just only contribute a small part to improve the drawback but we

cannot change what will happen.

We can never change the truth and we must face that.

Butterfly Effect 3

Butterfly Effect 3

According to Stoic Determinism: “Everything that happens,

happens for a reason, and the reason is the plan of the cosmic

rational element, there is complete determinism in nature.”

Butterfly Effect 3

The first cause is very important.

The effect is beyond our control.

Hard Determinism

Sam (the main character) believes his choice and decision.

The problem of free will and

determinism

Sam cannot escape the cruel cycle of the destiny, he is forever slaves

to it so his real choice is not exist.

Because of the result of his action is unchanged, he is not morally

responsible for his actions.

The problem of free will and

determinism

Causal determinism is

true

Free will does not

exist

You are not morally

responsible for your actions

Hard Determinism

Questions ?

Thank you for your listening