php without php—ipc

PHP without PHPThe Philosophy of Good

Architecture

terry chay2009-05-27T14:15+0200

International PHP ConferenceBerlin, Germany

Funky CachingPrologue #1

aka

ErrorDocument trick

Smarter Caching

… Rasmus’s Trick (Stig’s trick)

Go into apache.conf (or .htaccess) and

ErrorDocument 404 /error.php

$filepath = parse_url($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], PHP_URL_PATH); //or $_SERVER['REDIRECT_URL']$basepath = dirname(__FILE__).DIR_SEP; // Test to see if you can work with itif (false) { //…EDIT…    //output a 404 page    include('404.html'); // see http://www.alistapart.com/articles/perfect404/ for tips    return;} // Generate the file// …EDIT…$data = 'something'; // Don't send 404 back, send 200 OK because this is a pretty smart 404// not a clueless one! http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=404header(sprintf('%s 200', $_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL']));//Show the fileecho $data; //Store the page to bypass PHP on the next request. Use a temp file with a// link trick in order to avoid race conditions between concurrent PHP// processes.$tmpfile = tempnam($basepath.'tmp','fc');$fp = fopen($tmpfile,'w'); //remove the "_" this is crashing my blog syntax hilighterfputs($fp, $data);fclose($fp);@link($basepath.$filepath, $tmpfile); //suppress errors due to losing raceunlink($tmpfile);

Error.PHP

$filepath = parse_url($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], PHP_URL_PATH); //or $_SERVER['REDIRECT_URL']$basepath = dirname(__FILE__).DIR_SEP; // Test to see if you can work with itif (false) { //…EDIT…    //output a 404 page    include('404.html'); // see http://www.alistapart.com/articles/perfect404/ for tips    return;} // Generate the file// …EDIT…$data = 'something'; // Don't send 404 back, send 200 OK because this is a pretty smart 404// not a clueless one! http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=404header(sprintf('%s 200', $_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL']));//Show the fileecho $data; //Store the page to bypass PHP on the next request. Use a temp file with a// link trick in order to avoid race conditions between concurrent PHP// processes.$tmpfile = tempnam($basepath.'tmp','fc');$fp = fopen($tmpfile,'w'); //remove the "_" this is crashing my blog syntax hilighterfputs($fp, $data);fclose($fp);@link($basepath.$filepath, $tmpfile); //suppress errors due to losing raceunlink($tmpfile);

Error.PHP

$filepath = parse_url($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], PHP_URL_PATH); //or $_SERVER['REDIRECT_URL']$basepath = dirname(__FILE__).DIR_SEP; // Test to see if you can work with itif (false) { //…EDIT…    //output a 404 page    include('404.html'); // see http://www.alistapart.com/articles/perfect404/ for tips    return;} // Generate the file// …EDIT…$data = 'something'; // Don't send 404 back, send 200 OK because this is a pretty smart 404// not a clueless one! http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=404header(sprintf('%s 200', $_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL']));//Show the fileecho $data; //Store the page to bypass PHP on the next request. Use a temp file with a// link trick in order to avoid race conditions between concurrent PHP// processes.$tmpfile = tempnam($basepath.'tmp','fc');$fp = fopen($tmpfile,'w'); //remove the "_" this is crashing my blog syntax hilighterfputs($fp, $data);fclose($fp);@link($basepath.$filepath, $tmpfile); //suppress errors due to losing raceunlink($tmpfile);

Error.PHP

PHP without PHP

ParadigmsPrologue #2

Code CompleteThe metaphor of Code as

construction comes from this

book…

W e n o w k n o w t h i s i s fundamentally wrong…

Mythical Man Month“man-month” is a term from

construction work

The premise is that man and

months are interchangeable.

This means that in order to

reach a deadline I simply add

more people to the project.

F i r s t c o n s i d e r s o m e t h i n g l i k e

painting a fence: everything is

partionable (man-month).

…add a constant time for training.

…add communication cost: n(n-1)/2.

Compare to the unpartitionable

(single man)

Adding people to a late project

makes it later!

5

10

15

20 Tim

e t

o C

Om

pl

et

e T

itl

e

Number of People

paritionablewith trainingtraning + communicationunpartitionable

Engineer and Architect

1 Fallingwaterorganic, democratic, plasticity, continuity

…including me

Hatchway Staircase View at the main (living room) level, from the bridge (from east)

Beyond the glass Fallingwater: Living room terraces and glass walls (from east).

Fall Foliage View from lookout, downstream.

Fall Foliage View from lookout, downstream.

No barriers Detail: corner window at the guest house, from southeast.

Existing tree The trellis over the driveway is built to accommodate a tree.

Local quarry Living room, west (downstream) side, from southeast

Existing boulder Living room fireplace and hearth, looking from kitchen door to south windows

Philosophyorganic,

democratic,

plasticity,

continuity.

Why on PHP?

Harmony with Environment

Apache web server: ErrorDocument

Customer-centric: Performance paramount

Relational Database: Slow persistence

Harmony with PHP itself…

Architecture of PHP Modern web architecture

PHP is “Cheap”

“A project done in Java will cost 5 times as much, take twice as long, and be harder to maintain than a project done in a scripting language such as PHP or Perl.”

—Phillip Greenspun

PHP is “Scalable”

“That a Java servlet performs better than a PHP script, under optimal conditions [has] nothing to do with scalability. The point is can your application continue to deliver consistent performance as volume increases. PHP delegates all the ‘hard stuff’ to other systems.”

—Harry Fuecks

PHP is “Pragmatic”

“PHP is not about purity in CS principles or architecture; it is about solving the ugly web problem with an admittedly ugly, but extremely functional and convenient solution. If you are looking for purity, you are in the wrong boat. Get out now before you get hit by a wet cat!”

—Rasmus Lerdorf

2 Bellefield TowersDesign Hubris

Gothic Romanesque architecture The current Bellefield Church (two blocks away)

Other city towers Allegheny Courthouse Main Tower & Four Tower Types at Jail (and other towers)

Tower of Learning

Within spitting distance of Bellefield Towers

Carnegie Library Most iconic moment in baseball history

Why is Bellefield Towers so Ugly?

Design Hubris?Frameworks (almost by definition)

Develop in the PHP community?

Take over an existing project?

Limitations of Site Operations? Hosting? or Virtual hosting?

Business needs trump programmer desire?

Dealt with a user request?

…at Tagged

add slideshow

…at TaggedCubes

Waterfall process Oracle RAC

JavaPHP4

Zend Accelerator

Solutions Consider Environment

3 Golden Gate BridgeThe Design Pattern

the other bridge

Same problem, different pattern

Original design was hybrid cantilever-suspension.

Replaced by purse suspension

Art DecoBridge Tower, Lighting,

pedestrial walkway

International Orange

Rust colored like the environment it lives in … and

safe.

Part of the whole

Design Patterns Defined

“Each pattern describes a

problem which occurs over

a n d o v e r a g a i n i n o u r

e n v i r o n m e n t , a n d t h e n

describes the core of the

solution to that problem, in

such a way that you can use

this solution a million times

over, without ever doing it

the same way twice.”

Certainly iconic Me in front of both icons

Never the same way twice How do you know which one?

How do you know which way?

Funky Caching again

“search for the closest matching valid URL and redirect, and use attempted url text as a DB keyword lookup”

—Rasmus Lerdorf

Javascript and CSS compiling & caching

<?php

$watermark = '3129080702_c4e76f71d7_o.png';$dead_url = 'http://example.com/dead_image.png'; // {{{ start_image($filename, &$data)/*** Creates a gd handle for a valid file* @param $filename string the file to get* @param $data array the imagesize* @return resource GD handle*/function start_image($filename, &$data) {    $data = @getimagesize($filename);    if (empty($data)) { return null; }    $data['ratio'] = $data[0]/$data[1];    switch($data[2]) {        case IMG_GIF: return imagecreatefromgif($filename);        case 3: //problem where IMG_PNG is not bound correctly for my install        case IMG_PNG: return imagecreatefrompng($filename);        case IMG_JPG: return imagecreatefromjpeg($filename);        case IMG_WBMP: return imagecreatefromwbmp($filename);        case IMG_XPM: return imagecreatefromxbm($filename);    }    return null;}   // }}}$requestimg = $_SERVER['REDIRECT_URL'];if (!$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']) {    // redirect user to invalid image    tag_http::redirect($dead_url);    return '';}// grab image to temp {{{$ch = curl_init($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']);$tempfile = tempnam('/tmp', 'prod_remote_');$fp = f_open($tempfile, 'w'); //again delete the "_"curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FILE, $fp);curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);curl_exec_($ch); //delete the final "_"curl_close($ch);fclose($fp);// }}}

<?php

$watermark = '3129080702_c4e76f71d7_o.png';$dead_url = 'http://example.com/dead_image.png'; // {{{ start_image($filename, &$data)/*** Creates a gd handle for a valid file* @param $filename string the file to get* @param $data array the imagesize* @return resource GD handle*/function start_image($filename, &$data) {    $data = @getimagesize($filename);    if (empty($data)) { return null; }    $data['ratio'] = $data[0]/$data[1];    switch($data[2]) {        case IMG_GIF: return imagecreatefromgif($filename);        case 3: //problem where IMG_PNG is not bound correctly for my install        case IMG_PNG: return imagecreatefrompng($filename);        case IMG_JPG: return imagecreatefromjpeg($filename);        case IMG_WBMP: return imagecreatefromwbmp($filename);        case IMG_XPM: return imagecreatefromxbm($filename);    }    return null;}   // }}}$requestimg = $_SERVER['REDIRECT_URL'];if (!$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']) {    // redirect user to invalid image    tag_http::redirect($dead_url);    return '';}// grab image to temp {{{$ch = curl_init($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']);$tempfile = tempnam('/tmp', 'prod_remote_');$fp = f_open($tempfile, 'w'); //again delete the "_"curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FILE, $fp);curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);curl_exec_($ch); //delete the final "_"curl_close($ch);fclose($fp);// }}}

<?php

$watermark = '3129080702_c4e76f71d7_o.png';$dead_url = 'http://example.com/dead_image.png'; // {{{ start_image($filename, &$data)/*** Creates a gd handle for a valid file* @param $filename string the file to get* @param $data array the imagesize* @return resource GD handle*/function start_image($filename, &$data) {    $data = @getimagesize($filename);    if (empty($data)) { return null; }    $data['ratio'] = $data[0]/$data[1];    switch($data[2]) {        case IMG_GIF: return imagecreatefromgif($filename);        case 3: //problem where IMG_PNG is not bound correctly for my install        case IMG_PNG: return imagecreatefrompng($filename);        case IMG_JPG: return imagecreatefromjpeg($filename);        case IMG_WBMP: return imagecreatefromwbmp($filename);        case IMG_XPM: return imagecreatefromxbm($filename);    }    return null;}   // }}}$requestimg = $_SERVER['REDIRECT_URL'];if (!$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']) {    // redirect user to invalid image    tag_http::redirect($dead_url);    return '';}// grab image to temp {{{$ch = curl_init($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']);$tempfile = tempnam('/tmp', 'prod_remote_');$fp = f_open($tempfile, 'w'); //again delete the "_"curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FILE, $fp);curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);curl_exec_($ch); //delete the final "_"curl_close($ch);fclose($fp);// }}}

<?php

$watermark = '3129080702_c4e76f71d7_o.png';$dead_url = 'http://example.com/dead_image.png'; // {{{ start_image($filename, &$data)/*** Creates a gd handle for a valid file* @param $filename string the file to get* @param $data array the imagesize* @return resource GD handle*/function start_image($filename, &$data) {    $data = @getimagesize($filename);    if (empty($data)) { return null; }    $data['ratio'] = $data[0]/$data[1];    switch($data[2]) {        case IMG_GIF: return imagecreatefromgif($filename);        case 3: //problem where IMG_PNG is not bound correctly for my install        case IMG_PNG: return imagecreatefrompng($filename);        case IMG_JPG: return imagecreatefromjpeg($filename);        case IMG_WBMP: return imagecreatefromwbmp($filename);        case IMG_XPM: return imagecreatefromxbm($filename);    }    return null;}   // }}}$requestimg = $_SERVER['REDIRECT_URL'];if (!$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']) {    // redirect user to invalid image    tag_http::redirect($dead_url);    return '';}// grab image to temp {{{$ch = curl_init($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']);$tempfile = tempnam('/tmp', 'prod_remote_');$fp = f_open($tempfile, 'w'); //again delete the "_"curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FILE, $fp);curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);curl_exec_($ch); //delete the final "_"curl_close($ch);fclose($fp);// }}}

<?php

$watermark = '3129080702_c4e76f71d7_o.png';$dead_url = 'http://example.com/dead_image.png'; // {{{ start_image($filename, &$data)/*** Creates a gd handle for a valid file* @param $filename string the file to get* @param $data array the imagesize* @return resource GD handle*/function start_image($filename, &$data) {    $data = @getimagesize($filename);    if (empty($data)) { return null; }    $data['ratio'] = $data[0]/$data[1];    switch($data[2]) {        case IMG_GIF: return imagecreatefromgif($filename);        case 3: //problem where IMG_PNG is not bound correctly for my install        case IMG_PNG: return imagecreatefrompng($filename);        case IMG_JPG: return imagecreatefromjpeg($filename);        case IMG_WBMP: return imagecreatefromwbmp($filename);        case IMG_XPM: return imagecreatefromxbm($filename);    }    return null;}   // }}}$requestimg = $_SERVER['REDIRECT_URL'];if (!$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']) {    // redirect user to invalid image    tag_http::redirect($dead_url);    return '';}// grab image to temp {{{$ch = curl_init($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']);$tempfile = tempnam('/tmp', 'prod_remote_');$fp = f_open($tempfile, 'w'); //again delete the "_"curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FILE, $fp);curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);curl_exec_($ch); //delete the final "_"curl_close($ch);fclose($fp);// }}}// configure image and dimensions {{{$size_data = array();$im = start_image($tempfile, $size_data);if (!$im) {    unlink($tempfile);    tag_http::redirect($dead_url);    return;}// }}}// get watermark information {{{$wm_data = array();$wm = start_image($watermark, $wm_data);if (!$wm) {    unlink ($tempfile);    tag_http::redirect($dead_url);    return;}// }}}// add watermark {{{if ($size_data['ratio']> $wm_data['ratio']) {    // image is wider format than the watermark    $new_smaller_dim = $wm_data[0] * ($size_data[1]/$wm_data[1]);    $dst_x = ($size_data[0] - $new_smaller_dim)/2;    $dst_y = 0;    $dst_w = $new_smaller_dim;    $dst_h = $size_data[1];} else {    // image is taller format than the watermark    $new_smaller_dim = $wm_data[1] * ($size_data[0]/$wm_data[0]);    $dst_x = 0;    $dst_y = ($size_data[1] - $new_smaller_dim)/2;    $dst_w = $size_data[0];    $dst_h = $new_smaller_dim;;}imagecopyresized($im, $wm, $dst_x, $dst_y, 0, 0, $dst_w, $dst_h, $wm_data[0], $wm_data[1]);header(sprintf('%s 200', $_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL']));header(sprintf('Content-type: %s',$size_data['mime']));// }}}switch ($size_data[2]) {    case IMG_GIF: imagegif($im); break;    case 3: case IMG_PNG: imagepng($im); break;    case IMG_JPG: imagejpeg($im); break;    case IMG_WBMP: imagewbmp($im); break;    case IMG_XPM: imagexbm($im); break;}imagedestroy($wm);imagedestroy($im);unlink($tempfile);

<?php

$watermark = '3129080702_c4e76f71d7_o.png';$dead_url = 'http://example.com/dead_image.png'; // {{{ start_image($filename, &$data)/*** Creates a gd handle for a valid file* @param $filename string the file to get* @param $data array the imagesize* @return resource GD handle*/function start_image($filename, &$data) {    $data = @getimagesize($filename);    if (empty($data)) { return null; }    $data['ratio'] = $data[0]/$data[1];    switch($data[2]) {        case IMG_GIF: return imagecreatefromgif($filename);        case 3: //problem where IMG_PNG is not bound correctly for my install        case IMG_PNG: return imagecreatefrompng($filename);        case IMG_JPG: return imagecreatefromjpeg($filename);        case IMG_WBMP: return imagecreatefromwbmp($filename);        case IMG_XPM: return imagecreatefromxbm($filename);    }    return null;}   // }}}$requestimg = $_SERVER['REDIRECT_URL'];if (!$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']) {    // redirect user to invalid image    tag_http::redirect($dead_url);    return '';}// grab image to temp {{{$ch = curl_init($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']);$tempfile = tempnam('/tmp', 'prod_remote_');$fp = f_open($tempfile, 'w'); //again delete the "_"curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FILE, $fp);curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);curl_exec_($ch); //delete the final "_"curl_close($ch);fclose($fp);// }}}// configure image and dimensions {{{$size_data = array();$im = start_image($tempfile, $size_data);if (!$im) {    unlink($tempfile);    tag_http::redirect($dead_url);    return;}// }}}// get watermark information {{{$wm_data = array();$wm = start_image($watermark, $wm_data);if (!$wm) {    unlink ($tempfile);    tag_http::redirect($dead_url);    return;}// }}}// add watermark {{{if ($size_data['ratio']> $wm_data['ratio']) {    // image is wider format than the watermark    $new_smaller_dim = $wm_data[0] * ($size_data[1]/$wm_data[1]);    $dst_x = ($size_data[0] - $new_smaller_dim)/2;    $dst_y = 0;    $dst_w = $new_smaller_dim;    $dst_h = $size_data[1];} else {    // image is taller format than the watermark    $new_smaller_dim = $wm_data[1] * ($size_data[0]/$wm_data[0]);    $dst_x = 0;    $dst_y = ($size_data[1] - $new_smaller_dim)/2;    $dst_w = $size_data[0];    $dst_h = $new_smaller_dim;;}imagecopyresized($im, $wm, $dst_x, $dst_y, 0, 0, $dst_w, $dst_h, $wm_data[0], $wm_data[1]);header(sprintf('%s 200', $_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL']));header(sprintf('Content-type: %s',$size_data['mime']));// }}}switch ($size_data[2]) {    case IMG_GIF: imagegif($im); break;    case 3: case IMG_PNG: imagepng($im); break;    case IMG_JPG: imagejpeg($im); break;    case IMG_WBMP: imagewbmp($im); break;    case IMG_XPM: imagexbm($im); break;}imagedestroy($wm);imagedestroy($im);unlink($tempfile);

<?php

$watermark = '3129080702_c4e76f71d7_o.png';$dead_url = 'http://example.com/dead_image.png'; // {{{ start_image($filename, &$data)/*** Creates a gd handle for a valid file* @param $filename string the file to get* @param $data array the imagesize* @return resource GD handle*/function start_image($filename, &$data) {    $data = @getimagesize($filename);    if (empty($data)) { return null; }    $data['ratio'] = $data[0]/$data[1];    switch($data[2]) {        case IMG_GIF: return imagecreatefromgif($filename);        case 3: //problem where IMG_PNG is not bound correctly for my install        case IMG_PNG: return imagecreatefrompng($filename);        case IMG_JPG: return imagecreatefromjpeg($filename);        case IMG_WBMP: return imagecreatefromwbmp($filename);        case IMG_XPM: return imagecreatefromxbm($filename);    }    return null;}   // }}}$requestimg = $_SERVER['REDIRECT_URL'];if (!$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']) {    // redirect user to invalid image    tag_http::redirect($dead_url);    return '';}// grab image to temp {{{$ch = curl_init($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']);$tempfile = tempnam('/tmp', 'prod_remote_');$fp = f_open($tempfile, 'w'); //again delete the "_"curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FILE, $fp);curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);curl_exec_($ch); //delete the final "_"curl_close($ch);fclose($fp);// }}}// configure image and dimensions {{{$size_data = array();$im = start_image($tempfile, $size_data);if (!$im) {    unlink($tempfile);    tag_http::redirect($dead_url);    return;}// }}}// get watermark information {{{$wm_data = array();$wm = start_image($watermark, $wm_data);if (!$wm) {    unlink ($tempfile);    tag_http::redirect($dead_url);    return;}// }}}// add watermark {{{if ($size_data['ratio']> $wm_data['ratio']) {    // image is wider format than the watermark    $new_smaller_dim = $wm_data[0] * ($size_data[1]/$wm_data[1]);    $dst_x = ($size_data[0] - $new_smaller_dim)/2;    $dst_y = 0;    $dst_w = $new_smaller_dim;    $dst_h = $size_data[1];} else {    // image is taller format than the watermark    $new_smaller_dim = $wm_data[1] * ($size_data[0]/$wm_data[0]);    $dst_x = 0;    $dst_y = ($size_data[1] - $new_smaller_dim)/2;    $dst_w = $size_data[0];    $dst_h = $new_smaller_dim;;}imagecopyresized($im, $wm, $dst_x, $dst_y, 0, 0, $dst_w, $dst_h, $wm_data[0], $wm_data[1]);header(sprintf('%s 200', $_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL']));header(sprintf('Content-type: %s',$size_data['mime']));// }}}switch ($size_data[2]) {    case IMG_GIF: imagegif($im); break;    case 3: case IMG_PNG: imagepng($im); break;    case IMG_JPG: imagejpeg($im); break;    case IMG_WBMP: imagewbmp($im); break;    case IMG_XPM: imagexbm($im); break;}imagedestroy($wm);imagedestroy($im);unlink($tempfile);

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