plastic pollution in ocean
Post on 23-Jan-2018
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Overview•Introduction on plastics •Magnitude of the plastics•Sources•Impacts•Solutions/mitigation
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What is plastic?
•Plastics are synthetic material
•Usually made from oil or natural gas
•Plastics are made by linking thousands of monomers(like bisphenol-A (BPA) and vinyl chloride, are harmful and toxic).
•The main types are : • Polyethylene(bottles,jars,bags,cups)
• Polystyrene(cups,pellets)
• Polypropylene(bottlecaps,drinkingstraws)
• PVC(shoes,pipes,furniture)World Oceans Day 2015 3
Magnitude of problem increasing
• Rapid and substantial increase in anthropogenic debris on the ocean surface and beaches over recent decades.
• Global plastic production has increased from 5million tons to over 250 million tons current.
• Because • Inexpensive• Light weight• Strong• Durable• Easy to use
• About 3 metric tones of plastic is estimated to be entering the oceans every 15sec. World Oceans Day 2015 4
Main sources
•Approximately 80% comes from land-based sources:
• Litter(pedestrians, motorists, beach visitors)
• Industrial discharges(pellets and powders)
• Garbage management(containers, trucks, landfills)
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•Approximately 20% comes from ocean-based sources:
• Commercial fishing vessels
• Cargo ships (discharge of containers and garbage)• Pleasure cruise ships
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Problems for people
•Looks dirty•Decreases tourism value•Pollutes swimming areas •Can cause harm & injury to people
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Wildlife issues
• Entanglement
• Ingestion
• Chemicals
• Invasive species
• Coral reefs can be harmed
• Ghost fishing
•Over 1 000 000 sea birds, 100 000 marine mammals and 1000s of turtles are killed by plastic every year.
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April 2010-Puget Sound-California Grey Whale Stomach contents: pants and golf ball, more than 20 plastic bags, small towels, duct tape and surgical gloves
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Solutions•Reduce • The best thing we can do is use less plastic! If we don’t use
it, there’s no way it can end up in our oceans. •No excuse for single use • Take your own bag to the supermarket •Grow your own vegetables & fruit • Say no to straws •Use reusable cloth diapers instead of plastic one
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Reuse
• Try to use items more than once.
•Bottles drinking water
•Bottles eco bricks
•Bottles plant holders
•Plastic boxes (e.g. ice cream containers) as lunch boxes
•Be creative & use your imaginationWorld Oceans Day 2015 17
Recycle • rubbish new useful products.
• Paper, plastics, glass, metal and textiles can all be recycled.
•Others
• Put in the dustbin
• Compost
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•Reference:WWW.oceanambassadors.orgClean Water Action California
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