poetry world literature poetry is… poetry is the most compressed form of literature. poetry is...

Poetry

World Literature

Poetry is…

• Poetry is the most compressed form of literature.

• Poetry is composed of carefully chosen words expressing great depth of meaning.

• Poetry uses specific devices such as connotation, sound, and rhythm to express the appropriate combination of meaning and emotion.

Types of PoetryThere are two basic types of poetry: 

• traditional - follows standard rules of grammar and syntax with a regular rhythm and rhyme scheme.

• modern - avoids rhyme and standard grammatical organization and seeks new ways of expression.

Analyzing Poetry• You analyze a poem to arrive at an intelligent

interpretation and understand what you read. • You must consider the following (TPFASTT):

– Title– Paraphrase– Figurative Devices– Attitude– Shifts– Title – Theme

Figurative Figurative Language and Language and Sound DevicesSound Devices

• language not meant to be taken literally; also known as figures of speech (eg, metaphor, personification, hyperbole, and simile)

A reference to a A reference to a historical figure, historical figure, place, or eventplace, or event.

The teams competed in a

David and Goliath struggle.

The repetition of words or phrases at the beginning or end of two or more lines.

I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creedI have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.

A direct comparison between two basically

different things. A simile is introduced by the words

“like” or “as”.

My love is like a red, red

rose.

An implied comparison between two basically different things. Is not introduced with the words

“like” or “as”.Extended Metaphor – one that goes through the entire poem.

His eyes were

daggers that cut

right through

me.

A great exaggeration to emphasize strong

feeling.

I will love you until all the seas go dry.

Human characteristics are given to non-human

objects, or ideas.

My stereo walked out of

my car.

The use of concrete details that appeal to

the five senses.

Cold, wet leaves

floating on moss-

colored water.

The overall atmosphere or

prevailing emotional feeling of a work.

“It was the best of

times, it was the worst of

times.”

A seemingly self-contradictory

statement that still is true.

The more we

learn, the less

we know.

Sound Devices

The repetition of identical sounds at the ends of lines of

poetry.

“He clasps the crag with

crooked handsClose to the sun in lonely lands”

from “The Eagle”

The repetition of identical sounds within a line of

poetry.

“We three shall flee across the sea to Italy.”

The pattern of rhyming lines in a

poem or song

AloneEdgar Allen Poe

As others saw; I could not bring                              a My passions from a common spring.                       aFrom the same source I have not taken                    bMy sorrow; I could not awaken                               bMy heart to joy at the same tone;                             cAnd all I loved, I loved alone.                                 cThen—in my childhood, in the dawn                      dOf a most stormy life—was drawn                          dFrom every depth of good and ill                            eThe mystery which binds me still:                           eFrom the torrent, or the fountain,                            fFrom the red cliff of the mountain,                         f

A slant rhyme or half rhyme occurs when

the vowel sounds are not quite identical.

“And on that cheek and o’er that brow”

A mind at peace with all below”

The repeating of a sound, word, phrase,

or more in a given literary work.

“I sprang to the stirrup, and Jarvis, and he;I galloped, Derrick galloped, we galloped all

three”

The repetition of consonant sounds

at the beginnings of words.

The repetition of similar vowel sounds followed by different

consonant.

“. . .that hoard, and sleep, and feed, and know not

me.”

The repetition of consonant sounds

that are preceded by different vowel

sounds.

“Wherever we go

Silence will fall like dews”

The use of words whose sounds suggest the

sounds made by objects or activities.

The snake hissed at us

as we walked by.

Other examples:

buzz, hum, kiss

Other examples:

buzz, hum, kiss

Something concrete, such as an object, action, character,

or scene that stands for something abstract such as a

concept or an idea.

“Do not go gentle into that good nightRage, Rage against the dying of the

light”

Both phrases are symbols that

stand for death.

Both phrases are symbols that

stand for death.

The person speaking in the poem

“Oh, I just can’t wait

one second longer to open my

presents.”

The author’s attitude toward the subject he/she is writing

about.

The main idea or underlying

meaning of a literary work.

“Don’t judge a

man until you’ve

walked a mile in his

shoes”