possible theoretical frameworks for fp4 research: some suggestions
Post on 23-Jun-2015
1.156 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Possible theoretical frameworks for FP4 research
Possible theoretical frameworks for FP4 research
Some suggestionsSome suggestions
Presented by Kate Longley at the Workshop on Defining a Strategic Agricultural Research Agenda on Post-Crisis/Post-Shock Recovery in
Highly Stressed Systems, Nairobi, May 22-23, 2008
Presented by Kate Longley at the Workshop on Defining a Strategic Agricultural Research Agenda on Post-Crisis/Post-Shock Recovery in
Highly Stressed Systems, Nairobi, May 22-23, 2008
Jeffrey Sachs / Millennium Project Paul Collier’s The Bottom Billion Food Security framework Livelihoods framework Innovation Systems approach Disaster Risk Reduction framework Others??
Jeffrey Sachs / Millennium Project Paul Collier’s The Bottom Billion Food Security framework Livelihoods framework Innovation Systems approach Disaster Risk Reduction framework Others??
OverviewOverview
Jeffrey Sachs (1)Jeffrey Sachs (1)
Poverty traps result from combination of 3 factors: High minimum capital threshold Low savings rate High population growth
Africa faces unique structural constraints which can be overcome by targeted investments
Poverty traps result from combination of 3 factors: High minimum capital threshold Low savings rate High population growth
Africa faces unique structural constraints which can be overcome by targeted investments
Jeffrey Sachs (2)Jeffrey Sachs (2)
Countries can end poverty trap through combination of:
Broad-based public investments at scale in health, education, agriculture, infrastructure, and environmental management
Sound policies and governance, incl good economic management
Improved access to international trade No magic bullet – all of the above are
necessary
Countries can end poverty trap through combination of:
Broad-based public investments at scale in health, education, agriculture, infrastructure, and environmental management
Sound policies and governance, incl good economic management
Improved access to international trade No magic bullet – all of the above are
necessary
Jeffrey Sachs (3)Jeffrey Sachs (3)
Issues must be addressed at the appropriate scale – this requires substantial funding
Solutions must be based on the best science – requires open, inclusive and consultative process
Plan of action should be based on specificity of conditions on the ground
Donor investments must be selective according to good governance and economic policies
Issues must be addressed at the appropriate scale – this requires substantial funding
Solutions must be based on the best science – requires open, inclusive and consultative process
Plan of action should be based on specificity of conditions on the ground
Donor investments must be selective according to good governance and economic policies
Paul Collier (1)Paul Collier (1)
The ‘Bottom Billion’ refers to the population of 50 failed states
Their problems defy traditional approaches to poverty alleviation
Traps in which these states are caught: Conflict Natural resources Landlocked with bad neighbours Bad governance in a small country
Globalization merely makes things worse for the bottom billion
The ‘Bottom Billion’ refers to the population of 50 failed states
Their problems defy traditional approaches to poverty alleviation
Traps in which these states are caught: Conflict Natural resources Landlocked with bad neighbours Bad governance in a small country
Globalization merely makes things worse for the bottom billion
Paul Collier (2)Paul Collier (2)
What can be done? Aid Military intervention Laws & charters Trade policy for reversing
marginalisation
What can be done? Aid Military intervention Laws & charters Trade policy for reversing
marginalisation
Food Security frameworkFood Security framework
Parameter Food security
Availability Sufficient quantity of appropriate foods are within reasonable proximity to people
Access People have adequate income or other resources to purchase or barter for appropriate foods
Utilization Food is properly used (food processing, storage, nutrition, child care, health and sanitation practices)
From food to livelihoodsFrom food to livelihoods
From food security to livelihood security:
Food insecurity no longer seen as a failure of agriculture to produce sufficient food at the national level, but as a failure of livelihoods to guarantee access to sufficient food at the household level
From food security to livelihood security:
Food insecurity no longer seen as a failure of agriculture to produce sufficient food at the national level, but as a failure of livelihoods to guarantee access to sufficient food at the household level
Livelihoods principlesLivelihoods principles
Starts with the actual livelihoods of (poor) people: people-centred
Cross-sectoral, responsive and participatory
Holistic: multiplicity of actors and influences
Dynamic: inherently flexible Multi-level: tries to bridge the gap between
micro and macro Partnership with public and private sectors Sustainable, builds on strengths and
addresses vulnerabilities
Starts with the actual livelihoods of (poor) people: people-centred
Cross-sectoral, responsive and participatory
Holistic: multiplicity of actors and influences
Dynamic: inherently flexible Multi-level: tries to bridge the gap between
micro and macro Partnership with public and private sectors Sustainable, builds on strengths and
addresses vulnerabilities
Livelihoods frameworkLivelihoods framework
Livelihood resources or assets – what people have
Livelihood strategies – what people do Livelihood outcomes – what goals they
are pursuing or the ‘living’ that results from their activities
The context, structures and processes that influence and affect these three elements
Livelihood resources or assets – what people have
Livelihood strategies – what people do Livelihood outcomes – what goals they
are pursuing or the ‘living’ that results from their activities
The context, structures and processes that influence and affect these three elements
Innovation Systems (1)Innovation Systems (1)
Innovation: Change in practices, in the established
way of doing things – technological, organisational, institutional
Process not only of creating knowledge, but making it available and putting it to use
Wider policy and institutional environment shapes process through incentives and norms
Innovation: Change in practices, in the established
way of doing things – technological, organisational, institutional
Process not only of creating knowledge, but making it available and putting it to use
Wider policy and institutional environment shapes process through incentives and norms
Innovation Systems (2)Innovation Systems (2)
An innovation system: a network of all public and private
sector organizations, enterprises, and individuals involved in the process of knowledge creation, dissemination, adoption/adaptation and use, together with the institutions and policies that affect their behaviour and performance.
An innovation system: a network of all public and private
sector organizations, enterprises, and individuals involved in the process of knowledge creation, dissemination, adoption/adaptation and use, together with the institutions and policies that affect their behaviour and performance.
Innovation Systems (3)Innovation Systems (3)
Technologies alone not enough to bring about innovation
Multiple sources of innovation Partnerships are vital for innovation Service delivery systems and capacity
to innovate are critical in defining the innovation process
Roles and interactions of diverse agents => Knowledge exchange, technological and institutional change
Technologies alone not enough to bring about innovation
Multiple sources of innovation Partnerships are vital for innovation Service delivery systems and capacity
to innovate are critical in defining the innovation process
Roles and interactions of diverse agents => Knowledge exchange, technological and institutional change
Disaster Risk ReductionDisaster Risk Reduction
Many UN agencies and NGOs are beginning to use DRR approach to guide both development and humanitarian interventions
More cost-effective to invest in steps to mitigate and prevent effects of disasters, rather than only dealing with the aftermath
Many UN agencies and NGOs are beginning to use DRR approach to guide both development and humanitarian interventions
More cost-effective to invest in steps to mitigate and prevent effects of disasters, rather than only dealing with the aftermath
Disaster Risk ReductionDisaster Risk Reduction
The development and application of policies, strategies and practices to minimise vulnerabilities and disaster risks throughout society through mitigation and preparedness
Disaster mitigation: actions taken to minimise the extent of a potential disaster
Disaster preparedness: measures taken to forecast or warn against disasters, and take precautions when they threaten and arrange for appropriate response
The development and application of policies, strategies and practices to minimise vulnerabilities and disaster risks throughout society through mitigation and preparedness
Disaster mitigation: actions taken to minimise the extent of a potential disaster
Disaster preparedness: measures taken to forecast or warn against disasters, and take precautions when they threaten and arrange for appropriate response
Risk Reduction StrategiesRisk Reduction Strategies
Technologies for food production systems
Support to livelihoods & markets Addressing chronic vulnerability
through social protection Early warning & baseline information Awareness of political context and
governance issues Enhancing the capacity of agencies and
organisations to respond to disaster
Technologies for food production systems
Support to livelihoods & markets Addressing chronic vulnerability
through social protection Early warning & baseline information Awareness of political context and
governance issues Enhancing the capacity of agencies and
organisations to respond to disaster
top related