potw pyrethroid survey results: data review and summary yuzhou luo cdpr/em/swpp
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POTW Pyrethroid Survey Results:Data Review and Summary
Yuzhou LuoCDPR/EM/SWPP
Overview
• 32 POTW facilities throughout California (one primary treatment, 18 secondary, 12 tertiary, one unknown)
• One sampling event for each POTW in early 2013• 8 pyrethroids (bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin,
deltamethrin, esfenvalerate, fenpropathrin, λ-cyhalothrin, permethrin)
• Reported data: whole-water concentrations in influent and effluent; concentration in biosolids
• Samples are not timed between influent, effluent, and biosolids collection
Detection FrequencyInfluent Effluent
bifenthrin 96% 82%cyfluthrin 88% 60%cypermethrin 81% 81%deltamethrin 43% 16%esfenvalerate 46% 32%fenpropathrin 4.5% 3.2%λ-cyhalothrin 81% 48%permethrin 100% 65%
Notes: [1] shows averages of detection frequencies by two Labs; [2] limits of detection (LOD) for influent are 4~10 times of those for effluent
Concentrations in EffluentThe maximum concentration (ng/L)
USEPA OPP aquatic life benchmark (ng/L)
Fish, acute
Fish, chronic
Invertebrates, acute
Invertebrates, chronic
bifenthrin 3.9 75 40 800 1.3
cyfluthrin 4 34 10 12.5 7
cypermethrin 13 195 140 210 69
deltamethrin 1.2 290 17 55 4.1
esfenvalerate 0.6 35 35 25 17
fenpropathrin 0.8 1100 91 265 64
λ-cyhalothrin 1.6 105 31 3.5 2
permethrin 170 395 51.5 10 1.4
Bifenthrin: Effluent Concentrations
Exceedance frequency
Detected only All samples
Primary 100% 100%
Secondary 29% 27%
Tertiary 0% 0%
Overall 22% 18%
Permethrin: Effluent Concentrations
Exceedance frequency
Detected only All samples
Primary 100% 100%
Secondary 100% 83%
Tertiary 100% 33%
Overall 100% 65%
Percent reduction by treatment types
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