power generation by piezo sensors

Presented by

Manoj V 1BY11TE023Naveen S 1BY11TE027 Shashanka M K 1BY11TE039

Naveen R 1BY12TE406

Under the guidance ofMrs.Sowmya shree M SAssistant professor,TCE

INTRODUCTION:• The words alternative energy defines “energy

that can replace traditional energy sources”.

• The word energy is defined as “any source of useable power” .

• In our project we have used the technique of power harvesting by using piezo sensors as a source of non-conventional alternative energy.

• A piezoelectric sensor is a device that converts kinetic energy into electrical energy.

LITERATURE SURVEY

“Electricity from Footsteps” by S.S.Taliyan, B.B. Biswas, R.K.

Patil and G. P. Srivastava

• When a pedestrian steps on the top plate of the device, the plate will dip down slightly due to the weight of the pedestrian. The downward movement of the plate results in rotation of the shaft of an electrical alternator, fitted in the device, to produce electrical energy.

• The top plate reverts back to its original position due to negating springs provided in the device.

“Estimation of Electric Charge Output for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting”, by

Henry A. Sodano, Daniel J. Inman, Gyuhae Park.

• This paper determines the appropriate size and vibration levels of the piezo sensors.

• They investigated the power generated when a free-falling steel ball impacted a plate with a piezo-ceramic wafer attached to its underside.

• They also investigated the energy storage characteristics of a power harvesting system consisting of a full-bridge rectifier and a capacitor.

MOTIVATION

• In India the demand is more for energy production because of power scarcity and limited availability of resources.

• People use rechargeable batteries (UPS) or diesel/petrol engine to fulfill their demands.

• Due to its high durability, and no harmful effects.

OBJECTIVES• To harvest electrical energy from vibrational

energy.

• To implement power generating device using recycled materials with no toxic wastes.

• To harvest energy by a source that has no negative effect on environment.

• To harness the non-conventional renewable sources of energy.

METHODOLOGY

• Implementation of piezo sensors in a tile to get optimum power.

• Reconfigurability is achieved by using different piezo sensors with different compositions of piezo materials.

• Performance evaluation of piezo tiles wirelessly using Rf module for smart analysis.

• Comparison of piezo sensors with other micro energy harvesting devices.

BLOCK DIAGRAMTRANSMITTER

RECEIVER

PIEZO TILE

TRANSMITTER RECEIVER

PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENT PIEZO MATERIALS

Rochelle salt exhibits moderate piezoelectric activity but mechanically very weak.

Tourmaline has less piezoelectric activity but mechanically very strong and much expensive.

Quartz crystal is the best crystal as it has piezoelectric activity

similar to Rochelle salt and is mechanically strong as tourmaline.

All these materials cannot be tailored for specific applications.

WHAT IS “PZT”? PZT, or lead zirconate titanate (Pb[Zr(x)Ti(1-

x)]O3), is one of the world’s most widely used piezoelectric ceramic materials.

Each piezoelectric ceramic crystal, consists of tetravalent metal ion, usually titanium or zirconium, in a lattice of larger, divalent metal ions, usually lead or barium, and O2- ions (Figure 1.1a).

Under conditions these confer tetragonal symmetry on the crystals, each crystal has a dipole moment (Figure 1.1b).

PZT elementary cell

• The direction of polarization among neighboring domains is random (fig 1.2a).

• Poling process is applied to piezo ceramic (fig 1.2b).

• When the electric field is removed most of the dipoles are locked into a configuration of near alignment (Figure 1.2c).

ADVANTAGES• Can be used as a sensor or an actuator.

• High stiffness

• Wide frequency range.

• Compact yet highly sensitive.

• No moving parts - long service life.

• Self-generating - no external power required.

• Great variety of models available for nearly any purpose.

CHALLENGES• Micro fabrication processes are not compatible with

standard processes and piezo thin films have poor coupling.

• High electric fields can cause breakdown and failure.

• Typically brittle.

• Limited temperature range.

• Difficult to integrate with electronics and microsystems.

APPLICATIONS1. Foot step power generation can be used in emergency power failure situations.

2. In places such as:

a) Universities

b) Bus Stands

c) Path of Arrival and departure of passengers at airports

d) Shopping Mall

e) Food streets

f) Footpath

g) Markets

3. Pedestrian bridges- this is the finest purpose of generating power by

footsteps. This power then used for lighting the bridge.

RESULTS• The pressure is directly proportional to the amount of power

generatedP α Wt, P = K x Wt

Where, K - Proportionality constant

Wt - weight P - power

• We know that for wt=50kg, we get the value of voltage V=4v and I =0.015A.Then P=V*I=4*0.015=0.06w, means we can say that for 50kg we get power (P) =0.06w.

From this we can find the value of Қ Қ=P/wt=0.06/50=0.0012

Sl No P in watt Wt in kg

1 0.012 10

2 0.024 20

3 0.06 50

4 0.09 75

Relation between power and weight Power V/s weight graph of piezo tile

FUTURE SCOPE• The tiles are installed on

the road. Current is generated when vehicle passes on the tiles.

• This current is stored in a battery.

• Used for lighting street lights and homes during night times.

• And also voltages generated can be send to remote location for smart analysis.

CONCLUSION This paper presents an adaptive approach to harvest electrical

energy from mechanically excited piezoelectric element.

It proposes energy conversion system as a power source for the

rural as well as hilly areas in terms of generating electricity.

The technique of implementing the Piezo Road is to reduce the

global warming and environmental pollution.

The compact prototype model not only provides accurate results

but also gave the computational speed-ups of the generation.

THANK YOU