ppt accounts
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AHMEDABAD UNIVERSITY
H.L. INSTITUTE OFCOMMERCE
PROJECT AND PRESENTATION IN THE SUBJECTS OF
1) SPECIAL TRANSACTIONS ACCOUNTING
2) CORPORATE ACCOUNTING PROCEDURES
TELE-COMMUNICATION
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F.Y.BCOM SECTION 2GROUP 12
ROLL NUMBER 231 -240
231) SHREY MAHETA
232) BHARTI MAKWANA
233)234) DISHA MALHOTRA
235) KULDEEP MANDALIA
236) HEMANT MANDAN
237) HIMADRI MANIAR
238) PRANAV MANIAR239) PRIYAL MANIAR
240) NEHAL MANSUKHANI
NOTE: ROLL NUMBER 233 HAS LEFT
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TELECOMMUNICATION
SECTOR
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INTRODUCTION OF
TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY Communication is basic need of everyone in
today's world.
In 1850, the first experimental electric
telegraph Line was started between Kolkata
and Diamond Harbor
The introduction of services like phones
(landline), mobile phones, internet hasbrought a revolutionary change in this
industry as well as in life of people.
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BUT During the Middle Ages,
chains of beacons werecommonly used onhilltops as a means of relaying a signal.
Beacon chains sufferedthe drawback that theycould only pass a singlebit of information, so the
meaning of themessage such as "theenemy has beensighted" had to beagreed upon inadvance.
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AND BEFORE THAT
The oldest-known forms of writing were primarilylogographic in nature,based on pictographic and
ideographic elements.Most writing systems canbe broadly divided intothree categories:logographic , syllabic andalphabetic (or segmental );
however, all three may befound in any given writingsystem in varyingproportions, often makingit difficult to categorize asystem uniquely.
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In 1880, two telephone companies namely
The Oriental Telephone Company Ltd. and
The Anglo-Indian Telephone Company
Ltd. approached the Government of India
to establish telephone exchanges in India. Internet has now become a daily need for
people. The total subscriber base for
internet users in India is 81 million as of 2009.
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SCOPE OF TELCOM SECTOR
IN INDIA
The state
operators (BSNL
and MTNL),
account for
almost 90 per
cent of revenues
from basicservices.
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The GSM sector is dominated byAirtel, Vodfone-Hutch, and Idea
Cellular, while the CDMA sector isdominated by Reliance and TataIndicom.
Touch screen and advancedtechnological handsets are gainingpopularity. Radio services have alsobeen incorporated in the mobilehandsets, along with other applicationslike high storage memory, multimedia
applications, multimedia games, MP3Players, video generators, Camera's,etc
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FIXED SERVICE PROVIDER CELLULAR SERVICES
CDMA GSM
TELECOM
SECTOR
Telecommunication sector in India can be
divided into two segments:
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Showndepicted is aFrench
Gower telephone of 18th century.
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1994 National Telecom Policy ± 1994announced
Aug 1995 Kolkata became the first metro tohave a cellular network
1997 Telecom Regulatory Authority of India was setup
1999 Tariff rebalancing exercises gets
initiated March 1999 National Telecom Policy ± 99announced
Growth of Telecom in India
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Oct-2002 BSNL entered in to GSM cellular
operation w.e.f 19th October, 2002.
Made incoming call free & initiated
tariff equalization process Tariff for GSM cellular mobiles reduced
Nov 2003 Unified Access (Basic & Cellular)
Service License (USAL) introducedas a first step towards Unified
License Regime Technology neutral
and allows provisioning any kind of
service
Apr 2004 License fee reduced by 2% across
the board all the access licenses.
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Opportunities Rural teledensity is less than 10%. Overall teledensity is only 24%.
Broadband penetration is just 0.25%, hence vastscope.
BPO business is growing fast: Telecom can ride on it. Value added services like M-Commerce, M-Marketing,
Special Information, Ring tones, etc. offer venues of additional revenue.
As globalization is increasing, more percentage of
global business for Indian telecom. Technologies like NGN, 3G, WiMAX, will open up new
frontier of business.
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Teledensity
0.52 0.68 0.93 1.21 1.49 1.57 1.73 1.86
5.887.96.94 8.36
10.3712.2
14.32
20.74
26.88
39.45
48.52
60.04
2.32 2.86 3.58 4.29 5.117.02
8.95
12.74
18.31
23.21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 9 9 9
2 0 0 0
2 0 0 1
2 0 0 2
2 0 0 3
2 0 0 4
2 0 0 5
2 0 0 6
2 0 0 7
2 0 0 7 ( N
o v )
Year
Rural Urban Total
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Challenges
No. of operators are increasing per circle: hencemore competition
Cost/ Customer is very high in rural areas
Spectrum ± a scare commodity
Infrastructure readiness in rural
PC prices are very high
Availability of Contents in local language
Availability of Contents for Rural Population
International Bandwidth is costly Telecom Manufacturing in India.
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GrowthGrowth-- the way aheadthe way ahead
Network expansion
± 250 million by 2007 - Already achieved
± 600 million by 2012
Rural connectivity ± 100 million by 2010
± 200 million by 2012
Broadband
± 20 million broadband connections and 40 millioninternet connections to provide by 2010
± Broadband connections to provide on demand acrossthe country by 2012
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OPERATING ENVIRONMENT - GLOBAL AND
LOCAL
The telecom sector is also afflicted by anumber of restraints. These include:
Sluggish pace of reform process.
Lack of infrastructure in semi-rural andrural areas, which makes it difficult tomake inroads into this market segment as
service providers have to incur a hugeinitial fixed cost.
Limited spectrum availability.
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Two major factors responsible for the growth
of telecommunications industry are use of
modern technology and market competition.
One of the products of modern technologies
is optical fibers, which are being used as a
medium of data transmission instead of.
Using coaxial or twisted pair cables.
. Use of ISDN (Inter Services Digital Network)
makes this telecommunication industry a
total digitalized system and eventuallyenhanced the speed and quality of digital
communication
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GOVERNMENT POLICY
The first wind of reforms in telecommunications
sector began to flow in 1980s when the private
sector was allowed in telecommunications
equipment manufacturing. In 1985, Department of
Telecommunications (DOT) was established.
In 1986, two wholly government-owned companies
were created: the Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited
(VSNL) for international telecommunications and
Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) for service in metropolitan areas.
National Telecom Policy (NTP) 1994 was the first
attempt to give a comprehensive roadmap for the
Indian telecommunications sector.
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1997, Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) wascreated. TRAI was formed to act as a regulator tofacilitate the growth of the telecom sector.
New National Telecom Policy was adopted in 1999 andcellular services were also launched in the same year.
With a subscriber base of more than 650 million, theMobile telecommunications system in India is thesecond largest in the world and it was thrown open toprivate players in the 1990s.
After economic liberalization in 1992, many private ISPs(Internet Service Providers) have entered the market,many with their own local loop and gatewayinfrastructures. The telecom services market isregulated by the TRAI and the DoT, which has beenknown to impose censorship on some websites.
The Ministry of Communications and InformationTechnology (MCIT) is has very aggressive plans toincrease the pace of growth, targeting 250 milliontelephone subscribers by end-2007 and 500 million by2010
India¶s rural telephone density has been languishing ataround 1.9%;
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MAJOR PLAYERS OF
TELLECOMMUNICATIONRANK COMPANY SUBSCRIBERS( IN
MILLIONS)
1 AIRTEL 139.75
2 VODAFONE 109.06
3 BSNL 68.88
4 IDEA 66.88
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MAJOR PLAYERS IN MARKET
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CONCLUSION With the help of the information ,we can see
that there is fast and rapid growth in telecomindustry since its invention. Vodafone, airtel,idea and reliance are the leading telecomcompanies of the industry. Communication
being the basic need of people sotelecommunication industry will never go indepression as this industry thrives on thebasic need of people to communicate. The
future of telecommunication is very brightbecause of new and efficient technologyavailable at reasonable prices. This industryprovides employment opportunities to about10 million people (approx.) during the same
period.
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THANK YOU
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