programme and abstract booklet - vrije universiteit brussel · 2018-06-18 · alumni relations...

Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Courtship pheromones in mudpuppies and waterdogs (Necturus, Proteidae)

Treer, Dag; Maex, Margo; Stoops, Monica A.; Nagel, Andrew; DeChant, Chris J.; VanBocxlaer, Ines; Bossuyt, Franky

Publication date:2017

Document Version:Final published version

Link to publication

Citation for published version (APA):Treer, D., Maex, M., Stoops, M. A., Nagel, A., DeChant, C. J., Van Bocxlaer, I., & Bossuyt, F. (2017). Courtshippheromones in mudpuppies and waterdogs (Necturus, Proteidae). 29-29. Poster session presented at 14thMeeting of Chemical Signal in Vertebrates (CSiV XIV), Cardiff, United Kingdom.

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Download date: 24. Aug. 2020

14thMeetingoftheCSiVgroup,SchoolofBiosciences,CardiffUniversity,UK,

29August–1September2017

ProgrammeandAbstractBooklet

29August– 1September2017Cardiff,Wales,UK

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TableofContents

Programme........................................................................................................................6

AbstractsofTalksandPostersinorderofAppearance.....................................................13

Tuesday29August2017...................................................................................................13

ThematicSessionI:HumanChemicalCommunication......................................................13Talk:Theeffectofdietaryrestrictionsonhumanbodyodourquality........................................13Talk:DriversofMHC-dependentmatechoiceinhumansandprimates......................................13Talk:Canyousmellthewinner?Theeffectofcompetitiononhumanbodyodour....................14Talk:Evidenceandthoughtsabouttheinfluenceofsex,genderandcultureonhumanbodyodourperception.......................................................................................................................14Talk:Olfactorily-conspicuousnipplesasvitalinterfacesforcolostrumintakeinhumans...........15Talk:Perfumepreferencesinhumancouples.............................................................................16Talk:Investigatingtheartificiallyscentedape:Theimpactofartificialfragrancesonhumanolfactorycommunication...........................................................................................................16Talk:Chemocommunicationinavision-ruledworld...................................................................17Talk:Sexinguphumanpheromones:Howacorporationcreatedamythandleftatrailoffalsepositivespavedbypositivepublicationbias..............................................................................18

Opensession1.................................................................................................................18Talk:PheromoneofIndianLeopard,Pantherapardus...............................................................18Talk:Infantpandascannotdiscriminatebetweenteatodorsofdifferentlactatingfemales......19Talk:DecodingMouseSocialCommunication............................................................................20

OpenSession2.................................................................................................................20Talk:Whatmayattractbluepetrelstotheirburrowsatnight?..................................................20Talk:HarderianGlandConstituentsMediateVomeronasalFunctioninginGarterSnakes..........21Talk:Effectsoflowenvironmentalcalciumonresponsestofoodandpredator-relatedodoursinfatheadminnows.......................................................................................................................22

Wednesday30August2017.............................................................................................22

PLENARY:Underwaterchemistrybetweensalamanders:Evolutionofacourtshippheromonesystem..........................................................................................................22

ThematicSessionII:Proteomics.......................................................................................23Talk:ChallengesinproteomicsoftheMUPmulti-genefamily....................................................23Talk:Chemosignalsinanuranbreedingglands...........................................................................23Talk:Anewcandidatecourtshippheromoneinaquaticallycourtingnewts...............................24Talk:MolecularcomplexityofscentsignalsintheNorwayrat..................................................25Talk:Impactofmaleeffectandanoestrusoestrusstatusesongoatolfactorysecretome...........25Talk:Identificationandcharacterizationofaseasonally-expressedsexuallydimorphicurinarylipocalininthebankvoleMyodesglareolus...............................................................................26Talk:Apreliminarystudyontheanalsacproteomeindogs(Canisfamiliaris)............................27

PostertalksI:Proteomics................................................................................................27

POSTER1:Beyondsodefrin:evidenceforamulti-componentpheromonesysteminthemodelnewtCynopspyrrhogaster(Salamandridae)..............................................................................27POSTER2:Seasonalchangesinolfactoryproteinsofewe..........................................................28POSTER3:Courtshippheromonesinmudpuppiesandwaterdogs(Necturus,Proteidae)...........29POSTER4:Anon-conventionalglycosylationisinvolvedinthecodingofspecificodorsindomesticpig..............................................................................................................................29

ThematicSessionIII:OlfactorySpeciation........................................................................30Talk:Comparativeproteinstructurepredictionandelucidationofbovinevomeronasal1receptortype-I(VN1R1)adoptingin-silicostudy......................................................................30Talk:Anovellipidmetabolismsystemdevelopedincatsproducesaspecies-specificchemosignal..................................................................................................................................................31Talk:OlfactoryspeciationinEurasianbadgersMelesspp.:Diversityofsubcaudalchemicalsandbehaviouralexperiments...........................................................................................................31Talk:Odourdialectsamongwildmammals................................................................................32

Postertalks2:Proteomics&Primateolfaction.................................................................32POSTER5:QuantitativeProfilingofMajorUrinaryProteinsinWildMice...................................32POSTER6:Identificationandcharacterizationofaseasonally-expressedsexuallydimorphicurinaryproteinintwospeciesofMalagasymouselemurs,MicrocebusmurinusandMicrocebuslehilahytsara.............................................................................................................................33POSTER7:Makingsenseofscents:Decipheringprimateolfactorycommunication....................34POSTER8:EffectsofMaleAxillaryExtractsontheLengthofMenstrualCycleinReproductiveAgeWomenandPre-MenopausalWomen.......................................................................................34

OpenSession3.................................................................................................................35Talk:Socialodorspromotefood-relatedpreferencelearningthroughactivationoftheGC-D/necklaceolfactorysubsystem................................................................................................35Talk:Influencesofexposuretomurinepheromoneonthenextgeneration...............................36

Thursday31August2017.................................................................................................36

PLENARY:Domammalshaveaworldwidewebofinterspecificscentsignals,andcouldweconnecttoit?...................................................................................................................36

ThematicSessionIV:Inter-specificolfactorycues(Chair:PeterApps)...............................37Talk:EarlyOlfactoryExperienceAffectsPerceptionofPredatorOdorsintheHouseMouse......37Talk:Ontherepellentpropertiesofmouseurineodourtosmallwildlivingrodents..................37

PosterTalks3:Inter-specificCues&OtherContributions.................................................38POSTER9:EffectofDomesticCatChemicalSignalsonRegulationofEstrousCyclesintheHouseMouseDependsonPresentationRate.......................................................................................38POSTER10:Preliminaryresultsinferretolfactorycues(Mustelaputoriusfuro)asapredatorstimulusforthehousemice(Musmusculus)..............................................................................39POSTER11:Measuringlactationinvestmentamongcommunallynursingfemalehousemice....39POSTER12:Latrineusepatternsofraccoondogs(Nyctereutesprocyonoides)inanurbanareaofTokyo........................................................................................................................................40Poster13:Tastepotentiatedcolourbiases:analternativemethodforassessingtastedetectionthresholdsinbirds.....................................................................................................................41

ThematicSessionV:ScentofDisease...............................................................................41Talk:LPS-inducedimmunesystemstimulationalterurinaryvolatilesandbehavioringrowingpigs............................................................................................................................................41Talk:Sharinganenvironmentwithsickconspecificsalterstheodorsofhealthymice................42Talk:Diseasedetectioninhumanolfaction................................................................................42Talk:Thesmellofweakness:costsandconsequencesofinjuryforsocialodorcuesinring-tailedlemurs.......................................................................................................................................43

ThematicSessionVI:Semio-chemicalMethodologiesandAnalyses..................................44Talk:ComplexityofScentMarkinginRats:BehaviouralCharacterisation..................................44Talk:PTR-TOF-MSasatoolforstudyingvertebratechemicalecology:acasestudyontheuseinkairomonedeterminationinapredator-preycontext................................................................44Talk:Non-invasivesamplingofbodyodourtoinvestigatetheinformationcontentofmeerkatscent..........................................................................................................................................45Talk:Themaleeffect:findingawaythroughthejungleofchemicalcues..................................46Talk:Comparisonofdifferentanalyticalmethodsforpre-processinggaschromatographicdatainsemio-chemicalresearch........................................................................................................46Talk:SamplingandanalysisofVOCs&SVOCs–Whatarethebesttoolsforthejob?..................47

Opensession4.................................................................................................................48Talk:Temporalchemicalprofilingofurinevolatilecompoundsofdomesticcatsandtheirolfactorydiscriminationabilities................................................................................................48Talk:Identificationofkeycompoundsfortheindividualrecognitioninthedomesticcats.........48

Friday01September2017................................................................................................49

Plenary:Scentwars:unravellingthecomplexityofcompetitivescentsignalling...............49

ThematicSessionVII:Olfactoryadvertisement.................................................................50Talk:Urinaryvolatilesandbioindicatorsrelatedtoreproductivestatusingiantpanda(Ailuropodamelanoleuca).........................................................................................................50Talk:Femalesprefercooperativemalesbasedoncuesdifferentfromcooperativebehaviours:evidencefromtheMound-buildingmouse,Musspicilegus........................................................50Talk:Sex-steroidexcretioninurineasolfactoryadvertisementinEuropeanbadgers(Melesmeles)inrelationtocirculatingplasmatitres............................................................................51Talk:Scent-markingasHonestFitnessAdvertisementinEuropeanBadgers(Melesmeles)........51

PosterTalks4:Advertisement..........................................................................................52POSTER14:Changesincompositionofurineduringvariousperiodsofovariancycleinfemaleofdomesticdogs(Canisfamiliaris)................................................................................................52POSTER15:ScentCommunicationinBankVoles:Doesmaleinvestmentinfluencefemaleresponse?..................................................................................................................................53POSTER16:ExploringVOCsfromharbourporpoiseexcreta.......................................................53POSTER17:Putativepheromoneofsnowleopard,Pantherauncia(Schreber,1775).................54

Listofdelegates:..............................................................................................................55

Programme

Monday28.08.2017

17.30-21.00:RegistrationandWelcomeReception

Tuesday29.08.2017

8.30-9.15:WelcomeandOpeningSessionfortheCSiVXIV:CarstenTMüller&ChristinaDBuesching

9:20-13:00ThematicSessionI:Humanchemicalcommunication(chair:BenoistSchaal,JanHavlicek,&CraigS.Roberts)9.20-9.30:Introduction

9.30-9.50:Theeffectofdietaryrestrictionsonhumanbodyodourquality(J.Havlíček,J.Fialová&S.C.Roberts)

9.50-10.10:DriversofMHC-dependentmatechoiceinhumansandprimates(J.L.Abbate,J.Winternitz,E.Huchard,J.Havlíček&L.Z.Garamszegi)

10.10-10.30:Canyousmellthewinner?Theeffectofcompetitiononhumanbodyodour(JFialová,VTřebický&JHavlíček)

10.30-10.50:Evidenceandthoughtsabouttheinfluenceofsex,genderandcultureonhumanbodyodourperception(C.Ferdenzi,A.FournelArnaud&M.Bensafi)

10.50-11.20:Coffee

11.20-11.40:Olfactorily-conspicuousnipplesasvitalinterfacesforcolostrumintakeinhumans(BSchaal,M-LSeydel,SDoucet&KDurand)

11.40-12.00:Perfumepreferencesinhumancouples(S.C.Roberts,E.Simpson,J.Havlicek&C.Allen)

12.00-12.20:Investigatingtheartificiallyscentedape:Theimpactofartificialfragrancesonhumanolfactorycommunication(C.Allen,J.Havlíček,K.D.Cobey&S.C.Roberts)

12.20-12.40:Chemocommunicationinavision-ruledworld(J-YBaudouin,KDurand,A.Leleu,ASeigneuric&BSchaal)

12.40-13.00:Sexinguphumanpheromones:Howacorporationcreatedamythandleftatrailoffalsepositivespavedbypositivepublicationbias(T.Wyatt)

13.00-14.00:Lunch

14:00-15:20Opensession1(Chair:ChristinaDBuesching)

14.00-14.20:PheromoneofIndianLeopard,Pantherapardus(B.Ghosh,S.Das,P.Das,S.Manna,C.S.Pal,S.M.Poddar&R.L.Bhamachary)

14.20-14.40:Infantpandascannotdiscriminatebetweenteatodorsofdifferentlactatingfemales(D.Liu,X.Xie,H.Wu,B.Luo&G.Zhang)

14.40-15.00:DecodingMouseSocialCommunication(X.Fu,Y.Yan,P.Xu,IGeerling-Vidavsky,M.Gross&T.Holy)

15.00-15.50:COFFEE

15:50-16:50OpenSession2(CarstenTMüller)

15.50-16.10:Whatmayattractbluepetrelstotheirburrowsatnight?(M.Gabirot,F.Bonadonna&C.T.Müller)

16.10-16.30:HarderianGlandConstituentsMediateVomeronasalFunctioninginGarterSnakes(E.J.Bentz&R.T.Mason)

16.30-16.50:Effectsoflowenvironmentalcalciumonresponsestofoodandpredator-relatedodoursinfatheadminnows(R.S.Mirza&C.Cornell)

PubCrawl(leaving19:30h)

Wednesday30.08.2017

8.30-9.30:Plenary:FrankyBossuyt:Underwaterchemistrybetweensalamanders:Evolutionofacourtshippheromonesystem

9:30-12:40ThematicSessionII:Proteomics(Chair:SunitaJanssenswillen)

9.30-9.50:ChallengesinproteomicsoftheMUPmulti-genefamily(R.J.Beynon,A.J.Davidson,G.Gomez-Baena,V.M.Harman,L.McLean,M.Prescott,S.A.Roberts&J.L.Hurst)

9.50-10.10:Chemosignalsinanuranbreedingglands(L.M.Schulte,S.Janssenswillen,K.Roelants,S.Matthijs,P.Kok,I.VanBocxlaer&F.Bossuyt)

10.10-10.30:Anewcandidatecourtshippheromoneinaquaticallycourtingnewt(M.Maex,D.Treer,S.Janssenswillen,I.VanBocxlaer&F.Bossuyt)

10.30-10.50:MolecularcomplexityofscentsignalsintheNorwayrat(G.Gómez-Baena,K.Pounder,J.O.Halstead,S.D.Armstrong,M.Prescott,S.A.Roberts,L.McLean,J.L.Hurst,&R.J.Beynon)

10.50-11.20:Coffee

11.20-11.40:Impactofmaleeffectandanoestrusoestrusstatusesongoatolfactorysecretome(M.Chabi,C.LeDanvic,M.Chasles,M.Keller,P.Nagnan-LeMeillourP)

11.40-12.00:Identificationandcharacterizationofaseasonally-expressedsexuallydimorphicurinarylipocalininthebankvoleMyodesglareolus(G.M.Loxley,J.Unsworth,M.Turton,A.Davidson,A.Jebb,J.L.Hurst&R.J.Beynon)

12.00-12.20:Apreliminarystudyontheanalsacproteomeindogs(Canisfamiliaris)(S.Janssenswillen,M.Metzemaekers,P.Proost&F.Bossuyt)

12.20-12.40:PostertalksI:Proteomics

POSTER1:Beyondsodefrin:evidenceforamulti-componentpheromonesysteminthemodelnewtCynopspyrrhogaster(Salamandridae)(I.VanBocxlaer,M.Maex,D.Treer,S.Janssenswillen,R.Janssens,W.Vandebergh,P.Proost&F.Bossuyt)

POSTER2:Seasonalchangesinolfactoryproteinsofewe(P.Cann,M.Chabi,C.LeDanvic,R.Lami,M.Keller&P.Nagnan-LeMeillour)

POSTER3:Courtshippheromonesinmudpuppiesandwaterdogs(Necturus,Proteidae)(D.Treer,M.Maex,M.A.Stoops,A.Nagel,C.J.DeChant,I.VanBocxlaer&F.Bossuyt)

POSTER4:Anon-conventionalglycosylationisinvolvedinthecodingofspecificodorsindomesticpig(A.Joly,S.Potelle,C.Spriet,C.LeDanvic,P.NagnanLeMeillour)

12.20-14.00:Lunch

ThematicSessionIII:OlfactorySpeciation

14.00-14.20:Comparativeproteinstructurepredictionandelucidationofbovinevomeronasal1receptortype-I(VN1R1)adoptingIn-silicostudy(DurairajRajesh,C.Bienboire-Frosini&P.Pageat)

14.20-14.40:Novellipidmetabolismsystemdevelopedincatsproducesaspecies-specificchemosignal(M.Miyazaki,A.Futsuta,W.Hojo,T.Miyazaki&T.Yamashita)

14.40-15.00:OlfactoryspeciationinEurasianbadgersMelesspp.:Diversityofsubcaudalchemicalsandbehaviouralexperiments(Y.Kaneko,C.Newman,E.Raichev,S.Kosuga,S.Yachimori,M.Saito,Y.Kuramoto,D.W.Macdonald,S.Peeva&C.D.Buesching)

15.00-15.20:Odourdialectsamongwildmammals(E.F.Kean,M.W.Bruford,I.M.Russo,C.T.Müller&E.A.Chadwick)

15.20-16.10:COFFEE

16.10-16.30:Postertalks2:Proteomics(cont.)&Primateolfaction

POSTER5:QuantitativeProfilingofMajorUrinaryProteinsinWildMice(M.C.Prescott,G.Gómez-Baena,V.M.Harman,A.J.Davidson,S.A.Roberts,J.L.Hurst&R.J.Beynon)

POSTER6:Identificationandcharacterizationofaseasonally-expressedsexuallydimorphicurinaryproteinintwospeciesofMalagasymouselemurs,MicrocebusmurinusandMicrocebuslehilahytsara(G.Loxley,A.Trester,J.Unsworth,G.Gomez-Baena,U.Radespiel,E.Zimmermann,J.L.Hurst,R.J.Beynon)

POSTER7:Makingsenseofscents:Decipheringprimateolfactorycommunication(A.Poirier)

POSTER8:EffectsofMaleAxillaryExtractsontheLengthofMenstrualCycleinReproductiveAgeWomenandPre-MenopausalWomen(V.V.Voznessenskaya&T.K.Laktionova)

16:30-17:10OpenSession3

16.30-16.50:Socialodorspromotefood-relatedpreferencelearningthroughactivationoftheGC-D/necklaceolfactorysubsystem(A.D.Zimmerman,H.Zhi&S.D.Munger)

16.50-17.10:Influencesofexposuretomurinepheromoneonthenextgeneration(S.Koyama,H.Soini,U.Tadasu&M.Novotny)

Thursday31.08.2017

8.30-9.30: Plenary: Peter Apps: Do mammals have a world wide web ofinterspecificscentsignals,andcouldweconnecttoit?

9:30-10:10ThematicSessionIV:Inter-specificolfactorycues(Chair:P.Apps)

9.30-9.50:EarlyOlfactoryExperienceAffectsPerceptionofPredatorOdorsintheHouseMouse(V.V.Voznessenskaya,I.G.Kvasha,T.K.Laktionova,A.B.Klinov&M.A.Klyuchnikova)

9.50-10.10:Ontherepellentpropertiesofmouseurineodourtosmallwild-livingrodents(E.V.Kotenkova,I.A.Zhigarev,V.V.Alpatov,A.O.Shchukin,V.A.Babikov&Y.A.Bazhenov)

10.10-10.40:PosterTalks3:Inter-specificcues&Othercontributions

POSTER9:EffectofDomesticCatChemicalSignalsonRegulationofEstrousCyclesintheHouseMouseDependsonPresentationRate(T.K.Laktionova,I.Kvasha&V.V.Voznessenskaya)

POSTER10:Preliminaryresultsinferretolfactorycues(Mustelaputoriusfuro)asapredatorstimulusforthehousemice(Musmusculus)(P.C.Grau,J.Leclerq,E.Teruel,C.Lafont-Lecuelle&P.Pageat)

POSTER11:Measuringlactationinvestmentamongcommunallynursingfemalehousemice(A.Davidson,J.P.Green,C.DeMatosFerrazFranco,V.Lee,PStockley,R.J.Beynon&J.L.Hurst)

POSTER12:Latrineusepatternsofraccoondogs(Nyctereutesprocyonoides)inanurbanareaofTokyo(M.Tsunoda,Y.Kaneko,T.Sako,R.Koizumi,K.Iwasaki,I.Mitsuhashi,M.U.Saito,C.Newman,D.W.Macdonald&C.D.Buesching)

POSTER13:Tastepotentiatedcolourbiases:analternativemethodforassessingtastedetectionthresholdsinbirds(H.M.Rowland)

10.40-11.20:COFFEE

11:20-13:00ThematicSessionV:ScentofDisease(Chair:StefanieGervasi)

11.20-11.40LPS-inducedimmunesystemstimulationalterurinaryvolatilesandbehavioringrowingpigs(S.Devaraj,A.Rakhshandeh&J.McGlone)

11.40-12.00:Sharinganenvironmentwithsickconspecificsalterstheodorsofhealthymice(S.Gervasi,B.A.Kimball,M.Opiekun,T.Martin&G.K.Beauchamp)

12.00-12.20:Diseasedetectioninhumanolfaction(M.Olsson)

12.20-12.40:Thesmellofweakness:costsandconsequencesofinjuryforsocialodorcuesinring-tailedlemurs(R.Harris&C.Drea)

12.40-14.00:LUNCH

14:00-15:40ThematicSessionVI:Semio-chemicalMethodologiesandAnalyses(ChairCDBuesching)

14.00-14.20:ComplexityofScentMarkinginRats:BehaviouralCharacterisation(K.C.Pounder,G.Gómez-Baena,J.O.Halstead,M.Prescott,R.J.Beynon&J.L.Hurst)

14.20-14.40:PTR-TOF-MSasatoolforstudyingvertebratechemicalecology:acasestudyontheuseinkairomonedeterminationinapredator-preycontext(C.VanMoorleghem,M.Portillo-Estrada,Y.Lambreghts,I.A.Janssens&R.VanDamme)

14.40-15.00:Non-invasivesamplingofbodyodourtoinvestigatetheinformationcontentofmeerkatscent(B.M.Weiß,A.Marcillo,M.Kücklich,M.Manser,R.Holland,C.Birkemeyer&A.Widdig)

15.00-15.20:Themaleeffect:findingawaythroughthejungleofchemicalcues(C.LeDanvic,M.Dillenbourg,M.Keller,L.Schibler&P.Nagnan-LeMeillour)

15.20-15.40:Comparingdifferentanalyticalpre-processingmethodsofGCMSdatainecologicalresearch(C.D.Buesching,H.V.Tinnesand,C.T.Mueller&M.J.Noonan)

15.40-16.00:SamplingandanalysisofVOCs&SVOCs–Whatarethebesttoolsforthejob?(MassimoSantoro,IlariaFerrante,HannahCalder)

16:00-16.40:COFFEE

16:10-15:50Opensession4

16.30-16.50:Temporalchemicalprofilingofurinevolatilecompoundsofdomesticcatsandtheirolfactorydiscriminationabilities(ChiharuSuzuki,MinoruMaita,TamakoMiyazaki,TetsuroYamashita&MasaoMiyazaki)

16.50-17:10:Identificationofkeycompoundsfortheindividualrecognitioninthedomesticcats(MinoruMaita,ChiharuSuzuki,JanaCaspers,TetsuroYamashita,StefanSchulz&MasaoMiyazaki)

19.30-10.00:ConferenceDinner

Friday01.09.2017

8.30-9.30: Plenary: Jane Hurst: Scent wars: unravelling the complexity ofcompetitivescentsignalling

9:30-10:50ThematicSessionVII:Olfactoryadvertisement(ChairJaneHurst)

9.30-9.50:Urinaryvolatilesandbioindicatorsrelatedtothereproductivestatusingiantpanda(Ailuropodamelanoleuca)(M.Dehnhard&J.Brown)

9.50-10.10:Femalesprefercooperativemalesbasedoncuesdifferentfromcooperativebehaviours:evidencefromtheMound-buildingmouse,Musspicilegus(A.Tognetti,M.Raymond,G.Ganem&C.Faurie)

10.10-10.30:Sex-steroidexcretioninurineasolfactoryadvertisementinEuropeanbadgers(Melesmeles)inrelationtocirculatingplasmatitres(N.A.Sugianto,H.V.Tinnesand,D.W.Macdonald&C.D.Buesching)

10.30-10.50:Scent-markingasHonestFitnessAdvertisementinEuropeanBadgers(Melesmeles)(T.Allen,C.D.Buesching&D.W.Macdonald)

10.50-11.30:Coffee

11.30-11.50:PosterTalks4:Advertisement

POSTER14:Changesincompositionofurineduringvariousperiodsofovariancycleinfemaleofdomesticdogs(Canisfamiliaris)(M.Dzięcioł,A.Szumny,W.Niżański,T.Jezierski,M.Woszczyło&B.Pieczewska)

POSTER15:ScentCommunicationinBankVoles:Doesmaleinvestmentinfluencefemaleresponse?(H.Coombes,Stockley,R.J.Beynon&J.L.Hurst)

POSTER16:ExploringVOCsfromharbourporpoiseexcreta(M.Gabirot,B.Bouchard,A.Célérier,L.IJsseldijk&S.Campagna)

POSTER17:Putativepheromoneofsnowleopard,Pantherauncia(Schreber,1775)(S.Das,P.L.Das&M.P.Sarkar)

12.00-13.00:ClosingsessionandplanningofnextCSiVconference

13.00-14.00:Lunch

14.30:Excursions(CardiffCastle,DrWhoExperience)

AbstractsofTalksandPostersinorderofAppearance

Tuesday29August2017

ThematicSessionI:HumanChemicalCommunication(ChairB.Schaal,J.Havlicek&C.S.Roberts)

Talk:TheeffectofdietaryrestrictionsonhumanbodyodourqualityJ.Havlíček1,2,J.Fialová1,2&S.C.Roberts3

1FacultyofScience,CharlesUniversity,Prague,CzechRepublic;2NationalInstituteofMentalHealth,Klecany,CzechRepublic;3UniversityofStirling,Stirling,UKPreviousstudiesonvariousvertebrateshaveshownthatquantityandqualityoffoodintakeaffectodourattractivenessasperceivedbypotentialmates.Similarly,inhumans,thequalityofbodyodourisaffectedbyingestedfoods,suchasmeatandgarlicintake.Nevertheless,itisnotknownwhetherquantityoffoodhasanimpactonbodyodourattractiveness.Thus,herewetestedhowstarvationaffectsthehedonicqualityofhumanaxillaryodour.Odoursamples(cottonpadsfixedinbotharmpitsandwornfor12hours)wereobtainedfromhealthyfemaledonorsacrossthreeconditions:i)duringtheirhabitualfoodregime;ii)after48hoursofstarvation(drinkingwaterwasprovided),andiii)72hoursafterrestorationofcaloricintake.Axillarysampleswereassessedbymaleratersregardingtheirpleasantness,attractivenessandintensity.Wealsocollectedbloodsamplesforglucoselevelassays.Theodoursamplescollectedduringstarvationwereratedsignificantlylesspleasant,lessattractiveandmoreintensecomparedtoodoursamplescollectedafterrestorationoffeeding.Interestingly,wealsofoundthatbodyodourwasratedmorepleasant,moreattractiveandlessintenseafterrestorationoffoodintakethanpriortostarvation.Wealsocalculateddifferencesinratingsofsamplescollectedduringstarvingandafterstarving.Theincreaseinodourattractivenessasfeedingresumedwasnegativelyrelatedtoglucosechangeduringthesameperiod.Ourresultssuggestthatrestorationoffoodintakepositivelyinfluenceshedonicqualityofhumanbodyodourwhichmightthusprovidecuestocurrentfitnessstatusandmetabolicefficiency.

Talk:DriversofMHC-dependentmatechoiceinhumansandprimatesJ.L.Abbate1,J.Winternitz2,E.Huchard3,J.Havlíček4&L.Z.Garamszegi5

1CBGPInra(UMR1062Inra-IRD-Cirad-MontpellierSupAgro),Montferrier-sur-Lez,France2DepartmentofEvolutionaryEcology,MaxPlanckInstituteforEvolutionaryBiology,Ploen,Germany3CEFECNRS(UMR5175CNRS-UniversitédeMontpellier-EPHE),Montpellier,Fance4DepartmentofZoology,FacultyofScience,CharlesUniversity,Prague,CzechRepublic5DepartmentofEvolutionaryEcology,EstaciónBiológicadeDoñana-CSIC,41092,Seville,Spain

Genesofthemajorhistocompatibilitycomplex(MHC)invertebratesareintegralforeffectiveadaptiveimmuneresponseandareassociatedwithsexualselection.EvidencesupportsMHC-basedpreferencefordiverseanddissimilarmatingpartners,inarangeofvertebratesfromfishtononhumanprimates.However,evidencefromhumanmatechoicestudieshasbeenmorecontroversial.Here,weperformedaphylogeneticallycontrolledmeta-analysiswithmeta-regressiontechniquesusing58effectsizesfrom30studiesacross7primatespeciesinanefforttounderstandwhatprocessesmayimpactMHC-mediatedmatechoiceinhumansandnon-humanprimates.Bothhumanandnon-humanprimatestudiesshowedevidenceofmateselectionforMHC-diversity.Incontrast,therewasnogeneraltrendforMHC-dissimilarity,andforhumans,effectsizeswereobservedforbothMHC-dissimilarandsimilarmates.Couplesprimarilyshowedsimilaritypreferences,suggestingtheinfluenceofsocio-culturalassortativebiases.

Talk:Canyousmellthewinner?TheeffectofcompetitiononhumanbodyodourJ.Fialová1,2,V.Třebický1,2&J.Havlíček1,2

1FacultyofScience,CharlesUniversity,Prague,CzechRepublic;2NationalInstituteofMentalHealth,Klecany,CzechRepublic;Previousresearchhassuggestedthatsomevertebratessuchasrodentsuseodourcuestoassessindividuals´competitiveabilitiesordominance.Similarly,itwasshownthattheodourofdominantmalesisperceivedbywomenasmoreattractiveandbodyodourcollectedduringcompetitionelicitshigherskinconductanceresponsecomparedtonon-competitivecontext.Here,weinvestigatedwhetherwinningandlosingamatch,amarkerofpossiblechangeindominancehierarchy,willinfluencehedonicvalenceofhumanbodyodour.Weemployedmixedmartialarts(MMA)asamodelofreal-lifephysicalencounters.Wecollectedbodyodoursamples(samplingoncottonT-shirtsfor30minutes)fromasetofMMAfightersbeforeandaftertheirfightonCzechAmateurMMAleague.Obtainedstimuliweresubsequentlyratedapanelofratersregardingtheirpleasantness,attractiveness,andintensity.Wefoundsignificantdifferencesinbodyodoursamplescollectedbeforeandafterthefightinindividualswholosttheirfight.Theirbodyodourwasratedaslessattractiveafterthefight.Incontrast,therewasnochangeinodourattractivenessinthewinners.Further,nosimilarpatternwasobservedinpleasantnessandintensity.Ourresultsshowsignificanteffectofcompetitionoutcomeonperceivedqualityofhumanbodyodourwithdecreasedattractivenessinlosers.Theseresultsmightbeduetothedifferencesinaffectivestateswhichwerepreviouslyshowntoaffectthequalityofbodyodour.

Talk:Evidenceandthoughtsabouttheinfluenceofsex,genderandcultureonhumanbodyodourperception

C.Ferdenzi,A.Fournel&M.Bensafi

LyonNeuroscienceResearchCenter,CNRS-Inserm-UniversityClaudeBernardLyon1,Lyon,France.

Althoughsocialcommunicationisoneofthemajorfunctionsofolfactioninnumerousspecies,inhumansmanyaspectsofthisfunctionremainpoorlyunderstood.Thereisincreasingevidencethatodoursnaturallyemittedbythehumanbodyareextremelyimportantininterpersonalrelationshipsandthattheyinfluencemateattractiveness.However,ourknowledgeisonlypartialwhenitcomestothenatureofthechemicalcompoundsinvolvedbutalsotothesocio-culturalmodulationofhumanolfactorysocialcommunication.Whilemanystudieshavefocusedonandrostenesaspossiblyrelevantchemosignals,othercompoundssuchasthoseproducedinsex-specificamountsdeserveattention.Here,Iwillpresentseveralstudiesinvestigatinghowsomeofthelattercompoundsareperceivedandinfluencepersonperception,differentiallyinmenandwomen.Iwillalsodiscusschallengesforfutureresearchinthisarea,suchastheunderstandingtheoriginofsuchsexdifferences,andespeciallyhowsocio-culturalfactorsmayshapetheminaccordancewithsocialnorms,individual’sexperienceandcurrentneeds.Anotherstimulatingchallengeistousecross-culturalresearchtoincreaseourunderstandingofhowbodyodoursinfluencehumansocialinteractions.Todevelopthisidea,Iwillpresentasetofcross-culturalstudiesaboutodour-relatedfeelingsandattention,withaparticularfocusonaspectsrelatedwithpeople’sodour.Thiswilloffersomethoughtsonpossiblefuturedirections,combiningthestudyofculturaldifferencesinhumanolfactionandthestudyofsocialcommunicationthroughbodyodours.

AMCoffeebreak

Talk:Olfactorily-conspicuousnipplesasvitalinterfacesforcolostrumintakeinhumansB.Schaal,M.-L.Seydel,S.Doucet&K.Durand

DevelopmentalEthologyandCognitivePsychologyGroup,CenterforSmell,TasteandFoodScience,CNRS-UniversitédeBourgogne,Dijon,France

Afterbirth,fragilenewbornsmustingestthecolostrumasswiftlyaspossibletoincorporaterelatedbenefitssuchasimmuno-protection,growthofdigestivetract,andcolonizationbygutmicrobiota.Reciprocally,femalesmustrespondtimelytotheiroffspringbecauseanydelayincolostrumtransferopensthewaytopredationbypathogenicbacteria.Inthisselectiveframe,femaleshadtoevolutionarilyelaboratemilk-deliveringinterfacesthatbothattractandboostsuckingintheirnewborn,whereasnewbornshadtodetect,process,andadequatelyreacttonipples.Onesensorymeanbywhichnipplesaremadeconspicuoustohumannewbornsisolfaction.Thenipplesoflactatingwomenareindeedendowedwithareolarglands(AG)whichdevelopmentpeaksbytheendofgestationandduringlactation.Theseareolarglands(so-calledMontgomeryglands)arecomposedofsebaceousglandscoalescedwithisolatedlactealacini.Tworeplicatestudies(Schaaletal.,2006;Doucetetal.,2012)haveestablishedarelationshipbetweenthenumberofAG,mother-reportedsuckingoftheinfant,infantweightgainbetweenpostnataldays1and3,andonsetofstage-2lactation.Here,wepresenta3rdreplicatestudytofurtherverifytherelationshipsbetweentheaforementionedvariablesinthe4veryfirstbreast-feeds,withtheassumptionthattheseinauguralfeedsarethosewhichconveythemostprotectiveeffectsonnewborns.

Amongthe67women(35primiparous)followedup,89.6%had1to15AGoneachareola.TheyallacceptedtocompletetheInfantBreast-FeedingAssessmentTool(IBFAT)afterthefirst4feeds,beforeandafterwhichtheirinfantswereweighed.Theirlactationalphysiologywasfollowedupinassessing3criteriaofincreasedbreastactivity.ItcameoutthatthenumberofAGwaspositivelyrelatedtoreportsofinfantsucking,especiallyinprimiparousmothers.Additionally,womenhavinghigherendowmentsinAGevincedshorterlatencytolactationonsetandtheirinfantstookmoreweightbetweenbirthandday3.ThisstudyevidencessignificantlinksbetweenAGandadaptiveresponsesofneonatesattheirveryfirstcontactwiththelactatingbreast.AGhavingbeenotherwiseshowntoemitsecretionsthatarehighlyreactogenictonewborns(Doucetetal.,2009),wehypothesizethattheseeffectsaremediatedbysomepotentchemicalsignal(s)releasedbyAG.

Talk:PerfumepreferencesinhumancouplesS.C.Roberts1,E.Simpson1,J.Havlicek2,3&C.Allen4

1UniversityofStirling,Stirling,UK;2NationalInstituteofMentalHealth,Klecany,CzechRepublic;3FacultyofScience,CharlesUniversity,Prague,CzechRepublic;4InstituteofNeuroscience,NewcastleUniversity,NewcastleuponTyne,UKSeveralstudiesofhumanmatechoicehaveprovidedevidencefordisassortativeodourpreferences,assometimesoccursinotherspecies,andthatexpressionofthesepreferencesinwomenmaybeinfluencedbyuseofhormonalcontraception.Otherstudiesindicatethatindividualperfumechoicesareinfluencedbytheirinteractionwithone’sownbodyodour,suchthatchoicemaybecriticallyinfluencedbytheperceptionoftheemergentperfume-bodyodourblend.Inlightofthis,wetestedtwopredictionsregardingperfumepreferencesinestablishedheterosexualcouples:(1)thatmembersofthecoupleshouldhavedivergentpreferencesforfragrances,and(2)thatthemagnitudeofwithin-coupledivergenceinpreferenceshouldbereducedbythewoman’suseofhormonalcontraception.Totestthesepredictions,eachmanandwomanin27couplesindependentlyassessedaseriesofeightfragranceaccordsusedinmodernperfumery.Wefoundthat,contrarytoprediction,within-couplepreferencesforfragranceaccordswerepositively,notnegatively,correlated.Concordanceinpreferencewasnotrelatedtothewoman’scontraceptiveuse,eithercurrentlyorpreviouslywhenthecouplemet;however,concordanceinpreferencedidpredictaspectsofrelationshipsatisfactioninwomen,butnottheirmalepartners.Ourresultssuggestthatassortativepreferencesforodoursmaybemoreimportantthanpreviouslybelieved,andthatsharedodourpreferencesmaybelinkedtoaspectsofhumanrelationshipfunctioning.

Talk:Investigatingtheartificiallyscentedape:Theimpactofartificialfragrancesonhumanolfactorycommunication

C.Allen1,J.Havlíček2,3,K.D.Cobey4&S.C.Roberts5

1InstituteofNeuroscience,NewcastleUniversity,NewcastleuponTyne,UK

2FacultyofScience,CharlesUniversity,Prague,CzechRepublic3NationalInstituteofMentalHealth,Klecany,CzechRepublic4OttawaHospitalResearchInstitute,Ottawa,Canada5UniversityofStirling,Stirling,UKThoughonceconsideredtobefunctionallyanosmicthereisnowagrowingbodyofevidencesupportingtheroleofolfactorycommunicationinhumans.Thisresearchoftenfocuseson‘natural’odours,requiringparticipantstoavoidallfragrancedproductsduringodourcollection.However,wearguethatitisimportanttounderstandhowhumanodoursinteractwithartificialfragrances,andhowthismayaffectolfactorycommunication,giventhatfragrancesarecurrently,andhistorically,ubiquitousacrosssocietiesandcultures.Onestudywillbepresentedwhichinvestigatedtheimpactofartificialfragrancesonourabilitytodiscriminatebetweentheodoursofindividualswhentheywerewearingnofragrance,afragranceoftheirchoice,andanexperimenterassignedfragrance.Ourfindingssuggestthatfragrancechoicemaybeimportant,withdiscriminationratesbeingabovechanceinallconditions,butimportantlywithperformancebeingbetterwhenanindividualwaswearingafragranceofchoicecomparedtoanexperimenterassignedfragrance.Thesecondstudypresentedexaminedtheimpactoffragrancesonourabilitytoaccuratelyassessmatechoicerelevantcuesinbodyodour.Weinvestigatedtheconsistencyofassessmentsbetweenfacesandodours,bothwithandwithoutfragrance,findingthatfragrancesmayenhancecertaincuesinspecificindividuals,potentiallyinterferingwithourabilitytoaccuratelyassessthesecues.Thetwostudiestogetherdemonstratethattheimpactofartificialfragrancesmaybemorecomplexthanoriginallythought,neithersimplymaskingnorenhancingodours,withoutcomesappearingtobedependentonthetypeofinformationbeinginvestigated.

Talk:Chemocommunicationinavision-ruledworldJ.-Y.Baudouin,K.Durand,A.Leleu,A.Seigneuric&B.Schaal

DevelopmentalEthologyandCognitivePsychologyGroup,CenterforSmell,TasteandFoodScience,CNRS-UniversitédeBourgogneFranche-Comté,Dijon,France

Onecanonlyacknowledgethatthehumancommunicationsystemisoverwhelminglydominatedbyvisionand,toalesserextent,byaudition.Thisspecies-typicalsensoryratioledtoastrongbiasinfavorofresearchonvisual/acousticawarenessinenvironmentalandsocialcontexts.Olfactionhasbeenforlongdowngradedtoaminor,relictualsensemodality,thedefectorlossofwhichbeingconsideredasalmostinconsequential.Thelastdecadesofresearchhavenowclearlyshownthatolfactioninfiltratetheregulationofallaspectsofhumanbehaviourandthatanosmiaincursdeepcostsonthequalityofeverydaylife,especiallyinself-adaptationandsocialexchanges.Despitethisrecentconceptualreversal,olfactionremainsmassivelystudiedforitself,inrelativeisolationfromtheothersenses.Thepresenttalkaimstosummarizeseveralstudiesontheeffectsofodorcuesonvariousaspectsofhumanvisualbehaviour.Specificeffectswillbereportedontheimpactoftheodourcontextonthedirectionalityandtemporaldynamicsofvisualbehaviourinsocialand

non-socialsituationsinbothadultsandinfants.Odorcuescontributetothemultisensoryinterpretationofambiguousvisualcues,inawaytoincreaseaccurateresponses.Insum,theseresultsconfirmthatolfactionhasaclear,althoughsubtle,influenceonvisualprocesses,bringinganotherargumenttodismissthemythwhichobstinatelydefineshumansas“microsmatic”.

Talk:Sexinguphumanpheromones:Howacorporationcreatedamythandleftatrailoffalsepositivespavedbypositivepublicationbias

T.Wyatt

Dept.ofZoology,UniversityofOxford

Acorporationinterestedinpatenting‘humanpheromones’forprofitcreatedalonglastingmyththathasdrawninmanyscientistsaswellasthegeneralpublic.Idescribewhatwentwrongandwhatwouldbeneededtoestablishthatwedohavepheromones(chemicalsignalswithinaspecies).Ashumansaremammals,wemayhavepheromones.However,thereisnorobustbioassay-ledevidenceforthewidelypublishedclaimsthatfoursteroidmoleculesarehumanpheromones:androstenone,androstenol,androstadienone,andestratetraenol.Positiveresultsarehighlylikelytobefalsepositives.Instead,weneedtotaketheleadfromDarwinandtreatourselvesasifwewereanewlydiscoveredmammal,andusetherigorousmethodsalreadyprovensuccessfulinpheromoneresearchonotherspecies.

LunchBreak

Opensession1(Chair:ChristinaDBuesching)Talk:PheromoneofIndianLeopard,Pantherapardus

B.Ghosh1,2,S.Das1,P.Das1,S.Manna1,S.PalChowdhury3,M.PoddarSarkar1&R.L.Bhamachary4

1DepartmentofBotany(CentreofAdvancedStudy),ChemicalsignalandLipidomicslab.,UniversityofCalcutta,Kolkata700019,India;2DepartmentofZoology,BidhannagarCollege,Govt.ofWestBengal,SaltLakeCity,Kolkata700064,India;3DirectorateofForests(WildlifeWing),BikashBhawan,SaltLakeCity,Govt.ofWestBengal,Kolkata700098,India;421B,Flat10,DumdumMotijheel,Kolkata700076,India.

EthochemicalcharacterisationofMarkingFluid(MF)andUrinary(UR)pheromoneoftheIndianLeopard,Pantherapardusfusca(Meyer,1794)werecarriedoutforlastfewyearsonsomewild-bornbutrescuedandrearedundercaptivityintworehabilitationcentresofWestBengal(26˚25ʹ102ʺN,89˚43ʹ33.366ʺEand26˚37ʹ5.142ʺN,89˚12ʹ26.412ʺE),India.Wehighlightthreemodesof'scentmarking'inboththesexesofleopard-directsquirtingwhilestandingerectandthetailisraisedupward(MF),secondsquirtingposturewithlowheight-jetandkeepingkneesbent(MFU)andthethirdonenormalurination(UR)withfoldedlegswhentailalmosttouchestheground.Otherbehaviourslikeflehmen,cheekandbody

rubbing,nailscratching,vigoroussniffinganddifferentcallswerealsodocumented.HeadspacevolatileswereanalysedfromMFandUrineofbothsexesthroughSolidPhaseMicro-ExtractionguidedGasChromatographyMassSpectrometry(SPME-GCMS).About25compoundswithvariousfunctionalgroupssuchaspyrrole,phenylethylalcohol,benzaldehyde,octanal,methoxy-phenyloxime,acetophenoneetc.wereidentified.TheelusivearomamoleculeofIndianBasmatiricei.e.2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline(2AP)whichwasidentifiedearlierintigerwasalsodetectedfromvolatilomeofMFoftheanimal.Varioussaturatedandmono-unsaturated,poly-unsaturatedandbranchedchainfattyacidslikehexadecanoic,octadecanoic,docosanoicacid,12-octadecenoic,9,12-octadecadienoic,10-methyldodecanoic,14-methylhexadecanoicacidetc.werealsoidentifiedfromMFandURofLeopard.Thelipidcontainingtriglycerides,waxesters,sterolesters,freefattyacidsetcmightactasfixatives.Theamountoflipidextractedisrangedfrom1-3mg/ml.

Talk:InfantpandascannotdiscriminatebetweenteatodorsofdifferentlactatingfemalesD.Liu1,X.Xie1,H.Wu1,B.Luo2&G.Zhang2

1KeyLaboratoryofBiodiversityScienceandEcologicalEngineeringofMinistryofEducation,CollegeofLifeSciences,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing,China;2KeyLaboratoryforReproductionandConservationGeneticsofEndangeredWildlifeofSichuanProvince,ChinaConservationandResearchCenterfortheGiantPanda,Wolong,Sichuan,China

Particularlyinmammals,itisvitalthatneonatescandiscriminatetheirownmotherfromotherfemales.Awealthofstudiesongroup-livingspeciesfromabroadvarietyofanimaltaxaincludinghumansshowsthatinfantsprefertheirmother’sbodyodoroverotherfemales;yet,studiesonsolitaryanimalsareunavailable.Toexamineifgiantpandainfantscandiscriminateteatodorsoflactatingfemales,wefirstusedaparadigmofhabituation-dishabtituationtoinvestigateiftheinfantscandiscriminatetheteatodoroftheirmotherfromthatofanovellactatingfemale.Next,weexaminedifthoseinfantsprefertheirmother’steatodorstothatfromanovellactatingfemaleusingatwo-choicetest.Ourresultsshowedthattheinfantswerehabituatedtotheirmother’steatodorinthehabituationphase(P=0.002,n=7),yetshownosignificantincreasedinterests(investigating,sniffingandplayingwith)intheteatodorofanunfamiliarlactatingfemale(P=0.083,n=7).Duringthetwo-choicetest,thoseinfantsdidnotshowsignificantodorpreferencestoeithersourceofteatodorsoflactatingfemales.Byreferringtoapreviousstudyonthediscriminationbetweenmotheranddaughterafterweaning,weprimarilyconcludethatinfantpandasmaynotbeabletodiscriminatetheteatodoroflactatingfemalekinfromnon-kin.FurtheranalysesofthechemicalcomponentsoftheteatodorbyGC-MSarenecessarytoresolvethispointunambiguously.

Talk:DecodingMouseSocialCommunication

X.FuXiaoyan1,Y.Yan2,P.Xu1,IL.Geerling-Vidavsky2,M.Gross2&T.Holy1

1DepartmentofNeuroscience,WashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis,USA2DepartmentofChemistry,WashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis,USA

Mouseurineisarichsourceofpheromonesandothersocialodorcueswhichconveyinformationaboutsex,socialstatus,andidentity;however,themolecularnatureofthesecuesisessentiallyunknown.Thevomeronasalorgan(VNO)ofmammalsplaysanessentialroleindetectingcomplexchemicalsignalsthatconveyinformationaboutgender,strain,andthesocialandreproductivestatusofanindividual.Weusedtheresponsesoftheseneuronsasanassaytoidentifyactivecompoundsinurine.Usingaplanararrayof60extracellularmultieletrodestosimultaneouslyrecordsensoryresponsesoflargenumbersofvomeronasalsensoryneurons(VSNs)intheisolatedvomeronasalneuroepithelium(Holyetal,2000),weisolatedthespikingresponsesofindividualVSNsduringinterleavedstimulationwithurinesamplesofbothgendersoffourstrains’(BALB/CJ,CBA/J,C57BL/6J,DBA/2J)mouse.ThesesameurineextractswereprofiledwithnanoLC-MS/MStoquantifytherelativeabundanceoftheindividualmolecularcomponentsacrossdifferenturinesamples.Wedevelopedanewapproach,component-activitymatching(CAM)(Fuetal,2015)toselectcandidateligandsthat‘‘explain’’patternsofbioactivityacrossdiversecomplexmixtures.Usingthisnewapproach,bothpreviously-identified(Nordorietal,2008)andnovelsex-andstrain-specificcompoundswere(Fuetal,2015)orwillbeidentified.Thisapproachprovidesanunprecedentedwaytoacceleratetheidentificationofthemolecularnatureforchemicalcommunicationamongmice.

PMCoffeeBreak

OpenSession2(CarstenTMüller)

Talk:Whatmayattractbluepetrelstotheirburrowsatnight?

M.Gabirot1,F.Bonadonna1&C.T.Müller2

1CEFE-CNRS,Montpellier,France2SchoolofBiosciences,CardiffUniversity,Cardiff,UK

Hypogeanpetrelsreturnduringthesummermonthsonremoteislandstobreed.Thecombinationofnocturnalbehavioursandnestinginthesameburrowcouldallowevolutionofelaborateolfactorysensesinthesepetrels.Theirstrongmuskyodour,theiranatomyandtheirlifestylehaveledauthorstosuggesttheimportantroleofolfactionandplumageinsocialfunctions.Behaviouralexperimentsshowedthatolfactorycuesaresufficienttoallowidentificationoftheirownnest.Achemicalstabilesignaturemightemanatefromburrowandbeinvolvedinnestrecognition.Howevernothingisknownabouttheoriginandthe

characteristicsoftheseodours.Consequentlyweinvestigatedanddevelopedanovelrobustmethodologyforcapture,analysisandcharacterizationofvolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs)fromnestsofbluepetrels.WecomparedchemicalprofilesfromneststoidentifyVOCskeepingalongyears,originatedfrombirdsornot.Toverifytheimportanceoftheresidentinburrowonnestscents,wealsoextractedVOCsfromfeathers.Despiteofchemicalvariationsamongyearsobserved,nestodourscontainedsocialinformationsuchasspecies,occupancyandnestidentity.Eachnestseemedtohaveasingularchemicalsignature.ImportantlysomeinformativeVOCsfromfeatherswerealsopresentinnestodoursyieldingachemicalsignatureofburrowpotentiallyimplicatedinnestrecognition.Thisworkrepresentsthefirstmultidisciplinarycasestudyofavianchemicalcommunicationusingprincipallyairbornesignals.Theelucidationoftheorigin,natureandfunctionofchemicalcommunicationinbirdshasmajoreco-evolutionaryimplicationsforourunderstandingofavianecology.

Talk:HarderianGlandConstituentsMediateVomeronasalFunctioninginGarterSnakes

E.J.Bentz&R.T.Mason

DepartmentofIntegrativeBiology,OregonStateUniversity,USA

TheHarderianglandisthelargestcephalicglandinmostterrestrialvertebrates,butdespitenumerousstudiesformorethan300years,itsphysiologicalfunctionremainsunresolved.Harderianglandsecretionsarediverseamongdifferenttaxaandmultiplelinesofinquiryhaveresultedinmanyputativefunctionsbeingascribedincludingproductionoflipids,porphyrinsandimmuneproteins.TheHarderianglandsofsquamatereptilesarephysicallyconnectedtothevomeronasalorganandsolelyproducethefluidsinthevomeronasallumen.Proteincomponentsofthesesecretionsareessentialtovomeronasalchemosensoryfunctionfacilitatingthedetectionofsexpheromonesandpreykairomones,chemicalsignalsessentialtomaterecognition,mateselection,andfeeding.Malered-sidedgartersnakes(Thamnophissirtalisparietalis)usetheirvomeronasalorganexclusivelytolocateandevaluatepotentialmatesbasedonfemalesexpheromones,whereasfemalesdonotactivelysearchformates.AnalysisoftheproteincomponentsofgartersnakeHarderianglandsecretionsviaSDS-PAGEshowseveralsecretedproteinswithsexuallydimorphicexpressionpatternslikelytobetargetsofselectionandimportanttothenaturalhistoryofthesesnakes.PreliminaryRNAsequencingresultsshowhighexpressionoflipocalins–proteinswhichbindandsolubilizelipidsinaqueoussolutionlikelyactingaspheromone-bindingproteinsfacilitatingthedetectionofthenonpolarfemalesexualattractivenesspheromone.FurtheranalysesoftheproteincomponentsofHarderianglandsecretionsviamass

spectrometryandhighthroughputRNAsequencingaimtorevealtheidentityofthesesecretedproteins.

Talk:Effectsoflowenvironmentalcalciumonresponsestofoodandpredator-relatedodoursinfatheadminnows.

R.S.Mirza,Reehan&C.Cornell

DepartmentofBiologyandChemistry,NipissingUniversity,Canada

RecentlyithasbeenfoundinareasofNorthernOntario,WesternEuropeandtheNortheasternUnitedStatesthatCalciumhasbeendecliningduetodecadesofacidraindepositionleachingoutcalciumfromthesoil.Thishasledtodeclinesinzooplanktonspecies,andchangesininvertebratecommunitystructure.Inthisstudy,welookedattheabilityoffatheadminnows,Pimephalespromelas,torespondtofoododours,injury-releasedalarmcuesanddietalarmcuesafterbeingacclimatedtolowcalciumconditions(1mg/L)for7days.Minnowsdidnotincreasesearchactivitytofoododourscomparedtotheblankwatercontrol,butappearedtoshowasearchresponsetobothexperimentalandcontrolodours.Whenexposedtoinjury-releasedalarmcues,minnowsdidnotshowafrightresponsetoinjury-releasedalarmcuesunderlowcalciumconditions.Interestingly,minnowsstillexhibitedafrightresponsetochemicalcuesfromlargemouthbassfedfatheadminnows,butnottocuesfrombassfedkrillunderlowandnormalcalciumconditions(3mg/L).Takentogether,alackofenvironmentalcalciumimpairstheabilityoffatheadminnowstodetectimportantecologicalodours.However,someabilitiesaremaintainedafter7days.Wealsogainsomeinsightintotheuseofcalciumwithinvariousolfactorypathwayswithinfishbrains.

Wednesday30August2017

PLENARY:Underwaterchemistrybetweensalamanders:Evolutionofacourtshippheromonesystem

F.Bossuyt

AmphibianEvolutionLab,BiologyDepartment,VrijeUniversiteitBrussel(VUB),Pleinlaan2,B-1050Brussels,Belgium

Newts,aquaticallyreproducingsalamandersofthefamilySalamandridae,haveevolutionarystronglydiversifiedincourtshipstrategies.Forexample,whilemalesofsomespeciesfirmlyholdthefemaleinanamplexus,othershaveabandonedphysicalcontactaltogetherandorchestratethecourtshipprocessbytail-fanningpheromonestowardsthefemale.These

pheromonesareproteinsoftheSodefrinPrecursor-likeFactor(SPF)family,whichalreadyhadacourtshipfunctionintheearliestsalamandersabout300millionyearsago.Althoughthepheromonesystemessentiallyretaineditsfunctionofenhancingfemalereceptivitythroughoutsalamanderevolution,SPFproteinsdiversifiedthroughmultiplegeneduplications,andmanynewtsstillco-expressahighphylogeneticdiversityoftheseproteins.HereIwillreviewhowthecombinationoftranscriptomics,proteomicsandmolecularphylogeneticshasproducedinsightsinSPFpheromoneevolution,includingdivergenceatspeciation,evolutioninrelationtochangingcourtshipstrategies,andtheoriginofpheromones.

ThematicSessionII:Proteomics(Chair:SunitaJanssenswillen)Talk:ChallengesinproteomicsoftheMUPmulti-genefamily

R.J.Beynon1,A.J.Davidson2,G.Gomez-Baena1,V.M.Harman1,L.McLean1,M.Prescott1,S.A.Roberts2&J.L.Hurst2

1CentreforProteomeResearch,UniversityofLiverpool,Liverpool,L697ZJ;2MammalianBehaviourandEvolutionGroup,LeahurstCampus,UniversityofLiverpool,CH647TE

Multigenefamilies,suchastheMUPcluster,encodemanyproteinsthatareverysimilarintheirmatureproteinsequences.Thisimposesmultiplechallenges,bothintermsofidentificationandquantificationofdifferentisoformsthatcanbeaddressedbyproteomics.However,manyproteomicsapproachesrequiretheanalysisofpeptidesderivedbyenzymicfragmentationoftargetproteins.InthecaseofMUPs,manysuchpeptidesaresharedbetweenmultipleisoforms,renderingidentificationorquantificationextremelychallenging.Further,theMUPclusterisdynamicandthereisconsiderableevidenceforpreviouslyuncharacterisedproteinsinwild-derivedsamples,renderingtheinbredmousereferencegenomeoflimitedvalue.Inthispresentation,IwilldiscussstrategiesforselectivedeploymentofanalyticalapproachestoisolateandquantifyindividualMUPs,andtoproducearobustanalysisofurinaryMUPpatterncomplexityandstability.Iwillshowhowapproachesonhighresolutionanalysisofintactproteinmassandchargecanrevealdifferencesinexpressionpatternbetweenindividuals,andconfirmthestabilityofsuchpatternsovertime.IwillalsodiscussrationalapproachestoanalysisofMUP-derivedpeptides,andhowcarefulanalysisofthesepeptidescanleadtorobustapproachestoquantificationandtheidentificationofnewMUPs.

Talk:Chemosignalsinanuranbreedingglands

L.M.Schulte,S.Janssenswillen,K.Roelants,S.Matthijs,P.Kok,I.VanBocxlaer&F.Bossuyt

AmphibianEvolutionLab,BiologyDepartment,VrijeUniversiteitBrussel(VUB),Pleinlaan2,B-1050Brussels,Belgium

Chemicalsignalingisanimportantcomponentofthecourtshipdisplayofmanyaquaticandterrestrialsalamanders.Mostknownpheromonesarepeptidesorproteinswhichareexpressedandsecretedfromspecies-specificmalebreedingglandsduringthereproductiveseasontoattractfemalesortostimulatetheirmatingbehaviours.Becauseanurans(i.e.frogsandtoads)spendalotofenergyinacousticandvisualsignaling,chemicalcommunicationduringcourtshiphasreceivedmuchlessattentioninthisamphibianorder.However,anuransalsohaveawidediversityofsexuallydimorphicglands,whichduetotheirassociationwithpeculiarbreedingbehavioursandtheirhistologicalsimilaritytosalamanderglandshavebeensuggestedtocontaincourtshippheromonesaswell.Becauseofthisgrowingawarenessthatchemosignalsinfrogsmaybemorecommonthancurrentlyappreciated,wecollectedawiderangeofdifferentfrogspeciesduringtheirreproductiveseasons,coveringadiverseselectionofbreedingglandtypesandcombinedhistologywithtranscriptomics,proteomicsandmolecularphylogeneticstosearchforpheromonecandidates.Ouranalysesshowhighlydifferentexpressionpatternsfordifferenttypesofglands,butindicatethatseveralofthemmaybeassociatedwithcourtshipbehavioursincertainspecies.Ourstudythusfurthersupportsaroleforpheromonecontainingbreedingglandsinchemicalcommunicationduringanurancourtship.

Talk:Anewcandidatecourtshippheromoneinaquaticallycourtingnewts.

M.Maex,D.Treer,S.Janssenswillen,I.VanBocxlaer&F.BossuytAmphibianEvolutionLab,BiologyDepartment,VrijeUniversiteitBrussel(VUB),Pleinlaan2,B-1050Brussels,Belgium

Malesofadvancedsalamanders(Salamandroidea)areuniqueamongvertebratesinhavinginternalfertilizationwithoutcopulation.Instead,spermistransferredviaanexternalspermatophore,whichthefemaletakesupwithhercloaca.Sinceasuccessfultransferofspermheavilyreliesonafemalefollowingthemaletrackatspermatophoredeposition,maleshaveevolvedvariouscourtshipdisplaystopersuadeafemaleinpickingupthesperm.Inseveralaquaticallyreproducingnewts,malesdonotlongerdisplayphysicalcontactduringcourtship,butinsteadrelyonemittingchemosignalstothefemale.Previously,weisolatedandexperimentallytestedproteinpheromonesoftheSodefrinPrecursor-likeFactor(SPF)familyanddemonstratedthattheycanelicitfemalecourtshipresponsesinaEuropeannewt.Herewecombinedproteomicanalyseswithtranscriptomeanalyses(RNASeq)ofthepheromone-producingglandtoshowthatseveralEuropeannewtspeciesadditionallysecretemultiple15kDaproteinsinthewaterduringcourtship.Thesecysteine-richproteinsdonotshowanyapparentrelationshiptootherknownproteinsinvertebratesandare,similartoSPF,amongthemosthighlyexpressedproteinsinthepheromone-producingglands.Thishighexpression,togetherwithabundantsecretionduringtail-fanninginwater,suggeststhatthe15kDaproteinsserveacourtshippheromonefunctioninnewts.

Altogether,ourstudypresentsasetofpromisingpheromonecandidatesthatwillbestudiedinfuturebehaviouralexperiments.Talk:MolecularcomplexityofscentsignalsintheNorwayrat

G.Gómez-Baena1,K.C.Pounder2,J.O.Halstead2,S.D.Armstrong1,M.Prescott1,S.A.Roberts2,L.McLean1,J.L.Hurst2&R.J.Beynon1

1CentreforProteomeResearch,InstituteofIntegrativeBiology,UniversityofLiverpool,CrownStreet,L697ZB,Liverpool,UnitedKingdom;2MammalianBehaviourandEvolutionGroup,UniversityofLiverpool,LeahurstCampus,Neston,UnitedKingdom

Chemicalcommunicationinrodentsismediatedbysignalsdepositedintheenvironmentviaurinaryscentmarks.WeperformedadetailedmolecularcharacterizationofnaturallyvoidedurineanddeliberatescentmarkdepositsinRattusnorvegicus,includingsamplesfromratsofthelaboratorystrainsWistarHanandBrownNorwayandalsowildindividuals.Ourresultsrevealthattheproteincompositionsofraturineandscentmarksdiffersignificantly.Intheurineofmalerats,themainproteincomponentsareisoformsofthemajorurinaryprotein(MUPs)system,afamilyoflipocalinsof~18kDawhichhavebeenshowntoplayacentralroleinchemicalcommunicationinmice.ComprehensiveanalysisoftheMUPsysteminmaleraturineindicatedthatsomeisoformscanbephosphorylated.Inmalescentmarksthemainproteinconstituentsoriginatefromtheventralprostate,notablyprostateinandcystatinrelatedprotein,alongwithacomplexmixtureofN-andC-terminaltruncatedformsofMUPs(~17kDainsize).AnalysisofmaleaccessoryglandstracedtheoriginofthetruncatedMUPstothepreputialglands.Infemales,MUPsareabsentfromurine,butarethemaincomponentsintheproteinfractionoffemalescentmarks.Characterizationofextractsfromclitoralglands,thefemaleequivalentofthemalepreputialglands,identifiedtheseasthesourceofMUPsinfemalescents.TheseMUPsarealsotruncatedattheN-andC-terminalextremities,asfoundinmalescents.OurdatarevealanunexpectedcomplexityinthemolecularcompositionofscentmarksinRattusnorvegicus.ThisgivesrisetonewhypothesesabouttheroleofthedifferentcomponentsinchemicalcommunicationintheNorwayrat.

AMCoffeeBreakTalk:Impactofmaleeffectandanoestrusoestrusstatusesongoatolfactorysecretome

M.Chabi¹²,C.LeDanvic³,M.Chasles¹,M.Keller¹,P.Nagnan-LeMeillour²

¹UMRPRCINRA;²UGSF-UMR8576-USCINRA;³ALLICE

Itisreportedinungulates(goatandsheep)thatanactivemaleputincontactwithanoestrusfemalescaninduceaquickchangeinfemaleLHsecretion,whichtriggersfemalesexual

activityreactivation(Chaslesetal.2016).This“maleeffect”canbemimicbymaleodours.Thosechemicalsignalsaredetectedbythefemalethankstoodorantreceptors(OR).TobringodorantstotheOR,Odorant-BindingProteinsarerequired(OBP).OBPsaresmallproteinssecretedinnasalmucusproposedtoinsureodorantsolubilisationandtogiveitsrecognitionspecificityforthedifferentanimalspecies.Thoseproteinshavebeenshowntobearpost-translationalmodifications(PTM)includingO-GlcNAcylationandphosphorylationinpig,forthefirsttimein2014(Nagnan-LeMeillouretal.,2014).Unlikepigs,goatsdisplayaseasonalreproductiveactivity,andthusgettwostatuses:anoestrusandoestrusbutarethosestatusescharacterizedbyspecificOBPmodification?Inaddition,ifthemaleodourgetsthecapacitytoinduceLHsecretioninfemale,doesthemaleeffectinduceanyPTMchangesonOBPsingoats?Toanswerthesequestions,weinvestigatedforthefirsttimethegoatolfactorysecretomeatdifferentreproductionstatuses.Weused2D-DIGE(2-dimensionaldifferentialelectrophoresis)coupledtohigh-resolutionmassspectrometrytocompareolfactorysecretomesofanoestrus,oestrusfemalesandfemalesexposedtoanactivemalebouquet.ThosemethodsallowedustodescribeforthefirsttimethegoatOBPsinvolvedinthereproductionprocessandhighlighttheputativePTMimplication.Talk:Identificationandcharacterizationofaseasonally-expressedsexuallydimorphicurinarylipocalininthebankvoleMyodesglareolus

G.M.Loxley1,J.Unsworth1,M.Turton1,A.Davidson2,A.Jebb2,J.L.Hurst2&R.J.Beynon1

¹CentreforProteomeResearch,InstituteofIntegrativeBiology,UniversityofLiverpool,UK;²MammalianBehaviourandEvolutionGroup,InstituteofIntegrativeBiology,UniversityofLiverpool,UK

Theexpressionofhighlevelsofproteininurineiscommoninsomegroupsofrodents,providingimportantsignalsinscentaswellasprovidingaslowreleaseofvolatileligandsboundtotheprotein.Rats&mice(muroidrodents)releaseabundantlevelsofMUPsthatexhibithighlevelsofpolymorphism.Voles(cricetidrodents)ontheotherhanddisplaysimplerproteinprofiles,butthepredominantproteinsarelipocalinsrelatedtoMUPs,genericallytermedodorantbindingproteins.Inthisstudy,wecharacterizedaseasonally-expressed,male-specificurinarylipocalininthebankvole,Myodesglareolus.Theproteinsequence,obtainedbypeptidemassspectrometrypredictedaproteinthatwasexactlyconsonantwiththeobservedmassoftheprotein.Further,leucine/isoleucineambiguitywasresolvedbymetaboliclabelling,withdietarydeuteratedleucine.Theproteinisalipocalin,mostcloselyrelatedtoaphrodisinandodorantbindingproteins(OBPs),withaclearlydefinedcentralcavity.However,itisdistinctfromthreeurinaryproteinspreviouslyidentifiedinthisspecies,whicharepresentatmuchlowerlevels.Homologymodellingrevealedtwoequallyvalidconformationsthatalteredtheaccessibilityofthecentralbindingcavity,suggestingaroleforligandbindingandrelease.Thepresenceoftheswitchable

bindingpocket,combinedwiththeseasonalandmale-specificexpressionpatternleadstothepresumptionthatthisproteinisinvolvedinsexualchemicalcommunicationinbankvoles.Talk:Apreliminarystudyontheanalsacproteomeindogs(Canisfamiliaris)

S.Janssenswillen1,M.Metzemaekers2,P.Proost2&F.Bossuyt1

1AmphibianEvolutionLab,BiologyDepartment,VrijeUniversiteitBrussel,Pleinlaan2,B-1050Brussels,Belgium;2RegaInstitute,LaboratoryofMolecularImmunology,KatholiekeUniversiteitLeuven,Herestraat49–Bus1042,B-3000Leuven,Belgium

Dogsmarktheirenvironmentwithscentsignalstoinformconspecificsabouttheirindividualstatus.Analsacglandsareknowntoplayanimportantroleduringthischemicalsignalling.Sofar,smallvolatilemoleculesandbacterialflorahavebeenidentifiedfromtheseglandsecretions.However,analsacsalsosecretelargequantitiesofnonvolatileproteins,whichuntilnowhaveremaineduncharacterised.Hereweexaminedtheanalsacsecretionsoftwentydomesticdogs.Toinvestigatewhetheranindividual’sstatusisreflectedintheanalsacproteome,excretionpatternswerecomparedamonggenders,ages,breeds,andheatcycletimes.Additionally,weassessedtheimpactofneuteringonscentmarking.Comparativeproteomicsandsequencingshoweddifferentialexcretionofa17kDaproteinthatweidentifiedasanOdorantBindingProtein(OBP),amemberofthelipocalinproteinfamily.Inothervertebrates,OBPsserveaspheromonesandasodorant/pheromonecarriers.Screeningofthedoggenomerevealsthatthecorrespondingobpgeneispartofaclusterofthreerelatedgenes,oneofwhichencodesCanf4,anOBPpreviouslyfoundtobeabundantinsalivaanddander.WefoundthattheanalsacOBPreacheshighconcentrationsinpuppiesandyoungdogs,butnotinadults.Thisfindingsuggeststhatthisproteinhasafunctioninchemicalcommunicationduringthefirstyearsofadog’slife,whichmaybelostwhenraisedinhouseholdsituations.OurpreliminarydatashowthatproteomeanalysescanprovidevaluableinformationforfurtherunravellingthechemicalmechanismsofscentsignallinginCanidae.PostertalksI:ProteomicsPOSTER1:Beyondsodefrin:evidenceforamulti-componentpheromonesysteminthemodelnewtCynopspyrrhogaster(Salamandridae)

I.VanBocxlaer1,M.Maex1,D.Treer1,S.Janssenswillen1,R.Janssens2,W.Vandebergh1,P.Proost2&F.Bossuyt1

1AmphibianEvolutionLab,BiologyDepartment,VrijeUniversiteitBrussel(VUB),Pleinlaan2,B-1050Brussels,Belgium;

2LaboratoryofMolecularImmunology,DepartmentofMicrobiologyandImmunology,KULeuven-UniversityofLeuven,Minderbroedersstraat10-box1030,B-3000Leuven,Belgium

Sodefrin,adecapeptideisolatedfromthemaledorsalglandoftheJapanesefirebellynewtCynopspyrrhogaster,wasthefirstpeptidepheromoneidentifiedfromavertebrate.Thefirebellysalamanderandsodefrinhavebecomeamodelforsexpheromoneinvestigationinaquaticallycourtingsalamanderseversince.SubsequentstudiesinothersalamandersidentifiedSPFproteincourtshippheromonesofaround20 kDabelongingtothesamegene-family.AlthoughtranscriptsoftheseproteinscouldbePCR-amplifiedinCynops,itiscurrentlyunknownwhethertheyeffectivelyusefull-lengthSPFpheromonesnexttosodefrin.Herewecombinedtranscriptomics,proteomicsandphylogeneticstoinvestigateSPFpheromoneuseinCynopspyrrhogaster.Ourdatashowthatnotsodefrintranscripts,butmultipleSPFtranscriptsmakeupthemajorityoftheexpressionprofileinthedorsalglandofthisnewt.Proteomeanalysesofwaterinwhichamalehasbeencourtingconfirmthatthisproteinblendiseffectivelysecretedandtail-fannedtothefemale.Bycombiningphylogeneticsandexpressiondata,weshowthatindependentevolutionarylineagesoftheseSPF’swerealreadyexpressedinancestralCynopsspeciesbeforetheoriginofsodefrin.ExtantCynopsspeciescontinuetousethismulti-componentpheromonesystem,consistingofvariousproteinsinadditiontoalineage-specificpeptide.POSTER2:Seasonalchangesinolfactoryproteinsofewe

P.Cann¹,M.Chabi¹,C.LeDanvic²,R.LamiR³,M.Keller⁴&P.Nagnan-LeMeillour¹

1UMR8576CNRS/UniversitédeLille1/USCINRA1409,France;2ALLICE,USCINRAUGSF;3LBBM-USR3579CNRS–UPMC;4UMR7247INRA/CNRS/UniversitédeTours

Sheepspeciesdisplaysaseasonalbreedingcharacterizedbyaperiodofsexualactivityfollowedbyaperiodofsexualrest.Duringthefemaleanoestrus,theperceptionoftheodourofasexuallyactiveraminducesreactivationofewegonadotropicaxis,leadingtooestrus.Changesinolfactorysystemhavebeenreportedaccordingtothisswitch,butmorelikelyatcentralnervousstepsthanatperipherallevelofodoursdetection,partlyrealisedbyodorant-bindingproteins(OBP).Wesuggestthatinsheep,theolfactorysecretomeismainlycomposedofOBPisoforms,asitwasdemonstratedinpigspecies(Nagnan-LeMeillouretal.,2014),andthatitscompositioncouldvaryaccordingtothephysiologicalstatusoftheanimal.Besides,ithasbeenshownthatthepresenceofbacteriadecreasestheleveloftranscriptsencodingOBPsinrat(Françoisetal.,2016).So,theaimofourstudyistocompareeweolfactorysecretomeandbacteriomebetweentheanoestrusandoestrusperiods.Proteinsextractedfromnasalmucusoftwoeweswereanalysedby2-dimensionalelectrophoresisfollowedbyMassSpectrometryanalysis(MALDI-TOF/TOFandNano-LC-MS/MS)andcomparedbetweenthetwosexualperiods.Wereportherethefirstidentificationofeweolfactorysecretomeanditsvariationbetweenoestrusandanoestrusperiods.Ourresultscomfortthehypothesisthatthesensoryequipmentofeweisunder

controlofitsphysiologicalstatus,someproteinsbeingspecificallyexpressedatoestrustime,possiblytoincreasethedetectionofsexuallyactiveramodour.POSTER3:Courtshippheromonesinmudpuppiesandwaterdogs(Necturus,Proteidae)

D.Treer1,M.Maex1,M.A.Stoops2,A.Nagel2,C.J.DeChant3,I.VanBocxlaer1&F.Bossuyt1

1AmphibianEvolutionLab,BiologyDepartment,VrijeUniversiteitBrussel(VUB),Pleinlaan2,B-1050Brussels,Belgium;2CenterforConservationandResearchofEndangeredWildlife(CREW),CincinnatiZoo&BotanicalGarden,3400VineStreet,Cincinnati,Ohio45220,USA;3InnovativeZoologicalSolutions,Cincinnati,Ohio45205,USA

Mudpuppiesandwaterdogs(genusNecturus)arerelativelybig,paedomorphicsalamandersthatinhabitriversandlakesofNorthAmerica.Togetherwiththeolms(Proteusanguinus),theirblindEuropeanrelatives,theyaretheonlyextantrepresentativesofthefamilyProteidae.Necturusspeciesarecharacterisedbylongevityandaprolongedtimeforreachingsexualmaturity.Theyreproducebyinternalfertilisation,inwhichfemalespickupspermatophoresdepositedbythemalesintheenvironment.Becauseseveralinternallyfertilisingsalamanderfamiliesareknowntousepheromonecommunicationtooptimisetheirreproductivestrategy,westudiedthecourtshipbehaviourofNecturusspeciestoidentifybehaviouralpatternsrelatedtopheromonetransfer.Ourobservationsrevealedthatbothsexeswagtheirtailinproximityofanindividualoftheoppositesex.Thisbehaviour,incombinationwiththefactthatthesespeciespossesscloacalglandsthatarehomologoustopheromoneglandsofothersalamanderfamilies,indicatesthatchemicalcommunicationplaysanimportantroleduringcourtship.Wethencombinedtranscriptomicsofthepheromoneglands,proteomicsofcourtshipwaterandmolecularphylogeneticanalysestofurtheridentifycandidatepheromonesinthisurodelanlineage.Ourstudyfillsanimportantgapofinformationonpheromoneuseinanapproximately150millionyearoldevolutionarylineageofsalamanders.POSTER4:Anon-conventionalglycosylationisinvolvedinthecodingofspecificodorsindomesticpig

A.Joly,S.Potelle,C.Spriet,C.LeDanvic,P.NagnanLeMeillour

UnitédeGlycobiologieStructuraleetFonctionnelle(UGSF),UMR8576,CNRS/UniversitédeLille1/USCINRA1409citéscientifique,BâtimentC975655Villeneuved'ascqCEDEX

Inmammals,OdorantBindingProteins(OBPs)aresmallsolubleandsecretedproteinsthatbindandsolubilizeodoursandpheromones,priortointeractionwitholfactoryreceptors(ORs).ThenatureoftheligandofORsisstillunknownandcouldbeeithertheodorantcompounditselforthecomplexformedbythebindingbetweentheOBPandtheodorant.ThelaterhypothesisimpliesalargerOBPdiversitythanthe2-3geneproductsidentifiedineachspecies.Nevertheless,weidentifiedaboutthirtyisoformsofOBPinthepigolfactorysecretomebytwo-dimensionalelectrophoresiscoupledtohigh-resolutionmass

spectrometry(Nagnan-LeMeillouretal.,2014).Theseisoformsaregeneratedbypost-translationalmodifications(PTMs):phosphorylationandO-b-N-acetylglucosaminylation(O-GlcNAcylation).ThislaterPTMisusuallydescribedfornuclearandcytoplasmicproteinswheretheadditionofGlcNAconserineandthreonineresiduesiscatalyzedbyasingleO-GlcNActransferase(OGT).However,OBPsaresecretedproteinsforwhichthereareonlyafewreportsofextracellularO-GlcNAcylation.Recently,anenzymecalledEGF-domainrepeats-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase(EOGT)wasevidencedinDrosophilatoperformO-GlcNAcylationofextracellulardomainsoftransmembraneproteins.TofigureoutifO-GlcNAcylationofporcine(Susscrofa)OBPiscatalyzedbyporcineEOGT(Nagnan-LeMeillouretal.,2014),weproducedEOGTintwodifferentexpressionsystemstoanalyzeitsenzymaticactivityinvitrowithitstwoputativesubstrates,GlcNAcandOBP.WealsoperformedanincelluloanalysisofOBPO-GlcNAcylationbyagenerescuemethodinHeLacellline.WealsomonitoredEOGTtraffickingbyalivecell-screeningsystem.

LunchBreak

ThematicSessionIII:OlfactorySpeciationTalk:Comparativeproteinstructurepredictionandelucidationofbovinevomeronasal1receptortype-I(VN1R1)adoptingin-silicostudy

R.Durairaj,C.Bienboire-Frosini&P.Pageat

ResearchInstituteinSemiochemistryandAppliedEthology

Theperceptionofputativepheromoneswasmediatedbyvomeronasal1receptors(V1R)ofG-proteincoupledreceptor(GPCR)superfamilyproteinsintheaccessoryolfactoryepithelium(AOE).Also,theV1Rlocatedinthenasalcavityandinterconnectinglargeolfactorysensoryneuronsdirectedbymultigenesuperfamilyinmostspecies.Inbovine,theV1Riscruciallyinvolvedinchemicalcommunicationrelatedtoreproductionandpheromonetransportactivity.However,thestructuremodelingandannotationofbovineV1Rhasnotyetbeenreported.Inthispresentstudy,thesequenceanalysis,structurepredictionandfunctionelucidationofbovineV1Rmadeusingcomputationalmethods.Theresultsrevealedthat:(i)thehighestproportionofα-helix,strand,andrandomcoilinsecondarystructureofV1R;(ii)ComparativestructurepredictionofV1RwithvarioushomologtemplatesusingAbinitiomodeling;(iii)Validationofstructureshowed98.6%ofmostfavouredregionswithallowedregions;(iv)Structuralsuperimposition,topologyandtransmembranepredictionwereadditionallysupportedthestructuralmodelingofbovineV1Rusingcomputationalanalysis.Thus,forthefirsttimedemonstratedthecomparativestructurepredictionofbovineV1Rfacilitatetopredicttheputativeisoformsofpheromonesinvolvedsignaltransductioninreproduction.

Talk:Anovellipidmetabolismsystemdevelopedincatsproducesaspecies-specificchemosignal

M.Miyazaki,A.Futsuta,W.Hojo,T.Miyazaki&T.Yamashita

IwateUniversity,JAPAN

Manymammalssecretespecies-specificchemicalsthatfunctionassignalsforconspecificrecognition.Previousstudiesidentifiedspecies-specificchemicalsinseveralspecies.Forexample,domesticcatsexcrete2-amino-7-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-4-thiaheptanoicacidknownasfelinineincaturine.Felinineisaprecursorofvolatile3-mercapto-3-methylbutanol,whichisamajorcontributortocaturinaryodor.However,littleisknownregardinghowcatsevolutionallyacquiredtheirbiosyntheticsystems.Hereweshowapreviouslyunknownmetabolicpathwaythatdevelopsindomesticcatsandproducesacat-specificchemosignal.Theincreasedisomeraselevelsinthemevalonatepathwayforisoprenoid/cholesterolbiosynthesisdevelopauniquepathwayfromacholesterolbiosynthesisintermediatetoelectrophilicalcohol,whichisconjugatedtoglutathione.Thenovelglutathione-conjugateisultimatelymetabolizedtofelinineinthecaturine.Sincethemodifiedmevalonatepathwayregulatestheglutathione-conjugateanditsmetabolitelevels,butnotserumcholesterollevelsincatsfedahigh-fatdiet,thismodificationexcelstopreventbiosynthesisofexcesscholesterolinobligatecarnivorecats.Thesefindingsimproveourunderstandingofboththelipidmetabolismofobligatecarnivoresandthebiosyntheticmechanismsofspecies-specificcompoundsforscentcommunication.Talk:OlfactoryspeciationinEurasianbadgersMelesspp.:Diversityofsubcaudalchemicalsandbehaviouralexperiments

Y.Kaneko,Yayoi1,C.Newman2,E.Raichev3,S.Kosuga4,S.Yachimori5,M.Saito1,Y.Kuramoto6,D.W.Macdonald2,S.Peeva3,C.D.Buesching2

1CARNECCO,TokyoUniversityofAgricultureandTechnology;2WildCRU,UniversityofOxford;3TrakiaUniversity;4DaidoBunsekiResearchInc;5ShikokuInstituteofNaturalHistory;6JapaneseMinistryoftheEnvironment

Evolutionarytheorypredictsmembersofdistinct(sub-)speciestobeabletorecognizeeachother,resultinginspeciation.However,surprisinglyfewstudiesattempttotestthistheory.Here,weusebadgers(Melesspp.)asamodeltoinvestigateiftheirodourprofilesreflectpopulation-andspeciesdifferencesbetween2populationsofJapanese,M.anakuma,andEuropeanbadgers,M.meles.Allbadgerspossessasubcaudalgland,uniquetothisgenus.WepositthatthegeneralcompositionofbadgerMelesspp.secretionsremainsimilarovergeographicdistancesandevolutionarytime,encodinggenus,butthatodour-profilesbetweenM.melesandM.anakumadiffersufficientlytoallowspeciesdiscrimination,and

geographically-discretepopulationsofeachspecieswillvarywithinspecies-specificparameters.Weanalysed41adultbadgersub-caudalglandGC-MSprofilesfrom2M.meles(UK,Bulgaria)and2M.anakuma(Tokyo,Kochi)populations.Between24�32chemicalcomponentswereidentifiedineachprofile,4compoundswerepresentineachindividual,and10compoundswerepresentinbothspecies.Statisticalanalysesrevealedsignificantdifferencesbetweenthetwospecies(PERMANOVA,p<0.05)aswellasbetweensubpopulationsofeachspecies(PERMANOVA,p<0.05).Behaviouralscent-provisioningexperimentsonacaptiveadultfemaleJapanesebadgerrevealedthatthesestatisticaldifferencesarebiologicallyrelevantwiththeanimalsnififfingscentfromotherM.anakumasignificantlymoreoftenthanscentfromM.meles.Talk:OdourdialectsamongwildmammalsE.F.Kean,M.W.Bruford,I.M.Russo,C.T.Müller&E.A.Chadwick

SchoolofBiosciences,CardiffUniversity,Cardiff,UK

Acrossmultipletaxa,populationstructureanddynamicsdependoneffectivesignallingbetweenindividuals.Amongmammals,chemicalcommunicationisarguablythemostimportantsense,underpinningmatechoice,parentalcare,territorialityandevendiseasetransmission.Thereisagrowingbodyofevidencethatodoursignalscarrygeneticinformationthatmayconferconsiderablebenefitsincludinginbreedingavoidanceandnepotism.Todate,however,therehasbeennoclearevidencethatodourssignalpopulation-levelinformationinwildmammals.Herewedemonstrateforthefirsttimetheexistenceof'odourdialects'ingeneticallydistinctmammaliansubpopulationsacrossalargegeographicalscale.Wefoundthatotters,Lutralutra,fromacrosstheUnitedKingdompossesssexandbiogeography-specificodours.Subpopulationswiththemostdistinctiveodourprofilesarealsothemostgeneticallydiversebutnotthemostgeneticallydifferentiated.Furthermore,geographicdistancebetweenindividualsdoesnotexplainregionalodourdifferences,refutingotherpotentialexplanationssuchasgroupodoursharingbehaviour.Differencesinthelanguageofodoursbetweensubpopulationshavethepotentialtoaffectindividualinteractions,withclearimplicationsforreproductionandgene-flow.Odourdialectsthusprovideapotentiallyimportantmechanismgoverningmammalianmeta-populationstructureacrosslargelandscapes.

PMCoffeeBreak

Postertalks2:Proteomics&PrimateolfactionPOSTER5:QuantitativeProfilingofMajorUrinaryProteinsinWildMice

M.C.Prescott1,G.Gómez-Baena1,V.M.Harman1,A.J.Davidson2,S.A.Roberts2,J.L.Hurst2&R.J.Beynon1

1CentreforProteomeResearch,InstituteofIntegrativeBiology,UniversityofLiverpool,UK;2MammalianBehaviourandEvolutionGroup,InstituteofIntegrativeBiology,UniversityofLiverpool,UK

TheMajorUrinaryProteins(MUPs)arebeta-barrellipocalinsof18-19kDathatareinvolvedinrodentcommunication.MUPsencodeowneridentityandelicitthetransportandslowreleaseofvolatilemolecules.OneMUP,darcin,isamalepheromonethatinduceslongtermrememberedattractiontotheownerofascentmarkandhislocation.IndividualwildmiceexpressdifferentMUPprofiles,requiringrapidanalyticalapproachestoobtainfirst-passprofilingofMUPcontent.TheprofileofMUPscanbeanalysedintwophysicochemicaldimensionsusingmassspectrometry(MS)andisoelectricfocusing(IEF).Analysisoftheelectrosprayionisation(ESI)massspectrumofintactMUPsdefinesthepatternofproteinsseparatedbydifferencesinmassandreturnsarelativequantificationofthecomponents.Forabsolutequantificationinmassspectrometry,standardsarerequired.Wehaveusedsyntheticproteinstandards(QconCATs)thatareproducedbyartificialgenedesign.TheQconCATsareproducedinbacteriaandsimultaneouslylabelledwithstableisotopes.AddingQconCATStoanaturalMUPmixture,followedbydigestionusingendopeptidases,co-generatesquantotypicpeptidestandards(Q-peptides)alongsidenaturallyderivedanalytepeptides.Whenanalysedbyliquidchromatography-massspectrometry(LC-MS)absolutequantificationofMUPsincomplexsamplescanbeachievedbyreferencetothelabelled,mass-shiftedstandards.WehavealsoevaluatedanautomatedIEFsystem(ProteinSimplenanoPro1000)asanorthogonalmethodforquantitativeMUPanalysis,withspecificdetectionusingaMUPantibody.WewillpresentexamplesoftheapplicationofintactmassESI-MS,QconCATwithLC-MSandIEFforquantitativeMUPanalysisinwildmice.POSTER6:Identificationandcharacterizationofaseasonally-expressedsexuallydimorphicurinaryproteinintwospeciesofMalagasymouselemurs,MicrocebusmurinusandMicrocebuslehilahytsara

G.Loxley1,A.Trester2,J.Unsworth1,G.Gomez-Baena1,U.Radespiel2,E.Zimmermann2,J.L.Hurst1,R.J.Beynon1

1InstituteofIntegrativeBiology,UniversityofLiverpool,UK;2InstituteofZoology,UniversityofVeterinaryMedicine(TiHo),Hannover,Germany

Communicationviasensorycuesgovernsreproductionandsurvivalinprimates.MalagasylemursbelongtothebasalprimategroupStrepsirrhini,exhibitingarhinariumandafunctionalvomeronasalorgan,supportingimportanceofchemosignallinginsocialcommunication.Lemursdisplayaseasonalreproductionpattern.Urinaryproteinsplayanincreasingnumberofrolesincommunicationinrodents.Proteinuriainprimatesisusuallythoughttobeasignofrenaldysfunction.Ouraimwastoexplorewhetherprimateurinaryproteinsarelinkedtosex,seasonandreproduction,andmaythuspotentiallybeinvolvedinchemosignalling.UrinesamplesofMalagasymouselemurswerecollectedinandoutofthebreedingseason,frommaleandfemaleadults.Anabundantproteinwasevidentinsomemaleurinesamples,butlimitedtothebreedingseason.Furthercharacterizationidentified

thisasaWAPfour-disulphidecoredomainprotein12(WFDC12),homologoustoanti-microbialandanti-peptidaseproteins.Thisproteinwasquantifiableinindividualsfromallgroups;inbreedingseasonmales,however,therewasa70-foldaverageincreaseinabundancecomparedtoallothermales.Astrongsex-specificdifferencewasvisible,witha90-foldincreaseeveninlow-WFDC12malesinthebreedingseasoncomparedtoallfemales.Anumberofotherproteinsrevealedsimilarincreasesinabundanceinthissamesubsetofmalesfromtheirhomologoussequencesinotherprimates,includingsemenogelinII,aseminalvesicleproteinthatincreasedonaverageby4000-fold.ThisrelationshipbetweenanincreasedexpressionofsemenogelinIIandWFDC12remainstobedefined.Weestablishbio-essaystoassessanysemiochemicalroleoftheWFDC12protein.

POSTER7:Makingsenseofscents:DecipheringprimateolfactorycommunicationA.Poirier

AngliaRuskinUniversity,Cambridge,UK

Olfactorycommunicationisanimportantmediatorofsocialinteractionsinmammals,providinginformationaboutanindividual’sidentityandcurrentsocial,reproductive,andhealthstatus.Thisresearchprojectuniquelycombinesbehaviouralandchemicalinformation,inbothwildandcaptiveconditions,todeciphersomeaspectsofolfactorycommunicationincallitrichines(marmosetsandtamarins,NewWorldprimates).Thestudyexploreshowspecies,social,andindividualcharacteristics,butalsoenvironmentalconditions(i.e.captivevs.wildconditions),mightinfluencepatternsofcallitrichinescent-markingbehaviour,aswellasthechemicalcompositionofscent-marksecretions.Behaviouralobservations,aswellasswabsofscent-glandsandnaturallydepositedscent-marks,werecollectedfromcaptivegroupsofmarmosetsandtamarinsinseveralUKzoos.Additionally,swabsofscent-glandswereobtainedfromawildpopulationoftamarinsintheSouth-easternPeruvianAmazonaspartofanannualtrap-and-releaseprogram,andcomparedwiththosecollectedincaptiveconditions.Chemicalsampleswereanalysedusingheadspacegaschromatography-massspectrometry.Thisstudyintendstoprovidebaselineknowledgeapplicabletocaptivehusbandrypractices,includingbreedingofrarespecies.POSTER8:EffectsofMaleAxillaryExtractsontheLengthofMenstrualCycleinReproductiveAgeWomenandPre-MenopausalWomen

V.V.Voznessenskaya&T.K.Laktionova

A.N.SevertsovInstituteofEcology&Evolution,RussianAcademyofSciences

Humanunderarmsecretions,whenappliedtowomenrecipients,alterthelengthandtimingofthemenstrualcycle(Pretietal.,2003).Specificaimofourstudywastoinvestigatetheinfluenceofmaleaxillaryextractsonthelengthofmenstrualcycleofpremenopausalwomenincomparisonwithwomenofreproductiveage.Totalof43women,ageof21-51,participatedinourstudy.Wemonitoredlengthofthemenstrualcycleforeachtestsubject

for4monthsbeforeexperimentandfollowedmonitoringfor2monthsaftertheexperiment.Weappliedaxillaryextracts/ordiluentontheupperlip3timesaweekfor6hoursinthemorningfordurationof9weeks.Womenof21-44yearsoldweresubdividedintothreegroups:withmenstrualcyclelengthof26-32days(1);menstrualcyclesshorterthan26days(2)andwithcycles>32days(3).Datafromwomenof>45yearsoldwereanalyzedseparately.Maleaxillaryextracts(MAE)didnotaffectsignificantlylengthandregularityofmenstrualcycleinwomenwithnormalandregularcycles(n=12,p>0.1).Atthesametimeweobservedsignificantlyshortermenstrualcycles(n=12,p<0.01)underMAEapplicationsinwomenwithcycleslongerthat32days.Forwomenwithmenstrualcyclelength<26dayswealsodidnotobservestatisticallysignificantchangesunderMAEtreatment(n=9).InpremenopausalwomenMAEapplicationscausedsignificantshorteningofthemenstrualcycle(n=10,p<0.01).Alsoweobservedatendencyformoreregularcyclesforthisgroupoftestsubjects.SupportedbyRSF16-15-10312toVVV.

OpenSession3

Talk:Socialodorspromotefood-relatedpreferencelearningthroughactivationoftheGC-D/necklaceolfactorysubsystem

A.D.Zimmerman1,2,H.Zhi1,2&S.D.Munger1,2,3

1CenterforSmellandTaste2DepartmentofPharmacology&Therapeutics3DepartmentofMedicine,DivisionofEndocrinology,DiabetesandNutrition,UniversityofFlorida,Gainesville,FL,32610,USA

Individualsfromseveraldiversemammalianspeciescantransmitdietarypreferencestopeerconspecificsandhelpanimalstoavoidpotentiallytoxicfoods.This“socialtransmissionoffoodpreference”(STFP)requiresconcurrentdetectionofoneofseveralsemiochemicals(CS2presentinthebreath,orguanylinpeptidesexcretedinfecesorurine)andodorsassociatedwithaparticularfoodsource.Thesesemiochemicalsstimulateaspecializedolfactorysubsysteminmicethatincludeolfactorysensoryneurons(OSNs)expressingtheuniqueolfactoryreceptorGC-D(guanylyl-cyclaseD).GC-D+OSNsprojecttothecaudalmainolfactorybulb,apoorlydefinedregionthatincludesthe“necklaceglomeruli”(atargetofGC-D+OSNs)andthatalsoreceivesinputfromotherchemosensoryneuronsthatutilizecGMP-mediatedtransductionmechanisms.RecentpublishedandunpublishedstudiesofSTFPinmicewillbediscussed,includingadissectionofthemolecularmechanismsemployedbyGC-D+OSNstodetectCS2andguanylinpeptides;tracttracingandactivitymappingofneuralcircuitsassociatedwiththeGC-D/necklacesubsystem;andbehavioralanalysesofolfactorysamplingandconsumptioninthecontextofthisassociativelearningparadigm.SupportedbyNIDCDgrantDC005633.

Talk:Influencesofexposuretomurinepheromoneonthenextgeneration

S.Koyama1,H.Soini2,U.Tadasu3&M.Novotny2

1IndianaUniversity,MedicalSciences,Bloomington,IN,U.S.A;2IndianaUniversity,Dept.Chem.,Bloomington,INU.S.A;3ObihiroUniversityofAgricultureandVeterinaryMedicine

Thecurrentunderstandingoftheactivityofmammalianpheromonesisthatendocrineandbehaviouraleffectsarelimitedtotheexposedindividuals.Here,wedemonstratethatthenasalexposureoffemalemicetoamalemurinepheromonestimulatesexpansionofmammaryglands,leadingtoprolongednursingofpups.Subsequentbehaviouraltestingofthepupsfrompheromone-exposeddamsexhibitedenhancedlearning.Sialicacidcomponentsinthemilkareknowntobeinvolvedinbraindevelopment.Wehypothesizedthattheoffspringmighthavereceivedmoreofthiskeynutrientthatpromotesbraindevelopment.ThemRNAforpolysialyltransferase,whichproducespolysialylatedneuralcelladhesionmoleculerelatedtobraindevelopment,wasincreasedinthebrainofoffspringofpheromone-exposeddamsatpost-natalday10whileitwasnotdifferentatembryonicstages,indicatingpossibledifferentialbraindevelopmentduringearlypost-natallife.Wecollectedmilkfromdamsatpost-deliveryday10,analyzedthemilkusingHPLCand1H-NMRMALDI-TOFMS.Wefoundthattherearedifferencesintheamountofsialicacidinthemilkofpheromoneexposedfemalescomparedtocontrols(femalesexposedtowaterandfemaleswithnotreatment).

Thursday31August2017

PLENARY:Domammalshaveaworldwidewebofinterspecificscentsignals,andcouldweconnecttoit?

P.Apps

BotswanaPredatorConservationTrust

Althoughnearlyalltheworkonmammalsemiochemistryhasbeenonsinglespecies,interspecificscentmarkingisquitewidespread,andrecentcameratrappingstudiesofcarnivoreguildsinCanada,thePacificNorthwestoftheUSA,CostaRicaandBotswanahaveshowncarnivoresusingmulti-speciesscent-markingsites.Therearerecordsofinterspecificmarkingfromatleast44mammals,witharapidlyexpandingwebofknownconnectionsthatmakeinterspecificscentcommunicationlookliketheruleratherthantheexception.Keepingtrackofcompetitorsbyexchangingscentmarksmakesecologicalsense;anyindividualismorelikelytoencounterscentmarksfromanimalsofotherspeciesthanfromitsown,mostcarnivorescompeteforfoodwithmostoftheothers,andtheconsequencesofinterspecificinterferencecompetitionaredireandstronglyasymmetrical.Thisnewcornerofthe

mammalsemiochemicalfieldpresentsbothopportunitiesandchallenges.Wewillneedtounderstandtheroleofinterspecificsemiochemistryinecologicalinteractionsalongsidetheroleofintraspecificscentsignalsinsocialbehaviourandreproduction.Ifinterspecificscents’mainroleistosignalmerelytherecentpresenceofacompetitortheymaybemoreaccessibletobeingartificiallyrecreatedthanareintraspecificscentswiththeirsignalsofmultiplereproductiveandsocialparametersandindividualsignatures.Ontheotherhand,ifdifferentspeciesareovermarkingoneanother,howdoweevercollectacleanscentmarkfromthefield?ThematicSessionIV:Inter-specificolfactorycues(Chair:PeterApps)Talk:EarlyOlfactoryExperienceAffectsPerceptionofPredatorOdorsintheHouseMouse

V.V.Voznessenskaya,I.G.Kvasha,T.K.Laktionova,A.B.Klinov&M.A.Klyuchnikova

A.N.SevertsovInstituteofEcology&Evolution,Moscow,RussianFederation

UniqueaminoacidL-felinineanditsvolatilederivativesmaybeusedbythehousemousetorecognizepotentialpredators,theirphysiologicalstatusandmayaffectreproductiveoutputinmice.Aimofourstudywastoexaminewhetherearlyolfactoryexperience(EOE)ofmicewithcatchemosignalsmayaffectsensitivitytotargetodorslaterinadulthood,modulatebehavioralorneuroendocrineresponsesandwhetherthesechangesinsensitivitycorrelatedwithneuralactivationinolfactorybulbs.OlfactorythresholdstocaturineandL-felinineweremeasuredwithanautomatedolfactometer(Knosys,USA).FecalglucocorticoidmetabolitesandplasmacorticosteroneweremonitoredusinganELISAtechnique.Behavioralpatternswereanalyzedusinganopenfieldparadigm(2differentmodifications).WeperformedimmunohistochemicalstudiestoidentifyneuralsubstrateinvolvedinreceptionandanalysisofL-felinineandderivatives.Exposuresofmicetocatchemosignals(urineorL-felinine)significantlyloweredtheolfactorythresholds(n=10,p<0.05;n=10,p<0.01).EOEwithcaturine/felininealsodecreased(n=22,p<0.01)patternsofpassive-avoidancebehaviortocatodorsandsignificantlyelevatedinvestigatoryactivity(n=22,p<0.01).Atthesametimecorticosteroneresponsetocaturine/L-felininestayedunchanged(n=10,p<0.01)indicatingtheinnatenatureoftheresponse.Werecordedspecificpatternofactivationinaccessoryolfactorybulb(AOB)inresponsetostimulationwithL-felinine(0.05%).EOEwithL-felinine(0.05%)causedsignificantincreaseinnumberofFos-positivecellsinAOBinresponsetostimulationwithL-felinine(n=8,p<0.01)aswellaswerecordedanincreaseofactivatedarea(n=8,p<0.001).Talk:Ontherepellentpropertiesofmouseurineodourtosmallwildlivingrodents

E.V.Kotenkova,I.A.Zhigarev,V.V.Alpatov,A.O.Shchukin,V.A.Babikov&Yu.A.Bazhenov

SevertsovInstituteofEcologyandEvolutionRAS,Moscow,RussianFederation

Synanthropicmicespeciesarecommonpeskyorganismsinhumanenvironments.Whiletheirpresenceisubiquitoushomeownersoftencomplainabouttheirunique,persistentandpotentodourwhichisderivedmainlyfromtheirurine.Evolutionarilyitisnotfavorable.Itsuggeststhatthefeatureisnotneutralandlikelyshouldbeusefulformiceforotherreasons.Wehypothesizedthatsuchodourcouldhavebeendevelopedduringevolutionasadaptationdirectedtoprotectionofbuildings,specialecologicalnichecreatedbyhumans,fromotherrodentspecies.AdultindividualsofoutdoorspeciesClethrionomysglareolusandfacultativesynanthropicspeciesMicrotuslevisavoidedthearmofY-mazescentedbyM.musculusurineincomparisonwitharmwithwaterintwo-choicetests.TheyalsopreferarmscentedbyurineofrabbitoroutdoormouseMusspicilegusincomparisonwitharmscentedbyM.musculusurine.InfieldexperimentsyoungandjuvenileCl.glareolusselectivelychoosetoentertrapswithwaterincomparisonwithtrapsscentedbyurineofM.musculus.Theseresultsindicaterepellentpropertiesofmouseurineodourtootherrodents.Wespeculatethatolfactorycuesofhousemicefamilycouldpreventinhabitationofbuildingsbyotherspeciesofrodents.Potentialroleofsulfurcompoundsinmouseurineasrepellentsisdiscussed.SupportedbyRussianScienceFoundation(project№16-14-10269).PosterTalks3:Inter-specificCues&OtherContributionsPOSTER9:EffectofDomesticCatChemicalSignalsonRegulationofEstrousCyclesintheHouseMouseDependsonPresentationRate

T.K.Laktionova,I.Kvasha&V.V.Voznessenskaya

A.N.SevertsovInstituteofEcology&Evolution,Moscow,RussianFederation

L-felinineisauniqueaminoacidfoundintheurineofdomesticcatFeliscatus.WeexaminedtheinfluenceofL-felinineonregulationofestrouscyclesinmice.Inordertomonitorestrouscyclephase(ECP)wevalidatednoninvasiveestradiolassessmenttechnique.TocontrolECPvaginalsmearsweretakenandfecalestradiollevelsweredeterminedforeachfemaleondailybasis.Weused4groupsofmice(n=38)atageof3months:(1)continuousactionofL-felinine(0.05%;50µl)during12days;(2)applicationofL-felinine(0.05%;50µl)atregularintervalsfordurationoftwohoursondailybasis;(3)spontaneousexposurestoL-felinine(0.05%;50µl)butthetotaltimeofexposureduring12dayswasalso24hours;(4)control(exposuretotapwater).Estradiolbaselinewascalculatedindividuallyforeachanimal;concentrationsabovethebaselinewereconsideredasabeginningoflutealphase.ThedataobtainedindicatethatL-felininemayaffectthelengthofestrouscycleinmice.Thenumberofovulationsinthegroup1significantlyincreased(p=0.00498,n=10).Itappearstobethatfemaleshabituatedtothecontinuousactionofthecompound.Atthesametimeweobserveddeclineinanumberofcyclingfemalesinthegroup2(p=0.0233,n=9).Forthegroup3weobservedonlyatendencytodecreaseinanumberofcyclingfemales(p=0.0578,n=9).DifferentmodesofexposuretoL-felinineproduceddifferenteffectonestrouscyclesin

mice.SupportedbyRFBR16-34-00872POSTER10:Preliminaryresultsinferretolfactorycues(Mustelaputoriusfuro)asapredatorstimulusforthehousemice(Musmusculus)

P.C.Grau,J.Leclerq,E.Teruel,C.Lafont-Lecuelle&P.Pageat

ResearchInstituteinSemiochemistryandAppliedEthologyApt,France

Thehousemice(Musmusculus)asothersmallrodentsareinthebaseofvertebratepredator’strophiccascades.Theyarethemostwidespreadmammalonearthafterhumans,whichalongwithitsfastsexualcycleandprolificitymeanslargepopulationsandabasicsourceofnutrientsforawidespectrumofpredators.Asmacrosmaticanimals,miceuseolfactionasaprimarytooltoavoidpredators,howeverlittleisknownaboutthepredatorolfactorycuesandbehavioralreactionslinkedtothesestimuli.Withthisstudyweperformedapreliminaryapproachtomammalianandreptilianolfactorypredatorycuesofthehousemice.Forthisporpoisewecarriedoutachoicetest,wherewemeasuredduring10minutesthetotaldurationthatmiceremainedinthenearbyareaorfarendareafromthepredatorystimulus,micehadnophysicalaccesstothestimulus,andbothpartswereidentical.Ourresultsshowedthatmicesignificantlyavoidedferretolfactorystimulifromfurandfaeces.Theseresultsareinlinewitharecentstudythatshowedavoidanceofhamsterstoferreturinedependingontheferret’sdiet(Apfelbach,Soini,Vasilieva,&Novotny,2015).Howeverfurtherresearchshoulddelveinferret’solfactorycuesandsemiochemicalsasasignificantrodentpredator.POSTER11:Measuringlactationinvestmentamongcommunallynursingfemalehousemice

A.Davidson1,J.P.Green1,C.DeMatosFerrazFranco2,V.Lee2,PStockley1,R.J.Beynon2&J.L.Hurst1

1MammalianBehaviourandEvolutionGroup,InstituteofIntegrativeBiology,UniversityofLiverpool,LeahurstCampus,Neston,L647TE,UnitedKingdom2CentreforProteomeResearch,InstituteofIntegrativeBiology,UniversityofLiverpool,CrownStreet,Liverpool,L697ZB,UnitedKingdom

Wildfemalehousemice(Musmusculusdomesticus)nestsociallyandoftenrearoffspringcommunallywithchosennestpartners.Cooperationamongcommunallynursingfemalesyieldsimportantfitnessbenefits,includingalargernumberofoffspringweanedandincreasedweightofpups.Ithasalsobeenshownthatfemalesprefertonestandrearoffspringcommunallywithsisters.Althoughfemalesappeartocareforoffspringincommunalnestsindiscriminately,littleisknownaboutthelactationinvestmentmadebyeachmotherinherownoranestpartner’soffspringbecauseofthedifficultyofmeasuringthis.Toovercomethischallenge,wedesignedanexperimentinwhichtwocommunallynursingfemalesfedonseparatedietssupplementedwithanaminoaciddifferentially

labelledwithstableisotopes,usingcustom-designedfeeders.Astheisotopelabelstransfertotheoffspringviaeachfemale’smilk,theratioofthesetwolabelsallowedustoquantifythepreciseamountoflactationinvestmentfromeachfemaleineachindividualpupinthecommunalnest.Weestablishedcommunallynestingpairsoffemalesthatwereeitherfamiliarlittermatesistersorunrelatedandunfamiliaruntiltheywerepairedasadults.Thisisallowingustoaddresswhetherfemalesinvestmoreintheirownoffspringthaninthoseofanotherfemale;whetherlactationinvestmentismoreegalitarianbetweentwosisterscomparedtounrelatedfemales;andwhetherfemalesthatgivebirthsecond(i.e.haveyoungerpupsinthecommunallitter)investmoreintheoffspringofbothlitters.POSTER12:Latrineusepatternsofraccoondogs(Nyctereutesprocyonoides)inanurbanareaofTokyo

M.Tsunoda1,3,Y.Kaneko1,T.Sako2,R.Koizumi1,K.Iwasaki1,I.Mitsuhashi1,M.U.Saito1,C.Newman3,D.W.Macdonald3&C.D.Buesching3

1CarnivoreEcologyandConservationResearchGroup,TokyoUniversityofAgricultureandTechnology,Japan2ImperialHouseholdAgency,Japan;3WildlifeConservationResearchUnit,UniversityofOxford,UK

Althoughurbanizationisoneoftheleadingthreatstowildlifeconservation,somespecieshaveadaptedtolivingalongsidehumans.Hereweusedapopulationofwildraccoondogs(Nyctereutesprocyonoides)intheAkasakaImperialGroundsincentralTokyoasamodeltoinvestigatehowlatrineusingcarnivorescanmaintaintheirsocio-spatialorganisationunderhumandisturbance.Between2012-2014weemployed4-11cameratrapspositionedatatotalof12differentlatrineslocatedindifferenthabitattypesandsubjectedtovaryinglevelsofhumandisturbance,toanalysethetemporalpatternsofatotalof2459latrinevisits,ofwhich878includeddefecationevents.Overall,latrinesdisturbedbyhumansreturnedlessdaytimevisits(withandwithoutdefecationevents)thanundisturbedonesandactivityshiftedfromday-tonight-time.Latrineuse(i.e.,visitswithandwithoutdefecationevents)increasedtowardswinter,coincidingwithdispersal,andshowedaseasonalshiftfromdiurnaltonocturnalusagepatterns.GLMMresultsalsoconfirmedthatraccoondogsdefecatedatopenlatrinesmorefrequentlythanatshelteredones.Raccoondogslikelyavoidtheperceivedpredationriskfromhumandisturbancebyshiftingtheirvulnerableactivity(i.e.,defecating)tominimisedisturbance,wheretheinherentlongevityofolfactorysignalsallowsparticularlymacrosmaticcarnivorestomaintaintheirsocio-spatialorganisationthroughlatrine-centredolfactorycommunication.Wepositthatthesebehaviouralmodificationsmayallowraccoondogstomaintaintheirsocio-spatialpopulationstructureeveninurbanisedareasthatareaffectedbyhumandisturbance.

Poster13:Tastepotentiatedcolourbiases:analternativemethodforassessingtastedetectionthresholdsinbirds

H.M.Rowland

DepartmentofZoology,UniversityofCambridge,UK;MaxPlanckInstituteforChemicalEcology,Germany

Understandinghowbirdpredatorsassessthechemicalcontentofpreyisrelevanttoourunderstandingoftheadaptivesignificanceofpreywithwarningcolours;itisalsorelevanttothestudyofaviantasteperception.Birdsareoftenassumedtohaveapoorsenseoftastebecauseofthereducednumberoftastebudscomparedtoothervertebrates(~300inbirdscomparedto9000inhumans).Birdsalsohaveareducedtastereceptorgenerepertoiresizecomparedtoothervertebrates.Forexample,domesticchickenshaveonlythreebittertastereceptorgenesintheirgenome(ggTas2r1,ggTas2r2andggTas2r7I)comparedwith51receptorgenesinfrogs.Contrarytotheassumptionthatbirdshaveapoorsenseoftaste,Ishowthatsomechemicalsseemtobeintrinsicallyaversivetobirds,andthatbirdsshowconcentration-dependentresponsestobitter-tastingchemicals.Iusedacolour-biasparadigmtoexaminetheresponsesofchickenstodifferentconcentrationsofquinine,denatoniumbenzoate,quassiaandcaffeine.Thisassessmentofunlearnedresponsestonaturallyoccurringdefensivechemicalsisanalternativemethodforassessingdetectionthresholdstotheforced-choicesolution-consumptionmethod.

AMCoffeeBreak

ThematicSessionV:ScentofDisease(Chair:StefanieGervasi)Talk:LPS-inducedimmunesystemstimulationalterurinaryvolatilesandbehavioringrowingpigs

S.G.Devaraj1,A.Rakhshandeh2,J.McGlone1

1LaboratoryofAnimalBehavior,PhysiologyandWelfare,AnimalandFoodSciencesDepartment,TexasTechUniversity,Lubbock,TX79409;2AnimalandFoodSciencesDepartment,TexasTechUniversity,Lubbock,TX79409

Volatilecompoundsemanatingfrombodysecretionsmayactasanindicatorofthehealthstatusofanimalstootheranimals.Wesoughttoidentifyurinaryvolatilesthatmightactasbiomarkersindicativeofhealthstatusofgrowingpigs.Immunesystemstimulation(ISS)wasinducedinpigs(N=5)byi.m.injectionofbacteriallipopolysaccharide(LPS;25µg/kgBW).Urinesampleswerecollectedbefore(baseline)andafterLPStreatment.TheurinaryheadspacevolatilecompoundswereidentifiedusingSolid-phasemicroextraction(SPME)coupledwithGC-MS.Pigeye/bodytemperaturesweremeasuredusinginfraredimagingtechnique,andbehaviors(i.e.standing,feeding,drinking,moving,lying,sittingandactive)werevideo-recordedandquantified24hbeforeandafterISS.DatawereanalyzedusingmixedmodelANOVAexaminingperiodsbeforeandafterLPSadministrationwithpigsservingastheirowncontrol.Pigeye/bodytemperatureincreasedpost-ISS(at6h,P=0.03)

andcorrelatednegativelywithactivebehaviors(r=-0.64,P=0.048).Relativetopre-ISS,pigsspentlesstimestanding(P=0.018),moving(P=0.061)andactive(P<0.0001)duringpost-ISSperiod.SPME-GC-MSrevealed3.6-and5.3-foldincreasesin4-Ethylphenol(P=0.005)and3-Methylphenol(P<0.0001),respectively,inpost-ISSurinecomparedwithurinecollectedduringthepre-ISSperiod.InISSpigs,behavioralactivitywasreduced,andexcretionofurinary3-Methylphenoland4-Ethylphenolwereincreased(P<0.01).Changesinbehaviorandvolatilemoleculesmaybeusedasanon-invasivemethodofdetectionoffever,illnessandhealthinfarmandpossiblyotheranimals.Talk:Sharinganenvironmentwithsickconspecificsalterstheodorsofhealthymice

S.S.Gervasi1,B.A.Kimball2,M.Opiekun1,T.Martin1&G.K.Beauchamp1

¹MonellChemicalSensesCenter;²USDA-APHIS-WS-NWRC

Chemicalsignalsconveyvitalinformationaboutenvironmentalrisk.Itiswellknownthatpathogeninfectionaltersbodyodors.“Sicknesssignals”canmediatebehavioralavoidanceofinfectedanimalsbyhealthyconspecificsandaccumulatingevidencealsosuggeststhatexposuretosicknesssignalsactivatesphysiologicalresponsesofsignalreceivers.Sicknesssignalscouldthushavecascadingeffectsontransmissionriskbyinfluencinghostcontactratesandindividualsusceptibility.Weusedanexperimentalapproachtoexamineeffectsofexposuretoodorsofsick,butnon-infectiousindividualsontheodorprofilesofhealthyconspecifics.Weemployedtwotypesofhousingsetups,allowingustodirectlycompareresponsesofpairsoffreelyinteractingorphysicallyseparatedmice.InaY-mazebehavioraltrainingparadigm,biosensormicediscriminatedbetweenodorsofhealthyandsickmice.Unrewardedgeneralizationtrialsconfirmedthatbiosensorsalsodiscriminatedbetweenodorsofhealthymicehousedwithhealthypartnersandhealthymicehousedwithsickpartners.Wefollowedbehavioraldiscriminationassayswithchemicalheadspaceanalysesemployinggaschromatrography/massspectrometry.Chemometricssupportedpatternsobservedinbioassays;thecompositionofodorsofhealthymicehousedwithsickconspecificswasstatisticallydistinguishablefromodorshealthymicehousedwithhealthyconspecificsandmorecloselyresembledodorprofilesofsickanimals.Thus,exposuretosickindividuals,evenintheabsenceoftransmission,couldimpacthowanimalsareperceivedandbehave.Plasticityinproductionofandresponsestosicknesssignalscouldhavecomplexeffectsondiseasedynamicsbymodifyingsocialnetworks.Talk:Diseasedetectioninhumanolfaction

M.J.OlssonDepartmentofClinicalNeuroscience,KarolinkaInstitutet,Stockholm,Sweden.

Contagious diseases have been a fatal threat to people throughout evolution. Recentresearchsuggeststhatbehavioralavoidanceofsickindividualsisthefirst,andprobablymost

cost effective, line of defense against infection (Schaller, 2011). Indeed, statisticalmodelsshow substantial disease containing effects from small adaptations in patterns of inter-individual contact (Cole, 2006). In addition, behavior can be seen as a vital partcomplementing andeven regulating the classical immune system. This behavioral defenseanditsconsequencesarepoorlyunderstoodandsurprisinglyfewstudiesexist.Wehaveinaseries of studies examined the olfactory cues by which we detect disease; the neuralmechanisms underlying disease avoidance; and how olfactory disease detection preparesthe body for an attack together with classic immunity. In doing this we have utilized anexperimental sickness model involving the induction of innate inflammation with anendotoxin(lipopolysaccharide)injectioninotherwisehealthyparticipants.Resultsshowthatafterafewhoursofsystemicinflammationwesmellmoreaversivefromtheskin,theurinechangesincharacterandshowheightenedconcentrationsofPyrrole.Resultsalsoshowthatdisgusting odors (believed to work as olfactory disease cues) increase levels of aninflammatorymarker (tumor necrosis factor alpha) in the saliva. Altogether these resultssupporttheimportanceofolfactioninbehavioralimmunity.

Talk:Thesmellofweakness:costsandconsequencesofinjuryforsocialodorcuesinring-tailedlemurs

R.Harris1&C.M.Drea1,2

1DepartmentofEvolutionaryAnthropology,DukeUniversity,DurhamNC,USA2DepartmentofBiology,DukeUniversity,DurhamNC,USA

Animalodorantscontaininformationaboutstableandtransientaspectsofthesignaler’sconditionsalienttoconspecifics.Thus,condition-dependentodorscanmediatesocialinteraction,groupdynamics,andsuccessfulreproductioninvertebrates,includingprimates.Scentsignalsarepresumablyenergeticallyexpensivetomaintain,butevidenceofproductioncostsderivesmainlyfromexperimentsontheeffectsofparasitismandinfectioninlaboratoryrodents.Weusedanalyticalchemistryandbioassaystoexaminetheeffectsofconspecific-inducedinjuryonolfactorycuesinanaggressive,sociallycomplexstrepsirrhine,thering-tailedlemur(Lemurcatta).Someinjuredanimalsreceivedantibiotics,sowetestedboththe(1)‘costlysignal’and(2)fermentationhypotheses–thelatterpositingthatsymbioticbacteriainhabitingscentglandssynthesizevolatilesusedbythehost.Weanalyzed111genitalglandsecretionscollectedbefore,during,andafter33injuriesinvolving12malesand10females.Normal,‘healthy’glandularsecretionsweresignificantlydampenedduringinjury,regardlessofantibiotictreatment;secretioncompositionwasdifferentiallyalteredbyinjuryversusmedication.Inbioassays,malelemursdirectedsignificantlymorecompetitivecountermarking’behaviortowardsodorsfrominjuredthanhealthyconspecifics,potentiallyrelevanttosame-sexcompetitionanddominanceinteractions.Wesuggest(1)acosttoodorproductionbornebythesignallerand(2)aroleforfermentativebacteriainsignal

production.Toourknowledge,thisisthefirstevidencethatmammalianolfactorysignalsareperturbedbyinjury,independentofinfectionordisease.

LunchBreak

ThematicSessionVI:Semio-chemicalMethodologiesandAnalyses(ChairCDBuesching)

Talk:ComplexityofScentMarkinginRats:BehaviouralCharacterisationK.C.Pounder1,G.Gómez-Baena2,J.O.Halstead1,M.Prescott2,R.J.Beynon2&J.L.Hurst1

1MammalianBehaviourandEvolutionGroup,InstituteofIntegrativeBiology,UniversityofLiverpool,LeahurstCampus,Neston,L647TE,UnitedKingdom;2CentreforProteomeResearch,InstituteofIntegrativeBiology,UniversityofLiverpool,CrownStreet,L697ZB,Liverpool,UnitedKingdom

Manyrodentsusechemicalsignalstocommunicate,depositingimportantinformationintheenvironmentintheformofscentmarks.Thesescentsplayafundamentalroleinadvertisinginformationtoconspecificssuchasidentity,sex,age,dominance,reproductivereceptivenessandhealthstatus.Norwayrats(Rattusnorvegicus)areahighlysociablerodentspecies,oftenlivinginlargegroupscompetingforresources,territoryandmatingopportunities,andthusrelyheavilyonchemicalsignalstomaintainsocialstructures.Ratsscentmarkbyloweringtheiranogenitalregiontocontactobjectsintheirenvironment,oftenleavingvisibledepositsofurineand/orsebaceoussecretions.However,relativelylittleisknownaboutthecompositionofscentmarks.Molecularanalysesofmaleandfemalemarksdemonstratethatdepositsarenotsimplyderivedfromurine.Thepreputialandprostateglandsinmales,andtheclitoralglandsinfemales,contributetotheproteincomposition.Weexaminedscentmarkingbehaviourinresponsetopresenceorabsenceofstimuli,aswellasthebehaviouralresponsestonaturallydepositedscentmarksandcomponentsfromdifferentsources,todeterminetheirpotentialroleinintraspecificcommunication.Weshowthatratsarehighlysensitivetotheodourcuesfromscentmarksandcomponentsfromdifferentglands,andeachelicitsex-specificresponses.Maleratsmayalso‘tune’thecontentsoftheirscentmarksaccordingtocontext.Thesefindingsprovidenovelinsightsintothecomplexityofratscentsandtheroleofdifferentscentcomponentsonthenaturalbehaviouralresponsesofmalesandfemales.Talk:PTR-TOF-MSasatoolforstudyingvertebratechemicalecology:acasestudyontheuseinkairomonedeterminationinapredator-preycontext

C.VanMoorleghem1,M.Portillo-Estrada2,Y.Lambreghts1,I.A.Janssens2&R.VanDamme1

1LaboratoryforFunctionalMorphology,DepartmentofBiology,UniversityofAntwerp,Universiteitsplein1,B-2610Wilrijk,Belgium;2CentreofExcellencePLECO(PlantandVegetationEcology),DepartmentofBiology,UniversityofAntwerp,Universiteitsplein1,B-2610Wilrijk,Belgium

Inthewakeofimprovementsinchemo-analyticalmethods,thefieldofchemicalecologyisrapidlyadvancing.However,particularlyinvertebrates,thetruenatureofinformativecompoundsinspecificcontextsremainslargelyunexplored.Here,wevalidatetheimplementationofarecentlydevelopedtoolusedtodetermineVolatileOrganicCompounds(VOCs),toimprovetheidentificationofsemiochemicalsinawidevarietyofanimalinteractions.TheexistingtechniqueiscalledProtonTransferReactionTime-of-FlightMassSpectrometry(PTR-TOF-MS).Theaccompanyingprocedurehastheadvantageofnotrequiringsamplepreparationwhich,togetherwiththedevice’shighaccuracyandlowdetectionlimit,enablesustomeasureeventhemostvolatilemoleculesthatoftenarelostwithothertechniques.Inthisstudy,weapplythischemo-analyticalmethodfordeterminingcandidatekairomonesusedbyviviparouslizards(Zootocavivipara)todetectandavoidsaurophagoussnakes,suchastheviperViperaberus.Firstly,behaviouralobservationsindicatedthatlizardscanuseairbornechemicalsforpredatoryriskassessment.Subsequently,withPTR-TOF-MS,aVOCprofilewasmadeofViperaberusscentandseveralchemicalcompoundswereputforwardascandidateinformationcarriersonpredatoryrisk.Furthermore,theeffectofodourfade-outonlizardbehaviourandchemicalcompositionwasinvestigated.OurresultsshowthatPTR-TOF-MScouldcomplementmorewidelyusedmethodsinresolvingimportantunansweredquestionsinvertebratechemicalecology.Talk:Non-invasivesamplingofbodyodourtoinvestigatetheinformationcontentofmeerkatscent

B.M.Weiß1,2,A.Marcillo3,M.Kücklich1,2,M.Manser4,R.Holland5,C.Birkemeyer3,A.Widdig1,2,6

1InstituteofBiology,UniversityofLeipzig,Germany;2JuniorResearchGroupofPrimateKinSelection,DepartmentofPrimatology,Max-Planck-InstituteforEvolutionaryAnthropology,Leipzig,Germany;3InstituteofAnalyticalChemistry,UniversityofLeipzig,Germany;4DepartmentofEvolutionaryBiologyandEnvironmentalStudies,UniversityofZurich,Switzerland;5ZooLeipzigGmbH,Leipzig,Germany;6GermanCenterforIntegrativeBiodiversityResearch(iDiv),Leipzig,Germany

Theolfactorycuespresentinananimal'sbodyodourmediateawiderangeofmammaliansocialinteractionsbyencodinginformationaboutindividualattributessuchasidentity,sex,age,orgroupmembership.Thechemicalcompositionofthesecuesprovidesimportantindicationsoftheecologicalandevolutionaryprocessesshapingolfactorycommunication.However,whileolfactorycommunicationisfrequentlyaddressedinbehaviouralstudies,thecompoundsinvolvedinchemicalinteractionsbetweenindividualshaveonlybeensparselyinvestigatedinmostmammaliantaxaandcontexts.Weadjustedandevaluatedtheuseofthermaldesorption(TD)tubes,commonlyusedinplantmetabolomicandenvironmentalstudies,fornon-invasivesamplingofmeerkat(Suricatasuricatta)bodyodour.Adjustmentofsamplingparameters(e.g.distance,volume,flowrate,interruptionofsampling)toincreasefeasibilityforanon-invasiveapplicationyieldedsamplesofadequatequality.TDtubes

capturedawiderangeofvolatileandsemi-volatileorganiccompoundsincludingthoselikelyoriginatingfromthetargetanimals.Thecompositionofthebodyodourprofilesdifferedbetweengroups,ageclassesandbodyregions,butnotbetweenthesexes.Theseresultscorroboratefindingsofbehaviouralstudiesonmeerkatolfactorycommunicationandondifferencesinbacterialcommunitiesinmeerkatscentsecretions.OurstudyindicatesthatTDtubesaresuitablefornon-invasivesamplingofbodyodour,makingthemanattractivetoolforaddressingawiderangeofquestionsinthelabandthefield.Talk:Themaleeffect:findingawaythroughthejungleofchemicalcues

C.LeDanvic1,M.Dillenbourg1,M.Keller2,L.Schibler3,P.Nagnan-LeMeillour4

1ALLICE,R&DDepartment,UGSFUMR8576USTL/CNRS,VilleneuveD’Ascq,France;2INRA,CentredeTours,Nouzilly,France;3ALLICE,R&DDepartment,Paris,France;4INRA,USCINRAUGSF,VilleneuveD’Ascq,France

Inungulates,theintroductionofasexuallyactivemaleinananoestrusfemaleherdinducesasurgeofLHleadingtoovulation.Thisprocessconventionallyusedbybreedersintheirflock,knownas"maleeffect",allowsthecontrolreproductionandappearstobealsoaninterestingalternativetotheuseofhormone.Maleeffectdependspredominantlyonolfactorystimuligeneratedbythemale(Okamura&Mori,2005;Cohen-Tanoudjietal.,1994).Ifsomepotentiallyinvolvedmoleculeshavepreviouslybeenidentified(Cohen-Tanoudjietal.,1994;Murataetal.,2014),thecompletesignal(thoseinducingovulation)remainstobeclearlycharacterized.Usinganoriginalapproachbasedonthecomparisonofolfactoryprofilesofmalesduringnon-reproductiveandreproductiveperiods,weundertookthecomplete“maleeffect”pheromonescharacterizationinFrenchbreeds.Variousbiologicalsamples(urine,wool,headsecretions)thatcouldberesponsibleformaleeffectwerecollectedandchemicalprofilesweredeterminedbyGC/MSanalysisafterSPMEorsolventextractions.Specificramandbulkolfactoryprofileshavebeenobservedduringtheperiodofmaximalsexualactivitywith1/aglobalincreaseinintensityprofilesand2/theappearanceofnumerousmolecules.Intotal,morethan60(on147)moleculesseason-specific(Fold-change>10)werecharacterized(ethylesters,ketones,…).Wearenowfocusingourinterestonthosemoleculestovalidatetheirbiologicalactivityonfemale.Discussionsarecurrentlyconductedwithourpartners(INRA,CNRS)todefinethebestmodalitiestoassesstheirbiologicalactivity.Thelong-termobjectiveistodevelopadifuserallowingtomimic/potentiatethemaleeffectinbreedingfarms.Talk:Comparisonofdifferentanalyticalmethodsforpre-processinggaschromatographicdatainsemio-chemicalresearch

C.D.Buesching1,H.V.Tinnesand2,C.T.Mueller3&M.J.Noonan41WildlifeConservationResearchUnit,UniversityofOxford,ZoologyDepartment,TheRecanati-KaplanCentre,TubneyHouse,AbingdonRoad,Tubney,Abingdon,OX135QL,UK;

2FacultyofArtsandSciences,DepartmentofEnvironmentalandHealthStudies,TelemarkUniversityCollege,N-3800BøiTelemark,Norway;3CardiffUniversity;4SmithsonianConservationBiologyInstitute,NationalZoologicalPark,1500RemountRd.,FrontRoyal,VA22630,USA.

Recentadvancesinsensitivityandcost-effectivenessofGC-MStechniqueshaveresultedinadrasticincreaseofsemio-chemistryresearch.Problematically,however,GC-MSdatadonotcarryabsolute,butratherrelativeinformation,andthusevensmalldifferencesinsamplevolume,concentration,and/orlabprocedures,incombinationwithbackgroundnoise,caninfluencetheperceivedabundanceofcompounds.Becauseofthis,pre-processingmustbecarriedoutbeforedatacanbecomparedstatistically.Currently,researchersuseawiderangeofpre-processingtechniques,oftenunawareofsomeoftheirintrinsicpropertiesandlimitations.Here,weuseacombinationof20,000simulatedprofiles,andempiricalGC-MSdatafrom15samplesofbadger(Melesmeles)subcaudalglandsecretion,totesttheperformanceofthemostcommonlyusednormalisationmethods(TotalSumNormalisation‘TSN’;ProbabilisticQuotientNormalisation‘PQN’;InternalStandardNormalisation‘ISN’;ExternalStandardNormalisation‘ESN’;andacompositionaldataapproach‘CODA’).Wedemonstratethateachmethodimpartsuniquepropertiestothedata,andanyecologicalinferenceisthuslikelytobeinfluencedbythenormalisationtechniqueemployed.Calibratingagainstanexternalorinternalstandardprovidedgoodresultswhendifferenceswerepronounced,butwerelessreliableformoresubtlydifferentiatedgroups.ThereliabilityofTSNandCODAapproaches,however,werehighlydependentonthestructureofthedata,andpronetogeneratingerroneousconclusions.ThelowfalsepositiverateofthePQNapproachmadeitthemostgenerallyapplicablenormalisationmethod,whereasthesuggestionofutilisingablanketapproachoffirstapplyingmultipledifferentnormalisationmethodsandthenidentifyingresultsthatareconsistentacrosseachisunlikelytobeeffectiveforalldatasets.Talk:SamplingandanalysisofVOCs&SVOCs–Whatarethebesttoolsforthejob?

MassimoSantoro,IlariaFerrante,HannahCalder

MarkesInternationalLtd.,GwaunElaiMedi-ScienceCampus,Llantrisant,UK

Thermaldesorption(TD),inconjunctionwithgaschromatography(GC),isapowerfulandversatiletechniquethatenablesthedetectionandquantitationoftraceorganicchemicalsfromambientair,workplaceenvironmentsaswellasthosereleasedfrommaterials.Morerecentlythiswellusedtechniquehasbeenadoptedbythefieldsofchemicalecologyandbiologicalmonitoringandoffersfascinatinginsightsintothecomplexinteractionsinvolvingplants,microorganismsandanimalsaswellasthedetectionofdiseasemarkersandodouranalysisofbreath.Thispresentationwillfocusonthevarioussamplingtechniquesthatfacilitatetheuseforthistechniqueacrossawiderangeofapplicationsanddiscussthe

benefitsoftheanalyticalsystemfordetectionandquantitationofVolatileandSemi-volatileorganiccompounds.

PMCoffeeBreak

Opensession4Talk:Temporalchemicalprofilingofurinevolatilecompoundsofdomesticcatsandtheirolfactorydiscriminationabilities

C.Suzuki,M.Maita,T.Miyazaki,T.Yamashita&M.Miyazaki

DepartmentofBiologicalChemistryandFoodSciences,FacultyofAgriculture,IwateUniversity,Japan

Territorialanimalsdeposittheirurineandfecesontheirterritories.Theseexcretionscontainthousandsofmetabolitessomeofwhichmaybeusedasscentsignalsforspecies,sex,age,andindividualrecognitions.Previousstudieshavesuggestedthatcompoundsidentifiedspecies-,sex-,andage-specificallyandvariedamongindividualsareimportantforscentcommunication.Inthesestudies,freshexcretionswereusedfortheirchemicalprofilingandbehaviorbioassays.Howeveranimalsusuallyencounterexcretionsafteragingperiodsofseveralhoursanddaysintheirterritories.Therefore,itisnecessarytoanalyzenotonlyfreshexcretionsbutalsoagingexcretionsinanimals.Inthepresentstudy,weexaminedtemporalchangesofchemicalprofilesofurinaryvolatilecompoundsofdomesticcats,andtheirolfactorydiscriminationabilitiestowardthesevolatiles.Cottonswereinfiltratedwithmalecaturine,andthentheheadspacegasemittedfromthecottonsbeforeandafterair-dryingwereanalyzedintwo-dimensionalgaschromatography(GC×GC)-massspectrometry(MS).GCxGC-MSdetectedovertwothousandsofvolatilesinbothheadspacegasemittedfromfreshandagingurine.Chemicalprofilesoftheheadspacegasdifferedmarkedlybetweenfreshandagingurine.Therewasatendencythatcontentsofcompoundswithlow-boilingpointdecreasedinagingurine,whilecompoundswithmiddle-boilingpointincreased.Inbehavioralassays,catswhichhabituatedtofreshurineshoweddishabituationtoagingurine.Theseresultsindicateagingurineemittedmorecompoundswithmiddle-boilingpointthanfreshurine,andcatscandistinguishdifferencesofchemicalprofilesbetweenfreshandagingurinebyolfaction.Talk:Identificationofkeycompoundsfortheindividualrecognitioninthedomesticcats

M.Maita1,C.Suzuki1,J.Caspers2,T.Yamashita1,S.Schulz2&M.Miyazaki1

1DepartmentofBiologicalChemistryandFoodSciences,IwateUniversity,Iwate,Japan;2DepartmentofLifeScience,TechnicalUniversityofBraunschweig,Braunschweig,Germany

Domesticcatsspraytheirurineontoaverticalsurfaceforscentmarking.Theysniffurinedepositedbyotherindividualsofintraspeciescarefully,andthenexhibittheflehmenresponse;thecatsraisetheirheadandholdtheirmouthpartiallyopenforafewseconds.Ourpreviousstudiesdemonstratedthatvolatilefelininederivativeswerestrongcandidatesofscentsignalsforspecies,sex,andageinformationincats.However,littleisknownwhich

compoundsareinvolvedinindividualrecognitionincats.Theaimofthisstudywastoidentifykeycompoundsforindividualrecognitionincats.Itisknownthattheflehmenresponseisobservedinmalesthatsniffestrousfemaleurineincats.Inaddition,wefoundthatcatsexhibitedtheflehmenresponsetoothercaturineofsamesex,butnotownurine.Wepurifiedkeycompoundsfromcaturine,usingsniffingtimeandtheflehmenresponseasindicatorsofindividualrecognition.Ouranalysesindicatedthatcatssniffedurinarycompoundscontainingofafunctionalgroupoflipidswithconsiderableinterestsandshowedtheflehmenresponse.InGC-MSanalyses,urinarycontentsofthesecompoundswerevariedamongindividuals.Habituation-dishabituationtestsshowedthatcatsdistinguishedthedifferenceofurinarycontents.Furthermore,chemicalprofilesofthesecompoundswereconservedbetweenfreshandagingurineineachcat.Theseresultsindicatethatthelipidsarekeycompoundsforindividualrecognitionincats.

Friday01September2017

Plenary:Scentwars:unravellingthecomplexityofcompetitivescentsignalling

J.L.Hurst

MammalianBehaviourandEvolutionGroup,InstituteofIntegrativeBiology,UniversityofLiverpool,LeahurstCampus,NestonCH647TE,UK

Competitivescentmarkingisthemostovertformofscentsignallingseeninmammals,involvingabattlefoughtbetweenindividualsorsocialgroupsthatisplayedoutatbothbehaviouralandmolecularlevels.Competition,particularlyinthecontextofreproductiveopportunity,oftenleadstoadramaticincreaseininvestmentinspecificmolecularcomponentsofscentsaswellasinbehaviouraldeployment.However,anindividual’sabilitytoproduceanddeploythesesignalsisregulatedthroughcompetitiveaggression,leadingtohonestsignallingofcompetitiveability.Studiesinrodents–mostparticularlyinhousemice–haveidentifiedmultiplecomponentsthatcontributetothesedynamicsignals,potentiallyprovidingextensiveinformationabouttheownertocompetitorsandtopotentialmates.Thisincludesseveralandrogen-dependentvolatilepheromonestogetherwithMUPs(majorurinaryproteins),whichareamultigenefamilyofinvolatileurinarylipocalinproteinsthatbindandcontrolthereleaseofvolatilesfromdepositedscentmarks.Onemale-specificMUP,darcin,playsakeyroleininducingfemalemicetorapidlylearnattractiontotheodourandlocationof‘winning’malesthatcountermarktheircompetitors’scents.Mostinvestment,though,isinanothersetofMUPsthatprovideadistinctiveandsurprisinglystablesignatureofowneridentityatseverallevels.ThisMUPsignaturefurtherdeterminesthevolatilesignaturethatfemaleslearnfrommalescentmarks.IncreasingtherateofscentdepositionandamountofMUPinvestmentthusincreasesthestrengthofanindividual’sscentinthefaceofcompetingsignals,providingacombinedsignalofidentityandcompetitivestatus.

ThematicSessionVII:Olfactoryadvertisement(ChairJaneHurst)Talk:Urinaryvolatilesandbioindicatorsrelatedtoreproductivestatusingiantpanda(Ailuropodamelanoleuca)

M.Dehnhard1&J.Brown2

1LeibnizInstituteforZooandWildlifeResearch,Berlin,Germany(dehnhard@izw-berlin.de);2CenterforSpeciesSurvival,SmithsonianConservationBiologyInstitute,FrontRoyal,USA

Inex-situpandabreeding,urinarysteroidsserveasestrousindicatorsandtotimeAI.Followingaperiodofadelayedimplantation,femalepandasgenerallyexperiencepseudopregnancy.However,ifatruepregnancyoccurs,aplacentaisformedthatmayaffectthecompositionofurinarycompounds.Weaimedto:1)analyseurinaryvolatilesthatadsorbon1cmpiecesofpolydimethyl-siloxane(PDMS);2)detectestrousrelatedsubstances;and3)findcompoundsthatmightbeapplicabletodifferentiatetruepregnancyfrompseudopregnancy.AnAgilentGCMSwasusedfortheanalysesofPDMSadsorbedsubstancesusing1mlofurine.CompoundprofilingwascarriedoutusingthefreelyavailableXCMSsoftwareathttp://metlin.scripps.edu.AnalysesofPDMSadsorbedurinaryvolatilesconfirmedearlierresultsofanabruptincreaseinfattyacidsfrombasaltopeaklevels6dayspriortoovulation.However,fattyacidcompositionappearstovarybetweenconsecutiveyearsandbetweenindividuals.Inaddition,substancessuchasD-limoneneand2-ethyl-1,4-dimethyl-benzeneweredetectedpeakingaroundestrous.Comparisonofurinarycompoundsbetweenpregnanciesandpseudopregnanciesfromonepandaduringthesecondaryphase(highlevelsofprogestagensfollowingassumedimplantation)revealedseveralsignificantlyelevatedbutunidentifiedsubstancesduringtruepregnancy.Moreover,oneofthosesubstanceswasalsosignificantlyelevatedduringtheprimaryphase(lowlevelsofprogestagensafterconception).However,nosubstancewasfoundexclusivelyduringtruepregnancy.Asresultswereobtainedfromonlytwopandas,moresamplesareneededtoconfirmifapregnancyspecificsubstanceexistsinthisspecies.Talk:Femalesprefercooperativemalesbasedoncuesdifferentfromcooperativebehaviours:evidencefromtheMound-buildingmouse,Musspicilegus

A.Tognetti1,M.Raymond2,G.Ganem2&C.Faurie2

1InstituteforAdvancedStudyinToulouse,21alléedeBrienne,31015Toulouse–France;2InstituteofEvolutionarySciences(ISEM),UniversityofMontpellier,CNRS,IRD,EPHE,placeEugèneBataillon34095Montpellier–France

Theoreticalandempiricalstudiesinhumanssuggestthatcooperativebehaviorsmayactassignalsduringmatechoice.However,cooperationisnotalwaysobservablebypotentialpartnersbeforematechoice.Toaddresswhethercooperativephenotypesarepreferredbasedoncuesdifferentfromcooperativebehaviorsperse,wedesignedanexperimentalparadigmusingwild-bornMound-buildingmouse(Musspicilegus)aspecieswithbiparentalcare.Inthisspecies,femalescannotobservemalecooperativebehaviors:matechoiceoccursinspring,whereasmoundsarecooperativelybuiltinfall.Wefirstassessedvariation

inmoundbuildinginvestmentandidentifiedhighandlowcooperativemales.Second,wepresentedthesemalestofemalesduringtwo-waychoicetests.Ourresultsindicatethatfemalesweremoreattractedtohighoverlowcooperativemales,evenwhentheydidnotobservethembuild.Thisfindingsuggeststhatfemalematechoiceisinfluencedbycuesofcooperativenessdifferentthancooperativebehaviorsperse.Wespeculatethatsomechemosensorycuesofmatequalityorcooperativenesscouldbeinvolvedinthisdetection.Talk:Sex-steroidexcretioninurineasolfactoryadvertisementinEuropeanbadgers(Melesmeles)inrelationtocirculatingplasmatitres.

N.A.Sugianto1,H.V.2,D.W.Macdonald1&C.D.Buesching1

1WildlifeConservationResearchUnit,DepartmentofZoology,UniversityofOxford,Recanati-KaplanCentre,AbingdonRoad,TubneyHouse,Tubney,OxfordshireOX135QL,UK.2FacultyofArtsandSciences,DepartmentofEnvironmentalandHealthStudies,TelemarkUniversityCollege,N-3800BøiTelemark,NorwayCirculatingsex-steroidlevelsareareliableindicatorofanindividual’sreproductivestatus.Aftermetabolization,sex-steroidsareremovedfromthebloodstreamthroughexcretioninurineviatherenalsystem,orinfaecesviatheliver.Therefore,thesemetabolicwasteproductsmayserveashonestandreliableolfactoryreproductiveadvertisementsignalstoconspecifics.TheEuropeanbadger(Melesmeles)isahighlymacro-osmaticmustelidandusesglandularsecretionsaswellasurineandfaecesforintra-specificcommunication.Here,weanalysed127urinesamplescollectedfrom58maleand69femalebadgersinWythamWoods(Oxfordshire-UK)duringthepost-weaningperiodforfemalesandmainmatingseasoninspring(May/June),duringthereportedsecondarymatingpeakinsummer(August/September),andduringreproductivequiescenceinautumn(November),andusedGC-MStodeterminehowurinarysex-steroidmetabolitesdifferbetweenindividualsofdifferentreproductivestates.GC-MSprofilesvariedwithcirculatingplasmalevelsofoestradiol(measuredwithEIAusingoestradiol-17-HS-BSA-antiserum),oestrone(EIAusingpolyclonal-EC-R522-antiserum)andtestosterone(EIAusinganti-testosterone-R156/7).Asbadgersarereportedtoboth,sniffandlickurinefromconspecifics,weinferthattheylikelyusevolatileaswellasnon-volatilecomponentstodecipherurinaryinformationcontent.Talk:Scent-markingasHonestFitnessAdvertisementinEuropeanBadgers(Melesmeles)

T.Allen,C.D.Buesching,C.Newman&D.W.MacdonaldWildlifeConservationResearchUnit,DepartmentofZoology,UniversityofOxford,Recanati-KaplanCentre,AbingdonRoad,TubneyHouse,Tubney,OxfordshireOX135QL,UK.Scent-markingisconsideredcostlynotonlyduetothephysicalactivityassociatedwithdepositingscentmarkswithadequatefrequencyandofadequatestrength,butalsoduetothephysiologicalproductionofthesecretionsthemselves.Factorsrelatedtohonestfitnessadvertisement–particularlyindividualvariationinsecretioncomposition–duetointrinsic(e.g.age,sex,genetics)andextrinsic(e.g.resourceavailability,populationdensity,climate)factorscanimpacttheperceivedattractivenessofscent-marks.Therefore,scentmarkshavebeensuggestedtofunctionashonest

fitnessadvertisementsignals.However,littleresearchhasinvestigatedindividualenergeticcoststowardsecretionproduction.Europeanbadgers(Melesmeles)arehighlymacrosmaticmustelids.Likeallcarnivores,theypossesspairedanalglands,buthaveevolvedanadditionaluniquesubcaudalgland.Subcaudalglandsecretionisrichinlong-chainedcarboxylicacidsandencodesforindividualityandgroup-membership,andawealthoffitness-relatedparameters,suchassex,age,reproductiveandsomaticcondition.Herewemeasuredthesizeofthesubcaudalglandopeningasaproxyforscentmarksize,andanalysedtheenergycontentofsubcaudalglandsecretions,usingbombcalorimeteranalyses.Werelateopeningsizeandcalorimetricdifferencestosex,ageandbodycondition,anddiscussthesuitabilityofsubcaudalglandsecretionsashonest(i.e.unfakable)fitnessadvertisementsignals.

AMCoffeeBreak

PosterTalks4:AdvertisementPOSTER14:Changesincompositionofurineduringvariousperiodsofovariancycleinfemaleofdomesticdogs(Canisfamiliaris)

M.Dzięcioł1,A.Szumny2,W.Niżański1,T.Jezierski3,M.Woszczyło1&B.Pieczewska1

1WroclawUniversityofEnvironmentalandLifeSciences,DepartmentofReproductionandClinicofFarmAnimals,50-366Wrocław,PlacGrunwaldzki49,Poland;2WroclawUniversityofEnvironmentalandLifeSciences,DepartmentofChemistry,50-375Wrocław,C.K.Norwida25,Poland;3InstituteofGeneticsandAnimalBreedingofPolishAcademyofSciences,DepartmentofAnimalBehavior,Jastrzębiec,05-552Magdalenka,Poland

Sincemanyreportsunderminesthemeaningofmethylparabenasasexpheromonesindogs,theaimofthisstudywastoevaluatechangesincompositionoftheurineinfemaledog(Canisfamiliaris)duringthedifferentphasesofovariancycle.MorethanhundredofurinesamplescollectedfromthevariousfemalesduringtheparticularphasesofovariancyclewereevaluatedwiththeHS-SPME/GC-MStechnique.Thephaseofthecyclewasconfirmedbyevaluationofclinicalsymptomsaswellasbyvaginalcytologyandhormoneslevelmeasurement.Theresultsshowedsignificantdifferencesbetweensamplescollectedduringparticularphasesofovariancycle.Aboutthirtycompoundswereidentifiedinurinesamples.Severaldifferencesinchemicalprofileofvolatilecompoundsasaffectedbyovariancyclewerenoticed.Unequivocally,thelevelofcarbonylaromaticcompounds,suchasacetophenone(hypnone)andbenzaldehydeincreasedintheoestruscycle.Itwasaccompaniedbyrisingthemethylketones,e.g.butanone,2-pentanone,3-hexanone.Simultaneouslythesulfidecompounds:1-methylotiopropane;1-methylotiobutane,1-methylotipentaeordimethyltrisulphidesignificantlysatisticallydecreasedinperiodofoestrusandrisedindioestrus.Thisobservationsuggestpossibledualcharacterofmechanismofinteractionbetweenmalesandfemalesduringmatingperiodincludingbothluringbutmaybealsorepellentsignalexistence.ContrarytoGoodwinetal.(1979)observation,noparabenswerefoundinexaminedsamples.Thefurtherstudyincludingthe

behavioraltestsareindicatedtoverifysemiochemicalactivitiesofidentifiedsubstancesandgenuinenessofthesisaboutluring/repelingmechanisminvolvedinmatingbehaviorindogs.POSTER15:ScentCommunicationinBankVoles:Doesmaleinvestmentinfluencefemaleresponse?

H.Coombes1,Stockley1,R.J.Beynon2&J.L.Hurst1

1MammalianBehaviourandEvolutionGroup,UniversityofLiverpool,Liverpool,UK;2ProteinFunctionGroup,UniversityofLiverpool,Liverpool,UK

Olfactorycommunicationplaysakeyroleinmanymammaliansocialinteractionsandmanyanimalsinvestheavilyindepositingscentsignals.However,themolecularcompositionofscentmarks,whyanimalinvestinscentsignalsandbehaviouralresponseofconspecificstoindividualscentcuesispoorlyunderstoodinmostnon-modelspecies.Scentmarkingisimportantinvolesocialbehaviourandscentsignalsareakeysourceofinformationaboutconspecifics.Inthisstudy,weexaminescentmarkingbehaviourinbankvoles(Myodesglareolus).Weinvestigatewhethermalebankvolesinvestdifferentiallyincompetitivescentmarking,bothintermsofthenumberofmarksdepositedandtheproteincompositionofthesescentmarks.Wealsoexplorewhetherindividualmalescentmarkselicitdifferentbehaviouralresponsesfromfemalevoles,andwhetherfemalesshowapreferencebetweenmalesaccordingtotheirinvestmentinscentmarking.Understandingthecontextinwhichscentsignalsareproduced,theirmolecularcompositionandthebehaviouralresponsestheystimulate,eachprovideimportantinsightrequiredtounderstandhowchemicalcommunicationinfluencessocialbehaviour.POSTER16:ExploringVOCsfromharbourporpoiseexcreta

M.Gabirot1,B.Bouchard1,A.Célérier1,L.IJsseldijk2&S.Campagna1

1CEFE-CNRS(Montpellier,France);2UtrechUniversity(Netherlands)

Cetaceansaredescendantsofland-livingmammalswhichreturnedtowaterforafullyaquaticlife.Thissingularevolutionaryhistoryisaccompaniedbyaprofoundreorganizationofthechemosensorysystem(olfactionandgustation).Intoothedwhalesparticularly,thisisillustratedbythelossofanatomicalstructuresasolfactorybulbsandnerve.Howeverseveralreportsbasedonbehaviouralexperimentswithbottlenosedolphinsdemonstratethepresenceofaneffectivechemicalperceptioninfeedingaswellassocialcontext.Thusifchemicalsareinvolvedinsocialinteractionsincetaceans,informativecompoundsshouldbepresentintheexcretaoftheseanimals.Forthisreason,wehavelaunchedtheanalysisofthevolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs)releasedfromtheurineandfaecesofdeadharbourporpoise(Phocoenaphocoena).Wehavedevelopedforthatpurposeanovelandrobustmethodologyusingsolidphasemicroextraction(SPME).ThecomparisonofVOCsfoundamongtheexcretafromindividualsofdifferentages,sexesandhealthstatuswiththosepresentintheexcretafromterrestrialmammalswillallowustodetectthepresenceofsocialsemiochemicalsinmarinemammals.Thisinnovativeworkcouldalsohavemajor

implicationsinmonitoringthehealthstatusofanimalsbasedonthepossiblepresenceofdiseasemarkersintheexcreta.

POSTER17:Putativepheromoneofsnowleopard,Pantherauncia(Schreber,1775)S.Das1,P.L.Das1,2&M.P.Sarkar1

1DepartmentofBotany(CentreofAdvancedStudy),ChemicalsignalandLipidomicslab.,UniversityofCalcutta,Kolkata700019,India2ZooBiologist,PNHZP,Darjeeling,WB,India

Chemicalcharacterizationofurineofsnowleopardwascarriedouttoinvestigateitspheromonalsignificance.Pantheraunciasyn.Unciauncia(Schreber,1775),acrepuscularandsolitaryendangeredfelid,isthenativeofNorthEasternHimalayanmountainrangeofIndiansubcontinent.Observationsonurinewereconductedonsemi-captiveanimalsofPadmajaNaiduHimalayanZoologicalPark,WestBengal,India(27°03'30.1"N88°15'14.4"E).Solidphasemicroextraction(SPME)ofheadspacevolatilesoftheurinefromsnowleopardwereexaminedbygaschromatography–massspectrometry.About32lowcarboncompoundswithvariousfunctionalgroupslikealcohols,aldehydes,ketones,phenol,amines,somecyclichydroxycompoundsandasulphurcontainingcompoundhavebeenidentified.Thevolatilomeofurineofsnowleopardrevealedthepresenceof6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one,theprincipalcomponentoflemongrassoilandthemajorpheromonalcomponentofredfox,Vulpesvulpes.Wedetectedthisspecificaromabysmelling,conductedonabouttwentyvolunteerswhensprayedoverfilterpaper.VariousbranchedandunbranchedsaturatedandunsaturatedfattyacidsfromC12-C18wereidentifiedfromthelipid,extractedfromurine.However,significantvariationincompositionofvolatilomeandlipidicfractionofurineofsnowleopardfromtiger,leopard,lionandAfricancheetahmightbeindicativefortheirdifferentstrategyandnatureofterritorialmarking.Itmightberelevanttotheirdifferentoriginindifferentecologicalenvironment.

Listofdelegates:Surname First name Email address Affiliation Abbate Jessie jessie.abbate@gmail.com Laboratoire MIVEGEC, Institut de Recherche

pour le Développement, Montpellier, France Albone Eric eric@clifton-scientific.org Clifton Scientific Trust, UK

Allen Caroline caroline.allen@newcastle.ac.uk Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle

Allen Tanesha tanesha.allen@zoo.ox.ac.uk WildCRU-Department of Zoology, University of Oxford

Apps Peter peterjapps@gmail.com Botswana Predator Conservation Trust

Baudouin Jean-Yves Jean-Yves.Baudouin@u-bourgogne.fr

Developmental Ethology and Cognitive Psychology, CSGA, Universiré de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS, Inra

Beynon Robert R.Beynon@liverpool.ac.uk University of Liverpool, UK

Bossuyt Franky fbossuyt@vub.be Amphibian Evolution Lab, Biology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

Cann Paul paul.cann@edu.mnhn.fr UMR 8576 CNRS/Université de Lille1/USC INRA 1409

Chabi Malika m.chabicenci@gmail.com UGSF- UMR 8576- USC INRA

Coombes Holly H.Coombes@liverpool.ac.uk Mammalian Behaviour and Evolution Group, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

Das Subhadeep subhabiology@gmail.com Department of Botany, University of Calcutta

Davidson Amanda Mammalian Behaviour and Evolution Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, CH64 7TE, United Kingdom

Dehnhard Martin dehnhard@izw-berlin.de Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany

Devaraj Sankar Ganesh

Sankarganesh.eco@gmail.com Laboratory of Animal Behavior, Physiology and Welfare, Animal and Food Sciences Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409

Durairaj Rajesh r.durairaj@group-irsea.com Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology

Dzięcioł Michał michaldzieciol@wp.pl Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, 50-366 Wrocław, Plac Grunwaldzki 49, Poland.

Ferdenzi Camille camille.ferdenzi@inserm.fr Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France

Fialová Jitka jitka.fialova@natur.cuni.cz Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic

Fu Xiaoyan Xiaoyanfu@wustl.edu Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, USA

Gabirot Marianne marianne.gabirot@gmail.com CEFE-CNRS, Montpellier, France

Gervasi Stephanie sgervasi@monell.org Monell Chemical Senses Center

Ghosh Biswatosh biswabios.atgc@gmail.com Department of Zoology, Bidhannagar College, Govt. of West Bengal, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700064, India.

Gómez-Baena Guadalupe v52gobag@uco.es

Centre for Proteome Research. University of Liverpool. United Kingdom.

Grau Paricio Carlos c.grau@group-irsea.com Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology Apt, France

Harris Rachel rachel.l.harris@duke.edu Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham NC, USA

Havlíček Jan jhavlicek@natur.cuni.cz National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic

Hurst Jane J.Hurst@liverpool.ac.uk University of Liverpool, UK

Janssenswillen Sunita Sunita.Janssenswillen@vub.be Amphibian Evolution Lab, Biology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

Joly Alexandre joly.alexandre14@gmail.com Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF), UMR8576, CNRS/Université de Lille 1/USC INRA1409 cité scientifique, Bâtiment C9 75655 Villeneuve d'ascq CEDEX

Kaneko Yayoi ykaneko7946@gmail.com Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technolgy

Kean Eleanor keanef@cardiff.ac.uk School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK

Kotenkova Elena ekotenkova@gmail.com A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation

Koyama Sachiko sakoyama@indiana.edu Indiana University, Medical Sciences, Bloomington, IN, U.S.A

Laktionova Tatiana tatita.laktionova@gmail.com A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Moscow, Russian Federation

Le Danvic Chrystelle chrystelle.ledanvic@allice.fr ALLICE, Research and Development Department

Liu Dingzhen dzliu@bnu.edu.cn College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University

Loxley Grace Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK

Maex Margo Margo.Maex@vub.be Amphibian Evolution Lab, Biology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

Maita Minoru a2216009@iwate-u.ac.jp Department of Biological Chemistry and Food Sciences, Iwate University, Iwate, Japan

Mason Robert (Bob)

masonr@science.oregonstate.edu

Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University

McGlone John Texas Tech University

Mirza Reehan reehanm@nipissingu.ca Department of Biology and Chemistry, Nipissing University

Miyazaki Masao mmasao@iwate-u.ac.jp Iwate University, JAPAN

Munger Steven D. steven.munger@ufl.edu 1Center for Smell and Taste, 2Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and 3Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.

Nagnan-LeMeillour

Patricia patricia.Le-Meillour@univ-lille1.fr

CNRS UMR 8576 - INRA 1409

Olsson Mats mats.j.olsson@ki.se Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Petrulis Aras Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University

Poirier Alice alice.poirier@pgr.anglia.ac.uk Anglia Ruskin University

Pounder Kieran Mammalian Behaviour and Evolution Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, L64 7TE, United Kingdom

Prescott Mark mp1608@liverpool.ac.uk Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool

Roberts S. Craig craig.roberts@stir.ac.uk Division of Psychology, University of Stirling, UK

Rowland Hannah Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany

Santoro Massimo msantoro@markes.com Markes International Ltd, Llantrisant, UK

Schaal Benoist benoist.schaal@u-bourgogne.fr CNRS centre des sciences du goût

Schulte Bruce bruce.schulte@wku.edu Western Kentucky University

Schulte Lisa M. Lisa.Maria.Schulte@vub.be Amphibian Evolution Lab, Biology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

Sugianto Nadine Adrianna

nadine.sugianto@zoo.ox.ac.uk WildCRU-Department of Zoology, University of Oxford

Suzuki Chiharu g0417031@iwate-u.ac.jp Department of Biological Chemistry and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Japan

Tognetti Arnaud arnaud.tognetti@gmail.com Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse, 21 allée de Brienne, 31015 Toulouse – France

Treer Dag dtreer@vub.ac.be, dtreer@vub.be

Amphibian Evolution Lab, Biology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

Trester Annika G.M.Loxley@liverpool.ac.uk Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK

Tsunoda Marie maririntay13@gmail.com Carnivore Ecology and Conservation Research Group, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology

Van Bocxlaer Ines Ines.Van.Bocxlaer@vub.be Amphibian Evolution Lab, Biology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

Van Moorleghem Charlotte Charlotte.VanMoorleghem@uantwerpen.be

Laboratory for Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium

Voznessenskaya Vera veravoznessenskaya@gmail.com

A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology & Evolution, Moscow

Weiß Brigitte M. Brigitte.schloegl@uni-leipzig.de

Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, Talstrasse 33, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany

Wyatt Tristram tristram.wyatt@zoo.ox.ac.uk

Department of Zoology, University of Oxford

programme and abstract booklet - vrije universiteit brussel · 2018-06-18 · alumni relations...

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