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Greensleeves LLC
Real-World Geothermal: Design, Control and Monitor-based
Optimization or
“Let’s change the game…”
Stephen Hamstra, P.E. ASHRAE HBDP & Dis<nguished Lecturer
Fellow AEE, CGD, LEED-‐AP President
Greensleeves LLC shamstra@greensleevesllc.com
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Greensleeves LLC
Outline/Agenda
• Game Changer? Really?
• Real-time v. Predictive Controls
• Examples
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Greensleeves LLC
Why different do we need a different approach?
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GSHP Systems are not equivalent to boilers and chillers.
The difference is the “thermal flywheel” that we charge and discharge.
This creates opportuni<es not available with “real <me”
systems.
Greensleeves LLC
Today’s disconnected approach
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Design
Create Construc/on Documents
Manually Program BAS
Commission System (?)
= Handoff or technology change
Walk away and hope it works as designed
Greensleeves LLC 5
Energy Model GHX Design Control Spec’s
Programming BAS Cx BAS Sta<c, Reac<ve Sequences
Bidding and Award Process + SubmiVals
Shown another way… Engineer Engineer Engineer
BAS Contractor BAS Contractor BAS Contractor Re-‐Cx?
What if the “real” HVAC loads, weather, building schedule, GHX Performance, etc. don’t match design or just plain change???
Greensleeves LLC
Let’s Change the Game…
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Op/mize Design
Create Control
Intelligence
Model-‐based Cx
Load & Performance Analy/cs
Op/mize Control
Intelligence
= Digital Connec<on
Greensleeves LLC
Process Summary • Design
– Import loads from 8760 hour energy model
– Define desired optimization outcome
– Create hybrid design & automatically create control language
• Control
– Download control software & expose BAS points
– Model-based commissioning process
– Predictive, self-healing controls
• Performance feedback
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Greensleeves LLC
Controls Comparison • Traditional Approach
– EOR provides Points List and Sequence of Operation
– BAS Technician “codes” sequence into PLC
– Extensive debugging and Cx Processes
– Fixed/static sequence; does not change
• Integrated Approach – Control code in M2M language directly from simulation
– Download to local BAS, expose points via BACnet, etc.
– Remote Cx and diagnostics
– Tracks GHX loads, adapts control algorithms to optimize
– Future failure alert and can “fix” failed borefields!
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Greensleeves LLC
Trane TRACE 700 File Support
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TRACE 700 can now create a “Greensleeves” file with hourly hea<ng/cooling loads plus Engineer’s hourly weather data (.TMY).
Greensleeves LLC
Trane TRACE 700 File Support
T700simsecngs checked for Greensleeves:
– While in TRACE (Project Navigator) hit “CTL + ALT + T”, this will open a new window
– Double click “T700SimSecngs.exe”
– Check the box for “Greensleeves Geothermal Report” and click OK
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Greensleeves LLC
Trane TRACE 700 File Support
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There will now be a .csv file in the project folder (the folder where the .trc file resides). The naming conven<on is ‘file_name’.GS’alterna<ve_number’.csv. For example, if you have a file name called “Greensleeves.trc” the output will be “Greensleeves.GS1.csv”. The first file extension refers to the alterna<ve, e.g. GS1 for Alt 1, GS2 for Alt 2, etc.
Hybrids can take many forms
Heat Exchangers to Sewer or Irriga/on systems
Geo. Heat Pumps
CC Cooling Towers & Dry Coolers
Bodies of Water
CHP & Emergency Power Systems
Solar Thermal Systems
HEAT TRANSFER
Mass Tank/ Thermal BaQery
Geothermal Earth Heat Exchanger
HEAT TRANSFER
HEAT TRANSFER
HEAT TRANSFER
HEAT
TRANSFER
Weather condi<ons U<lity Rate Structure Forecasted Loads
Historical Performance Self-‐Adap<ng Self-‐Healing
Data Communica<on
Building Automa/on System
*: Indicates currently in Greensleeves simulator. Rest are in process.
*
*
*
Greensleeves LLC
“ASHRAE” Hybrid?
• Add a closed-circuit cooling tower (CCCT) to handle peak
cooling loads when the loop temperature exceeds a
setpoint (85⁰ F)
• Add a boiler to handle loop temperatures below 45⁰ F if
no antifreeze is present
• Either device operates on a REAL TIME basis
• But by definition, real time (when the loads are highest) is
typically the least efficient time to run a CCCT
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Greensleeves LLC 18
Full-‐sized GHX ASHRAE Hybrid GS Hybrid
GHX Borefeet & % Change
81,000 BF
45,000 BF (-‐44%)
28,000 BF (-‐65%)
CCCT Size No CCCT 188 Tons 125 Tons
HVAC Op Cost $ 44,000 $ 48,000 $ 45,000
1st Cost GHX + CCCT
$1,053,000 $654,156 $413,000
1st Cost Reduc<on Base $399,000 (38%) $640,000 (61%)
New
Con
struc<on
56°F
Greensleeves Avg EWT
ASHRAE Hybrid Avg EWT
70°F
Fullsize GeoThermal Avg EWT
65°F
Greensleeves LLC 19
Full-‐sized GHX GS Hybrid
GHX Borefeet & % Change
65,910 BF 12,000 BF (-‐82%)
CCCT Size No CCCT 300 Tons
HVAC Op Cost $ 26,500 $ 26,000
1st Cost GHX + CCCT
$1,000,000 $300,000
1st Cost Reduc<on Base $700,000 (70%)
New
Con
struc<on
60°F
Greensleeves Avg EWT
ASHRAE Hybrid Avg EWT
Fullsize GeoThermal Avg EWT
78°F
Greensleeves LLC 20
Full-‐sized GHX ASHRAE Hybrid GS Hybrid
GHX Borefeet & % Change
50,400 BF 35,370 BF (-‐30%)
16,800 BF (-‐67%)
CCCT Size No CCCT 75 Tons 75 Tons
HVAC Op Cost $ 15,600 $ 17,700 $ 19,000
1st Cost GHX + CCCT
$756,000 $567,000 $287,500
1st Cost Reduc<on Base $189,000 (25%) $468,500 (62%)
New
Con
struc<on
70°F
Greensleeves Avg EWT
ASHRAE Hybrid Avg EWT
81°F
Fullsize GeoThermal Avg EWT
79°F
Greensleeves LLC 21
ASHRAE Hybrid GS Hybrid
GHX Borefeet & % Change
120,000 BF 100,000 BF
CCCT Size 735 Tons 300Tons
HVAC Op Cost $ 50,000 $ 28,500 (-‐43%)
1st Cost GHX + CCCT
$2,000,000 $1,600,000
1st Cost Reduc<on Base $400,000 (20%)
New
Con
struc<on
ASHRAE Hybrid Avg EWT
89°F
Greensleeves Avg EWT
71°F
Greensleeves LLC 22
New
Con
struc<on
Full-‐sized GHX ASHRAE Hybrid GS Hybrid
GHX Borefeet 120,000 BF 72,800 BF 64,000 BF
CCCT Size No CCCT 350 Tons 350 Tons
HVAC Op Cost $ 24,233 $ 28,250 (+17%) $ 24,400 (+0.6%)
1st Cost GHX + CCCT
$ 2,640,000 $1,215,000 (-‐54%) $1,085,000 (-‐59%)
ASHRAE Hybrid Avg EWT
77°F
Fullsize GeoThermal Avg EWT
75°F
Greensleeves Avg EWT
61°F
Greensleeves LLC 23
Full-‐sized GHX ASHRAE Hybrid GS Hybrid
GHX Borefeet 18,450 BF 18,450 BF 18,450 BF
CCCT Size No CCCT 45 Tons 36 Tons
HVAC Op Cost $ 17,000 $ 17,000 (-‐0%) $ 15,000 (-‐12%)
1st Cost CCCT No CCCT $27,000 $22,000 (-‐18%)
Borefie
ld Rescue
69°F
Greensleeves Avg EWT
ASHRAE Hybrid Avg EWT
85°F
Fullsize GeoThermal Avg EWT
90°F
Greensleeves LLC
What’s Available Now? • Trane TRACE 700 Greensleeves file + support for HAP,
IES VE, EnergyPlus, etc.
• Early adopter phase – we receive your files, run the
simulations and return results to you, just VGHX + CCCT
configuration initially
• Phased rollout of online storefront and NET computer
access to Cloud-based tools
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Greensleeves LLC
Phased Rollout • Q4 2014 We run files for users, test the online store
and tools
• Q1 2015 Online store up, Engineers running our
software in the Cloud, engineers get access to their
projects’ performance data online
• Q1-Q3 2015 Addition of more reports and system
configurations
• IGSHPA 2016 Goal: introduce entirely new and currently
unavailable set of tools for our industry
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Greensleeves LLC
Benefits • Engineers & Geo Designers
– shorter design phase with better designs
– lower 1st and energy costs
– less risk
– Performance feedback, maintain client contact
• BAS Contractors – less programming, debugging, Cx
• GHX Contractors – more projects go GSHP
• GSHP Equipment Mfrs – less “failures”, more sales
Entire GSHP Industry benefits!
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Greensleeves LLC 33
Shown another way…
Energy Model
1. GHX Design Op<miza<on 2. Generates Control Algorithms 3. Sowware Download to BAS 4. Model-‐Based Cx Process
Downloads Predic<ve, Adap<ve, Self-‐learning Controls On-‐going Performance Repor<ng Sowware enhancements
BAS Contractor
Engineer
Greensleeves Sowware
Sowware senses and adapts to “real” HVAC loads, and real GHX performance!
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