refrigeration compressor

Refrigeration Compressors

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-ENAir Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN

A Trane Air Conditioning Clinic

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-ENAir Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC004-EN© American Standard Inc. 2000

Vapor-Compression Refrigeration

expansionexpansiondevicedevice

condensercondenser

compressorcompressor

evaporatorevaporator

expansionexpansiondevicedevice

F condensercondenser

Refrigeration Cycle

enthalpyenthalpy

period one

Compressor Types

scrollreciprocating

helical-rotary

centrifugal

Reciprocating Compressor

pistonpistonrefrigerantrefrigerantvaporvapor

cylindercylinder

dischargedischargevalvevalve

rodrod

suctionsuctionvalvevalve

intake stroke

compressionstroke

dischargedischargeopeningopening

headspaceheadspace

suction suction openingopening

motormotor

pistonpiston

cylindercylinder

crankshaftcrankshaft

rodrod

headspaceheadspace

Scroll Compressor

stationarystationaryscrollscroll

drivendrivenscrollscroll

intakeintake

dischargedischarge

intakeintake

dischargedischargeportport

motormotorshaftshaft

Scroll Compressor

journaljournalbearingbearing

motormotorshaftshaft

drivendrivenscrollscroll

directiondirectionof rotationof rotation

Scroll Compressor

intakeintake

Scroll Compressor

intakeintakephasephase

compressioncompressionphasephase

dischargedischargephasephase

Scroll Compressor

motormotor

scrollsscrolls

domedome

suctionsuctionopeningopening

Helical-Rotary (Screw) Compressor

Helical-Rotary Compressor

male rotormale rotor

female rotorfemale rotor

housinghousing

pocket of refrigerant vaporpocket of refrigerant vapor

intakeintakeportport

meshing pointmeshing pointdischargedischarge

portport

motormotorrotorsrotors

slide valveslide valve

suctionsuctionopeningopening

Centrifugal Compressor

impellerimpeller

volutevolute

diffuserdiffuserpassagespassages

radial radial impeller impeller passagespassages

bladesblades impellerimpeller

Centrifugal Compressorrefrigerant refrigerant enters enters diffuserdiffuser

path through compressorpath through compressor

refrigerantrefrigerant enters impellerenters impeller

refrigerant refrigerant enters voluteenters volute

motormotor

impellerimpellersuctionsuction

inletinletvanesvanes

Open Compressor

compressorcompressorcrankshaftcrankshaft

housinghousing

Hermetic Compressor

motormotor

housinghousing

compressorcompressorpistonpiston

Semihermetic Compressor

compressorcompressorcrankshaftcrankshaft

motormotor

housinghousing

pistonpiston

period two

Compressor Capacity Control

Methods of Compressor Unloading

Reciprocating Scroll Helical-Rotary Centrifugal

Cylinder Unloaders

Cycle On and Off

Slide Valve

Inlet Vanes

Variable Speed

Cylinder Unloaders

unloaderunloadervalvevalve

refrigerantrefrigerantvaporvapor

dischargedischarge

unloaderunloadersolenoid valvesolenoid valve

controllercontroller

cylindercylinderpistonpiston

Cylinder Unloaders

unloaderunloadervalvevalve

refrigerantrefrigerantvaporvapor

unloaderunloadersolenoid valvesolenoid valve

dischargedischarge

Capacity Versus Suction Temperature

suction temperaturesuction temperature

50°F50°F[10°C][10°C]

40°F40°F[4.4°C][4.4°C]

20°F20°F[-6.7°C][-6.7°C]

30°F30°F[-1.1°C][-1.1°C]

40 tons40 tons[140.7 kW][140.7 kW]

20 tons20 tons[70.3 kW][70.3 kW]

0 tons0 tons[0 kW][0 kW]

6 cylinders6 cylinders

Compressor Unloading

50°F50°F[10°C][10°C]

40°F40°F[4.4°C][4.4°C]

20°F20°F[-6.7°C][-6.7°C]

30°F30°F[-1.1°C][-1.1°C]

40 tons40 tons[140.7 kW][140.7 kW]

20 tons20 tons[70.3 kW][70.3 kW]

Alternating Cylinders On and Off

50°F50°F[10°C][10°C]

40°F40°F[4.4°C][4.4°C]

20°F20°F[-6.7°C][-6.7°C]

30°F30°F[-1.1°C][-1.1°C]

40 tons40 tons[140.7 kW][140.7 kW]

20 tons20 tons[70.3 kW][70.3 kW]

Cycling On and Off

onon ononoffoff offoff

Cycling Scroll Compressors

nominalnominalcapacitycapacity

# of# ofcylinderscylinders

activeactive

# of# ofcompressorscompressors

activeactive

stepstep

reciprocatingreciprocating scrollscroll

nominalnominalcapacitycapacity

Cycling Scroll Compressors

50°F50°F[10°C][10°C]

40°F40°F[4.4°C][4.4°C]

20°F20°F[-6.7°C][-6.7°C]

30°F30°F[-1.1°C][-1.1°C]

40 tons40 tons[140.7 kW][140.7 kW]

20 tons20 tons[70.3 kW][70.3 kW]

3 compressors3 compressors

1 compressor1 compressor

4 compressors4 compressorsA

Slide Valve

discharge discharge portport

slide valveslide valve

housinghousing

rotorsrotors

Slide Valve

slide valve(closed)

slide valve

(open)

valvevalveopeningopening

to suctionto suction

full load part load

Inlet Vanes

inlet vanesinlet vanes

impellerimpeller

Inlet Vanes

1010 1414

capacitycapacity

surgesurge 9090

unloading lineunloading line

vane positionvane position(degrees)(degrees)

Variable Speed

variable-speedvariable-speeddrivedrive

period three

The Compressor in a System

System-Level Control

direct expansion (DX)

chilled water

Constant-Volume DX System

DX coolingDX coolingcoilcoil

thermostatthermostat

supplysupplyfanfan

compressor compressor capacity capacity

supplysupplyfanfan

VAVVAVboxbox

Variable-Air-Volume DX System

DX coolingDX coolingcoilcoil

sensorsensor

compressor compressor capacity capacity

Chilled-Water System

pumppump

coilcoilsupplysupply

fanfan

evaporatorevaporatorcompressor compressor capacity controllercapacity controller

modulatingmodulatingwater valvewater valve

Preventing Evaporator Freeze-Up

50°F50°F[10°C][10°C]

40°F40°F[4.4°C][4.4°C]

20°F20°F[-6.7°C][-6.7°C]

30°F30°F[-1.1°C][-1.1°C]

40 tons40 tons[140.7 kW][140.7 kW]

20 tons20 tons[70.3 kW][70.3 kW]

1 compressor1 compressor

4 compressors4 compressorsA

freeze-upfreeze-upoccursoccurs

Sensing Suction Temperature

expansionexpansionvalvevalve

condensercondenser

compressorcompressorsuctionsuction

lineline

sensorsensor

Hot Gas Bypass to Evaporator Inlet

condensercondenser

hot gas hot gas bypass valvebypass valve

expansion valveexpansion valve

distributordistributor

suction linesuction line

liquid lineliquid line

oil return lineoil return line

Hot Gas Bypass to Suction Line

condensercondenser

hot gas hot gas bypass valvebypass valve

suction linesuction line

liquid lineliquid line

liquid injection valveliquid injection valve

solenoidsolenoidvalvevalve

period four

Review

Review—Period One

scroll

reciprocating

helical-rotarycentrifugal

Review—Period Two

Reciprocating Scroll Helical-Rotary Centrifugal

Cylinder Unloaders

Cycle On and Off

Slide Valve

Inlet Vanes

Variable-Speed

Review—Period Three

System-level control Constant-volume DX system

Control by sensing space temperature

VAV DX system Control by sensing supply air temperature

Chilled-water system Control by sensing temperature of water leaving evaporator

Preventing evaporator freeze-up Sensing suction temperature Hot gas bypass

refrigeration compressor

Documents

compressor for r410a - bock verdichter_g… · suitable...

sustainable and reliable single-compressor refrigeration...

frick india industrial refrigeration compressor oil

design report: solar powered refrigeration compressor to:...

mobile flex-cool mobile compressor refrigeration containers...

marco air control services - indiamart.com · compressor...

refrigeration compressor lubricants · sabroe srm tecumseh...

compressor service training seminars for industrial...

design optimization of a refrigeration compressor

refrigeration refrigeration compressor compressor...

sustainable and reliable single-compressor refrigeration...

the main refrigeration compressor di km. sabuk nusantara

copeland scroll zska refrigeration compressor

bitzer chair of refrigeration, cryogenics and compressor...

project report 7 refrigeration energy use in the food...

copeland scroll k5 refrigeration compressor marked set by...

refrigeration screw compressor sr, sr-h,...

greases - frictionless lubricants€¦ · compressor,...

refrigeration compressor oils

reciprocating compressor - · pdf filethis product is a...