regenerative braking systems

Regenerative Braking SystemsPresented byChaitanya G. GosaviB.E. MechanicalGovernment Engineering College, Aurangabad

Introduction…Energy Crisis

Need of Regenerative Braking system…Loss in braking

1500 kg car, 100-0 km/h = 0.16 Kwh

Regenerative Braking SystemsMostly used In Hybrid & Electric

vehicles

Working…

Video…

System Components…

IC EngineMotor Generator 1 (MG1)Motor Generator 2 (MG2)Planetary Gear SetInverterHigh Voltage Electronic Control

Unit (HV ECU)High Voltage battery (HV Battery)

Motor/ Generator 1 (MG) - CVT function - engine starter

Motor Generator 2 - Connected to wheels - Used at low speeds Motor/Generator

Planetary GearboxCreates all of the different gear

ratios that the transmission can produce

The sun gear, The planet gears & The planet gears carrier - The ring gear. Planetary Gearbox

Inverter - Current between MG1, MG2 and

HV battery - HV battery DC to AC power - Rectifies HV AC from MG1 and

MG2 to recharge HV battery. Battery - Toyota Prius – 28 Nickel Metal Hydride - Total Voltage 201.6 V

Strategies for RBS…Series braking

Series braking with optimal energy recovery

Parallel Braking

Kinetic Energy Recovery System (KERS)

KERS is a device that is set to revolutionize the Automobile sector

Transferring the vehicle’s kinetic energy using Flywheel energy storage A KERS

flywheel

There are basically 2 types of KERS

1] Electronic KERS

2] Mechanical KERS

Mechanical KERSCompletely based carbon flywheel

Linked through CVT to the differential

Input disc and opposing output disc Two or three rollers are located inside each toroidal cavity

Flybrid KERSFlybrid is complex and integral differential based system

Weights 24  kg Flybrid KERS

- energy capacity of 400 kJ - (Allowing energy losses) - 64,500 rpm - occupies a volume of 13 liters.

KERS in Formula 1…..Formula1 2009 seasonFIA allowed the use of 60 kW KERSFerrari, Renault, BMW, and McLaren

Energy efficiency - petrol-electric hybrid is about 37%,

F1 car with Mechanical KERS is about 60%.

FIA restricted power – 60 Kw Actual power delivery capacity –

100Kw

Applications of RBS…Electric railway - Virgin Trains, UK -17% Savings - The Delhi Metro - saved 90,000 tons of

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) from being released Between 2004-2007 - 112,500 megawatt hours of electricity - expected that Delhi Metro will save over

100,000 tons of CO2 after comlition of phase II

Hybrid & Electric Cars Toyota Prius

Chevrolet Volt

Tesla Roadster

The Future….Integration - powertrain and

brake systems to provide better traction and stability control

Integration of ‘Antilock braking systems’ (ABS) with the motor controller

To end up with….RBS and KERS are key for the

solution to reduce pollution due to vehicles.

Reduction in the fuel losses.

Efficient performance.

Refreneces  Autocar India (Car Magazine)Overdrive (Car Magazine)Top Gear (Car Magzine)SAE Technical paper seriesRegenerative Braking - William Pricehttp://worldofcarfans.com/http://auto.howstuffworks.com/auto-parts/

brakes/brake-types/regenerative-braking.htmhttp://alternativefuels.about.com/od/

glossary/g/regenbraking.htm

Thank You !