remixing history in san bernardino

San Bernardino CountyRemixing History

Chris Shamburg

November 2011cshamburg@gmail.com

“O”

Medium

Medium: a means of effectively conveying something.

--Merriam Webster Dictionary

“O”

“O”Sad

“O”Angry

“O”Surprised

“O”You stubbed your toe

“O”You remembered something

important

“O”You just won a game

Context: The situation or conditions in which something exists or occurs which can affect its meaning.

She wanted to fight for her country.

She wanted to fight for her country.

She wanted to fight for her country.

She wanted to fight for her country.

Technology

Context

Medium

She wanted to fight for her country.

What we did…

• Imported an existing audio file and made it a track.

• Recorded an original audio track.• Shifted tracks.• Manipulated tracks.Made a few mistakes and easily fixed them.• Identified a good source for existing audio,

Megetrax.com.• Explored the connection among medium,

context, technology and meaning.

DIY Media

DIY Ethos: Allows ordinary people to pursue what had hitherto been professional tasks. It’s the empowerment of non-specialists…from home improvement to media production.

(Knobel and Lankshear, 2010)

DIY Media

1970 2011

DIY Media and Student-Centered

Learning

Bringing Primary Sources to Life

Original Recording

February 12, 1850

To J. C. Fairchild and Family,

I think we are in the poorest diggings in the country and we have made as much this winter as any store in Madison can make in a year. About four weeks ago the river rose very high and drove us on the highest part of the bar where we supposed there was no gold of any consequence, but to our surprise we found it the richest part so we all took our ground and went to work, since that it has not rained and we have all done well. Ed & I have taken out over Twelve hundred dollars or over 2 ounces a day which is good wages…

I remain Your affectionate Friend, Son, & Brother, Lucius Fairchild

Narrator 1: February 12, 1850

Narrator 2: To J. C. Fairchild and Family,

Narrator 3: I think we are in the poorest diggings in the country and we have made as much this winter as any store in Madison can make in a year.

Narrator 1: About four weeks ago the river rose very high and drove us on the highest part of the bar where we supposed there was no gold of any consequence,

Narrator 2: but to our surprise we found it the richest part so we all took our ground and went to work,

Narrator 3: since that it has not rained and we have all done well. Ed & I have taken out over Twelve hundred dollars or over 2 ounces a day which is good wages…

ALL: I remain Your affectionate Friend, Son, & Brother, Lucius Fairchild

From California As I Saw It: First-Person Narratives of California's Early Years, 1849-1900. The California Letters of Lucius Fairchild. Library of Congress’s American Memories Project retrieved January 4, 2006 from http://memory.loc.gov/Pg. 23, Student Powered Podcasting

Script Version

Foley ArtHere are some examples of other Foley techniques:

*Army Marching: Boots on wood, repeated and looped*Shovels: Spoons in sand or pebbles*pick ax: Pipes or metal spoonsApplause: 2-3 People clapping, repeated and looped*Knocking on door: Knocking on desk or wood*Time bomb Ticking: Clock*Airplane Engine: Fan starting and running*Helicopter: Opening and closing an umbrella very fast*Bones breaking: cracking celery or carrots*Knight moving in armor: A set of keys moving*Walking in snow: patting corn starch*Dinosaur, monster, or large animal eating: Chewing Watermelon*Elevator door closing: closing a desk draw or filing cabinet*Boiling Water: Blowing bubbles with straw*Horses: paper coffee cups on table

Short video on Foley Art

http://youtu.be/UNvKhe2npMM

Garageband or Audacity or any other audio editing program

Audacity Download is herehttp://audacity.sourceforge.net/

Garageband or Audacity for Mac

Audacity, any version, 1.2.6 is the ‘classic’

Audacity for Mac is herehttp://audacity.sourceforge.net/download/mac

GarageBand is on your Mac

They all look something like this…

Track 1

Track 2

5 10 15 20 25 30

Generic video of audio editing

Start your program, get ready to record your voice.

• Audacity (open and record)

GarageBand (choose create new Podcast Episode and recrod)

Narration

Add Music

Audacity p. 23GarageBand p. 33

Project: Dramatizing Primary Sources

Pick a Source • “Gold Rush” and follow along the step by step in the book• “Paul Revere” and improvise from the book instructions (handout)

Record Narration• One person read• Create script with multiple readers

Add Sound Effects• Use one from the ‘pack’• Search, download and import a new one on soungle.com • Make

Add Music• Choose and use one from the “pack”• Explore and download from megatrax.com

http://is.gd/sanbmedia All Media Here

Go to it…

• Record original sounds• Import existing audio• Manipulate Tracks• Shift tracks

p. 29 for GarageBandp. 20 for AudacityOr…Learn it via Trial and Error

Megatrax.com

http://memory.loc.gov/

Soungle.com

Resources for Extensions

• http://www.megatrax.com Source of music for projects.

• http://memory.loc.gov Resource for primary sources in American history.

• http://soungle.com Source for sound

effects.• http://audacity.sourceforge.net

• http://is.gd/sanbmedia

Other History Audio Projects

Remixing Primary Sources Page 93http://podcourse.blogspot.com/primary-source.htm

Audio Tour Page 115http://podcourse.blogspot.com/2008/11/audio-tour.html

Youth Radio Page 115www.youthradio.org/environmental/061205_air.shtml

Historical Interview page 115

http://podcourse.blogspot.com/2008/04/historic-interview.html

Remix to Research

Remix: to take cultural artifacts and manipulate them into new kinds of creative blends

Some Examples of Contemporary Remix Practices

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ek9CchVpWE

http://www.archive.org/details/DjDangerMouse-TheGreyAlbum

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UtEH6wZXPA4

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8rVVM7cJR40&list=PLAF5FE856762CBA8C&index=3

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dnhKPw2NXIw

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v

=2T5_0AGdFic

Remix as a Lens

Remix to ResearchDigital

Documentaries

Create a Persuasive Video / Send a Video to your Representative

13 Colonies

Persuasive Video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=idh5-P2fmQM

Was the United States Justified in dropping the atomic bomb on Japan during WWII?

Should the Confederate Flag be banned?

Does the constitution support the right for individuals to keep and carry firearms?

Organizer for Digital Storytelling Projects

Assessment Rubric

13 ColoniesIt is 1740. You become a recruiting agent hired by one of the colonies to attract new immigrants. Your task is to educate and persuade settlers to come to your colony. You will be able to do this by making a TV commercial. Your commercial must reflect the attributes of the assigned colony. You must address the issues of natural resources, economy, religion, relations with Indians, and reasons for settling.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WLH0vh4Ea5o&feature=colike

13 Colonies• New Jersey has been relatively free from Indian wars

• New Jersey, as the other Middle colonists, were a mixture of religions, including Quakers, Catholics, Lutherans, Jewish, and others.

• East Jersey and West Jersey, until they were united as a royal colony in 1702.

• Since 1664 the area was guaranteeing religious freedom

• New Jersey is one of the most successful farming areas on the continent

•  • New Jersey is about 150 miles long and 70 miles wide

• New Jersey grows wheat, barley, oats, rye, and corn. The Middle Colonies were often

• Wheat could be ground to make flour, and both wheat and flour could be sold in other colonies or in Europe

• New Jersey was more ethnically diverse than many other colonies.

• New Jersey has all four seasons, heat in summer, snow in winter, turning leaves in fall, and new growth in spring.

http://is.gd/colonialimages

Digital Storytelling TechnologyHandouts

PC: PhotoStory Mac: GarageBand of iMovie

http://is.gd/colonialimages

Some Legal and Ethical Notes on Getting Existing Media: Fair

Use

Four Factors

•Nature of the use•Amount and character of the material•Amount•Effect on the market

Cost of Copyright Confusionhttp://youtu.be/fAhWMU1TdvE

Derivative or Transformational

Some Technical Notes

• Some Technical Notes on Getting Video

Working with Video: Trailers

http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLD41EDDA0908BB486

Brainstorming Trailer: Dred Scott, the Movie

Dred Scott was a slave who appealed to the Supreme Court in 1856 to be freed. Scott’s case was based on the fact that he had lived in states and territories where slavery was illegal. The court ruled that Scott could not be free. The Supreme Court ruled that all blacks, slaves as well as free could never become citizens of the United State. The case and decision brought the plight of slaves to greater national attention and fueled abolitionists.

Trailer Elements• Compelling Title

• Images, Video, Titles

• First Line Hook

• Narrator Description

Alternating with

• Quotes/Scenes from the Movie (we will use primary sources

Other Elements

• Parts of reviews, cast, director, etc…• The ‘Preview has been Approved’ message • Film Company Logo

4-5 lines about the story. Lines the narrator will say

• He was a man yearning for freedom and his family

• In a world consumed by slavery

• He took his case to the highest court in the land

• But some battles need to be lost, so the war can be won.

http://youtu.be/7QPMvj_xejg

Write 4-5 lines from primary sourcesLines people said or wrote during the time that

the ‘characters’ say.“The Legislation of the Republic is in the hands of this handful of Slaveholders!”

“The conspiracy is nearly completed.”

“The American Congress has no power to prevent the enslavement of men?”

“Compact yourselves together for the struggle which threatens your liberty and will test your manhood!”

" want freedom from myself and my family! “ (hypothetical)

Primary Source from The Evening Journal of Albany, New York, March 9, 1857•http://history.furman.edu/benson/docs/nyajds57309a.htm

BONUS: Add Original Media

Create original images or videos based on one of the lines in the primary source. Act it, pose for it, capture it, record it, and include it. For example, imagine you are a 19 Century abolitionist and record yourself saying “The Legislation of the Republic is in the hands of this handful of Slaveholders.”

EXTRA BONUS: Add movie trailerish lines like…

“Starring Denzel Washington as Dred Scott”

“Directed by Stephen Spielberg “

“One man’s fight for freedom helped change the course of history.”

Make a Trailer for a MovieTopics:

• Dred Scott• Whiskey Rebellion• 1776, 1876 or any particular year.• Amistad Uprising • War of 1812• The Expedition of Lewis and Clark• etc…

• For Dred Scott, look here for some starter mediahttp://is.gd/trailermedia

Shift

•Growing focus over last 40 years from Reading to 21st Century Literacy

Reading:•Internal •Cognitive

Literacy: •Combination of skills•Related to society and economy

New Literacies:•Combination of cognitive, social, technical skills tied to society and globalization

Participatory Culture

Jenkins Video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bhGBfuyN5gg

1,500,000 Hours of Programming

On Major TV networks from 1948-2008

On Major TV networks from 1948-2008

On YouTube from July–December 2008

1,500,000 Hours of Programming

With great power, comes great responsibility

UDL

An Overview ofUniversal Design for

Learning (UDL)

UDL in Plain Language

Think of a teacher who communicates clearly, sparks student interest, and cares about every student in his or her classroom.

Give that teacher the tools and encouragement to do all of these things better and then make this a systematic model for a school.

This is UDL

Why We Need UDL: A Student's Perspective 

View the video at:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iFsRirR17oU

UDL is…A set of research-based guidelines for curriculum development. Guidelines that focus on:

Multiple means of representation—what is learned

Multiple means of expression—how it’s learned

Multiple means of engagement --why it’s learned

--Arne Duncan, US Secretary of Education Letter to Congress Introducing

the National Educational Technology Plan

http://www.ed.gov/technology/netp-2010/letter-secretary

“The model of learning described in this plan calls for engaging and empowering personalized learning experiences for learners of all ages...It calls for using state-of-the-art technology and Universal Design for Learning (UDL) concepts to enable, motivate, and inspire all students to achieve, regardless of background, languages, or disabilities.”

A National Imperative: National Educational Technology Plan

NOTE: The difference between UDL and differentiation

UDL works on curriculum from the ground up.  It's bigger, better, and more ambitious.

Differentiation makes adaptations to the existing curriculum, without demanding the curriculum changes for all students.

More Information: UDLcenter.org

San Bernardino CountyRemixing History

DAY 2

Chris Shamburg

November 2011

Three men were killed and thrown across me.

Remixing the Gettysburg Address

Remixing Primary Sources: The Gettysburg AddressThis project uses remix principles synthesize, compare and

contrast historical perspectives.  It works when you look at primary sources as three types:

Mainstream: popular speeches, laws, documentsPeople: diaries, journals, lettersPopular: songs, advertisements, plays, books

The rewarding part is to take one from at least two of the categories and mix them into one work.

Manley Stacey Letter (Letter from Gettysburg Soldier)Reading of the Gettysburg Address (mp3)

All media for todayIs.gd/sanbmedia

Download Audacityhttp://audacity.sourceforge.net

Remixing History as an Educational Activity

• DIY Media

• Participatory Culture

• Remix

Remix…

to take cultural artifacts and manipulate them into new kinds of creative blends

Steal?

Borrow?

Modify?

Improve?

Inspire?

Transform?

Some Examples of Contemporary Remix Practices

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ek9CchVpWE

http://www.archive.org/details/

DjDangerMouse-TheGreyAlbum

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UtEH6wZXPA4

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8rVVM7cJR40&list=PLAF5FE856762CBA8C&index=3

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dnhKPw2NXIw

http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=2T5_0AGdFic

Food

Remix as a Lens

Daniel Pink and Thomas Friedman on Globalization and Education

Friedman: The assignment can be: “Mash these two together.”

Pink: And these kids get mash-ups

Friedman: Oh, they get mash-ups. They do it naturally. And today, he who mashes best will mash most and be wealthiest.

From School Administrator February 2008

Remix and Mashups

http://maps.google.com/maps/ms?ie=UTF8&hl=en&msa=0&msid=215454646984933465708.00049c59184ae1136341a

Remixing Primary Sources Page 93http://podcourse.blogspot.com/primary-source.htm

Remix the Battle of Gettysburg

• Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address

• Letter from Manley Stacey, Corporal in the Union Army written during the battle of Gettysburg

Remixing History as an Educational Activity

Remixing Primary Sources

Mainstream History (laws, documents, speeches)Personal History (journals, letters, memoirs)Popular Culture (songs, advertisements, TV shows, plays)

Remixing Gettysburg

• Import Sam Waterston’s Gettysburg Address Reading.• Add music.• Record section of Manley Stacey’s Letter.

• Adjust the Volume.

Primary Source: Videolatenightcabdriving (Photographer). (2011). A picture I took yesterday in Tahrir Square, Cairo,

at 11 PM. [Photograph], Retrieved February 18, 2011, from: http://www.reddit.com/r/worldnews/comments/f9a2m/a_picture_i_took_yesterday_in_tahrir_square_cairo/

latenightcabdriving (Photographer). (2011). Untitled [Photograph], Retrieved February 18, 2011, from: http://www.reddit.com/r/worldnews/comments/f9a2m/a_picture_i_took_yesterday_in_tahrir_square_cairo/c1e96ac

TV-Novosti (Producer). (2011, February 1). Sea of People: Over 250,000 in Cairo chant 'Mubarak, Leave!' [Video], Retrieved from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HT8_wrsrNp8

X, Malcolm (Speaker), King Daevid MacKenzie (Producer). (2006). Echoes of a Century: Malcolm X on "The Ballot or The Bullet" [Audio], Retrieved from: http://radio.indymedia.org/en/node/9862

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cz5BiqNKdfM

Amendment ICongress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.

Mix video and images from http://is.gd/firstam

Add Narration of First Amendment

Connecting Past and Present

www.megatrax.comUsername:sbcsshistoryPassword:sbcsshistory

Click ‘sign in’

Some Legal and Ethical Notes on Getting Existing Media: Fair

Use

Four Factors

•Nature of the use•Amount and character of the material•Amount•Effect on the market

Cost of Copyright Confusionhttp://youtu.be/fAhWMU1TdvE

Derivative or Transformational

Some Technical Notes

• Some Technical Notes on Getting Video

Machinima

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0JTFgOIhdzs

http://abclocal.go.com/wpvi/story?section=news/health&id=6560904

Machinima and Presentism: Dialoguing with the Past

The Conversation

President Obama: 0-10

George Washington: 11-22

President Obama: 22-37

George Washington: 37-52

Some Further IdeasRO to RW (Lessig, 2008)

Spectatory Culture to Participatory Culture (Jenkins, 2008)

Inside Guttenberg Parenthesis to Outside Guttenberg Parenthesis (Pettitt, 2007)

New Literacies (Knobel and Lankshear, 2008, 2010)

See the Remix Bibliography

Culture and Social Implications

Jenkins Video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bhGBfuyN5gg

Photoshopping

• http://www.nppa.org/professional_development/business_practices/ethics.html

Presidential Primaries, 2004.John Kerry June 1971.

Jane Fonda1972.

 Adnan Hajj’s image of Israeli bombing of Beirut, 2006, Reuters News Service

Women removed from Israeli Cabinet for Conservative

newspaper Yated Neeman 

TV Guide put Oprah’s head on Ann Margret’s body.

Ralph Lauren Apologized for this extreme touchup in 2009

Iranian Missile Testing, 2008

Research 2007 / Tienamin Square, 1989. A study, published in the

journal Applied Cognitive Psychology,.

The Leader

Britian at War Exhibit, London, 2010

Time Magazine, March 2007, tear added

The Kentucky state Republican Party distributed campaign flyers that depict Steve Beshear, the Democratic nominee for Governor, as high-roller leaning on a casino table.

French Prime Minister in French Magazine Paris Match, August

2007, had some virtual liposuction

Famous portrait of President Lincoln is a composite of Lincoln’s head and the southern Senator John Calhoun’s body

General Ulysses S. Grant in front of his troops at City Point, Virginia. Library of Congress

Researchers discovered it was a composite.

Senator Millard Tydings’ a critic of Joseph McCarthy lost his reelection after this doctored photo of him with the

leader of the American Communist Party was published.

Unfriending

Stalin, 1930

Mao Tse-tung, 1936

Hitler, 1937

Justice Minister Rachida Dati in the French newspaper Le Figaro in

June, 2008

Obama v BP, 2010

Standards for Journalists

End