representative sampling by chuck abbott. automatic samplers

Representative SamplingBy

Chuck Abbott

Automatic Samplers

Industry Sampler NeedsIf sampler required, usually going to be

refrigeratedPermit determines type of sampling needed and

frequencySequential sampling in multiple bottlesComposite samples

Permit determines if any additional monitoring is neededFlow pacing for flow proportional samplespH monitoring and ability to enable sampler to

take sample on high or low pH event

Sequential Sampling Usually done when

monitoring for specific events like slugs.

Used by enforcement to check industry and determine pollutant trending

Multiple bottles are used with the standard being the 24 bottle sampler.

One or more samples collected in individual bottle each hour.

flexible enough to take samples/bottle or multiple bottles/sample

Pro Pak•Alternative to polypro bottles. •Designed to reduce bottle cleaning cost•Disposable•Sequential bags or composite bag

•Directly replaces Polypro Bottles

Pre-treatment Trends

Pre-treatment groups are moving towards Portable Refrigerated Samplers as well as compact units such as the GLS

Pre-Treatment group monitoring needs.Usually portable samplersNormally use composite but have

applications that call for multibottleNeed flexible program capabilities

May need 2 part program Flow proportional sampling Sample enabled/ triggers based on events

Stored Data

Data can be stored in either 2105 or 6712 internal data logger

•Data Collected via Flowlink 5.1

Important features for Industrial pre-treatment useAccurate and repeatable volume deliverMultiple bottle capabilitiesAccurate liquid detection systemAble to take samples based on flow input or

based on time or a combination of imputsAble to store sample, flow and other data that

can be retrieved laterEasy to maintain

Bottle Options

Sample Size and FrequencyMinimum sample volume

collected with an automatic sampler should be no less than 10 ml.

Recommended size is no less than 50 ml because of liquid detector Sample volume

repeatability Volume required by lab Bigger is better theory

Preventative SamplerMaintenancePump tubing replacementSuction line replacementContainer replacementDiagnostic routinesVolume calibration

Pump CounterCounts actual revolutionsDetermines pump time

not related to timenot affected by battery

Specifiable Feature!

6712 Pump TubingBands indicate position

bands won’t slipLabel for pump

shows installation, direction

0.29”0.25”

Tubing Life IndicatorSet for 1,000,000 countsAdjustable

site conditionsMaintenance tool

Industrial MonitoringIntegral monitoring of flow, level, pH,

temperature and SDI-12 parametersDiscreet bottle samplingFlexibility in programming

2 part programmingNon-uniform time/ random time intervalsTime enables

Volume DeliveryLD90 and pump counterMost accurate volumes

prevents biasing in samplesprevents overflows

+/- 5 ml repeatability

Types of SamplesDistribution

Composite Single Bottle

Sequential Multiple Bottles

Samples Per Bottle Bottles Per Sample

PacingTimeFlowEvent

Types of SamplesComposite

Composite samples are small volumes of sample taken over time and placed in a large container.

Composite samples can be taken in two ways, fixed volume or flow proportional

Composite

1

2

3

4

5

Sequential Sampling Usually done when monitoring

for specific events like slugs. Used by enforcement to check

industry and determine pollutant trending

Multiple bottles are used with the standard being the 24 bottle sampler.

One or more samples collected in individual bottle each hour.

flexible enough to take samples/bottle or multiple bottles/sample

Sequential Sampling

1 2 3 4 5 6

Two Part Programming

1 2 3 4 5 6

2

1

4

3

6

5

8

7

Part A Part B

1 2 3 4 5 6 10987 11-24

Sampler PacingTime

Uniform Time- Fixed Volume Uniform Time- Volume Dependent Uniform- Flow Dependent Volume Non Uniform Time Random Time

Flow Flow Paced – Time Override

Trigger and Event Pacing

Challenging sampling application accessoriesDifficult to reach locationsSampling from Pressurized linesSampling from Flumes and WeirsSampling in low flow conditionsBatch Dischargers and how to get a

representative sample.

Best Sampler LocationAccessibility

Close to source Conserve power Maintain line velocity Reduce wear Protect suction line Minimize lift

Max lift- 8.5m/28ft Auxiliary pump

Safety of PersonnelSecurity Availability of Power SourceGood mixing for representative

samples

How to get best representative sampleUse proper strainer

size and typeKeep intake tube short

and as vertical as you can

Keep sampler close to sampling point

Change Pump Tubing when needed.

Change intake tubing often and keep clean

Strainer Placement -Flumes

Strainer Placement - WeirsStrainer location here is not going to enable a representative sample to be taken.

Isco Flow Thru ChamberFlow-thru chambers are available for use in low pressure (under 30 PSI) closed pipe applications.

Suction Line RequirementsSimilar to strainerfollow most stringent requirementif glass needed, use Teflon suction lineclean and/or replace as needed

Pressurized Line SamplingTeledyne Isco now offers pressurized sampling systems to allow sample collect from pressure lines less than 300 psi.

Spa Products

Specially developed products to help meet you sampling needs:

•Black Vinyl Suction line

•Ultra Low flow strainer

•Customer support hangers such as the Pro Hanger•Remote pump option

Low Flowing PipesLow Flow Strainer

1/4” to 3/8”¼” suction line

Batch discharging and representative samplingWhen taking a sample

from any source it must be representative of the source.

Sampling a batch discharger best done with flow proportional sampling method

Liquid level indicator or trigger based on level or rate of change

Batch discharge example with flow paced sampling when triggered by level increase

AlarmingBoth discreet and digital alarms available

•SPA 697 for contact closure•SPA 1489 CDMA Modem

•SMS Alarms

Remote Communication

Remote Communication through 2105 C Module as well as SPA 1489 CDMA Modem

Any Questions?