research methodology

Research Methodology Research Methodology RESEARCHRESEARCH: Research in common parlance refers to search of : Research in common parlance refers to search of Knowledge.Knowledge.

Research is an art of scientific Investigation.Research is an art of scientific Investigation. (Re + Search).(Re + Search).

““A careful Investigation or inquiry specially through search for A careful Investigation or inquiry specially through search for new facts in any branch of Knowledge.”new facts in any branch of Knowledge.”

The Advanced Learner Dictionary of Current The Advanced Learner Dictionary of Current English.English.

““Systematized effort to gain new Knowledge”. Systematized effort to gain new Knowledge”. Redman and Mory Redman and Mory

““Research is an investigation, recording and analysis of evidence Research is an investigation, recording and analysis of evidence for gaining Knowledge”.for gaining Knowledge”. Robert Robert RossRoss

Research is thus, an original contribution to the existing stock of Research is thus, an original contribution to the existing stock of Knowledge, for making its advancement.Knowledge, for making its advancement.

OBJECTIVES:-OBJECTIVES:-

To portray accurately the To portray accurately the characteristics of a particular characteristics of a particular Individual, Situation or Group.Individual, Situation or Group.

To determine the frequency of To determine the frequency of occurrence of Situations.occurrence of Situations.

To gain familiarity with a phenomenon To gain familiarity with a phenomenon or to achieve new insights into it.or to achieve new insights into it.

To test Hypothesis.To test Hypothesis.

TYPE OF RESEARCH:TYPE OF RESEARCH:

Descriptive Research.Descriptive Research. Analytical Research.Analytical Research. Applied Research.Applied Research. Fundamental Research.Fundamental Research. Exploratory Research.Exploratory Research. Experimental Research.Experimental Research. Conceptual Research.Conceptual Research. Empirical Research.Empirical Research. Comparative Research.Comparative Research. Laboratory or Library Research.Laboratory or Library Research. Individual or Group Research.Individual or Group Research.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN:DIFFERENCE BETWEEN:

RESEARCH METHOD RESEARCH METHOD – Research method are the methods – Research method are the methods or techniques used by researcher in conducting a research or techniques used by researcher in conducting a research operation.operation.

E.g.: - Questionnaire, Interviews, Experiments, Scheduling E.g.: - Questionnaire, Interviews, Experiments, Scheduling etc.etc. RESEARCH METHODOLOGYRESEARCH METHODOLOGY – Research methodology is a – Research methodology is a scientific and systematic way to solve a research problem.scientific and systematic way to solve a research problem.

E.g.: - Why a research study has been undertaken, How a E.g.: - Why a research study has been undertaken, How a research problem has been defined, In what way and why research problem has been defined, In what way and why hypothesis has been formulated, What data has been hypothesis has been formulated, What data has been collected and what method has been adopted for collecting collected and what method has been adopted for collecting data, Why particular techniques of Analysis has been used data, Why particular techniques of Analysis has been used and similar questions.and similar questions.The Scope of Research Methodology is much wider than The Scope of Research Methodology is much wider than Research Method.Research Method.Thus, in Research Methodology we consider the logic Thus, in Research Methodology we consider the logic behind the methods we use in the context of our research behind the methods we use in the context of our research study.study.

STEPS IN RESEARCHSTEPS IN RESEARCH

1.1. Selection and Identification of the Research Selection and Identification of the Research Problem.Problem.

2.2. Review of Related Literature.Review of Related Literature.3.3. Formulation of Hypothesis.Formulation of Hypothesis.4.4. Preparation of the Research Design.Preparation of the Research Design.5.5. Sampling.Sampling.6.6. Data Collection.Data Collection.7.7. Execution of the project.Execution of the project.8.8. Analysis of Data.Analysis of Data.9.9. Testing of Hypothesis.Testing of Hypothesis.10.10. Generalization and Interpretations.Generalization and Interpretations.11.11. Preparation of Report.Preparation of Report.12.12. Presentation of Report.Presentation of Report.13.13. Follow Up.Follow Up.

RESEARCH APPROACHRESEARCH APPROACH::

Research Approach is of two types: -Research Approach is of two types: -

1.Qualitative Approach – Deals with qualitative 1.Qualitative Approach – Deals with qualitative phenomenon related to quality or kind.phenomenon related to quality or kind.

It is based on subjective assessment of It is based on subjective assessment of Behaviour, Attitude, Opinion, Impressions Behaviour, Attitude, Opinion, Impressions etc.etc.

2.Quantitative Approach – It is based on 2.Quantitative Approach – It is based on measurement of quantity or amount. It is measurement of quantity or amount. It is applicable to phenomena expressed in terms applicable to phenomena expressed in terms of quality.of quality.