review for final exam. structure of essay your thoughts?
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Review for final exam
Structure of essayYour thoughts?
Structure of essay: My thoughtsLots to cover: 2 issue areas, 3 theories, 6 tenets
Cover as many tenets as you can cover well, at least
Ensure youCover major pointsCompare across theories and across issue areasShow clear knowledge of theories and application
Keep intro and conclusion shortUse headings
My suggested structureIntroFocus
Describe facts about Focus: conflict is common in issue 1 but cooperation among people in different countries more common in issue 2; in both issues there is some cooperation among countries
Facts of Issue 1 fit best with focus of Realists while facts of Issue 2 fit better with focus of Feminist/Disenfranchised view; similarities in interstate cooperation fit better with institutionalism
Repeat for A-G-M-O-DCompare issues: overall, Institutionalism explains more of
Issue 1 but Realism plus Feminist theories explains more of Issue 2
Conclusion
Realism Institutionalism
Feminist Theory
Focus – what is being explained?
Actors – who are considered the main actors to watch?
Goals – what are the goals of the main actors?
Means – what means do actors use to achieve their goals?
Organizing Principles – how is the international system organized?
Dynamics – what does the process of international relations look like?
Realism Institutionalism
Feminist Theory
Focus – what is being explained?
Conflict
Actors – who are considered the main actors to watch?
States are primary and act as unitary rational actors
Goals – what are the goals of the main actors?
Survival, security, and hence, power
Means – what means do actors use to achieve their goals?
Military force is usable, effective, and fungible
Organizing Principles – how is the international system organized?
Anarchy and self-help
Dynamics – what does the process of international relations look like?
Acquisition and balancing of power
Realism Institutionalism
Feminist Theory
Focus – what is being explained?
Conflict Cooperation
Actors – who are considered the main actors to watch?
States are primary and act as unitary rational actors
Multiple actors (states, MNCs, NGOs); not always unitary or rational
Goals – what are the goals of the main actors?
Survival, security, and hence, power
Econ & social goals as well as security
Means – what means do actors use to achieve their goals?
Military force is usable, effective, and fungible
Asymmetry in interdependence; issue-specific power
Organizing Principles – how is the international system organized?
Anarchy and self-help
Anarchy mitigated by norms, rules, & institutions
Dynamics – what does the process of international relations look like?
Acquisition and balancing of power
Alternation of cooperation & conflict
Realism Institutionalism
Feminist Theory
Focus – what is being explained?
Conflict Cooperation Conflict between genders, rather than between states
Actors – who are considered the main actors to watch?
States are primary and act as unitary rational actors
Multiple actors (states, MNCs, NGOs); not always unitary or rational
Individuals gendered as masculine and feminine
Goals – what are the goals of the main actors?
Survival, security, and hence, power
Econ & social goals as well as security
Individual security and well-being
Means – what means do actors use to achieve their goals?
Military force is usable, effective, and fungible
Asymmetry in interdependence; issue-specific power
use of gender identities, even by the state, in service of the state
Organizing Principles – how is the international system organized?
Anarchy and self-help
Anarchy mitigated by norms, rules, & institutions
Patriarchy, gendered hierarchical structure
Dynamics – what does the process of international relations look like?
Acquisition and balancing of power
Alternation of cooperation & conflict
Reconstruction & maintenance of gendered hierarchies
Applications to different issue areasSecurityIPEHuman rightsEnvironment
Concepts SecurityConflict, cooperation, harmonyPowerRole of statesGoals of statesMeans states useRoles of institutions
The future of IRFocusActorsGoalsMeansOrganizing PrincipleDynamics
Individuals can make a differenceStructure vs. agency as deep theme of course
How to act in small ways that make big changes to structure over time
1,000s of small decisions each year – bias your decisions toward your goals
Individuals can make a differenceJody Williams and Campaign to Ban LandminesRazia Jan: Afghan-born, lives in Massachusetts,
provides free education to Afghan girlsSkateistan (min 1-8)
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