safety first © andria o’ donovan bsc (physio), dip shww (physio), m.i.s.c.p. miosh 1 safer moving...
Post on 19-Dec-2015
252 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH1
SAFER
MOVING & HANDLING TRAINING
DAY
WELCOME
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH2
WHAT IS MANUAL HANDLING ?Manual Handling is the transporting or supporting of a
load by one or more people and includes
And which by means of its characteristics or of unfavourable ergonomic conditions, involves risk,
particularly of back injury
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH3
COURSE CONTENT
Legislation
Structure of the Spine
Injury to the Spine
Fitness
Ergonomics
Principles of Safer Moving & Handling
Practical – Inanimate & Animate Loads
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH4
WHY ATTEND THIS TRAINING DAY ?
To prevent back injury & its consequences
Pain & decreased mobility
Affects hobbies, family & social life
Financial consequences if unable to work
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH5
STATISTICS80-90% of population will suffer with back pain
1/3 of all injuries reported to HSA are caused by manual handling
12.3 million working days lost each year in U.K. due to musculoskeletal injuries
Many injuries build up over a period of time rather than as the result of one incident
Early return to work key to recovery
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH6
LEGISLATION
Safety Health & Welfare Work Act (2005)
Safety Health & Welfare at Work (General Application) Regulations 2007
Manual Handling of loads (Part 2 Chapter 4 Reg.68-69)
Protection of Pregnant, Post Natal & Breast feeding Employees (Part 6 Chapter 2 Reg. 147-152)
Human Rights Act (2003)
Disability Rights Act (2005)
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH7
DUTIES OF THE EMPLOYER(S.H.W.W. Act 2005) Section 8
Manage Health & SafetyProvide safe place & systems of workPrepare a safety statement (brought to the attention of the employee at induction & the relevant part to be onsite if task is high risk)
Provide training & information (In a form, manner & language likely to be understood)
Allow for the election of a safety representative
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH8
DUTIES OF EMPLOYEE (S.H.W.W. ACT 2005) Section 13
Take care of own health & safety & that of others
Co-operate with employer
Attend training & undergo assessment
Use P.P.E. provided
Report safety defects (Systems/equipment)
Not be under the influence of an intoxicant that may endanger them or others
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH9
2007 MANUAL HANDLING REGULATIONS The employer must ……….
Avoid hazardous manual handling (Pt. does it, profiling bed)
Assess tasks that cannot be avoided (T.I.L.E.) Schedule 3Take account of sensitive risk groups (Pregnant & breast feeding women, children & young workers, night & shift workers)
Reduce the risk (Equipment, extra staff, change work practices)
Provide information (Weight & C.O.G. of load)
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH10
SCHEDULE 3CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LOAD
Too heavy/largeUn weildy/difficult to grasp
Unstable/contents likely to shiftStooping/twisting
Contours/consistency esp. in collision
PHYSICAL EFFORT REQUIREDToo strenuous
Twisting movement of trunkSudden movement of the load
Made with body in unstable posture
WORKING ENVIRONMENTNot enough Room (vertically)
Unable to handle loads at safe heightFloor uneven/variations in levels
Floor or footrest unstableTemperature, Humidity, Ventilation
REQUIREMENTS OF THE ACTIVITYOver frequent/prolonged Physical
effort of the spineInsufficient rest/recovery of the bodyExcessive lifting, lowering, carrying
Distances
INDIVIDUAL RISK FACTORSEmployee
Physically unsuited to carry out taskWearing unsuitable clothing, footwearDoes not have adequate/appropriate
Knowledge or training
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH11
In Practice This Means That….
Full body lifts must be avoided in almost all situations unless
Event unforeseeable Accident like RTA Human rights
X
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH12
CONDEMNED LIFTS
X
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH13
PROTECTION OF PREGNANT,POST NATAL & BREAST FEEDING EMPLOYEES 2007
Applies to women WHO
……….
Are Pregnant
Have recently given birth (14 weeks)
Are breastfeeding (26 weeks)
The employer MUST……
Carry out a risk assessment (Schedule 8) &
If necessary ↓ risk by……Changing work conditions / working hoursAlternative work H & S leave
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH14
SUMMARY
Safety Health & Welfare Work Act (2005)
Safety Health & Welfare at Work (General Application) Regulations 2007
Manual Handling of loads (Part 2 Chapter 4 Reg.68-69)
Protection of Pregnant, Post Natal & Breast feeding Employees (Part 6 Chapter 2 Reg. 147-152)
Human Rights Act (2003)
Disability Rights Act (2005)
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH15
STRUCTURE OF
THE SPINE
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH16
OBJECTIVES
Skeletal system (Bones & joints of spinal column)
Discs
Soft tissue (muscles & ligaments)
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH17
SKELETAL SYSTEM
Central Region:- ( Skull, ribs, spine, pelvis )
Provides support & protection
Outer region:- ( Arms & legs)
Allows movement
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH18
SPINAL COLUMN33 irregular shaped bones (vertebrae)
S-shaped
Lumber region most often
injured when handling loads
Sacro-iliac joint (Pregnancy)
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH19
POSTURE
Keep spine in natural s-shape position
So that trunk is in alignment
With minimal pressure on joints & soft tissue
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH20
POSTURES TO BE AVOIDED
X X
X
STOOPING
HOLDING LOADS AWAY FROM THE BODY
TWISTING
OVER-REACHING
X
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH21
LUMBAR SPINE
5 Vertebrae
Joined by discs & facet joints
Considerable movement
Takes most of the force acting on the spine
FACET JOINT
DISC
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH22
Normal Disc
DISC STRUCTURE
Spongy centre
Tough outer layer
80% water
No blood supply
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH23
DISC FUNCTION
Absorbs shock
Gives flexibility to the spine
Allows space for nerves to emerge
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH24
EFFECT OF MOVEMENT ON THE DISC
Pressure increased towards the back when bending forwards & to the front when bending backwards
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH25
AVOID STOOPING
X
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH26
FACET JOINTS
A joint is where 2 bones meet
A ‘facet joint’ is formed when the vertebrae interlock with the one above & below
Take approx. 20% of the force on the spine
These joints are prone to wear & tear (Arthritis)
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH27
SOFT TISSUE: LIGAMENTS
Taut bands of fibrous tissue
Flexible but not elastic (Avoid over-stretching)
Poor blood supply (Heal very slowly)
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH28
Muscle Structure
Muscles composed of bundles of fibres
Ability to shorten & lengthen produces movement
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH29
SOFT TISSUE: MUSCLE
X
MUSCLES WORK
DYNAMICLY & STATICALLY
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH30
SUMMARY
Skeletal system (Bones & joints of spinal column)
Discs
Soft tissue (muscles & ligaments)
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH31
HOW THE SPINE IS
INJURED
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH32
OBJECTIVES
Injury to:
Soft tissue
Disc
Bone
Facet Joint
Disc►
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH33
DISC DEGENERATION
Natural Ageing Process
Begins @ age 30
Disc Looses its Water Content
Accelerated by poor posture & lifting techniques
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH34
EFFECTS OF DISC DEGENERATION
SLACK LIGAMENTS SLIPPED DISC & ARTHRITIS
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH35
SOFT TISSUE INJURIES
Overstretched Muscles are torn when cold Ligaments are torn because they are not
elastic & slack if disc degenerated
Overloaded Muscles are torn if load is too heavy AND IF
Muscles do not have enough time to
recover (repetitive work)
X
X
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH36
Bulging Disc
Prolapsed Disc
SLIPPED DISC (Prolapsed Disc)
Usually result of CUMMULATIVE damage
Initially unaware of damage as no nerves in inner part of disc
Wall of disc may fail & jelly may bulge against a nerve
Stooping/twisting must be avoided
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH37
STOOPING Vs STRAIGHT LIFT
X
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH38
AVOID STOOPING & TWISTING
X X
STOOPING TWISTING
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH39
WHAT IS TO BE LEARNT?As we do not always initially feel pain when we cause damage to our spine we may think
all is o.k.But
Be warned!!!Be warned!!!
Injuries can build up over time. Bad postures and bad handling techniques may cause problems later on in life.
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH40
BONE INJURYArthritis (Wear & tear)
Incorrect movements done repetitively
Sacro-iliac joint (Ligaments slacken)
(Pregnant women be careful as ligaments slacken)
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH41
SUMMARY
Injury to:
Soft tissue
Disc
Bone
Facet Joint
Disc►
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH42
FITNESS FOR WORK
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH43
OBJECTIVES
What is fitness Muscles relevant to manual handling Safety when exercising Benefits of fitness Stretch break & How to use large leg
muscles when moving & handling (weight transference/ankle, knee & hip movements)
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH44
WHAT IS FITNESS
“Ability to do ones daily work with enough energy left over”
Strength
Aerobic (Heart & lungs)
Flexibility
Endurance
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH45
RELEVANT MUSCLE GROUPS
FLEXIBILITYCalves
Hamstrings
STRENGTH:Quadriceps (Thighs)
Abdominals (Stomach)
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH46
ELEMENTS OF SAFE STRETCH
Warm up/cool down
Avoid sudden jerky movements
Stretch to point of slight discomfort
Hold stretch for 30 seconds x 3 times
Stretch for minimum of 6 weeks to restore flexibility
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH47
BENIFITS OF FITNESSMore stamina and energy
Decreased risk of injury
Improved mental alertness
Improved sense of well-being
May live longer!!! If not, you’ll definitely….
‘Get more out of life !!!!!’.
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH48
SUMMARY
What is fitness Muscles relevant to manual handling Safety when exercising Benefits of fitness Stretch break & How to use large leg
muscles when moving & handling (weight transference/ankle, knee & hip movements)
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH49
ERGONOMICSAT
WORK
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH50
OBJECTIVES
Definition of Ergonomics
Manual Handling Assessment
Benefit of Ergonomics
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH51
Definition
Ergonomics aims to “fit the job, environment and equipment to the person” instead of making the person fit the above (e.g. car, sports equipment, kitchen design.
This will ensure that work is done in a way that minimises physical and mental effort while maximising efficiency.
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH52
POSTURES TO BE AVOIDED
X X
X
STOOPING
HOLDING LOADS AWAY FROM THE BODY
TWISTING
OVER-REACHING
X
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH53
YOU MUST ASSESS YOUR JOB TO SEE IF YOU ARE CAPABLE OF DOING IT SAFELY
T task
I individual
L load
E environment
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH54
CASE STUDY
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH55
T.I.L.E.TASK
Loads away from the bodyTwisting/stoopingReaching upwards
Long carrying distancesStrenuous effort
Large vertical movements
INDIVIDUALRequire unusual capabilities
Hazard to those with health problemsHazard to those who are pregnant
Require special information/trainingRequire PPE
LOADHeavy
Bulky/unweildyDifficult to grasp
Unsteady/unpredictableHarmful –
Co-operativeAttachmentsWalking aids
ENVIRONMENTPoor floors
Variations in levelsConstraints on postures
Lighting conditionsStrong air movements
Hot, cold humid conditions
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH56
SOLUTIONS
SHORT TERM SOLUTIONS
Training for staffUse wheelchair to bring Mr Scot to the
toilet & walk backWalking FrameRaised toilet seatGrab rails in bathroom
LONG TERM SOLUTIONS
Relocate Mr Scot to room with ensuite
Move Mr Scot into high low bed
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH57
If you assess your job, you will be…
Better able to recognise potentially harmful tasks
Safer – decreased risk of injury
More comfortable – more energy, less stress
More efficient & productive
BENEFITS OF ERGONOMICS
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH58
SUMMARY
Definition of Ergonomics
Manual Handling Assessment
Benefit of Ergonomics
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH59
PRINCPLES OF SAFER MOVING & HANDLING
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH60
OBJECTIVES
The thought process involved before loads are moved
Principles of moving and handling
Team handling
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH61
BEFORE ANY HANDLING TASK
“Think before you begin”
Must you do the task at all? Can the patient do it themselves/is there a profiling bed available ?
If you must do the task, Assess – T.I.L.E
Can the task be made more manageable by: Encouraging the patient to help Getting help from other staff member Using equipment
AVOID
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH62
SAFER HANDLING PRINCIPLES(Set of tools)
Assess (TILE) Know your own capabilitiesBroad BaseBend Knees/ use weight transferenceGood Back Posture (Neutral position &
avoid combined bending & twisting)
Good Grip (Palmer/elbows tucked in)Get Close To The LoadMove smoothly & keep head up when lifting & handlingMove with feet (don’t twist)
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH63
SPINAL BIOMECHANICS
X X
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH64
TEAM HANDLING
Be aware of limitations of team handlingWork with people of similar heightAppoint a leaderPlan the manoeuvreAgree a command, to ensure a smooth co-ordinated movement
‘Ready Steady Action Word’ (Action word can be Slide, Sit, Stand etc)
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH65
SUMMARY
The thought process involved before loads are moved
Principles of moving and handling
Team handling
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH66
Assess – What are the patients needs?Does the hoist meet those needs?Is the hoist appropriate for the environment?Check the patients weight Vs capacity of hoistFollow manufacturer’s instructions.Has visual inspection been carried out?Remember pushing & pulling techniques
Have as many carers as situation requiresBe confident in use of the hoistEnsure hoist is serviced 6 monthlyRemove and Report if faultyRemember brakes off except when parked & hoisting from the floorCheck emergency lowering button
CHECKLIST FOR USING HOISTS
Safety First © Andria O’ Donovan Bsc (Physio), Dip SHWW (Physio), M.I.S.C.P. MIOSH67
USE OF SLINGS
Assess and establish patients needs
Be familiar with slings available
(amputee, toileting)
Select correct sling for task
Use correct size of sling
Check sling for signs of wear/tears
top related