save electricity, save money handbook
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A joint project of Live & Learn Environmental Education, SOPAC and the Government of the Republic of Nauru. Funding provided by the European Commission
A guide to saving electricity at home, school and at work
Save electricity Save money
This guidebook was prepared by Live & Learn Environmental Education
as part of the Nauru Energy Conservation Project
October 2008
Live & Learn Environmental Education: Fres Wota Four
(opposite Fres Wota School), Port Vila, Vanuatu
M: (+678) 27448 E: vanuatu@livelearn.org www.livelearn.orgg
Written by: Diana Hinge and Sophie Scott, Vanuatu
Design and layout by: Karen Young
Illustrations by: Karen Young
Photography by: Kaori Yoshinaga
© Copyright: Live & Learn Environmental Education 2008
Permission is granted to duplicate materials for non-commercial, non-profit educational purposes
only provided acknowledgment is given. All other rights reserved.
Introduction 2
Section 1: 3
Energy–whatisit? 3
Activity1: Renewableandnon-renewableenergy 5
Activity2: Wheredoweuseenergy? 6
Section 2: 7
WhatcanIdotosaveenergy? 7
Activity3: Howtocheckthesealonyourrefrigerator 10
Activity4: Startsavingenergynow 11
Activity5: Myenergysavingactionplan 12
Activity6: Myenergysavingposter 13
Activity7: Lookatyourelectricitybill 14
Activity8: Energysavingquiz 15
Wheretofindmoreinformation 16
Contents
Introduction
Thishandbookisdesignedforteachers,educators,nongovernmentorganisationsandGovernmentbodiesinNauru.Itoutlinestheissueofenergyconservationandprovidespracticalactivitiestoassistpeoplereduceenergyuseathome,workandatschool.Electricitybillsareincreasingforhouseholds,schoolsandbusinessesinNaurusosavingenergyisasmartwaytosavemoney.
ThishandbookispartofanenergyconservationprogramsupportedbytheEuropeanCommissionandisajointprojectofLiveandLearnEnvironmentalEducationandSOPAC.
LiveandLearnEnvironmentalEducationisanongovernmentorganisationwithaimstopromotegreaterunderstandingofenvironmentalandhumansustainabilitythrougheducationandcommunication.Whilstmaintaininganon-politicalagendaweworkwithaidorganisations,governmentsandnon-governmentorganisationsfromallovertheworldsharingknowledgeforasustainableplanetandlinkingknowledgetochange.Wehaveofficesin8countriesacrosstheAsiaPacificregionandhave16yearsexperienceinenvironmentaleducationprograms.
How to use the handbookThehandbookisdividedinto2sections.Section 1 covers“Whatisenergy?”andSection 2outlines“Whatwecandotosaveenergy”.Throughoutthehandbookthereare8practicalactivities.
2
What is energy?Energycanbedefinedastheabilityorthecapacitytodowork.Youcan’tseeenergybutwealluseittomakethingswork–likelights,airconditionersetc…Energyisveryimportantintoday’sworld.Weuseenergytogeneratetheelectricityweneedforourschools,homes,offices,factories,supermarketsandbusinesses.Electricityalso“powers”ourairconditioners,TVs,computers,cellphones,washingmachines.Itwarmsandcoolsourhomes,cooksourfood,playsourmusic,andgivesusotherentertainmentsuchasmovies,televisionandcomputergames.
Where does energy come from?Therearetwoformsofenergy:renewable energyandnon-renewableenergy.
Non-renewableenergysourcesaresourcesofenergythatcannotbemadeagaininashorttime.Theytakemillionsofyearstobeformed.Mostofourenergycomesfromnon-renewablesourceswhichincludefossilfuelslikeoil(petroleum),naturalgas,coalandothersourcesofenergylikeuranium(nuclearenergy).Fossilfuelsareformedfromtheburiedremainsofplantsandanimalsthatlivedmanyyearsago.
Renewableenergysourcescanberenewedinashortperiodoftime.Renewableenergysourcescanneverbeexhausted.Wecangetrenewableenergyfromwater(hydropower),fromthesun(solarenergy),fromthewind(windenergy),fromhotwaterspringsandmagma(geothermal)andevenfromanimalmanureandcrops(biomass).
Why save energy?Therearemanyreasonswhyweshouldsaveenergy,thetwomostrelevantonesforNaurubeingsavingmoneyandprotectingtheenvironment.
OilpriceshaverisenverydrasticallyinthatlasttenyearsandforPacificislandcountries,thishasaverybigimpactontheeconomyandpeoplesdailylives.Theincreaseinoilpricesmeansthatelectricityisbecomingmoreexpensive.Savingenergyinhomes,schools,officesandotherpublicbuildingswillhelptosavealotofmoneythatcouldbebetterusedelsewhere.
Savingmoneyisn’ttheonlyreasonwhyit’sgoodtosaveenergy.Italsomeansthatlesspollutionwillgoupintoourair.Thisisbecausewhenweburndieselattheelectricityplanttomakeelectricityforourhome,workandschool,
Section 1 Energy - what is it?
This section covers:
What is energy1.
Where does energy come from?2.
Why save Energy?3.
Where does Nauru’s energy come from?4.
3
itcreatespollutinggases(greenhousegases).Aroundtheworld,aspeopleusemoreandmoreelectricity,moreandmoregasesareputupintotheair.Asmoregasesareintheair,thismakestheblanketofgasesthatsurroundourearththickerandthicker,whichresultsinglobalwarmingandclimatechange.
ItisexpectedthattheEarth’ssurfacetemperaturewillrisebetween1.1and2.9ºCbytheendofthe21stcentury.Thismeansthattheicecapswillstarttomeltandsealevelswillrise.ItispredictedthatalongthecoastlinesofPacificislandcountries,suchasNauru,theaveragesealevelrisewillbebetween25–58cmbymid21st
century.ThisisanissueforlowlyingPacificIslandatollsasanincreasesealevelwillmeanthattheresidentswillhavetomoveinland,soilsalinitywillincreaseandthecropsthatpeopledependonwillnolongerbeabletogrow,relocationtootherislandsandthemanysocialproblemsthatmayarise.
Where does Nauru’s energy come from?Nauruisanislandnationthatreliesheavilyonimportedfuel,suchasdiesel.AllthefuelthatthecountryusescomesprimarilyfromAustralia.
SPACE
ATMOSPHERE
Global warming; occurs when heat is re –radiated back into earth from the thickened atmosphere.
Most sunlight is absorbed by the surface and warms it
HEAT
The surface radiates heat
SUN
SURFACE
4
Activity 1: Renewable and non-renewable energy
Objective:Todistinguishbetweenrenewableandnonrenewableenergysourcesandfindoutwheretheirenergycomesfrom.
Time: 20-30minutes
Materials: Butcherspaper,markers
What to do:1.Dividetheparticipantsintogroupsoffour.
2.Givetheparticipantsasheetofbutcherspaperandaskthemtodrawtwodifferenttablesonthepaper.Eachtableshouldhavetwocolumns.
3.Asktheparticipantstowrite“Renewable Energy”inthefirstcolumnofthefirsttable,“where it comes from”inthesecondcolumn.Thenaskthemtowrite“Non – Renewable Energy”inthefirstcolumnofthesecondtableand“Where it comes from”inthesecondcolumnofthesecondtable.
4.Undereachheadingasktheparticipantstolistdownthedifferentsourcesofenergythatfitundereachcategoryaswellaswheretheenergycomesfrom!
For example:
Renewable Energy Where it comes from
Solar Energy Sun
Non – Renewable Energy Where it comes from
Oil Fossil fuels in underground wells
5. Asktheparticipantstopresenttheirworkintheirdifferentgroupsandthentieuptheactivitybyre-emphasisingthedifferencebetweenrenewableandnonrenewableenergy.
5
Activity 2: Where do we use energy?
Objective:Toidentifywhereenergyisusedathome,schoolandwork.
Time:15-20minutes
Materials:butcherspaper,markers
What to do:1.Givetheparticipantsasheetofbutcherspaperandaskthemtodrawonetablewithtwocolumnsas
shownbelow.Askthemtolistallofthewaysinwhichtheyuseenergy–electricityandgasathome,workandschool.
Where I use energy at home Where I use energy at school/work
E.g. Lights
Figure 1: Average household electricity use in the Pacific
Lighting8%
Refrigerator17%
Kitchen appliances26%
TV/Stereo and other appliances9%
Washing machine12%
Air conditionner28%
(SOPAC, 2008)
6
Section 2 What can I do to save energy?
This section outlines some top tips and activities to save electricity at home, school and work.
1. LightsLightingmakesupasubstantialportionofanyelectricitybill.Weallneedtouselightstoseeatnighttimeandwhenthere’slittlenaturalsunlight,butwecanbesmartabouthowweusethem.Sometimeswelightupthewholeroom,butweonlyneedasmalllightforreading.
Herearesometipstohelpyousaveenergy:
Switchoffalllightswhennotinuse,especially•duringthedaytime
Useenergysavinglightbulbs.Usingnew•energysavinglightbulbscancuttherunningcostsoflightingby75%.
Makethemostofnaturallighte.g.situatework•desksnearnaturallight.
Paintroomsinlightcolours,asthishelps•reflectionofavailablelight
Top tip Makeup“Switchoff”stickersandputthemaroundyourschoolorworkplacenexttothelightswitchestoremindyouandyourfriendstoswitchofflightswhenyouleavetheroom.
s Energy saving light bulb
7
2. CoolingMostindoorplacesinNauruareairconditioned24hoursaday.It’snicetobecool,butairconditionersuselotsofenergyandcontributealottoourelectricitybills.
Herearesomewaystosavemoneyonairconditioning:
Usefansinsteadofairconditioning9
Makesureyou’reonlycoolingroomswhichyou’rein,nottheentirehouse.9
Changetheairconditionerthermostat.Anidealtemperatureforusis25°Cto27°C.Bymaking9sureyou’renotovercoolingyourplace,youwillbesavingenergyandmoney.
Plantingtreesaroundyourhomeandschoolwillhelpshadeandcoolbuildings,soyouwon’t9needtheairconditioneronsomuch.
3. CookingInNauru,somepeopleuseelectricitytocookandothersusegas.
Herearesometoptipstosaveenergywhencooking:
Usinggastocookisagoodwaytoreduceyour9electricitybillandgasismoreefficienttocookwith.
Limittimesovendoorisopened,asthiscancauseup9to15%lossofhotaireachtimethedoorisopened.
Usethecorrectsizesaucepantofitthestoveplate.9
8
4. Electrical appliancesAswebuymoreandmoreTVs,DVDplayersandotherelectricalgoods,ourelectricitybillswillstarttoincrease.Therearemanyeasywaystosaveenergyandmoney:
Useelectricalappliancesonlywhenitisverynecessary9
Switchappliancesoffatthepowerpointwhenyou’renotusingthem.9
ReduceTVviewinghoursathome,encouragechildrentoplayoutsideinstead.9
5. RefrigeratorRefrigeratorsareagreatwaytokeepfoodforlongerandperfectforicecolddrinks,buttheydousealotofelectricity,addingtobillcosts.Herearesometoptipstosaveenergy:
Locaterefrigeratorsandfreezersincoolspots,9outofthesun.
Ensurethedoorsealsarecleanandthedoor9sealsproperly.
Tosaveenergy,setthefridgeat4ºC-5ºCand9thefreezerat-15ºCto-18ºC
9
Activity 3How to check the seal on your refrigerator
Objective:Toteachtheparticipantsasimplewayofcheckingthesealonarefrigerator.
Time:5-10minutes
Materials: pieceofpaper
What to do:Placeapieceofpaperinbetweenthefridgedoor,ifitslipsouteasily,yourfridgemaybeleaking1.energyandcostingyoumoney.
Cleanthesealandmakesureit’ssecure2.
Ifyouneedtoreplacetheseal,youcangobacktowhereyouboughtyourfridgeandaskfora3.replacementseal.
10
Activity 4: Start saving energy now (Drawing activity)
Objective:Toidentifytheplacesintheparticipants’homeswhereenergyisusedandtodecidetheplacesintheirhomeswhereenergycanbesavedandhowtheywilldothis.
Time: 20-30minutes
Materials:piecesofpaper,pencils,pens
What to do:Asktheparticipantstodrawapictureoftheirhouseasiftheywerelookingfromabovelikeabird.1.
Askthentomarkwithacrosstheplaceswheretheirhouseholdusesenergy.2.
Thenaskthemtocircletheplaceswheretheycansaveenergy.3.
Besidesthedrawingofthehouse,askthemtolistdownthethingstheycandotosaveenergyinthe4.placesthathavebeenmarkedwithacross.
My house
11
Activity 5: My energy saving action plan
Objective:Tohelptheparticipantsidentifytheplacesintheirhomeswhereenergyisused,andtodecidetheplacesintheirhomeswhereenergycanbesavedandhowtheywilldothis.
Time:20-30minutes
Materials: piecesofpaper,pencils,pens
What to do: Enterinanumber(#)orcircleanswerinthegreycolumn.1.
Lighting HowmanylightsdoIhaveinthehouse? #_____
Howmanylightsareonwhentheydon’tneedtobe?E.g.duringthedaytimeorallnight
#_____
HowmanylightscouldIchangetoenergysavingones? #_____
Cooling Howmanyhoursdoestheairconditionerruneachday? #_____
ArethereairconditionerscoolingroomsI’mnotusing?(Circleyouranswer)
Yes/No
CanIuseafaninsteadoftheairconditioner?(Circleyouranswer) Yes/No
Cooking CanIchangemycookingtogasratherthanelectric?(Circleyouranswer) Yes/No
Electronicappliances
HowmanyelectricalappliancesdoIhaveathome? #_____
Howmanyareonalldayandnotswitchedoffatthepowerpoint? #_____
HowmanycanIswitchoffwhenI’mnotusingthem? #_____
Refrigerator Whattemperatureismyfridgeat? _______ºC
CanIchangethetemperatureinmyfridgetotheoptimum4ºC-5ºC?
Yes/No
Nowyou’vefilledintheenergysavingsplan,it’stimetoworkoutanactionplan,lookingoverthetableabove,choose5thingsyoucandotosaveenergyandwritethembelow:
5 things I can do to save energy in my home:
Example
1. Switch my light bulbs to energy saving ones
2.
3.
4.
5.
12
Activity 6: My energy saving poster
Objective:Tohelptheparticipantsidentifytheactionsthattheycantaketosaveenergyathomeaswellastocreativelydocumenttheseactions.
Time: 30-45minutes
Materials: piecesofbutcherspaper,pencils,pens,markers,glue,scissors,colouringpens(anythingcreativethattheparticipantscanusetocreateaposter)
What to do:Givetheparticipantssomebutcherspaperandmarkers,colouringpens,glue,etc……1.
Asktheparticipantstocreateaposterwith5tipsonhowtheycansaveenergyintheirhomes.2.
13
Activity 7: Look at your electricity bill
Objective:Tographtheparticipants’homeelectricitybillandidentifyvariationsinthebillaswellasjustifythesevariations.
Time: 30-45minutes
Materials:piecesofgraphpaper,pencils,pens,
What to do:Asktheparticipantstobringtheirelectricitybillfromhome.1.
Givethenpiecesofgraphpaperandaskthemtographtheirelectricitybill2.
Example:3.
Asktheparticipantswhytheythinkthattherearevariations(ifany)intheirgraphandtosaywhy4.theythinkthisisso.
Graph of Electricity Bill
Months
Amou
nt in
AU
D $
50
40
30
20
10
0Jan Apr Jul Oct
14
Activity 8: Energy saving quiz
Objective:Torecapandtesttheknowledgeoftheparticipantsonenergyconservation.
Time: 20-30minutes
Materials: piecesofpaper,pens
What to do:Givetheparticipantspiecesofpaperanddictatetothemthequestionsthatarewrittenbelow.1.
Asktheparticipantstoswaptheirpiecesofpaperwiththeirneighbourandthengothroughtheanswers2.withthewholeclass
Arewardcanbegiventotheparticipantwhogetsalltheanswerscorrect.3.
Thisactivitycanalsobedoneingroups4.
QuestionsHowmuchofNauru’selectricitycomesfromfossilfuels?1.(answersinbold)a. 0%
b. 50%
c. 100%
Writedownonetypeofrenewablesourceofenergyandonetypeofnon-renewablesourceofenergy.2.
Whatisthebestwaytosaveenergyatschoolandwork?3.a. Switchoffallthelightswhenyouleavearoom
b. Makesureairconditionersareonlyonwhenneeded
c. Turnoffelectricalequipmentovernightandwhennotbeingused.
d. All of the above
Whyshouldwesaveenergy?4.a. toreduceourelectricitybill
b. toreducetheamountofairpollutants
c. all of the above
Whattemperatureshouldyourrefrigeratorbesetattosaveenergy?5.
a. 1-2ºC
b. 4-5 º C
c. 7-10ºC
15
Where to find more information Contact:SilvieDageagoEnergyOfficerEnergyOfficeCentralUtilitiesPh4443794Email:silvie.dageago@naurugov.nr
16
This guidebook was prepared by Live & Learn Environmental Education
as part of the Nauru Energy Conservation Project
October 2008
Live & Learn Environmental Education: Fres Wota Four
(opposite Fres Wota School), Port Vila, Vanuatu
M: (+678) 27448 E: vanuatu@livelearn.org www.livelearn.orgg
Written by: Diana Hinge and Sophie Scott, Vanuatu
Design and layout by: Karen Young
Illustrations by: Karen Young
Photography by: Kaori Yoshinaga
© Copyright: Live & Learn Environmental Education 2008
Permission is granted to duplicate materials for non-commercial, non-profit educational purposes
only provided acknowledgment is given. All other rights reserved.
A joint project of Live & Learn Environmental Education, SOPAC and the Government of the Republic of Nauru. Funding provided by the European Commission
A guide to saving electricity at home, school and at work
Save electricity Save money
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