science metal and non metal

INDEX

About metal Metallic bond Physical properties of metal About non metal Use of non metal Periodic table Chemical properties of metal and non

metal Thank you

METAL AND NON METAL

WHAT IS METAL AND NON METAL……..??

A metal is a solid material (an element, compound, or alloy). 91 of the 118 elements in the periodic table  are metals.

METALLIC BOUND Metals are crystalline solid and atoms are linked to one another by special types of bonds known as metallic bond.

Two parts of metallic bond-a) Valence electron.b) Kernel

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL :::---

Metallic Lustre (shine or brightness)- gold and platnium ,

exception- aluminium, copper and silver.

Hardness- silver and copper exception – sodium magnesium

Melting and boiling point –(atom are closely packed) exception - gallium(m.p =302 k) and cesium(m.p = 303 k).

Density (crystalline in nature) – iron is 7.86 g cm , nickel is 8.9 g cm.

Malleability -the property due to which metal can be beaten into sheets. Eg- Silver and aluminium.

Ductility –The property due to which a metal can be drawn into thin wires. Eg – copper and silver

Electrical conductor(metal are good conductor of electricity)- eg copper and silver. Exception – mercury and lead.

Thermal conductivity (heat) –thermal conductivity of metal is because of the movement of kernels and valence electron. Eg-silver and copper . Exception lead and mercury.

Sonorosity (sound) – all metal are sonorous in nature.

In chemistry, a nonmetal or non-metal is a chemical element which mostly lacks metallic attributes. Non metal s form a large number of compound which are extremely useful.For example – ammonia, nitric , explosive like TNT fertilizer like ammonium nitrate , etc.Oxygen present in atmosphere.Sulphuric acid is even regarded as the ‘king of chemical

NON METAL

Seventeen elements are generally classified as  nonmetals; most are gases (hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, neon, chlorine, argon, krypton, xenon and radon); one is a liquid... 

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL AND NON METAL

Metal Metal + oxygen =metal oxide Example-4 Na+ O2=2Na2O

2Mg +O2 =2MgO

Exception – silver and copper.

NATURE OF METAL OXIDES

a) Action with water.

Metal oxide + water = hydroxide(alkali)

Na2O + H2O = 2NaOH b) Action with acid. Metal oxide+ acid = salt +

water CaO(s) + H2O = CaCl2 (aq) + H2O

Reaction with hydrogen

Metal + hydrogen = metal hydrides 2Na (s) + H2 = 2NaH(s) Metal hydrides + water = hydrogen gas + hydroxide

NaH(s) + H2O (l) = NaOH(aq) + H2(g)

Reaction with water Metal + Water= Metal oxide + Hydrogen2K + 2H2O = 2KOH + H2 + heat energyException – copper , aluminium , gold and platinum.

Reaction with acid

Metal + acid = metal salt + hydrogen

2Na (s) + 2HCl = 2NaCl(aq) + H2

Reaction of metal with the solution of other salt

Metal displacement reaction

Chemical Properties Of Nonmetals Non – metal + oxygen = oxides

Examples- C(s) + O2(g) = CO2

S8(s) + 8O2 = 8SO2

Non-metal + acid = oxide +water

examples – S+2H2SO4(conc.)=3SO4+2H2O

S+6HNO3=H2SO4+6N3+H2

O

Non –metal + chlorine= chlorides example- 2P + 5CL2=2PCL5

2S + CL2=S2CL2

Non – metal+hydrogen=hydrides

examples- H2(g)+ S (s)=H2S N2(g)+3H2(g)=2NH3(g)

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Submitted to- miss rupali

Submitted by- carol ekka