sep. 2004 h. lee, d. park, d. sung, s. jung and j. lee doc.: ieee 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a submission...
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Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 1
Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: Multi-coded Bi-orthogonal PPM (MC-BPPM) Based Impulse Radio TechnologyDate Submitted: 8 Sep., 2004Source: [Hyung Soo Lee (1), Cheol Hyo Lee (1), Dong Jo Park (2), Dan Keun Sung (2), Sung Yoon Jung (2), Joon Yong Lee (3)]Company: [(1) Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI) (2) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technologies (KAIST) (3) Handong Global University (HGU)]Address: [(1) 161 Gajeong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (2) 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (3) Heunghae-eup, Buk-gu, Pohang, Republic of Korea]Voice: [(1) +82 42 860 5625, (2) +82 42 869 5438, (3) +82 54 260 1931], FAX: [(2) +82 42 869 8038]E-Mail: [(1) hsulee@etri.re.kr, (2) syjung@kaist.ac.kr, (3) joonlee@handong.edu]
Abstract: [This document proposes preliminary proposal for the IEEE 802.15.4 alternate PHY standard]
Purpose: [Preliminary Proposal for the IEEE802.15.4a standard]
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 2
Multi-Coded Bi-orthogonal PPM Based Impulse Radio Technology
ETRI-KAIST-HGURepublic of Korea
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 3
Contents
• Band Plan• Pulse Design• Multi-Coded Bi-orthogonal PPM (MC-BPPM)• PHY Frame Structure• Transceiver Architecture• Data Rate• Link Budget• Ranging Accuracy for Location Awareness
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 4
Band Plan• Bandwidth : Two bands
- Low band (3.1 to 4.9 GHz) : Mandatory band
- High band (5.825 to 10.6 GHz)
Low band
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
High band
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 5
Low Band Pulse Design : Example (1)• Prolate pulse*
- Pulse duration : 2.1376ns Bandwidth : 1.8GHz
*: Parr, B.; ByungLok Cho; Wallace, K.; Zhi Ding Communications Letters, IEEE , Volume: 7 , Issue: 5 , May 2003
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 6
Low Band Pulse Design : Example (2)• Chaotic pulse
- Large base signal (base=2*bandwidth*duration)
- Flexible bandwidth and signal duration
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 7
Multi-Coded Bi-orthogonal PPM (MC-BPPM)
• Operation example (L=3, Ns=4, Nr=1, Tg=0 ns)
Data block( L bits )Ex. L=3
Orthogonal code set( Code Length : Ns )
Ex. Ns=4 Modulation
Multi-coded symbol( Code rate : L/Ns )Ex. Code rate = 3/4
1 -3 1 1
Bi-orthogonal PPM :
1
-1
1
1-1-11
-1-111
-11-11
1-1-11
11-1-1
-11-11
11-31
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 8
PHY Frame Structure• Frame structure of PPDU (example)
Preamble SFD PHR PSDU
...
...
...
s
r
m
c
s
g
d
L
N
N
T
T
T
T
T
: # of bits per data block: Orthogonal code length: # of repetitions: Pulse bin width (duration)
: Total transmit time duration of a data block: Guard time for processing delay
: Multi-coded chip duration: Multi-coded symbol duration
1 2 rN
sN
: # of Repetitions
: Code length
sT
cT
2
1L
1 2 sN
122
1L : Position number for BPPM
mT
rN
gT gT gT
dT
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 9
• Transmitter
• Receiver
Transceiver Architecture
1 2
T
Lb bb b 1 2 s
T
Nd d d d
1 2, , , Lc c cd C b
( )r tData ModulatorBi-phase PPM
ChannelData EncoderOrthogonalMulti-code
Data
PulseGenerator
1 2
T
Lb bb b 1 2, , , Lc c c
Tb C d
1 2 s
T
Nd d d d
( )r tData DecoderOrthogonalMulti-code
DataDeModulatorBi-phase PPM
Data
PulseGenerator
LocationDetector
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 10
Data Rate
Tm L Ns NrData
RateTarget
Data Rate
200ns 1 32 128 1.220 kbps 1 kbps
200ns 1 16 16 19.53 kbps 20 kbps
200ns 3 16 4 117.19 kbps 100 kbps
200ns 5 8 1 1.042 Mbps 1 Mbps
• Low band modes (example)
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 11
Link Budget : ExampleParameter Unit Value
1. Information data rate kbps 1000 1
2. Distance (d) m 30 30
3. Average TX power dBm -8.75 -35.75
4. Tx antenna gain dBi 0 0
5. Geometric center freq. GHz 4 4
6. Path loss at 1 m dB 44.5 44.5
7. Path loss at d m dB 29.5 29.5
8. Rx antenna gain dBi -3 -3
9. Rx power dBm -85.75 -112.75
10. Average noise power per bit dBm -114 -144
11. Rx noise figure (NF) dB 6.6 6.6
12. Average noise power per bit dBm -107.4 -137.4
13. Required Eb/No dB 14 11.5
14. Implementation Loss dB 2.5 2.5
15. Rx. Sensitivity Level dBm -90.9 -123.4
16. Link Margin dB 5.15 10.65
• Bandwidth : 1.8GHz• MC-BPPM• 1% PER
(32 Octets/Packet)
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 12
Location Awareness : Ranging Accuracy
Parameter Unit Value
Information data rate Kbps 1
L - 1
Ns - 32
Nr - 128
Tm ns 200
Number of packets transmitted for range estimation
- 2
Peak SNR dB 2.047
Pulse - Prolate Pulse (BW:1.8GHz)
Channel mode - CM4
Sample interval ns 0.2
Search region duration (Tsearch) ns 40
# of integration (Nint) - 32 x 128 x 2 / 40 x 0.2 = 40
RMS accuracy of ToA estimation ns 1.19
RMS accuracy of ranging m 0.36
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 13
Conclusions
• Multi-Coded Bi-orthogonal PPM– Candidates for UWB Pulses
Prolate pulse / Chaotic pulse
– Time-diversity gain– Data rate scalability– Wide pulse bin width
Reduced duty cycle Mitigated Inter bin Interference (IBI)
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 14
Back-Up Slides
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 15
Link Capacity of MC-BPPM• Parameter Setting
– Tm=2.1376ns(=Tw) , Tg=0ns / Ns=4 & 8 , Nr=1
– Comparison with M-ary BPPM, BPSK
– Same Tx. pulse power per bit (Ns : repetition code length for BPPM, BPSK)
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 16
Pulse Bin Width (Tm)• Pulse bin width vs. link capacity
Higher link capacity
Lower data transmission time
Wide pulse bin width is possible!!• Multipath immunity => Low Rx. complexity
( No equalizer )
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 17
Pulse Bin Width (Tm)• Pulse bin width comparison
– Comparison with (M-ary) BPPM & BPSK
– Same link capacity condition, same Tx. pulse power per bit EbNo (dB)
(L,Ns)0 2 4 6 8 10 Avg.
(1,4)BPPM 0.995 0.998 1.005 1.003 1.000 1.000 1.000
BPSK 1.001 1.000 1.001 0.999 1.000 1.000 1.000
(3,4)BPPM 0.604 0.606 0.587 0.554 0.521 0.505 0.563
BPSK 0.760 0.769 0.755 0.723 0.691 0.672 0.728
(1,8)BPPM 1.003 1.005 1.003 0.999 0.999 1.000 1.002
BPSK 1.001 0.999 0.999 0.999 0.999 1.000 1.000
(3,8)BPPM 0.580 0.584 0.573 0.548 0.520 0.505 0.552
BPSK 0.766 0.768 0.752 0.722 0.691 0.672 0.728
(5,8)BPPM 0.211 0.222 0.225 0.214 0.199 0.190 0.210
BPSK 0.742 0.745 0.722 0.677 0.633 0.609 0.688
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 18
Pulse Bin Width (Tm)• Example
– Let L=5, Ns=8
–
(BPPM)
(BPSK)
42
138
m
m
T ns
T ns
(MC-BPPM) 200mT ns
(MC-BPPM) 200mT ns
(BPSK) 138mT ns
(BPPM) 42mT ns
• Lower pulse duty cycle than M-ary BPPM & BPSK
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 19
Pulse Bin Width (Tm)• Example
– Let L=5, Ns=8
–
(BPPM)
(BPSK)
42
138
m
m
T ns
T ns
(MC-BPPM) 200mT ns
(MC-BPPM)mT
(BPSK)mT
(BPPM)mT
• More multipath Immunity than (M-ary) BPPM & BPSK!!
• No additional complexity to mitigate IBI!!
< TG 3a CM 4 >
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 20
Location Awareness : Scenarios
• Criteria
– Mobility of Nodes- Stationary, movable, or mobile
– Density of Nodes- Dense or sparse
– Mobility of Reference Nodes- Stationary, movable, or mobile
– Position Accuracy- Low / Medium / High accuracy
Wake up “Yellow shirts”.
“Information”
Sensor network by UWB
UWB tag
UWB tag
UWB tag
UWB tag
UWB tag
UWB tag
UWB tag
UWB tag
UWB tag
Nodes are stationary
Nodes are mobile
*Source : IEEE 15-03-0537-00-004a
Sep. 2004
H. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-04-0485-03-004a
Submission
Slide 21
Location Awareness : ToA Measurement of Direct Path Signal
• Search by sampling over multiple-pulse transmissions• References:
• Joon-Yong Lee and Robert A. Scholtz, "Ranging in a dense multipath environment using an UWB radio link" , IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol.20, no.9, pp.1677 - 1683, Dec. 2002
• Robert A. Scholtz and Joon-Yong Lee, "Problems in modeling UWB channels", 36'th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers, Nov. 2002
Initial lock point
Serial search by sampling & integration(Search for the 1st level-crossing point)
Length of search region searchT Correlator output
Threshold ToA of direct path
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