sketching and technical drawing foundations of technology sketching and technical drawing © 2013...
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Foundations of Technology
Sketching and Technical DrawingSketching and Technical Drawing
© 2013 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™ Foundations of Technology
Teacher Resource – Unit 2 Lesson 5
The BIG IdeaThe BIG Idea
Big Idea:
At various intervals of the Engineering Design Process, conceptual, mathematical, and physical models are used to evaluate the design solution.
© 2013 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™ Foundations of Technology
Annotated SketchesAnnotated Sketches
Annotated Sketches are sketches that include notes or labels, dimensions, and/or symbols.
Sketches are often used to show an idea or visibly capture a thought.
All sketches should includesome type of annotation.
© 2013 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™ Foundations of Technology
Annotated SketchesAnnotated Sketches
Sketching takes practice, but there are some basics to remember:
Use long, light, and flowing lines rather than heavy or short lines.
Sketches are a loose representation of the idea; accuracy is not critical.
Keep your sketches quick; include enough detail to get your idea across.
Use basic shapes to frame the sketch, then add more detail.
© 2013 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™ Foundations of Technology
Technical DrawingsTechnical Drawings
Technical drawing is a visual communication language that is used to communicate how something works or is constructed.
All technical drawings include:
Standard symbols
Units of measurement
© 2013 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™ Foundations of Technology
Technical DrawingsTechnical Drawings
Technical Drawings can be produced using paper and pencil or on a computer using computer-aided design (CAD).
We will use two basics types oftechnical drawings:
Orthographic projection
Isometric projection
© 2013 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™ Foundations of Technology
Technical DrawingsTechnical Drawings
Orthographic projection is a way to represent a three-dimensional object in two dimensions.
Typically, two or more elevations or pictures areproduced to represent the entire object—known as multiview projection.
© 2013 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™ Foundations of Technology
Technical DrawingsTechnical Drawings
Orthographic projection typically displays the top, front, and ride side views of a three-dimensional object.
© 2013 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™ Foundations of Technology
Top (yellow)
Front (grey)
RightSide
(green)
Top
RightSide
Front
Multiview Projection
Technical DrawingsTechnical Drawings
Orthographic multiview projection has some basic terminology:
© 2013 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™ Foundations of Technology
Top Elevation
Side ElevationFront Elevation
Construction Lines (light)
Part Outline(solid)
Hidden Lines (dashed)
Dimensions(singular or
stacked)
Technical DrawingsTechnical Drawings
Drawing orthographically will take practice, but there are some basics to remember:
Use construction lines toframe out the work space.
The distance between elevations are equal.
Use construction lines to project details betweenthe elevations.
© 2013 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™ Foundations of Technology
Construction Lines
Equal
Top
Side
Front
Technical DrawingsTechnical Drawings
Drawing orthographically will take practice, but there are some basics to remember:
A 45°-angle line can be drawn to help project between the top and sideelevation.
Darken the lines thatrepresent the part.
Do not erase constructionlines.
© 2013 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™ Foundations of Technology
45° Construction Line
Top
Side
Front
Finished Lines
(darkened)
Construction Lines (light)
Technical DrawingsTechnical Drawings
Orthographic Drawing Practice
© 2013 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™ Foundations of Technology
2
2
5
44
1. Establish an Origin (staring point)
2. Frame out the work space with Construction
Lines – total height, width and depth, leaving
equal space between objects
Depth = 4
Height = 5
Width = 4 Depth = 4
3. Project the outline of the top, front and side
views using Construction Lines
Top
Front
Side
5. Add points of interest to the most
descriptive view
4. Add a 45° line starting in the upper right hand corner –
used to project details between the top and side views
6. Project points of interest using
Construction Lines
7. Darken all finished lines for each view
Technical DrawingsTechnical Drawings
Isometric projection is a simple way to show a three-dimensional object.
By using isometric projection, three sides of an object areshown proportionally.
All vertical lines are drawn vertically, and all horizontal lines are drawn at an angle of 30° degrees.
© 2013 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™ Foundations of Technology
Technical DrawingsTechnical Drawings
Drawing isometrically will take practice, but there are some basics to remember:
Use construction lines toframe out the work space.
Use construction lines to project details on surfaces.
Use accurate measurements on all surfaces.
© 2013 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™ Foundations of Technology
Technical DrawingsTechnical Drawings
Isometric Drawing Practice
© 2013 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™ Foundations of Technology
2
2
5
44
1. Establish and origin
(starting point)
2. Frame out the work space with
Construction Lines – total height, width
and depth
Height = 5
Width= 4Depth
= 4
3. Add points of interest to the
most descriptive view(s)
4. Project points of interest using
Construction Lines
5. Additional points of interest can now
be identified – project those points using Construction
Lines
6. Darken all finished lines
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