skin integrity and wound care
Post on 11-Jun-2015
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Skin Integrity and Wound Care103A
Pressure UlcersLocalized injury to skin and underlying tissue,
usually over a bony prominence.
Often results from pressure in combination with shear and/or friction.
May be caused by devices such as oxygen equipment, orthopedic devices, straps or tubing, as well as pressure from beds or chairs.
Risk Factors for Pressure Ulcer Development
Impaired sensory Impaired sensory perception/perception/
Alterations in LOCAlterations in LOC
ShearShear
Impaired mobilityImpaired mobility Nutrition and HydrationNutrition and Hydration
FrictionFriction MoistureMoisture
Stage I
Intact Skin with
Nonblanchable Redness
Stage IIPartial-thickness Skin Loss or Blister
Stage III
Full-thickness Skin Loss (Fat Visible)
Stage IVFull-Thickness Tissue Loss (Muscle/Bone Visible)
Suspected Deep-Tissue InjuryDepth unknown.
UnstageableFull-thickness Skin or Tissue Loss-Depth Unknown
PAIN The assessment of pain and
management of pain must be included in plan of care
Provide analgesic 30 minutes prior to wound care
Consider nonpharmacological interventions
Nursing Knowledge Base Prediction and prevention of pressure ulcers
Norton Scale Physical and mental condition, activity, mobility, and
continence
Braden Scale Sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility,
nutrition, and friction and shear
Assessment Skin Presence of ulcers Mobility Nutrition and fluid status Pain Existing wounds, appearance, character Wound culture
Nursing Diagnosis and Planning Impaired Skin Integrity Risk for Infection Impaired Nutrition: less than body
requirements Acute or Chronic Pain Impaired Physical Mobility Ineffective Tissue Perfusion Impaired Tissue Integrity Disturbed Body Image
Implementation Health promotion
Topical skin care Protect bony prominences, skin barriers for
incontinence.
Positioning Turn every 1 to 2 hours as indicated.
Support surfaces Decrease the amount of pressure exerted over bony
prominences.
Implementation Nutrition and Hydration Appropriate Wound Treatments Pain Management Education of Patient and Caregivers Psychosocial Aspects
Summary Nursing interventions for reducing and
treating pressure ulcers need to be evaluated to determine if the client has met the identified outcomes or goals.
Take a Holistic, Multidisciplinary Approach. Do a Thorough Assessment…more than
once. Develop an Individualized Care Plan. Put Interventions into Place Without Delay. Commit to Care.
Thank You! Questions/comments?
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