skyscraper history

SKYSCRAPERSSKYSCRAPERS

SKYSCRAPER HISTORY

THE FIRST • HOME INSURANCE BUILDING,

• CHICAGO 1890

1871: Great Fire of Chicago destroys downtown

SHIBAM AD1

• SAN GEMINIANO ITALY 1200 AD

Los Angeles

WAINWRIGHT BUILDING, CHICAGO 1890

RELIANCE BUILDING 1894

The Economics of Skyscrapers: New York City

NEW YORK

• GRID PATTERN – 7M X 30M• NO DISPUTES• Downtown Manhattan bedrock is

very close to the surface. • Bedrock is stable.• As a result, costs of digging and

laying foundation are relatively low.

FLATIRON BUILDING 1903

1890: World Building Joseph Pulitzer's 1890: World Building Joseph Pulitzer's New YorkNew York WorldWorld (Newspaper row, 26 stories, first building in (Newspaper row, 26 stories, first building in NYC to surpass 284’ spire of Trinity Church) NYC to surpass 284’ spire of Trinity Church) 1902: Flatiron Building 1902: Flatiron Building 1913: Woolworth Building1913: Woolworth Building1915: 42-story Equitable Building.1915: 42-story Equitable Building.1916: NYC Zoning Laws1916: NYC Zoning Laws

PARK ROW BUILDING NEW

YORK 190830 FLOORS

SINGER BUILDING 1908

40 FLOORS

Jewellers' building Chicago

WOOLWORTH BUILDING 1913,

55 FLOORS

1916-WORLD WAR ONE 1916 zoning created ‘wedding cake’ style.

1920’s (“The Roaring Twenties”) saw a massive speculative and building frenzy.

Result: Race to the heavens. e.g. Chrysler vs. 40 Wall Street. Empire State Building Art Deco style. Depression and WWII put ‘kybosh’ on skyscraper market.

CHRYSLER BUILDING 1930,

77 FLOORS

EMPIRE STATE

BUILDING 1930, 90 FLOORS

LEVER BUILDING SEAGRAM BUILDING

WORLD TRADE CENTRE 1970, 110 FLOORS

NEW YORK

NEW YORK – SOLOW BUILDING

NEW YORK AT & T BUILDING

CHICAGO

TRANSAMERICA TOWER SAN FRANCISCO

SHANGHAI

MOSCOW

MEXICO CITY

PARIS

THE GHERKIN LONDON

HONG KONG

KHUALA LUMPUR

Ryugyong Hotel, Pyongyang, North Korea

JIN MAO SHANGHAI

BURJ - KALIFA

TWISTING TORSO

MALMOSWEDEN

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4muhc_QUGcI&feature=related

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