solar concentrator presentation

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Peltier Solar Concentrator

By: Michael Forrest

Kyle Fifield

Evan White

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The Problem

• To demonstrate that a thermoelectric device

can efficiently converted solar energy into

electricity.

• The goal is to create a system equally efficient

to PV panels or even more efficient.

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The Solution

• Satellite Dish Sun Concentrator

• Collector Plate

•

Thermal Electric Peltier Device• Azimuth-Altitude Solar Tracking

• Battery Storage

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What is a Thermoelectric Device?

• A thermoelectric “Peltier” device uses a

seebeck effect to create power.

• The seebeck effect uses the temperature

differential to create a magnetic field which

current can flow through

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Solar Rays

Solar Concentrator

Sun

Peltier Device

Solar Collector

Azimuth Rotation

Horizontal Tilt

Dc/Dc

Step-up

Microcontroller

Motor ControllerMotor Controller

System Diagram

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Solar Tracking Subsystem

• Time of day tracks time

• User interface will include buttons and 7-

segment display

• Motor controllers

• 2 motors

•

Encoders will be used to keep track of howmany turns the motors rotate.

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Solar Tracking System Diagram

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Solar Tracking Positioning Equations

Elevation (zenith) Angle = Azimuth Angle = 

Inputs•  Date and Time

•  Longitude and Latitude

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User Interface

Displays:• Time of Day

• Date

• Azimuth Angle

• Altitude Angle

Pushbuttons:• Up/Down

Selection Arrows

• Menu Option

• Enter Button

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1 7.5

Dish

E

Base

Encoder

-Encoder

16 pulses/rev360deg/16 pulses = 22.5degs/pulse

-Encoder with Sprockets

1 to 7.5 sprocket ratio

(22.5deg/pulse)*(1/7.5)= 3deg/pulse

Azimuth Motor Mechanism

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Thermoelectric Mounting Subsystem

• Purpose:

 – Maximize Performance and Power Efficiency of HZ-20.

 – HZ-20 Module Around 5% Efficient.

• Design Aspects: – Minimum Load of 200 psi on HZ-20.

 – Thermal Expansion of HZ-20.

 – Efficient Heat Transfer

 – Keeping Cold Side of HZ-20 Cool.

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Subsystem Diagram of Thermoelectric Mount

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Loading on HZ-20 Module

• Ensures Module

Remains in

Compression to

Maximize Heat Transfer.• Solution:

 – Belleville Springs.

 – Apply Large Amount of

Force in Compact Area.

 – Also Allows for Thermal

Expansion.

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Efficient Heat Transfer

• Thermal Grease:

 – Ensures Efficient Heat Transfer from Mount to HZ-

20 and HZ-20 to Heat Sink.

• Overhang of 0.5 Inches and 0.25 Inches of

Thickness on Mount:

 – Ensures Uniform Heating on HZ-20.

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Thermal Diagram

TBar

TH

TC

THS

TA

∆T 

Thermal Resistance

ofThermal Adhesive

Thermal Resistance

ofPeltier Junction

Thermal Resistance

of

Heat Sink

Temperature of Bar

Temperature of Hot Side

Temperature of Cold Side

Temperature of Heat Sink

Temperature of Ambient

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Energy Gain

B

A AreaEclipes = πAB

Area of Dish = 0.303077m²

Area of FP = 0.003488m²

Energy Gain = Area of Dish / Area of Focal Point

Energy Gain = 87

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Efficiency Strategies

85% ReflectivityDish Covered with Reflective Tape

Aluminum Collector Plate Painted Black

Absorbs 90% of light

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Efficiency Diagram

Reflective Tape 85%

Efficient

Sun

90% Absorption

Efficiency

5% Heat to

Electricity Efficiency

Wasted

Heat

Step-up Dc/Dc

Converter

95% Efficient 12v Lead

Acid

92% Storage

Efficiency

Total Efficiency = 3.34%

Sunlight to Usable Energy

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Power Diagram

1000W/m²

303.1W

Sun

Concentrator Collector

232W

8 mins to heat up

Peltier Device

220W

Heat Sink

3V, 6.67A, 20W

Dc/Dc

Step-up

12V, 800mA, 9.6W

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Dc/Dc Step-up Convertor

1.8V to 5.5V 

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Areas of Responsibility

Evan

Kyle

Mike

Solid Modeling / Peltier Mounting / Temperature Sensing

Energy & Power Calculations/ Thermal Design/Dc-Dc Step-Up Circuit

Solar Tracking/ Time of Day Sensor Calculations & Programming/

Motor controllers

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Schedule

• Things to be done

 – Design altitude motor mechanism

 – Build azimuth and altitude motor mechanism

 –

Get final dimensions and mount HZ-20 on heat sink – Order parts

 – Troubleshoot TOD programming, finish coldfire calculation

programming, design user input program, add motor

driver program

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Questions?