solutions and diffusion

Solutions and Diffusion

Solution

• a solution is a mixture composed of two or more substances

• In such a mixture, a solute is dissolved in another substance, known as a solvent.

Solute• The substance which

dissolves in a solution

Solvent• The substance which

dissolves another to form a solution.

• For example, in a sugar and water solution, water is the solvent; sugar is the solute.

equilibrium

• Chemical equilibrium, the state in which the concentrations of the reactants and products have no net change over time.

• Diffusion equilibrium, when the concentrations of the diffusing substance in the two compartments are equal.

Osmosis • is the net movement of water across a

selectively permeable membrane driven by a difference in solute.

• A selectively permeable membrane is one that allows unrestricted passage of water, but not solute molecules or ions.

Osmosis

Diffusion

• the process by which molecules spread from areas of high concentration, to areas of low concentration.

• When the molecules are even throughout a space - it is called EQUILIBRIUM.

• concentration gradient - a difference between concentrations in a space.

Simple DiffusionClick on the picture above to review diffusion.

See Diffusion HappenClick the picture above to follow the hyperlink.