south africa
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SOUTH AFRICAN LANGUAGES 2001
Language Number of speakers* % of total
Afrikaans 5 983 420 13.35%
English 3 673 206 8.2%
IsiNdebele 711 825 1.59%
IsiXhosa 7 907 149 17.64%
IsiZulu 10 677 315 23.82%
Sesotho sa Leboa 4 208 974 9.39%
Sesotho 3 555 192 7.93%
Setswana 3 677 010 8.2%
SiSwati 1 194 433 2.66%
Tshivenda 1 021 761 2.28%
Xitsonga 1 992 201 4.44%
Other 217 291 0.48%
TOTAL 44 819 777 100%
Nonrhotic. They may have final postvocalic /r/ and
a medial /r/ as trill or tap. It has observed an initial obstruent (fricative) /r/, in such phrases as
red, red rose
Variations in ACCENT depend usually on education, social class, domicile (rural or urban), and accommodation to speakers of varieties
the vowel /ɪ/ as in bit or pin becomes in SCHWA /ə/
Sentence initiators such as affirmative no:
e.g. How are you?—No, I'm fine(it comes probably from
Dutch/Afrikaans)
The source for distinctively South African words are: Dutch/Afrikaans 50%, English 30%, African languages 10%, other languages 10%. The most recent years show an increasing proportion of items of Afrikaner: boer, trek, and veld,
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