sowing the seeds of renewable energy
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7/30/2019 Sowing the Seeds of Renewable Energy
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Sowing the Seeds of Renewable
Energy in the Farmlands of Bayawan
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The Problems:
Carbon based fossil fuels arefinite resources
Supply is volatile
Dependence on fossil fuelweakens local economy
Vehicular and industrial emissions arebelieved to be chief causes of GLOBALWARMING!
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The Solution: Renewable Energy Sources
BIOFUELS:
Ethanol
Biomethane
Biodiesel
BIODIESEL IN A NUTSHELL:
An alternative fuel for any diesel engine.
Derived from fats and plant oils such as soybean, coconut,
and even waste cooking oil Biodegradable and non-toxic
Reduces emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants
Similar properties with petroleum diesel
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Jatropha as a Feedstock for Biodiesel
Does not compete with the edible oil market
Easy to propagate, can be intercropped
Minimal maintenance, withstands droughts, notbrowsed by animals
Productive life of 35-50 years
Seeds contain 30% oil (3 kgs = 1 liter of oil)
Potential income from by-products (press cakefor fertilizer / glycerin for soap)
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City Government adopts jatropha curcas for ruralindustrialization, as well as reforestation and erosion control
The Lowly Jatropha Hugs the Limelight
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Challengesinto
opportunities
Biodiesel R & D is born
Hon. German P. Saraa, Jr.,
City Mayor of Bayawan,creates Research andDevelopment Team onBiodiesel Production on May15, 2006
Main task of the team:Establish most appropriate
method in biodieselprocessing in support of agro-industrialization in rural areas
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Trying out the Transesterification Process
R & D chemists do
the lab
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Dr. Rico Cruz Comes to Town
US-based Agrl Engineer from theUniversity of Idaho
Over 15 years hands-on experience onbiodiesel research, production, testing,and use
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Dr. Cruz demonstrates use of 100% biodiesel on one of the citys vehicle
Seeingand Smelling is Believing
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Chemistry of Biodiesel Production
Vegetable / plant oil
(triglyceride)
Fattyacid
Fattyacid
GlycerinFattyacid
+
KOH (catalyst)
=
Fattyacid
Fattyacid
Fattyacid
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester
&
Glycerin
GlycerinMethanol
methanol methanol methanol
Potassium
Hydroxide
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Basics of Base CatalyzedTransesterification
Mix 11 grams of potassium hydroxide (KOH)
with 220 ml of methanol. Add the mixture to 1 liter vegetable oil and
stir or shake vigorously for about 30 minutes
Let it settle overnight
This is how the
product appears:
upper layer is
biodiesel, lowerportion is glycerin
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Methyl Ester Products from Coco and Jatropha Oil
Coco Methyl Ester Jatropha Methyl Ester
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BAYAWANS
PROPOSED
BATCH
PROCESSINGPLANT
Setting up the Refinery
Scale modelsimplified to
the max!
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Process Flow
Alcohol+
Catalyst
Crude or Refined
Plant-basedOil
TRANSESTERIFICATION
(stirred / mixed for 1-2 hours)Heating the mixture to 60C is recommended
Settling Tank
BIODIESEL(Ready for
Use)
CRUDEGLYCEROL
2 2 % m e t h an o l +
1 1 g r a m s o f
po tass ium
h y d r o x i d e ( d e p en d i n g o n
g r a d e o f t h e
ca ta lys t and
qua l i t y o f t h e o i l )
Biodieselphase
Glycerin phase
Let
glycerinephase
settle for atleast 24
hours
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Costing of Coconut Biodiesel
Average cost of production per liter Coco oil - PhP 35.00 / liter
Indl grade methanol - 9.90 / 220mL
Potassium hydroxide - 1.10/ 11 g
Labor/Power/Misc - 2.00
Cost per liter - 48.00/ liter
When income from copra meal and glycerine will be considered at
PhP 7.00/kg and PhP 15.00/liter respectively, the cost of biodiesel
production may be reduced to PhP 40.00 to PhP 45.00 per liter
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R & D Activities Present:
Continue with advocacy and IEC
Supply and sourcing of materials Construction of biodiesel plant and
laboratory
Future:
Oil extraction methods and technologies Actual testing with service vehicles
Collaboration with other agencies andentities
Uses and applications of by-products
Transfer of technology to the privatesector
PLANT OIL STOVE
Visitors from Japan try out BB100on a Toyata vehicle
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Comparison of Combustion Chamber
Findings from a study done at the Asian Institute of Technology in Thailand
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Hello Squeezing Goodbye Drilling
Burning up calories withthe Piteba manual expeller
The
mechanized
oil screwpress
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Pedal Powered Fuel for your Pick-up Truck
An alternative way of using the
Piteba expeller.
B k t th F t t R li R d lf Di l D
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Back to the Future to Relive Rudolf Diesels Dream
A futuristic scene in Bayawans oilfields?
The use of vegetable oils forengine fuels may seem
insignificant today. But such
oils may become, in the
course of time, as important aspetroleum and the coal tar
products of the present time.
Dr. Rudolf Karl Diesel,1912
THANK YOU
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